The founder and first sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Osman, was born in 1258 AD in Sogot, near Bursa. He was one of the three sons of Ertugrul Gazi and his mother was Halima Khatun. Osman Gazi was only 23 years old when he assumed control of the Kai clan in Sogut then ascended the throne after his father’s death and ruled for 27 years until his death in 1326.
Upon assuming the throne, he gathered several Turkmen factions and fought against the Byzantines, collaborating with Alaeddin Keykubad I of the Seljuks. As the Seljuk Empire remained powerless after Alaeddin’s banishment, Osman Ghazi reunited them under his rule in 1299, marking the date with the foundation of the Ottoman Empire.
Osman Ghazi continued his campaigns against what remained of the Byzantine Empire in the region with his brothers, sons, and close supporters. He cut off the Byzantine trade routes and forced the local rulers to surrender. After 1320 illnesses, his sons continued fighting and conquered many cities from the Byzantines. He died of gout in Sogut at the age of 68 and was buried in Bursa. During his reign, Mal Khatun, with whom he had one son, first married Orhan Gazi, who later became the next Sultan. After Mal Hatton married Bala Hatton, another son was born to her, Aladdin, and became the Grand Vizier while growing up. He had a total of 8 sons and one daughter.
Osman Gazi was given the nickname Balak (Kara in Turkish), which according to ancient Turkmen tradition means that he is a brave and heroic person. He was a tall man with a broad and high chest and long arms, dark tan, round face, with a thin beard, a long thick mustache, a ram’s nose, hazel eyes, thick eyebrows, a deep and meticulous voice, and an expert in horseback riding, sword use, and fighting strategies. He was just and was of great help to the poor, even giving them his own clothes when he saw someone in need. Besides military actions, Osman Gazi also introduced all new measures to form a new empire, such as b- Introducing new laws, also based on Seljuk laws, imposing taxes, minting the first Ottoman coins (akçe), and so on.
Upon assuming the throne, he gathered several Turkmen factions and fought against the Byzantines, collaborating with Alaeddin Keykubad I of the Seljuks. As the Seljuk Empire remained powerless after Alaeddin’s banishment, Osman Ghazi reunited them under his rule in 1299, marking the date with the foundation of the Ottoman Empire.
Osman Ghazi continued his campaigns against what remained of the Byzantine Empire in the region with his brothers, sons, and close supporters. He cut off the Byzantine trade routes and forced the local rulers to surrender. After 1320 illnesses, his sons continued fighting and conquered many cities from the Byzantines. He died of gout in Sogut at the age of 68 and was buried in Bursa. During his reign, Mal Khatun, with whom he had one son, first married Orhan Gazi, who later became the next Sultan. After Mal Hatton married Bala Hatton, another son was born to her, Aladdin, and became the Grand Vizier while growing up. He had a total of 8 sons and one daughter.
Osman Gazi was given the nickname Balak (Kara in Turkish), which according to ancient Turkmen tradition means that he is a brave and heroic person. He was a tall man with a broad and high chest and long arms, dark tan, round face, with a thin beard, a long thick mustache, a ram’s nose, hazel eyes, thick eyebrows, a deep and meticulous voice, and an expert in horseback riding, sword use, and fighting strategies. He was just and was of great help to the poor, even giving them his own clothes when he saw someone in need. Besides military actions, Osman Gazi also introduced all new measures to form a new empire, such as b- Introducing new laws, also based on Seljuk laws, imposing taxes, minting the first Ottoman coins (akçe), and so on.
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