Dead Star Consumes Material From Planets In Hubble Data
Hubble Space Telescope observations of white dwarf star G238-44 has shown that it is "consuming both rocky-metallic and icy material, the ingredients of planets," according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
Music & Sound
“Through a Computer Screen” by Raphael Olivier [SACEM] via KTSA Publishing [SACEM] and Universal Production Music
ESA Credit:
Ring of rocky debris around a white dwarf star (artist’s impression)
Credit: NASA, ESA, STScI, and G. Bacon (STScI)
Evaporating extrasolar planet, from Video (artist's impression)
Credit: ESA, Alfred Vidal-Madjar (Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, France) and NASA.
Red Giant Sun
Credit: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)
Flight through our Solar System
Credit: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)
ESO Credit:
Comets in Solar System
Credit on screen with : ESO/L. Calçada/N. Risinger (skysurvey.org)
Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
Music & Sound
“Through a Computer Screen” by Raphael Olivier [SACEM] via KTSA Publishing [SACEM] and Universal Production Music
ESA Credit:
Ring of rocky debris around a white dwarf star (artist’s impression)
Credit: NASA, ESA, STScI, and G. Bacon (STScI)
Evaporating extrasolar planet, from Video (artist's impression)
Credit: ESA, Alfred Vidal-Madjar (Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, France) and NASA.
Red Giant Sun
Credit: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)
Flight through our Solar System
Credit: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)
ESO Credit:
Comets in Solar System
Credit on screen with : ESO/L. Calçada/N. Risinger (skysurvey.org)
Category
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TechTranscript
00:00 When a star like our Sun begins to die, it expands into a bloated red giant star, shedding
00:07 mass by puffing off its outer layers.
00:10 This change alters the gravitational influence the star has on its planetary system.
00:16 The gravity of the remaining large planets can disrupt the orbits of small objects like
00:21 asteroids, comets, and moons, scattering them like pinballs in an arcade game into exaggerated
00:27 oval orbits.
00:29 As the red giant star runs out of its nuclear fuel, it begins to contract, creating a compact
00:35 white dwarf star no larger than Earth.
00:39 The exaggerated orbits of the wayward objects may bring them very close to the star where
00:44 they experience powerful tidal forces that tear them apart, creating a gas and dust disk
00:50 around the white dwarf that eventually falls onto the star's surface.
00:55 Five billion years from now, when our Sun is at the end of its life, Mercury, Venus,
01:00 and Earth will likely be completely vaporized as the Sun becomes a red giant.
01:05 The orbits of asteroids in the main asteroid belt will be altered, eventually falling onto
01:10 the white dwarf that our Sun will become.
01:14 This scenario is exactly what is happening to a nearby white dwarf star named G23844.
01:21 The star's death throes have so violently disrupted its planetary system that it is
01:26 actively siphoning off debris from both the system's inner and outer reaches.
01:32 Using archival data from Hubble and other NASA space observatories, astronomers have
01:37 for the first time observed a white dwarf star consuming both rocky metallic and icy
01:43 material.
01:44 The findings are intriguing because icy bodies are credited with irrigating dry, rocky planets.
01:51 Billions of years ago, comets and asteroids are thought to have hit our planet, delivering
01:55 water and sparking the conditions necessary for life as we know it.
02:00 The makeup of the bodies raining onto the white dwarf implies that icy reservoirs might
02:06 be common among planetary systems.
02:09 This white dwarf provides a unique opportunity to take distant planets apart and see what
02:14 they were made of when they were first formed around the star, letting us better understand
02:19 what makes up star systems besides our own.
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