Artifical Intelligence se zindagi asaan likin dunya k liye intehai barra khatra bhi...
آرٹیفیشل انٹیلیجنس سے زندگی آسان لیکن دنیا کے لیے انتہائی بڑا خطرہ بھی
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CreativityTranscript
00:00 Where artificial intelligence or AI technology has made life easier, many threats are also emerging.
00:06 People like Elon Musk openly express concern about AI.
00:11 Many experts believe that in the future, AI technology will outsmart humans and humanity will have to suffer its serious consequences.
00:20 Another dangerous aspect of AI technology is that it is talked about very little.
00:26 These are the effects on its environment.
00:28 AI technology is using a lot more electricity than conventional internet technology.
00:34 The actions of the West, including the United States, are not enough to control this issue.
00:40 On the other hand, if we look at China, it is working very fast for this.
00:45 Open AI CEO Sam Altman, who created JetGPT, has also expressed concerns about this.
00:55 He said that AI technology is using a lot of electricity.
01:00 As it moves towards the Jeddah, its electricity demand will also increase.
01:06 We do not know how much electricity it will need and how it will be obtained.
01:12 If we want to take AI technology ahead, we will need a miracle in the field of electricity.
01:19 Either we will have to get electricity through nuclear fusion or we will have to go towards solar energy.
01:25 Both Open AI and Microsoft are funding a startup called Helion.
01:33 This startup is trying to create a generator that can work through nuclear fusion.
01:40 It is being called the Holy Grail of the field of clean energy.
01:44 But is there any hope of such a generator's success?
01:48 This is a big question mark, which has been trying to find the answer for the past 70 years.
01:54 It has been working for seven decades, but there has been no breakthrough.
02:00 Experts believe that it will take many more decades to prepare for this Holy Grail.
02:06 But there is still very little chance of success.
02:09 Now let's come to how much electricity is AI technology using?
02:16 AI technology relies on thousands of special computer chips.
02:21 In the coming years, these chips will use a lot of electricity.
02:25 By 2027, AI servers can use electricity between 85 and 134 terawatts annually.
02:34 1 terawatt is equal to 10 lakh megawatts.
02:37 Countries like Pakistan need only between 25 and 30 thousand megawatts.
02:43 You can guess how much electricity is this.
02:47 The electricity used for AI will be equal to the annual consumption of electricity in Argentina, Netherlands and Sweden.
02:55 This is 0.5% of the total electricity used in the world.
03:01 In 2022, Amazon's cloud and Google's search engine data centers used 1 to 1.3% of the total electricity in the world.
03:12 0.4% electricity is being used for mining cryptocurrency.
03:17 After the arrival of AI, the electricity shortage in the technology sector will increase.
03:22 A large part of this electricity is being generated from fossil fuels.
03:26 That is, most of the electricity is generated from oil and coal.
03:29 Which is causing carbon emissions in the environment.
03:32 Big companies used to keep their facts in front of the public, but now they don't do that.
03:41 So there is no definitive information about the electricity used for AI technology.
03:48 But now a new law has been introduced in the US state of California.
03:52 This is the state where most of the technology companies do their business.
03:57 And there is also Silicon Valley here.
03:59 According to the law, large technology companies will now have to bring transparency in their affairs.
04:06 More than $1 billion companies with revenue will have to tell by 2027 how much carbon they are emitting.
04:14 Companies with a revenue of $500 million will be bound to share figures by 2026.
04:22 As a result of this law, more than 1000 companies may have to publish their data.
04:31 So far we have learned how much electricity the servers of AI technology will use.
04:36 Now let's try to understand it in more detail.
04:40 AI models have two phases.
04:42 One phase is used in training and the other is used on the public level.
04:46 During training, these models use a lot of electricity.
04:50 For example, GPT-3 was using 1300 megawatt electricity in an hour during training.
04:58 In contrast, if you watch Netflix for an hour, it uses 0.8 kilowatt electricity.
05:05 That is, if you watch Netflix for 1625,000 hours, you will be able to use the same energy as the electricity used in GPT-3 training.
05:17 This is an old assumption.
05:18 Now the servers of Chet GPT have grown.
05:22 No one knows how big they have grown on the public level.
05:26 But their demand for energy is very high.
05:30 The picture is not complete with the training of AI models.
05:33 When a system is created, it is presented to the users.
05:38 The user uses this system to get the output.
05:42 That is, the user gives a command to find the desired thing.
05:46 After that, the system provides the results.
05:49 Electricity is also used during this process.
05:55 A technology company, Hacking Face and Carnegie Mellon have researched on this.
06:02 How much electricity is used by AI to give a command once?
06:07 Experts tested 88 AI models.
06:10 These models were asked the answers to different things.
06:13 They were asked to identify things.
06:16 Similarly, pictures were made from AI models.
06:18 Energy cost was calculated by using every method 1000 times.
06:24 Electricity was used very little in such tasks in which the answer was in the form of text.
06:30 If we compare it with the example of Netflix,
06:34 the electricity used for text was equal to watching a 9.5 to 9.5 minute clip.
06:41 But if an image is generated, the cost of electricity increases manifold.
06:47 For 1000 inferences of image generation, 2.907 kW of electricity was used per hour.
06:56 You must be thinking that how much electricity is this?
06:59 So we compare it with a smartphone instead of Netflix.
07:04 To charge a smartphone, 0.012 kW of electricity is required.
07:10 So AI model uses as much electricity to generate an image as a smartphone needs to charge.
07:19 AI is not directly increasing electricity consumption.
07:25 It will also affect other internet.
07:28 According to the report of International Energy Agency,
07:31 in 2022, data centers used 460 terawatt electricity.
07:37 Here data centers mean all those things that make the internet.
07:43 It includes all the apps from the internal servers of the companies that cannot be used offline.
07:51 According to the International Energy Agency, electricity demand in 2026 will exceed 460 terawatt and reach from 620 to 1050 terawatt.
08:03 Due to AI, the increase in electricity consumption is alarming.
08:08 A large part of electricity used to power AI is being generated from fossil fuels.
08:14 As a result, carbon emissions are increasing in the environment.
08:19 The world is already very worried about carbon emissions.
08:23 Environmental changes are affecting the world.
08:27 Especially countries like Pakistan are suffering from the worst floods.
08:33 In this case, more carbon emissions will prove deadly for the world.
08:38 So before any further loss, the world will have to go towards clean energy.
08:43 Nuclear fusion generator is a dream of mine, Karan Arjun Iyengar.
08:49 I don't know when it will be made and I don't know if it will be made or not.
08:53 But right now we have the cheapest and easiest source of solar and wind energy.
08:58 It can be used to control many environmental issues.
09:03 China is setting a positive example for the world.
09:07 40% of the world's solar energy is generated by China.
09:13 China's solar energy has reached 511 watts.
09:18 In the next three years, China will start generating 1 terawatt of solar energy.
09:23 In 2023, China will install 217 gigawatt solar power plants.
09:30 America has only been able to generate 175 gigawatt of electricity from solar power.
09:36 That is, China has installed so many solar panels in a year that America has not been able to install in its entire history.
09:42 In addition, China is the largest country to generate electricity from the air.
09:47 At present, 60% of the electricity generated from the air in the world is generated by China.
09:53 Solar and wind are called renewable energy.
09:57 That is, if electricity is generated in this way, carbon is not spent.
10:01 This is beneficial for the environment.
10:03 The rest of the world, including America, also needs to learn from China.
10:07 If the world does not turn to renewable energy, its consequences will be disastrous for the entire humanity.
10:15 That is all for now.
10:20 Stay tuned with Daily Pakistan for more interesting videos.
10:23 (dramatic music)