八点最热报 | 这个星期天，公正党将举行创党25周年大会庆典。当年在烈火莫熄呼声中诞生的公正党，从街头斗争，走进议会斗争，甚至现在还得以组织团结政府，走进布城当家做主。走过25年风风雨雨，烈火莫熄这把火，对我国社会政治又产生怎样深远影响？当年发动烈火莫熄政治改革运动的安华坐上了首相大位，烈火莫熄，reformasi这把火又烧到怎样的程度呢？（主播：萧慧敏）
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00:00 Before watching the video, I remind you that there is more content on the Hotline.
00:04 This Sunday, the Republican Party will hold the 25th anniversary of the founding of the party.
00:10 The Republican Party, which was born in the call of the Flaming West,
00:13 went from street struggles to parliamentary struggles.
00:16 Although once in the 2004 election, under the influence of the new prime minister,
00:20 the Republican Party's power was weakened to only one state.
00:23 But the Flaming West almost went out of control.
00:26 But as the 2008 anti-wind blew, the fire was lit again.
00:32 Even now, it is still able to organize a united government,
00:35 and for the second time, it has entered the city of Bu and is in charge.
00:38 After 25 years of wind and rain,
00:40 how deep has the Flaming West's fire affected our country's social politics?
00:45 Anhua, which launched the Flaming West political movement, became the prime minister.
00:50 How far has the Flaming West's fire burned?
00:55 At the end of the 1980s, the global civil society movement was booming.
01:00 Many Southeast Asian countries, including Indonesia, Thailand, South Korea, and Myanmar,
01:05 experienced the wake of the civil movement at that time.
01:09 After the financial crisis broke out in 1998,
01:12 the 10th Prime Minister Mahathir and the 10th Vice Prime Minister Anhua had differences in their policy.
01:17 The relationship between the two gradually became hot.
01:20 The fact that Anhua was dismissed directly ignited the wave of the Flaming West.
01:25 The former vice president of the Republican Party of China, Cai Tianqiang,
01:29 who was on the front line of the street struggle,
01:32 recalled when he was interviewed by the "Eight O'Clock Sunset" that
01:34 "A financial crisis not only broke the relationship between Mahathir and Anhua,
01:37 but also brought the boundaries of our country to the surface."
01:40 He pointed out that our country was in need of a democratic platform to debate policies,
01:44 which led to political elites.
01:46 Once there was a political conflict, it was a bloody suppression.
01:49 Therefore, Anhua's supporters and those who wanted to change the country's system
01:53 all went to the streets and ignited the Flaming West demonstration.
01:57 Cai Tianqiang, who had just returned from overseas,
02:00 was full of revenge against the country and also joined the movement.
02:04 He hoped that the country could take the path of democracy.
02:07 Political scholar Pan Yongqiang said that
02:09 the Flaming West not only attacked our national politics,
02:11 but also triggered the rise of the Malaysian society and the concept at that time.
02:15 He said that it was also because the Malaysian society began to reflect on the country's system and the future,
02:20 which slowly influenced the non-Malaysian community's perception of the Flaming West and Anhua,
02:25 and eventually evolved into a cross-ethnic social reform movement.
02:29 Another political scholar, Huang Jingfa, pointed out that
02:32 our country did not go through a social turmoil,
02:35 and a street struggle like the Flaming West
02:37 could turn into a parliamentary struggle through the election,
02:41 and even successfully become the head of the ministry after 25 years.
02:44 This proves that Malaysia has a great tolerance
02:48 and is also a mature process.
02:52 Since 1988 and 1989,
02:55 we have seen that the people of Southeast Asia have been rising up for democracy and freedom.
03:01 In fact, Malaysia is a slow-growing mass movement.
03:04 We have seen this democratic wave in Thailand, Korea, Myanmar, and even China.
03:13 After the financial crisis, Malaysia revealed all kinds of problems in our system.
03:19 I was just back from studying abroad at that time,
03:24 so I felt that I needed to contribute a little bit of strength in this historical moment.
03:30 When the Flaming West and Anhua were separated,
03:33 it was a big awakening for university students.
03:36 Our country faced many problems,
03:39 such as corruption, corruption, unfair judicial system, and injustice.
03:45 So under the influence of idealism, we decided to participate in this social movement.
03:51 Especially the biggest mass movement on September 20,
03:56 which was held at the Madagascar Square.
03:59 I was one of the participants in the large-scale movement with 20,000 to 30,000 people.
04:04 There were Malays around me,
04:06 and only a few Chinese were participating in the movement.
04:09 Then those aunts or Malays friends asked,
04:13 "Why are you here? You are Chinese."
04:16 I said, "I care about this country. We need to understand what's going on."
04:21 The Flaming West and Anhua movement 25 years ago
04:28 inspired countless young people from all walks of life to take to the streets.
04:33 They were eager to find a democratic future for their country.
04:36 It also awakened many people's enthusiasm for politics and their interest in the country.
04:40 Political scholar Pan Yongqiang said,
04:43 the Flaming West movement was not only a political movement,
04:46 but also a movement for the people and society.
04:49 One of the leaders of the Flaming West movement,
04:52 former vice-chairman of the ruling party, Cai Tianqiang,
04:55 pointed out that the Flaming West movement was a movement of the Malays.
04:58 The Flaming West movement was initiated in 1998.
05:02 It did create a lot of problems in the Malays,
05:05 especially in the middle class and the young Malays.
05:10 It triggered their reflection on the country's system,
05:13 their re-evaluation of the martial law,
05:17 and their thoughts on the future of the country.
05:20 Through these ideas and concepts,
05:25 the movement slowly generated more political energy.
05:29 The Malays started the Flaming West movement
05:32 and it slowly created a shock to their thoughts and concepts.
05:36 It also affected the non-Malay society and non-Malays.
05:41 The Flaming West movement was re-evaluated
05:44 and the decision-making process of the Flaming West movement was re-evaluated.
05:49 In the end, it became a movement for cross-ethnic social reform.
05:55 But it was also a political struggle for the Malays to form their own political parties.
06:01 We had the English Educators' Movement,
06:05 the Chinese Education Movement,
06:08 the Islamic Religious Reform Movement,
06:11 and the Democratic Movement.
06:13 We fought for the betterment of the Malays' economy.
06:16 We all fought in our own circles.
06:19 We never tried to look at the other side,
06:22 nor did we try to remember.
06:24 We all felt that our own struggles had nothing to do with each other,
06:29 or even conflict.
06:31 So the Flaming West movement was a movement to create a democratic and harmonious Malaysia.
06:38 The Flaming West started from the streets,
06:41 and through parliamentary elections,
06:43 the movement entered the national elections the following year.
06:47 It then took off with the overthrow of the national government.
06:50 Since 2008, the "Restless Alliance" led by the PPP
06:53 has won many seats.
06:55 Now, Simon, who is the head of the Republican Party,
06:58 has joined the "Restless Alliance" after working with other parties.
07:01 He is now the head of the movement,
07:03 and has the power to change the fate of the country.
07:05 The two-time university political scholar,
07:07 Huang Jinfa, said that the Flaming West
07:09 is a good thing for our country
07:11 to be able to enter the national system
07:13 without the outbreak of social unrest.
07:17 And Sheng Zhiqin, the deputy director of the Republican Strategy Bureau,
07:20 who joined the Flaming West because of the political struggle,
07:23 said that the purpose of joining the political party
07:25 was to make a voice,
07:26 and avoid others making decisions for themselves.
07:28 In 1999, there was a national election.
07:31 The national election was very meaningful.
07:33 Because we think that this is a movement
07:35 that must be transformed from a street movement
07:37 into a movement of political system reform.
07:40 It is not just a street movement,
07:42 but also a movement of thinking and protest.
07:45 So at that time, we were called to run for election.
07:48 As for why I joined the Republican Party,
07:50 the majority of the supporters of the Republican Party
07:53 were from the Malays.
07:55 And I think at that time,
07:57 we had to participate in a political reform opportunity.
08:00 That opportunity is that there must be Chinese,
08:03 non-Muslims, or non-Malays to participate,
08:05 and let them know some of our ideas.
08:07 We are very simple,
08:09 musicians are made by the people who are there.
08:12 I think it is a process of national normalization
08:15 and social maturity.
08:17 Why?
08:18 Because there are many forces in society.
08:21 When their interests are suppressed or abused by the state,
08:25 of course there will be resistance.
08:27 The result of the resistance is that
08:29 if the state can tolerate it,
08:31 then they will pass,
08:33 for example, through such an election,
08:35 enter the state system and change the state's wind.
08:38 What we see is this process.
08:40 So this is a good thing.
08:42 Because if you don't take this path,
08:44 you have two possibilities.
08:46 The first is social unrest.
08:48 A comprehensive social unrest,
08:50 because those who are suppressed cannot enter the state system.
08:53 Then you can say that it is a long-term struggle.
08:55 You may have a situation like civil war,
08:57 like terrorism.
08:59 It didn't happen.
09:00 The second situation is that the state may be split.
09:03 That is, everyone goes to one side,
09:05 and we didn't happen.
09:06 So this is a good thing.
09:08 When the people you care about,
09:10 when you think it is a hasty thing,
09:12 one day you can enter the court,
09:14 and the court will be divided.
09:16 This is a good thing.
09:17 This is democracy.
09:18 Political scholar Pan Yongqiang pointed out that
09:24 the long-term monopoly of the regime of the United States led to political corruption.
09:28 Before the outbreak of the "Firework Moscow" movement,
09:30 the Chinese society was already in a state of dissatisfaction.
09:32 Many people expected the country to have the opportunity to reform and transform,
09:35 but there was a lack of a breaking point.
09:37 The "Firework Moscow" movement
09:39 coincided with the popular desire for change in society at the time.
09:43 So it quickly brought this force together.
09:47 And the former vice president of the Communist Party, Cai Tianqiang, also said
09:49 that when he participated in the "Firework Moscow" movement,
09:51 it was not for peace and stability,
09:53 but he hoped to break the political monopoly.
09:56 Because if there is no break in the monopoly,
09:58 then all the ideals of reform are empty talk.
10:00 He believes that the "Firework Moscow" movement
10:02 is not just a movement to support peace and stability,
10:05 but also an event in which society helps peace and stability,
10:07 and it is an opportunity to break the system of concentration.
10:11 As a member of the "Firework Moscow" movement,
10:13 An Hua has been a "prisoner" for 25 years,
10:16 and now he is at the top of his power.
10:19 What role did he play in the past 25 years?
10:21 Remember to stay tuned for tomorrow's "Translating" report.
10:24 Translated by @Furyosawa
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