Naging parte na ang paggamit ng plastic sa pang araw-araw na pamumuhay ng mga Pilipino, pero kasabay nito ang paglala ng isyu sa mismanagement ng plastic waste ng bansa.
Alamin ang lumalalang isyu sa plastic waste mismanagement, ang epekto nito sa kalikasan, sa ating pagkain at ang mga hakbang kung paano ito solusyonan. #DigiDokyu
Alamin ang lumalalang isyu sa plastic waste mismanagement, ang epekto nito sa kalikasan, sa ating pagkain at ang mga hakbang kung paano ito solusyonan. #DigiDokyu
Category
🗞
NewsTranscript
00:00 The daily life of Filipinos is not without its problems with plastic.
00:08 At the same time, the problem of plastic waste mismanagement in the Philippines is also growing.
00:24 This is plastic. I caught this plastic instead of fish.
00:31 Aside from the impacts of plastic on the environment, our environment is also slowly deteriorating.
00:46 And now, the problem of plastic waste in our food is also increasing because of plastic.
00:54 It is possible that we can eat it.
00:57 We often hear that the Philippines is one of the top plastic polluters in the world.
01:03 But there is no concrete data about this according to the University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute.
01:10 If so, how can this be solved?
01:14 With the help of various studies, including artificial intelligence or AI, and other innovative technologies,
01:27 we can collect more data that will help experts to better understand the growing problem of plastic.
01:39 You will also notice that my hand is not detected by AI because I am not plastic.
02:04 Mang Tani, 47 years old, has been fishing in Baseco, Manila for more than two decades.
02:10 This is a net. It is called "laya".
02:23 This is what I use every day.
02:26 After some time, Mang Tani's catch is continuously decreasing.
02:32 I hope I can catch a lot of fish so I can sell them later.
02:38 This small boat is used by Mang Tani for three years.
02:43 He is using it to catch fish.
02:52 Before, how many fish did you catch here?
02:56 A lot. Sometimes, when we catch a lot, we can sell them.
03:02 We can sell them for a lot of money.
03:06 We can sell them for a lot of money.
03:10 We can sell them for a lot of money.
03:14 We can sell them for a lot of money.
03:19 Sometimes, when we catch a lot, we can sell them.
03:46 But after he caught a lot of fish, Mang Tani caught a different fish.
03:51 There.
04:00 I caught a plastic one.
04:03 I caught a plastic one. Instead of a fish, a plastic fish went in my net.
04:15 We caught a lot of fish here.
04:17 When I moved here to my old base, this place is good.
04:23 There's a river and the fish here are caught a lot.
04:28 Now, with the big changes, we can catch a lot of fish.
04:32 When the garbage is polluted in the sea, our boats don't sink.
04:40 Because the plastic bottles are blocking the water.
04:45 We remove them and put them aside so that our fishing won't be affected.
04:50 Mang Tani moved to another place.
04:53 Here, I noticed that he's putting water in his boat.
05:08 I caught a plastic one.
05:13 Garbage again?
05:15 Yes.
05:17 Plastic?
05:19 Despite the difficulty in fishing, Mang Tani catches more garbage.
05:24 That's why he thought of fishing nets as an addition to his income.
05:30 This is the net that is called "mangingisda" for catching fish and mackerel.
05:36 During high tide, the water reaches the bottom of the boat.
05:39 But if you notice, instead of fish and mackerel, only plastic is caught.
05:45 Within 3 hours, he caught only 6 pieces of fish.
05:51 He was able to feed his family.
05:56 According to the World Bank,
06:01 2.7 million metric tons of plastic waste is produced by the Philippines every year.
06:07 20% of it is deposited in our ocean.
06:11 These reports and surveys were published
06:15 to form the Project on Plastic Count Philippines
06:18 by the University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute or UPMSI.
06:24 [Music]
06:30 The Philippines does not have a comprehensive data
06:34 that shows how much plastic we have,
06:37 how much goes to the ocean,
06:39 how much goes to the Philippines' cities.
06:43 That's the goal of Plastic Count Philippines.
06:46 That's why it's called "Plastic Count" or "Count Plastics".
06:50 We start by asking, "How much is it really?"
06:53 "Who are they?" "What kind of people?" "Where do they go?"
06:57 When we understand the story of plastics,
07:00 it tells us how we can help the government and people
07:07 to reduce the use of plastic and reduce the plastic we see.
07:11 This is food packaging.
07:14 And then, this is red food packaging.
07:20 This is a mesh.
07:21 And then, plastic bags.
07:24 So far, from this precious beach, which is 30 meters,
07:27 the food packages are the most.
07:30 These are food sachets.
07:32 And then, followed by plastic bags and thick plastic wraps.
07:37 Surprisingly, there are no beverage bottles here.
07:40 Maybe because they are recycling because they are cleaning and the time is running out.
07:44 [Music]
07:47 [Waves crashing]
07:49 For microplastic analysis,
07:54 they get sediment samples or sand using random sampling.
07:59 In their scientific studies,
08:02 they have manual counting and get samples from different parts of the Philippines.
08:08 Their team often goes to the sea to get more diverse samples.
08:16 This time, we got water samples from the shallow parts of Manila Bay.
08:21 [Waves crashing]
08:24 "Even just one sandbox, especially for a place like Manila Bay, you can find microplastics."
08:30 [Waves crashing]
08:33 From Manila Bay, we headed to Bolinao, Pangasinan.
08:44 Here are other researchers of UP-MSI who are focused on studying microplastics.
08:49 [Music]
08:52 We will get water samples using this jar.
09:03 Then, we will sieve it in a container.
09:07 We eliminate the larger plastics from the sieves.
09:13 "But why do we need to get it from the deep sea?"
09:16 "Because the sea is not static.
09:19 The particles floating in the sea are not permanently there."
09:24 [Music]
09:26 We brought the water samples to the microquib facility
09:30 or Microplastics Quantification, Identification, and Biodegradation Facility.
09:36 "We have samples from the field, from Manila Bay and Bolinao."
09:42 In the first microplastic analysis process,
09:45 the water samples will be filtered one by one.
09:48 "We will see the filter.
09:53 After that, we will get the filter paper."
09:57 After the filtration,
10:03 chemical solutions will be added to the samples
10:07 to dissolve the organic matter.
10:11 "Our purpose is to get rid of the plastics."
10:14 They use the Nile-red stain method for microplastic analysis.
10:20 "Nile-red stain is a lipophilic dye
10:23 that is capable of absorbing onto the hydrophobic surface of plastics.
10:28 This helps to identify plastics and non-plastics."
10:34 For the final microplastic analysis process,
10:37 the imaging system is used.
10:40 The sample from Manila Bay is first inserted into the imaging system.
10:45 "We can see that the color is bright.
10:50 This means that these are our microplastics.
10:54 The possible source of these are fishing nets.
10:57 We can also see that there are only dark colors.
11:00 These are the non-plastic materials."
11:05 The next sample from Bolinao is examined.
11:09 "Here, we can see the tiny microplastics.
11:14 This is just to say that plastic pollution is happening in our ocean.
11:22 We should be aware that its effect on our marine environment is crucial,
11:31 especially for our marine organisms."
11:35 [Music]
11:41 Here in Bolinao, I met Larry.
11:45 27 years old.
11:48 He has been diving for a decade.
11:52 Like fishermen in Manila,
11:55 he is slowly noticing the increase of plastic pollution.
12:01 "Plastic, seawater, and garbage
12:07 are the main sources of pollution.
12:14 There are times when the ocean is very dirty,
12:17 and we cannot go down to the sea or swim in the sea."
12:21 "It is also scary because we will lose our livelihood.
12:25 We will have nothing to eat.
12:28 We will not be able to support our family if this happens."
12:31 [Music]
12:43 Larry's first sightings show that his target fish are still alive.
12:49 [Music]
12:57 "He caught a fish. What kind of fish is that?"
12:59 "It's a sea bass. It's a big one."
13:02 "Can we eat it?"
13:04 "Yes, you can."
13:06 The next time he goes diving, his target fish is plastic.
13:10 "I saw a plastic fish today."
13:12 "What will you do with the plastic fish?"
13:14 "I will put it in the fish tank.
13:16 I will put it in the trash when I go to the shore."
13:24 But even though he does not give up,
13:27 he noticed a plastic bottle.
13:30 [Sound of water]
13:33 "This is the most plastic bottle we have."
13:36 "This is the next one he caught here in the sea.
13:39 I was looking at the water earlier,
13:41 and it looks like this place is clean.
13:43 It is surprising that there is still a plastic bottle here."
13:48 [Sound of water]
13:54 [Sound of helicopter]
14:01 [Music]
14:05 Aside from the weakening of life and the destruction of nature,
14:09 the problem with plastic is also reaching the food.
14:15 [Music]
14:21 Based on the study of UPMSI,
14:24 there are microplastics in the seafood we eat.
14:29 "Plastic, when it is lost in the sea,
14:32 it is attached to different kinds of small organisms,
14:35 or it is called "lumot."
14:37 "Lumot" is a natural food for fish.
14:39 And among the fish we see,
14:41 even in the most remote places,
14:44 there are still people who are positive about microplastics.
14:46 So, the pollution is that widespread.
14:49 About 200 to 300 fish tested
14:52 from different parts of the Philippines.
14:54 100% or all of them are positive.
14:57 So, it means that all the fish
15:00 that came from different parts of the Philippines
15:02 have microplastics.
15:04 And we have already intaked it, right?
15:06 And that is what is important.
15:08 So, at the end of the day,
15:10 what we throw back to us also returns.
15:13 [Music]
15:14 To speed up the study of plastic,
15:18 the Plastic Count Philippines
15:21 is also using other innovative technologies,
15:24 like artificial intelligence or AI.
15:27 The AI we use is called
15:29 the Convolutional Neural Network,
15:31 which is basically an artificial model of the brain.
15:33 It is difficult to count manually.
15:35 So, what we want is to just image the input,
15:38 and then the AI will be in charge of counting
15:41 and classifying the plastics that we see.
15:43 [Music]
15:50 First thing that we will do
15:52 to standardize all measurements
15:55 is to lay a transit line of 30 meters.
15:57 So, the middle transit line
16:01 will be the basis for the two other transit lines.
16:04 So, 30 meters there,
16:06 and then we will measure 2 meters to the right,
16:08 2 meters to the left,
16:10 and then another 30 meters.
16:11 The drone uses it to capture images and videos
16:14 that will be analyzed by the AI software.
16:17 I'll just control the camera
16:19 by directly pointing downward,
16:21 and then I'll increase the height to 6 meters.
16:23 6 meters is the standard height
16:25 that is used to capture images and videos.
16:29 [Music]
16:38 The AI is also deployed here in the webcam.
16:40 So, whatever the webcam sees,
16:42 that is what the AI detects.
16:44 So, if we notice this,
16:46 for example, this is my hand, it's live,
16:48 this is not magic,
16:50 this is the bottle that it detects,
16:52 bottle tube,
16:54 we also have rope or pipe,
16:56 cutlery, it also detects this spoon here,
16:58 and then we have wrapper.
17:00 You will also notice that the AI also does not detect my hand
17:02 because I am not plastic.
17:04 The moment of truth.
17:07 It detects that I am not plastic.
17:08 So, I am not plastic.
17:10 Congratulations!
17:12 Only plastic can be detected by the AI.
17:14 Those who collect the data
17:16 can access the Plastic Count Philippines portal.
17:19 Here, you can see the different types of plastics
17:22 from 128 sampling stations
17:25 from 11 provinces across the Philippines.
17:29 On the Plastics Tracker website,
17:31 you can also choose the scope,
17:33 category, and location.
17:36 When you go to Manila Bay,
17:37 the biggest problem we have
17:39 is the garbage that comes from the commercial industry
17:42 and the food industry.
17:44 These are the packaging.
17:46 But when you go to Palawan,
17:48 the biggest and most common type of garbage
17:50 that goes to Pangpang is fishing-related.
17:52 We are told that
17:54 our approach in Manila
17:56 may not apply in Palawan.
17:58 That is really our goal.
18:00 We are trying to help in crafting policies
18:02 from the national to the local level.
18:06 The group hopes that
18:07 once the context of plastic pollution
18:09 in local communities is understood,
18:12 the solutions and strategies
18:14 that the government will implement
18:16 will be more effective
18:18 in combining plastic waste management
18:20 in different parts of the country.
18:22 From the Plastic Count,
18:24 we are now going to Plastizen.
18:26 It means that we believe
18:28 that citizen science can actually contribute
18:30 in producing the data
18:32 and later in solving problems.
18:35 Aside from the government,
18:36 Plastic Count Philippines
18:38 has also partnered
18:40 with other non-profit organizations
18:42 and private companies
18:44 for additional data collection.
18:46 The circular explorer
18:48 is now included
18:50 in cleaning and collecting
18:52 garbage in Manila Bay.
18:54 Solar-powered sea vessels
18:56 with sensors and microplastic collectors
18:58 from Germany
19:00 have also arrived in Manila.
19:03 For Daniel,
19:04 the role of the rich country
19:06 is important
19:08 in solving the problems
19:10 of the ocean.
19:12 He is now a member
19:14 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:16 He is now a member
19:18 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:20 He is now a member
19:22 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:24 He is now a member
19:26 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:28 He is now a member
19:30 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:32 He is now a member
19:33 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:35 He is now a member
19:37 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:39 He is now a member
19:41 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:43 He is now a member
19:45 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:47 He is now a member
19:49 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:51 He is now a member
19:53 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:55 He is now a member
19:57 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
19:59 He is now a member
20:01 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:02 He is now a member
20:04 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:06 He is now a member
20:08 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:10 He is now a member
20:12 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:14 He is now a member
20:16 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:18 He is now a member
20:20 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:22 He is now a member
20:24 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:26 He is now a member
20:28 of the Plastic Count Philippines.
20:30 When it comes to this kind of problem,
20:31 When it comes to this kind of problem,
20:33 we are happy that it is a force for good
20:35 in a sense that you can see
20:37 that the local community
20:39 is a part of the solution.
20:41 For a fisherman like Mangdani
20:52 who relies on the rich sea,
20:55 collecting garbage here
20:57 is a small thing.
20:59 is a small thing.
21:00 If this is what will bring
21:02 the old liveliness of his life back.
21:04 If this is what will bring
21:06 the old liveliness of his life back.
21:08 This is from the sea.
21:10 This is from the sea.
21:12 This is from the sea.
21:14 I am from the sea.
21:21 I am from the sea.
21:23 6 kilos.
21:25 1 kilo of fish.
21:28 54.
21:29 6 kilos.
21:31 I bought food.
21:33 When I see the plastic,
21:38 I think there is a lot of garbage.
21:40 I hope that there will be no more garbage
21:42 thrown in the sea
21:44 so that our ocean will look good.
21:46 So that the fish will increase again.
21:48 So that we will not have a hard time
21:50 like me fishing.
21:52 We will have a hard time if we are not caught.
21:54 If there is no garbage in the sea,
21:57 we will turn off the tap
21:58 and stop the problem.
22:00 and stop the problem.
22:02 As long as there is a producer
22:04 and as long as there is a user,
22:06 there can be a problem.
22:08 there can be a problem.
22:10 This is the plastic pollution.
22:12 I am Lilian Tiburcio
22:22 for the DG-Docu of GMA Integrated News.
22:25 for the DG-Doc of GMA Integrated News.
22:26 for the DG-Doc of GMA Integrated News.
22:28 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:30 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:32 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:33 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:34 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:35 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:36 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:37 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:38 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:39 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:40 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:41 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:42 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:43 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:44 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:45 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:46 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:47 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:48 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:49 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
22:50 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
23:14 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
23:22 For more information, visit www.gma.gov
23:28 [MUSIC]