Découvertes accidentelles que vous n’avez jamais entendues (mais que vous devriez connaître !)

Sympa

Saviez-vous qu'il existe des découvertes accidentelles totalement folles dont vous n'avez probablement jamais entendu parler ? Tout d'abord, il y a le lith de l'énigme de Williams, une roche étrange trouvée avec un connecteur électrique qui pourrait provenir d'une ancienne civilisation - parlez de technologie ancienne ! Ensuite, les scientifiques ont découvert par hasard des mammifères bioluminescents, comme des créatures qui brillent dans le noir, changeant totalement ce que nous pensions des éclairages. Et qui pourrait oublier la découverte accidentelle des Corn Flakes de Kellogg ? Oui, ces délicieux flocons de petit déjeuner étaient en fait une invention due à une tentative de faire du granola. C'est fou comme certaines des choses les plus cool proviennent des endroits les plus inattendus !  Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00 In 1968, a chemist named Spencer Silver was working for a company.

00:05 His task was to create a new adhesive that was strong and powerful.

00:09 It had to be much better than anything available at the time.

00:13 After a lot of experimentation, Spencer ended up with an adhesive that stuck,

00:18 but which was also easy to remove.

00:20 At that moment, he probably felt like he had failed.

00:24 But he didn't know he was going to change the history of adhesive notes forever.

00:28 He created the Post-It.

00:30 Cornflakes were also created by accident.

00:37 Dr. Kellogg experimented with various cereals.

00:40 It's a bit vague when it comes to determining the exact moment

00:43 when Kellogg's cornflakes were invented.

00:46 Several family members and Sanatorium employees

00:49 claim the paternity of the creation.

00:51 According to the company's history, in 1898,

00:55 a cereal dough made from wheat was accidentally left aside for a long time.

01:01 This caused the dough to ferment.

01:03 It was then spread out in thin sheets and cooked.

01:06 The slightly moldy dough produced large, thin flakes

01:10 that were crispy and tasty.

01:13 Over time, it was discovered that corn produced even crispier flakes than wheat.

01:19 By 1909, Will's company produced 120,000 boxes of cornflakes a day.

01:25 Some kitchen appliances were also created by chance.

01:31 Percy Spencer was an engineer working on radar equipment.

01:35 One ordinary day, while he was working,

01:37 he happened to have a bar of chocolate in the pocket of his jacket.

01:40 At some point, it started to melt.

01:43 It made him think.

01:45 Could it be the microwaves from the radar's magnetron that caused it?

01:49 To test his theory, he took a few corn kernels

01:52 and, one by one, looked at them and burst.

01:55 In a blink of an eye, Percy developed the very first microwave oven

01:59 that was put on the market in 1946.

02:02 It's incredible how a melted chocolate bar

02:05 led to the invention of something that revolutionized cooking.

02:08 In 1938, there was a chemist named Roy Plunkett.

02:13 He was trying to develop a new type of refrigerant,

02:16 something unexpected for his products.

02:18 By playing with gas, he noticed that it was turning into a solid and syrupy substance.

02:24 This accident led to the creation of polytetrafluoroethylene,

02:28 or what we now call Teflon.

02:30 We thank him for the pans in our kitchens.

02:33 However, this material is actually used in various industries.

02:37 I mean, it is even used as a protective coating on space ships.

02:43 Another huge discovery was made in 1921.

02:47 Two scientists managed to isolate the insulin in a dog's pancreas.

02:52 This marked a turning point in the treatment of diabetes.

02:55 This problem has existed for a very long time, more than 3,000 years.

02:59 The oldest recording we have is in a papyrus manuscript dating from 1500 BC.

03:05 Now, let's go back to insulin and pancreas.

03:08 In the 19th century, an experiment was carried out to remove all the pancreas from a dog.

03:14 These dogs developed severe diabetes, just like humans.

03:19 This was a surprise because, at the time,

03:22 scientists thought that pancreas had nothing to do with diabetes.

03:27 Meanwhile, the first antibiotic in the world also appeared by pure chance.

03:32 In 1928, bacteriologist Alexander Fleming came back from vacation.

03:37 He realized that he had forgotten to clean one of the plates he used in the laboratory.

03:43 He discovered mold growing on this forgotten plate.

03:46 It turned out that the mold had involuntarily contaminated the dish.

03:50 When the scientist looked closer,

03:52 he noticed that the area around the mold was completely free of bacteria.

03:57 He called his discovery "penicillin",

03:59 according to the species of Penicillium notatum mushroom.

04:02 Today, penicillin is the most commonly used antibiotic in the world.

04:07 A pharmacist named John Walker was conducting chemical experiments

04:13 when he accidentally scratched a tinned stick.

04:16 To his great surprise, the stick caught fire.

04:19 This gave Walker an idea.

04:21 In 1827, he began to sell friction matches in his pharmacy.

04:26 Walker's matches were cardboard sticks

04:29 coated with potassium chloride and antimony sulfur.

04:32 They caught fire when they were rubbed against glass paper.

04:36 Walker's invention quickly gained popularity.

04:39 But he made an unusual choice.

04:41 He did not patent it.

04:43 As a result, others copied his design and began to sell their version.

04:47 Over time, they eclipsed his role as an original inventor.

04:51 Unfortunately for his survivor,

04:53 he did not receive recognition as the creator of the first friction match.

04:57 Some accidental inventions can be as small as a matchbox.

05:02 And others can be as big as a ship.

05:05 In 1982, near Cache, in southern Turkey,

05:09 a sponge diver came across something incredible.

05:13 It was an ancient wreck from the late 14th century BC.

05:17 He first discovered a few objects

05:19 and described them as "metal biscuits with ears".

05:25 Interestingly, experts later identified these objects as "oxygen lingots".

05:32 This discovery aroused the excitement of archaeologists.

05:36 They sent a team to investigate more on the site of the wreck.

05:40 Over the next decade, 11 expeditions took place, each for a few months.

05:46 The divers made more than 22,000 dives during this period.

05:52 They discovered an extraordinary collection of artifacts from the Bronze Age.

05:57 The ship itself was about 10 meters long.

06:00 The most likely route of the ship was from Cyprus or Syria, to Greece.

06:05 Its mission was to deliver goods.

06:07 Among the cargoes, there were tons of copper and lingots,

06:11 as well as gold and silver jewels, tools and various edible goods.

06:17 Today, you can see the incredible artifacts of the wreck

06:20 at the Baudrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology.

06:23 They even rebuilt the ship.

06:26 In 2017, something unusual happened in Portugal.

06:33 A man discovered what is probably the largest skeleton of a dinosaur in Europe.

06:39 He was working on constructions in his garden,

06:42 when he came across fossilized bone fragments.

06:45 A team of researchers started working.

06:48 It was rare to find massive dinosaur bones so well preserved.

06:52 They even found all the ribs still in their original anatomical positions.

06:56 This dino was part of a species that traveled the Earth about 100 million years ago.

07:02 There could be other parts of the dinosaur skeleton nearby.

07:06 This means that the experts must continue to dig.

07:12 Speaking of people discovering incredible things in their garden,

07:16 we should look at Berinkuyu.

07:19 This place is located in Turkey, in Cappadocia.

07:22 This place is known for its striking chimneys and its colorful hills.

07:26 There is also a hidden city that has been hidden for centuries.

07:30 This underground structure extends over 85 meters below the surface.

07:35 It has a complex labyrinth of 18 levels of tunnels.

07:39 It is the most widely excavated underground city in the world.

07:43 Its history is also very rich.

07:45 It changed hands, from the Persians to the Byzantines.

07:48 The city was a sanctuary for up to 20,000 people,

07:52 providing shelter for prolonged periods.

07:55 This amazing discovery did not take place until 1963.

07:59 A local resident stumbled upon the place while looking for his lost hens.

08:04 When he renovated his house, his hens continued to disappear into a new space.

08:09 After a thorough examination and some digging, the man discovered a hidden tunnel.

08:14 It was only the beginning.

08:15 More than 600 similar entrances were discovered later.

08:19 The Hittites were often credited with building the oldest levels.

08:24 Today, we think that the Phrygians, skilled architects of the Iron Age,

08:28 played a significant role in the expansion of the underground city.

08:34 Finally, there is a natural medicine called quinine,

08:38 which comes from the bark of the tree in Kinkina.

08:41 People have been using it to fight malaria since the 16th century.

08:45 Legend has it that an indigenous man may have started using it even earlier.

08:51 History tells that a man with a severe fever got lost in the jungle.

08:56 He must have drunk water from a pond surrounded by trees, in Kina Kina.

09:00 He thought he was poisoned, but surprisingly, he recovered.

09:05 After that, his whole village started using the bark of Kina Kina.

09:09 Malaria is still a major concern today.

09:12 People have tried to make quinine in laboratories because it is very useful.

09:17 In 1820, some scientists discovered how to obtain quinine from the bark of Kinkina.

09:23 However, it took more than 100 years for the chemists to obtain the exact chemical structure of quinine.

09:30 It was a breakthrough in the world of chemistry.

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