Basics of English literature in hindi
#basics #englishliterature
#hindhi #Irfanmangrio
#hindhi #Irfanmangrio
Transcript
00:00If you are unfamiliar with a subject that you have never studied in the past,
00:05and you want to know more about that subject,
00:08then it is a good idea to understand the basics of that subject.
00:12English literature is a very beautiful subject in the world.
00:17It is believed that it contains stories and poems that entertain us.
00:21So today we will talk about the basics of English literature.
00:25Now you will say, what is there to know about the basics of English literature?
00:28Friends, literature has been a source of entertainment for a long time.
00:32But today it is also written for learning purposes.
00:35There are a lot of forms in it.
00:37There are a lot of things that we should know.
00:40In today's video, we will understand the basics of English literature.
00:44For children who do not have a background in English literature,
00:47especially this video is for those children.
00:50And whoever is watching this video, who wants to understand the basics.
00:54Because a lot of people have these questions in their minds.
00:57What will we be taught in this?
01:00Where should we start to understand the basics?
01:03So friends, first of all, we will be taught English literature here.
01:09Literature is very big here.
01:12I am talking about English literature.
01:14It can be of any country.
01:16Whatever literature is written in English,
01:19Not just England, Australia, America, Canada, Africa, China, Japan, India.
01:24Wherever there is a novel, poem, drama, essay in English.
01:28Short story, non-fiction, fiction, autobiography.
01:33Anything that is classic.
01:35It should be taught, so that people get value.
01:38That will be called English literature.
01:40Did you understand?
01:42The things I told you, novel, poem, drama, essay, short story.
01:46These are all main streams.
01:48Which you have to read.
01:50When you take English literature subject.
01:52Now there are different forms in these streams.
01:55Like poetry.
01:57Like you read poetry.
01:59It looks like a normal poetry from the outside.
02:02When people outside say that poetry is poetry.
02:05What happens in poetry?
02:07But friends, if you read from the point of view of literature,
02:09There are different forms in it.
02:11Like one poetry is lyric poetry.
02:14Which is written like a song.
02:16It is a short poem.
02:18It is written so that it should be sung.
02:21People who read it should sing it.
02:23Whereas ode is a little long.
02:26And it is written to glorify something.
02:29One poetry is elegy.
02:31Which is written on someone's death.
02:33To cry, to mourn.
02:35One is ballad, which has a story.
02:38Ballad has a special story.
02:40Sonnet, which is small like a lyric.
02:43But it is always written in 14 lines.
02:46There is a rule for this too.
02:48Epic, which has a story.
02:51But it is a story based on myths.
02:54Like we can call Mahabharata an epic.
02:57If you are reading any poem.
02:59It is very important for you to know its form.
03:01As a literature student.
03:02It looks like a poem from the outside.
03:04But you should know the form.
03:06You have to know the form.
03:08So that if you write further.
03:10Or understand or teach.
03:12Then you know the form.
03:13Let's talk about the next stream, drama.
03:16Drama is a very big and old stream.
03:19Poetry is older than this.
03:22But drama is also not a less old stream.
03:24This is a thing which is not fun to read privately.
03:27In fact, it should be performed in front of the audience.
03:30There are dialogues in it.
03:32Just like screenplay writing in movies.
03:37Each character is given his own dialogues.
03:39And it is performed in front of the audience.
03:43Dramas are also of different types.
03:46Tragedy, comedy, tragic comedy.
03:49Melodrama, mask.
03:51All these things are drama.
03:53Domestic drama, theater of absurd.
03:56All these forms and types are also included in drama.
04:00So we have to understand the type of drama.
04:02What type of drama is written.
04:04Let's talk about prose.
04:06So prose can be non-fiction or fictional.
04:10First, let's talk about non-fictional prose.
04:13In which long prose works, essays, periodicals,
04:18biography, autobiography, memoirs are included.
04:22In non-fictional prose, real people and places are discussed.
04:27Real objects, real events are discussed.
04:32These are all forms of prose.
04:34Essays, biographies, autobiographies, memoirs.
04:38Many children have studied in schools like this.
04:41So there is not much to say about it.
04:44You have to keep in mind that prose is of two types.
04:48If I talk about fictional prose,
04:50then fictional prose is novel.
04:53I read the name novel because it was a new thing in the market.
04:59Because earlier drama and poetry were popular.
05:02But things like novels did not exist in the market.
05:06Many intellectuals came up with the idea
05:08that a story should be presented in a different way.
05:12If there are more facts, it does not look like a story.
05:17If we write like this, it looks more like philosophy.
05:21Or if we use more meters, it becomes poetry.
05:27Narrative poetry, which is not understood by everyone.
05:30And there are many restrictions in drama.
05:32And not everyone can perform it.
05:34So a new thing was needed.
05:36That's why the name of the new thing was novel.
05:40New thing.
05:41In this, both fictional and non-fictional prose are written.
05:46But mostly fictional prose is written in it.
05:49In this, something is tried to teach through a story.
05:54Now there are different types and forms of this too.
05:57Like historical novel,
05:59Pekarask novel,
06:00science fiction,
06:01biographical,
06:02autobiographical,
06:03gothic novel,
06:05novel written in stream of consciousness,
06:07realistic novel,
06:08magical realism novel.
06:10Friends, a novel is also a type of prose.
06:14Now let's talk about another type of prose.
06:18Novels are not that long.
06:21They are short.
06:22We call it short story.
06:24In this, an event is told.
06:26A story is told.
06:28By making it a little spicy.
06:31By creating a little suspense.
06:33So that everyone can read it.
06:35Let's talk about another type of prose.
06:37Which is called criticism.
06:39This is the thing that is written to examine an art.
06:44Once the work is written,
06:47then it will be examined.
06:49And it will be told what were the shortcomings and advantages of this work.
06:53That is called criticism.
06:55So these were all the streams of literature.
06:58Apart from reading all these,
07:00you should definitely read literary terms.
07:03These terms are such things
07:05through which we get a clearer explanation of literature.
07:09Lastly, we should start with history.
07:12History of English literature.
07:15In which you get to know the social, political, cultural background.
07:19And more things become clear.
07:22So in this video, I gave you a clear, brief overview
07:26of what English literature is.
07:28And what is taught in it.
07:30I hope you will get some help from this video.
07:32That's all for today's video.