Efektivitas Pembatasan Impor Lindungi Industri Tekstil
Industri tekstil dan produk tekstil (TPT) nasional masih mengalami kontraksi. Pemerintah pun melakukan berbagai upaya untuk menyelamatkan industri TPT dari keterpurukan.
Sekretaris Direktorat Jenderal Industri Kimia, Farmasi, dan Tekstil Kementerian Perindustrian (Kemenperin) Kris Sasono Ngudi Wibowo mengatakan, salah satu penyebab utama masalah di industri TPT adalah maraknya produk-produk tekstil impor yang seringkali berupa barang ilegal.
Sebagai upaya penyelamatan, Kemenperin telah bersurat kepada Kementerian Keuangan (Kemenkeu) untuk merumuskan kebijakan pengamanan beberapa komoditas, termasuk TPT, melalui instrumen Bea Masuk Antidumping (BMAD) dan Bea Masuk Tindak Pengamanan (BMTP).
Pengenaan BMAD dan BMTP diharapkan dapat menekan angka impor produk TPT ilegal sekaligus menggerakan kembali utilisasi industri TPT nasional, sehingga risiko pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) tenaga kerja juga bisa berkurang.
Sekretaris Direktorat Jenderal Industri Kimia, Farmasi, dan Tekstil Kementerian Perindustrian (Kemenperin) Kris Sasono Ngudi Wibowo mengatakan, salah satu penyebab utama masalah di industri TPT adalah maraknya produk-produk tekstil impor yang seringkali berupa barang ilegal.
Sebagai upaya penyelamatan, Kemenperin telah bersurat kepada Kementerian Keuangan (Kemenkeu) untuk merumuskan kebijakan pengamanan beberapa komoditas, termasuk TPT, melalui instrumen Bea Masuk Antidumping (BMAD) dan Bea Masuk Tindak Pengamanan (BMTP).
Pengenaan BMAD dan BMTP diharapkan dapat menekan angka impor produk TPT ilegal sekaligus menggerakan kembali utilisasi industri TPT nasional, sehingga risiko pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) tenaga kerja juga bisa berkurang.
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TVTranscript
00:00The government continues to push policies that can protect the domestic industry, especially the textile industry,
00:13textile products, or OTPs, which are increasingly in danger of bankruptcy due to the threat of the PHK wave.
00:20The head of the Ministry of Finance's Fiscal Policy Department, Febriw Knaten Kacaribu,
00:24has assured that the government has placed a number of industrial protections on the import of textile products,
00:29one of which is the implementation of anti-dumping policies against the import of certain domestic textile products,
00:34such as the payment of anti-dumping fees for polyester clothing products,
00:38and then for yarn products, which will be valid until 2026.
00:43Meanwhile, the Ministry of Industry supports the planning of a revision of Article 8 of 2024 on the import policy.
00:56According to the spokesman of the Ministry of Industry, Febriw Henry Antony,
00:59his party is ready to coordinate with the Ministry of Trade to implement the rules for the continuation of the textile industry,
01:07such as footwear, bags, and bags.
01:09Febriw admitted that his party has met with the Ministry of Finance
01:14to discuss security measures against the textile industry and textile products.
01:21We need to consult with the Ministry of Trade to discuss the progress of these policies,
01:28especially those related to Article 8.
01:31There are many subsectors related to it, such as textiles, footwear, bags, cosmetics, ceramics, electronics, and taxes.
01:43We will be ready to coordinate with the Ministry of Trade.
01:49Just like the Director-General of the IKFT,
01:54we have met with the Director-General of the IKFT to discuss security measures against the textile industry and the TPP industry.
02:04We have already stated that the textile industry is the only industry that has undergone contraction.
02:13We have also seen their perception of the company's expectations for the next six months.
02:22Thank you for discussing our topic this time, the effectiveness of import restrictions to protect the textile industry.
02:28We have been connected via Zoom with Mr. Danang Girindrawardana.
02:33He is the Executive Director of the Indonesian Textile Association, or API.
02:38Hello, good morning, Mr. Danang.
02:46Hello, still on mute, Mr. Danang.
02:50Good morning, Mr. Danang.
02:52Good morning, Mr. Danang.
02:53Good morning, Salam.
02:55Thank you for your time.
02:57We are still waiting for you to join us, Mr. Leku Rifki, from the LPM, the Faculty of Economics and Business, the University of Indonesia.
03:03Let's just review the real conditions of the textile industry and national textile products today.
03:09How have the government's efforts impacted?
03:14Related to energy, productivity, etc.
03:18Yes, actually, the textile industry, if we can't say it's not moving forward, it's actually stagnant.
03:27Since the last three years, it has been stagnant.
03:30Indeed, due to COVID-19 and the situation is also not improving due to international tensions,
03:36the demand has dropped from countries that usually buy textile garments from Indonesia.
03:44The demand has dropped.
03:47And the situation has not improved to this day.
03:51And we see the efforts that we are making to find new traditional markets in Southeast Asia have not been successful.
04:04Well, this international situation is what caused many garment and textile industries to collapse.
04:12Because 80% of our industries are export-oriented.
04:17And those are mostly large companies.
04:21Well, the problem is that stagnancy also occurs due to the complexity of our domestic market.
04:28Most of it, 48% of the textile and garment industries, especially among SMEs and SMEs, consume domestically.
04:38Well, our domestic market is very boring with so many products from other countries, foreign countries,
04:47that enter Indonesia very freely and almost without income, without income.
04:54So, the competitiveness of our domestic products is also not improving in our own country, in our own country.
05:02Well, we hope this situation can be improved.
05:07Who else if we don't ask for protection from the government, sir?
05:12That's right. Well, based on the reports that have been done by friends of the Textile Association,
05:17where do you see the most crucial problem and is it still the same from year to year,
05:23even though various efforts have been made?
05:26Yes, this is the same problem.
05:28Two years ago, we asked for a safeguard extension.
05:31We asked for a safeguard extension for textile, cotton, and all that.
05:36So that the goods that enter Indonesia are protected.
05:42Don't head-to-head with unfair comparisons.
05:47Remember that other countries can produce goods much cheaper,
05:51because the machines may be more efficient.
05:54And as said by Mrs. Sebulani, there is a potential dumping from China
05:59because they produce goods that enter Indonesia with a very cheap price index,
06:05so it's almost illogical.
06:07Well, this happened two years ago.
06:10And we have asked the government through the Ministry of Finance
06:15to extend the safeguard.
06:18Well, maybe he's busy, so he hasn't thought about it yet.
06:24And recently, we heard that he will release the safeguard extension soon.
06:30Well, this is a new hope for us.
06:33So that at least the imported goods that enter Indonesia
06:38have a non-tariff barrier or a tariff barrier,
06:44which ultimately creates a healthy investment climate in our country.
06:48There is fair play in our rules.
06:52If not, we will continue to struggle with such products.
06:55Well, other countries do the same thing,
06:59but Indonesia is very open.
07:02For example, India.
07:04We want to export our goods to India.
07:06Textiles are also strong, but they also need goods from Indonesia.
07:11Well, for us to export there, we have to go through a very complicated procedure.
07:15It's much more complicated than they enter Indonesia.
07:19Well, this is not balanced.
07:21Well, if we have a safeguard orientation to the domestic industry,
07:26then the restrictive policy products
07:30for imported goods to enter Indonesia
07:34must be released immediately.
07:37Don't delay it any longer.
07:38Later, there will be a lot of bankrupt, then it will be released.
07:42Well, that's it.
07:43But the condition now is that there are a lot of work-related decisions.
07:48We know that the textile industry has been challenged to stop production and so on.
07:52Meanwhile, you have asked for it in the previous two years.
07:55And two years have passed.
07:57What are the consequences that must be done?
08:01Will the government be stronger when it comes to laws, for example,
08:05for safeguards and so on?
08:06Or how?
08:07Remember, there are a lot of industries that have declined.
08:10Well, we have lost about 26 large textile factories in Indonesia
08:18over the past two years.
08:20And a lot happened in 2023.
08:23And there are 7-8 more,
08:26so that about 37-36 of our factories will stop operating.
08:33Well, this is one of the things we need.
08:37So, the policy is indeed slower than the actual events.
08:42Yes, the situation is like that.
08:44It's impossible for the policy to react very quickly
08:47because this is a bureaucracy delay
08:49or a bureaucracy limitation to understand the actual situation
08:53that is happening in our business world,
08:55not just the textile sector.
08:57But we hope that the government will have enough time
09:04at the end of Mr. President Jokowi's term
09:08to rectify the situation.
09:10We understand that in 2023,
09:13which was a political year,
09:14we understand that the government's attention
09:18to manage the voters well
09:22and the transition of power will also happen soon.
09:29We understand that the attention to the textile industry will decrease.
09:32But on the other hand, we still have 3-4 months ahead
09:36in the era of the government of Mr. President Jokowi and his cabinet.
09:39Well, this is one of our potentials to improve.
09:433-4 months is not long.
09:47Make the most of it to really regulate,
09:53re-regulate the rules
09:57related to the textile industry and the labor market in general.
10:01Because this industry is a very sexy industry.
10:04Since the era of Mr. Harto,
10:08it's an industry that was really developed
10:12until the Ministry of Textile.
10:17But now it's gone.
10:19So this has become a systematic decrease
10:29of the textile industry in our economic contribution.
10:33Well, I want to say that
10:36if this situation is not improved in the next 3-4 months,
10:40there will still be a risk of 7-8 corporations falling.
10:45And that is dangerous for the labor force.
10:52They won't have jobs.
10:55There will be tens of thousands of people.
10:58In addition, from 2022-2023,
11:01we have lost almost 120,000 people.
11:04Until recently,
11:0613,000 people were forced to lose their jobs
11:10because their businesses stopped.
11:12Not just efficiency.
11:14Okay, Mr. Denang.
11:15So in about 3-4 months,
11:18as you said,
11:19can we expect that the safeguards that will be implemented
11:24will be quite effective or not
11:26with the flood of textile products from abroad?
11:29We will discuss this in the next segment.
11:30Mr. Denang, we will stop for a moment.
11:32And our audience will be right back after this.
11:50Thank you for joining us in Market Review.
11:53In the next segment,
11:54we will share data for you
11:56about the country that imports clothes in Indonesia.
11:59Data for the first quarter of 2024.
12:02Okay, as you can see on your TV screen,
12:05China still dominates the country that imports clothes to Indonesia.
12:1139%.
12:12Then followed by Vietnam, 14%.
12:15Bangladesh, 10%.
12:16Turkey, 5%.
12:17And other countries, 32% per quarter of 2024.
12:22Next is the export value of Indonesian textile products.
12:25For Pintal yarn,
12:27you can see the data in the first quarter of 2024
12:30compared to the first quarter of 2023,
12:33where the tendency is lower compared to the third quarter.
12:38For Pintal yarn, USD 277.43 million.
12:42Then the made staple thread, USD 246.8 million.
12:47Then the cloth, USD 171.53 million.
12:51Then the other textile products, USD 120.07 million.
12:55And the made filament strip, USD 54.65 million.
12:59So the movement fluctuates for Indonesian textile products.
13:02We will continue our discussion with Mr. Danang Girindra Wardana,
13:06Director Executive of the Indonesian Textile Association.
13:09Okay, Mr. Danang, based on the data,
13:11this speaks of the importation of textile products from abroad,
13:16flooding both legally and illegally in Indonesia.
13:21We know that many people can say that it is a disaster
13:24for our textile industry.
13:26What do you think?
13:27Is it still flooding or has it been limited before?
13:33If we look at the number of textile factories in Indonesia,
13:40we are suffering a lot.
13:42At the moment, the utilization of our machines is at 60-70 percent.
13:47Only a few companies can still reach 70-80 percent.
13:51It means that the decline in the efficiency of our machines
13:55has reduced by an average of 40 percent.
13:58It means that if it has reduced by about 40 percent,
14:02there are a lot of workers who are forced to be housed.
14:07If the company is not closed.
14:09What is the reason?
14:11How can this continue?
14:12Yes, it is also true that there are people who value our technology
14:16to be left behind so that the productivity drops.
14:18Yes, that's right. This is one example.
14:20The second is even more important,
14:23the problem of the factory's public.
14:25The policy.
14:27The government policy, if it continues to open imports
14:32legally into Indonesia,
14:35our factories will collapse.
14:38Just like our fabric industry, our sugar factory.
14:43No one can survive here because the government continues to open imports
14:47in the form of sugar, such as Indonesian sugar or white crystal sugar.
14:52Well, the same thing happens with textiles.
14:56If the government is not wise in regulating the flow of finished products,
15:01finished textiles, finished clothes, imported to Indonesia,
15:05if it is not regulated, if it is not reduced,
15:09this industry will not survive.
15:13Well, just like the data that has been reported by you,
15:16that goods are imported into the textile and garment industry to Indonesia.
15:22A lot of imports come from China, Bangladesh, Vietnam,
15:25which is data from three years ago.
15:30Exactly like that.
15:31It means that countries are consistent
15:34in importing textile and garment products to Indonesia.
15:37And we have no effort to restrict that.
15:42So we will suffer more in the coming months or years.
15:49Especially with the emergence of Permanent 28 in 2024.
15:57It means that we are really at the brink of destruction
16:04because there is no regulation process
16:07that restricts the flow of finished products to Indonesia.
16:11Okay.
16:12Now, related to Bangladesh,
16:14why did they start to enter Indonesia?
16:18That's because there is a preferential trade agreement
16:22between Bangladesh and Indonesia.
16:29As an exchange, most of them import CTOs.
16:33So they ask to import their textile and garment products
16:38to Indonesia freely.
16:41Well, this is also a challenge for us
16:45how to regulate trade agreements between countries
16:49so that we can balance the interests of the textile industry
16:54such as textile and garment
16:56with the interests of exporting CTOs
16:59in the form of crude oil to other countries.
17:02This must be regulated in a balanced way.
17:05Don't let us benefit from CTOs,
17:07but in our garments, it will fall.
17:10This must be really wise
17:12to ensure that it does not sacrifice one sector.
17:16Lastly, how do you see it?
17:17Is our internal regulation of machines
17:20so that the technology is the same as other countries?
17:22Can it still be pursued?
17:24It can still be pursued.
17:25Naturally, the industry will adopt high technology.
17:29Naturally, we have cooperated with our friends from Taiwan
17:33who supply textile machines.
17:36We have also cooperated with friends from Italy
17:41who have come to us.
17:43They offer high-tech products
17:45by saving energy and even zero pollution.
17:49This is evolutionary.
17:51It can even be revolutionary.
17:54Friends in the textile and garment industry
17:56will definitely adopt high technology.
17:59There is no need to involve the government there.
18:03It will be a mess.
18:04Unless the government helps
18:07in a more flexible financing scheme.
18:10And the regulation scheme also allows
18:13for zero-tax machines.
18:19No income tax, especially for machines.
18:22One more important thing that has been mentioned,
18:24importing to Indonesia
18:26must be allowed and open for steel materials.
18:30But not the finished textile and garment materials.
18:34It will kill our manufacturing process
18:36and our SMEs.
18:38But if it's steel or auxiliary materials,
18:41it's okay.
18:42Because we need it.
18:44Yes, because some of the steel and auxiliary materials
18:47are also for export.
18:49Yes, that's right.
18:50It's necessary to produce our goods
18:54to export again.
18:56I hope that in the remaining time,
18:58in President Jokowi's government,
19:00there is a policy that can provide
19:03complete and accurate protection
19:05for the textile and garment industry.
19:07I hope the government still pays attention
19:09to this issue.
19:10In addition to the issue of transfer of power.
19:12That's right.
19:13Mr. Danang, thank you very much for your time.
19:15The sharing that you have delivered to the audience today,
19:17congratulations on continuing your activities again.
19:19Stay healthy, Mr. Danang.
19:20Thank you.
19:21Yes, audience, an hour has passed.
19:23I accompany you in the market review.
19:25Keep sharing your information on IDX channel,
19:27your trustworthy and comprehensive investment reference.
19:30Because the future must be ahead.
19:32I am Investor Sahab.
19:34I am President Jokowi.
19:36Along with the staff who are on duty,
19:38thank you and goodbye.
20:08Investor Sahab.
20:10Investor Jokowi.
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