Cette Éruption Fera Bouillonner l’Océan Pacifique
Avez-vous entendu parler de l'éruption sous-marine dans l'océan Pacifique ? Cela rend l'eau pétillante comme un énorme soda naturel ! Cela se produit parce que l'activité volcanique libère des tonnes de gaz, comme le dioxyde de carbone, qui remontent à la surface de l'eau en formant des bulles. C'est un spectacle sauvage et un rappel de la puissance et de l'imprévisibilité de la nature. Imaginez faire du snorkeling à travers une mer de bulles – ce serait incroyable, n'est-ce pas ? Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
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FunTranscript
00:00If all the volcanoes of the Earth suddenly erupted simultaneously, about 1,500 volcanic formations would explode at the same time.
00:11In normal time, only 10 to 20 volcanoes are active every day. But what would happen if all woke up at the same time?
00:20Geologists estimate that it would not be pretty. Even if only the terrestrial volcanoes would erupt, it would trigger a much more devastating chain reaction than all we have known.
00:32The two main problems would be ash and volcanic gases. Although explosions and lava are dangerous for people nearby, the real danger lies in the long-term consequences.
00:43A thick layer of ash would cover the planet, completely blocking the sun's light. Its absence would mean the end of photosynthesis, leading to the disappearance of crops and a drastic drop in temperatures.
00:55This cloud of ash could persist in our atmosphere for nearly 10 years. In addition to ash, acid rains would also be a threat.
01:04Volcanic gases, such as chloride acid and sulfur dioxide, would mix with the atmosphere, falling back into the form of acid rain.
01:12This type of precipitation would pollute the groundwater and the ocean surface.
01:17Even if humans managed to survive until then, coral reefs and many other marine creatures would disappear.
01:26Similar events have been observed in the history of the Earth, but on a much smaller scale. Large volcanic eruptions have been associated with mass extinctions.
01:36When Pinatubo erupted in 1991, it cooled some parts of the globe for two years.
01:43Nevertheless, the additional carbon dioxide emitted by these eruptions could also heat up the planet.
01:49A bit like when we set our oven on grill air to get a crispy layer on our dolphin rind.
01:58Geologists have also mentioned that there is evidence in our atmosphere indicating that similar phenomena had already occurred in the distant past.
02:07During the Cretaceous period, carbon dioxide levels were much higher than today, making marine life difficult.
02:14Who would survive all this? Probably only a few extremophiles.
02:18These organisms that thrive in intense conditions such as hot springs or underwater hydrothermal chimneys.
02:25As for humans, we could take refuge in underground bunkers until things got tough, or build enough space stations to welcome us all.
02:37However, the chances that all volcanoes erupt simultaneously are very low.
02:42This is due to the fact that there is not a single common source feeding all volcanoes on Earth.
02:48Each of these bunkers has its own magma reservoir, except in some cases where they share the same supply.
02:56Thus, in 1912, the Nova Rupta of Alaska erupted, while another volcano shared the same magma.
03:04Scientists have also found traces of magma hidden under volcanic areas, such as Taupo in New Zealand.
03:11This magma can spread horizontally over long distances, but it remains above all a local curiosity.
03:18Even if we consider all the magma in Taupo's subsurface as a single system, it is not connected to other volcanic regions such as Indonesia or the Philippines.
03:28Since the vast majority of volcanoes are isolated, they cannot synchronize to erupt simultaneously.
03:34Their magma comes from different processes, such as the decompression of the mantle or the addition of water to the mantle by subduction.
03:40There is therefore no way to bring all these different erupting volcanoes together, due to the tectonics of the plates.
03:50This does not mean that we will not see interesting volcanic activity in the future.
03:55Let's take an underwater area near British Columbia, where, recently, nearly 200 small earthquakes per hour have been detected.
04:03Deeply under the ocean floor of the Pacific, offshore the island of Vancouver, magma is about to erupt,
04:10heating the water to such an extent that it will boil like in a cauldron.
04:14However, this event will probably remain unnoticed by everyone, except scientists.
04:19The expected eruption will most likely occur about 5 km below the ocean surface.
04:24Scientists have indicated that these earthquakes varied from a negative magnitude to 4.1,
04:29which means that only people nearby would feel the tremors.
04:34This unusual activity offers us a rare opportunity to study the formation of terrestrial crust.
04:39The magma under the ocean floor is estimated at nearly 800 ° C, but will quickly cool to the contact of water during the eruption.
04:46This melting rock will solidify by touching the seabed, becoming immediately black.
04:52The event will also benefit biologists, who will have the opportunity to observe how marine animals react to such changes.
04:59Run, poor madman!
05:03Antarctica, often perceived as a vast frozen continent, also hides volcanic surprises under its surface.
05:10Researchers have identified more than 130 volcanoes under the only western glacial cove, making this region the largest volcanic zone on Earth.
05:19Most of these volcanoes, around 90, were recently discovered during a study in 2017.
05:25But could one of these Antarctic volcanoes really erupt?
05:29It depends on the volcano in question.
05:31Although these formations are relatively young in geological terms,
05:35it is difficult for scientists to determine whether they are still active or not.
05:40There are only two confirmed active volcanoes in Antarctica, the Island of Deception and Mount Erebus.
05:46The latter, dominant as the highest peak on the continent, has been continuously erupting since at least 1972.
05:53It is known to emit gases and steam, and sometimes even project rocks during what are called strombolian eruptions.
06:00One of its most remarkable characteristics is the persistent presence of a lava lake in its crater,
06:05a rare phenomenon requiring specific conditions to maintain the surface in fusion.
06:10Thus, Mount Erebus is fed by a constant flow of magma from the depths of the Earth's mantle.
06:16This continuous arrival of melting rocks keeps the lava lake active despite the low ambient temperatures.
06:23Although located in Antarctica, the temperatures in the summit region of Erebus remain relatively mild
06:30thanks to the heat released by volcanic activity, thus preventing the lava lake from solidifying.
06:36The Island of Deception, another active volcano in Antarctica, experienced its last eruption in the 1970s.
06:42Although no imminent eruption is planned at the moment, it is closely monitored for any worrying activity.
06:49In addition to these two active volcanoes, Antarctica is littered with fumaroles,
06:53openings in the Earth's crust that release gases and steam.
06:57Sometimes, these fumaroles can form ice towers reaching a height of 3 meters.
07:03Perhaps we should also be interested in supervolcanoes,
07:06capable of producing the most massive and destructive eruptions.
07:10Unlike typical volcanoes with a single chimney,
07:13supervolcanoes have a vast magmatic chamber under the surface
07:17covering tens or even hundreds of kilometers in diameter.
07:21Their eruptions can have catastrophic effects on the surrounding areas
07:25and impact the global climate due to the enormous amount of ash and lava.
07:30One of the most famous supervolcanoes is Yellowstone, which some fear will have to wake up.
07:35It has the ability to trigger a colossal eruption,
07:38projecting more than 1,000 cubic kilometers of ash and rock.
07:42Although we would like to be able to predict its behavior,
07:45volcanoes do not follow a calendar.
07:47On the contrary, eruptions simply occur when enough magma accumulates under the surface
07:52and the pressure is enough to bring it back up.
07:56Although some volcanoes follow a cyclic model,
07:59this does not mean that Yellowstone is behind.
08:02In fact, the volcano has only experienced three major eruptions
08:06over the last 2,100,000 years.
08:12It is also important to note that the term supervolcano
08:15refers to the size of the formation of a supermassive volcano.
08:19In fact, the term supervolcano refers to the size of a supermassive volcano.
08:22In fact, the term supervolcano refers to the size of the formation of a supermassive volcano.
08:27Yellowstone's monitoring is exhaustive
08:30and includes the monitoring of seismicity, soil deformation,
08:34thermal emissions, gas, water chemistry, and surface changes.
08:39The forerunner signs of an eruption would include thousands of earthquakes over a short period of time,
08:44significant soil deformations, and unusual gas emissions.
08:49Even if Yellowstone seems stable at the moment,
08:52a major eruption would have disastrous consequences.
08:55The dispersion of ashes could cover a radius of 800 km,
08:59potentially devastating the agriculture of the Midwest
09:02and obstructing navigable routes.
09:04Ash and gas emissions in the stratosphere
09:07could lead to global climate change
09:09and cool the planet for several years.
09:12But although research has revealed more melting rocks under Yellowstone than expected,
09:16this does not necessarily translate into imminent danger.