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Category

😹
Fun
Transcript
00:30What was here a thousand years ago?
00:34Why can wheels drive?
00:37Are clouds faster than the wind?
00:41A child has so many questions.
00:44Oh, child, come on, let the question in.
00:47For something like that you are still too small.
00:51You are still far, not so far.
00:54There is still time.
00:58What is time?
01:01What is time?
01:04What is time?
01:08What is time?
01:11A moment.
01:15An hour.
01:18A thousand years are a day.
01:29Now we are already in the year 2000.
01:32Pre-time calculation, of course.
01:35We are back in Mesopotamia and want to see
01:38what has happened in the meantime.
01:41Well, the usual.
01:44The cities have barricaded themselves behind walls,
01:47but that can not stop things either.
01:50The enormous movements of the peoples,
01:53their migrations, leave their deep traces
01:56in the East and Central Europe.
01:59It is the story of the Indo-Germans
02:02or also Indo-Europeans,
02:05as they are called in other countries.
02:08The king of Babylon, Hammurabi,
02:11reigns over Mesopotamia.
02:14His code of law is the law of revelation.
02:17As it will also be called in the Bible.
02:20Eye for eye, tooth for tooth.
02:23But there are clear differences.
02:26If a slave is disobedient,
02:29according to the law,
02:32you should cut off his tongue.
02:35And so there are also three types of people.
02:38The slave, the one who has nothing,
02:41and finally the real person.
02:44If a man has debts,
02:47he can pay them with his wife.
02:50He can hide them, but only for three years.
02:53The wife, who drives around,
02:56is thrown into the water.
02:59If the woman on the side of the man
03:02is too attracted by the love of her appearance,
03:05the attention of another,
03:08she can immediately fall headfirst into the floods.
03:12If a woman is caught in a break-up,
03:15she will forever tie a tight knot.
03:18And both go on. A wet time.
03:23Under the leadership of Abraham,
03:26the Hebrews leave Uhur to go to Canaan.
03:29The archaea of Mycenae
03:32grant Crete a visit.
03:35They had annoyed the trade centers of Crete.
03:41Ramses II conquers Palestine.
03:46Under his rule, Egypt reaches its greatest expansion.
03:50Seven more Ramses follow him.
03:53But then the decline of the empire is already increasing.
03:56The priesthood demands ever greater rights,
03:59especially its own tax revenues.
04:02The Hebrews leave Egypt.
04:11The Doran is said to be the spreader of iron.
04:14Tyre, Sidon and Byblos
04:17become the main places of Phoenician prosperity.
04:24The business-minded traders
04:27represent their interests up to far-flung places.
04:30Along the coasts they build bases
04:33and plunder foreign ships from A to Z.
04:36They have given us the alphabet.
04:39The poor Assyrian has now grown up and grown up.
04:42Assyria, the center and capital of the empire,
04:45is dominated and the Assyrian king Assurbanipal
04:48restores the unity of the empire
04:51and conquers Babylon after a difficult battle.
04:54He is portrayed in history
04:57as a bloodthirsty joker,
05:00which seems a bit exaggerated to me.
05:03He was one of the most educated Assyrian rulers I know.
05:06In 612, the united Babylonians
05:09visit the beautiful city of Nineveh.
05:25Nineveh is made equal to the earth.
05:28This is the tragic end of the Assyrian Empire,
05:31which thus disappears from the annals of history forever.
05:36Under Nebuchadnezzar II,
05:39Babylon becomes the most magnificent city of its time.
05:42The city, which has suffered multiple heavy destructions,
05:45is for centuries the cultural center
05:48of the entire pre-Asian world.
05:51Buy, people, buy!
05:53Look at these wonderful potteries!
05:56Come and buy, dear people!
05:59See the wonderful works!
06:03In this turmoil of business and well-being,
06:06Zarathustra preaches.
06:09But the people are doing too well.
06:12They don't want to listen to him.
06:15Zarathustra is considered a religious founder.
06:18He was convinced that there are good and evil,
06:21which both surround all living beings.
06:24The good Ahuramazda, the evil Ahrian.
06:27Sure, yes, I think everyone is his own referee.
06:31He can choose between good and evil.
06:34And I tell you, whoever leads a good life,
06:37will have eternal life after resurrection.
06:40Well, I'll put it simply.
06:43What you don't want to be done to you,
06:46doesn't lead to anyone else.
06:49But nobody listens to Zarathustra.
06:52Confucius will one day listen to him.
06:55And Jesus.
06:58Kyros, a young Persian prince, was a student of Zarathustra.
07:01His cousin Astyage is still sitting on the throne.
07:04But Kyros will soon change that.
07:07When he ascends the throne himself,
07:10he changes his way of thinking.
07:13Kyros the Great, he will then be called,
07:16as the founder of the old Persian empire.
07:19With his contradictions, Kyros teaches
07:22how to deal generously.
07:26What is it? Should I light it?
07:29No!
07:31I am at your command, Majesty.
07:34No! Not again!
07:37That's not a job!
07:40What you don't want to be done to you,
07:43doesn't lead to anyone else.
07:46So said Zarathustra.
07:49Bactria, probably the home of Zarathustra,
07:52will be conquered by Kyros Babylon.
08:00King Nabonid leaves the government affairs
08:03largely to his son Balthasar,
08:06who is desired by the people because of his lottery life.
08:09Open up!
08:23Space for the throne of Kyros!
08:26What's going on here?
08:37Balthasar is disturbed.
08:40Nabonid is released from the world history
08:43through a back door and banished from Kyros to Carmanion.
08:46After the occupation of Babylon,
08:50Mesopotamia is now part of the empire of Kyros the Great.
08:53The Jews are free and are allowed to return to Jerusalem.
08:56Kyros gives them the rest of their treasure,
08:59which Nebuchadnezzar had stolen.
09:02For the first time in history,
09:05the occupied cities are not plundered
09:08and the population is not massacred.
09:11A winner is shown in the battle of Carmanion.
09:14For the first time,
09:17a universal empire has been created.
09:20Kyros the Great falls in the battle
09:23against the legendary queen Tomiris.
09:26He leaves behind two sons,
09:29Cambyses and Smerdys.
09:35Big events cast their shadows.
09:38The magician Gaumatis,
09:41gives himself up for Smerdys,
09:44the younger son of Kyros the Great,
09:47and occupies the throne.
09:50But seven princes of the kingdom want to overthrow him.
09:53There is now the interesting story
09:56that the one whose horse first begins to howl,
09:59should be chosen to kill the usurper.
10:02Here comes Darius I,
10:05who will later be called the Great.
10:11It will.
10:17You scoundrel!
10:20Do you really have to howl now?
10:23Darius I strikes down the alliance
10:26with the sworn Gaumata
10:29and fights revolts that
10:32take over the land with energy and success.
10:36I'll show you what fire I'm warming myself to.
10:39What do you have in the window?
10:42I'll beat you to death!
10:45The authentic report on these events
10:48is left by Darius I
10:51in a large three-language inscription
10:54on the rock of Byzotun.
10:57To you I strike!
11:00I'll follow you, boss, don't worry.
11:03I'm very close to you.
11:09Hey, hey, hey! You think you can scare me?
11:28Take care of the horse.
11:30Give him enough to eat, he's pretty exhausted.
11:35Come on, now it's my turn.
11:38No, you're far from it.
11:41Daddy, he always annoys me.
11:44He never lets me play swing.
11:47We'll have that right away.
11:50Hermann is waiting for you.
11:53Yes?
11:55Please come quickly, a high visitor is waiting.
11:59Thank you very much.
12:08Oh, sorry, it's nothing.
12:18Hey, hey, hey!
12:21What's going on down there?
12:25What's going on down there?
12:28Oh, I could have thought it was you.
12:33What's being negotiated at the table is strictly secret
12:36and I don't want to be indiscreet.
12:39But I can tell you this much, it's about business.
12:42Darius is planning a large palace
12:45and it is important to be firm in all relations,
12:48because there are tremendous deliveries in the house.
12:51Cedar from Lebanon,
12:53wood and ivory from India,
12:55gold from Sardinia,
12:57silver and lead from Egypt,
12:59stone pillars from Carian
13:01and the necessary stonework from Ionia.
13:03In addition, the craft from Libya
13:05and the bricks from Babylon.
13:07Everything is on the market, just a question of price.
13:10And so the palace of miracle and dream
13:13is created in wonderful proportions.
13:22Darius, king of kings,
13:25is lord of over 20 kingdoms
13:28and never in the history of mankind
13:31has there been a more powerful one.
13:51Oh dear, come quickly, come quickly!
14:13The people are not doing badly
14:15and the state is doing well.
14:17Here on the way to Pasagardes
14:19the tax revenues pass by.
14:22500 boys from Babylon,
14:24who are to become eunuchs,
14:26400 donkeys
14:28and, say and write, 100,000 sheep.
14:37Darius, hop, hop, hop, hop!
14:39Go on, go on, please!
14:41Hello!
14:44Oh, you!
14:45Yes!
14:48Your son is really a good rider,
14:50like he was born on the back of a horse.
14:54Hey, hello!
15:00Bravo!
15:04So, and now to the point.
15:06What's going on, why is he here?
15:08You know, it's like this.
15:10A deposed prince has teamed up with a robber gang
15:12and terrorizes the area.
15:14The king has sent me here
15:16to provide peace and order.
15:18I have orders to take garrison with my troops,
15:21in a castle nearby.
15:23You must know it.
15:26So, if you need help,
15:28you know where to find me.
15:41These are special offers, what would you like?
15:43This one.
15:44Good.
15:46Thank you.
15:48Hold on tight, Peter, or you'll break your neck.
15:52Yeah!
15:55Sir, the robbers have raided the merchant caravans.
15:58We wanted to help you.
16:00But there were too many, they destroyed everything.
16:02We barely escaped them.
16:06There they are!
16:07Yes, that must be them!
16:10Ouch!
16:12Ouch!
16:24Chief, I have an idea.
16:25We'll set fire to their position,
16:27then we'll take their horses and escape.
16:29Come on, hurry up!
16:31Come on, let's go!
16:33Forward!
16:42Come on, let's go!
16:44Forward, there they are!
16:59Run, my dear little horse, run, run, run!
17:02Come on, stretch your legs.
17:03Don't be so slow, you lazy bum!
17:05Ouch!
17:07Wait, slow down, take me with you, do you hear me?
17:10I don't understand, where did the boy go?
17:12Look at that!
17:13That's him, where was he?
17:15I don't know, but he's carrying a horse.
17:40Ouch!
17:49You poor thing!
17:50There, that's good for him.
17:52And wait, maybe this.
17:55Yes, that will do him good.
17:57It's a good health tea.
18:03That's how he should drink it.
18:05Here.
18:11We're done, everything's back to normal.
18:13Then he'll leave again.
18:15And when the robbers return, how can we notify you?
18:20I'll tell you how we'll do it.
18:22First, you'll set fire.
18:25Then you'll get something, a lid like this one.
18:29Well, that's not so hard to understand.
18:3121, 22, lift the leg.
18:34And again, you see?
18:38And when the robbers really return,
18:40the alarm goes off with smoke.
18:43Because until the telegraphy is invented,
18:45this is a useful emergency solution.
18:51Alarm!
18:52The robbers are coming!
18:54That's genius!
18:55A fantastic idea!
18:57Take care and keep your eyes open.
19:01Where are all these things going, Maestro?
19:05Good question.
19:06That's a lot of material, and it's going to be a lot more.
19:13Look, I'll show you.
19:15We're building a new capital, Persepolis.
19:19It will be the most beautiful city ever built.
19:22But why does the city have space on such a small piece of paper?
19:25That's just a drawing, and you call it a plan.
19:28And now look.
19:31Do you see here?
19:33That's a solar dial.
19:35And with that we can see how much time has passed,
19:37because the sun is a shadow.
19:39Maestro?
19:40One moment, please.
19:44I don't quite understand. How does that work?
19:47In the morning the shadow is here,
19:49in the afternoon here,
19:50and in the evening there.
19:52Her Majesty wishes to see you.
19:54Ah, can't you leave me alone?
19:57We'll talk later, my boy, okay?
20:00Dario's domestic politics is clever and successful.
20:03With a well-developed news network,
20:05he combines control and tolerance
20:08with the religious peculiarity of the subjugated peoples.
20:12He is considered to be the most spiritual and morally significant ruler
20:16of ancient oriental history.
20:18But time passes, and young people become men,
20:21and men have to go to war.
20:28One day, when Dario can no longer hear
20:32what his servant should repeat at every meal,
20:36remember Athens.
20:38Yes, so one day he decides to attack Greece
20:42to punish it for supporting the revolts against his authority.
20:50But this time Goliath attacks David.
20:53Greece could not force Dario.
20:56It was too late.
21:05480 is the beginning of the Persian Wars
21:08and the Xerxes against Greece.
21:10479, the Persians have to give up their sea dominion in the Aegean.
21:15About 100 years later, Alexander the Great
21:18will return the visit of the Persians.
21:22The Greek historians have always described the enemy armies
21:26as particularly large and overpowering,
21:29and they like to exaggerate.
21:31The army of Alexander included 32,000 men and 5,000 riders.
21:36In the battle of Granicus,
21:38the troops of Alexander are said to have killed 20,000 enemies
21:42and give their own losses with only 115 dead
21:45and about 1,000 wounded.
21:49Well, does anyone believe us?
21:51A year later, 3-3-3 at Issus' great wedge.
21:56Almost all of the Persians who were defeated
21:59would have won,
22:01but they were a bit hasty
22:03about the supposed war booty,
22:05which brought them the defeat.
22:07Alexander besieged Tyre and Gaza and moves to Egypt.
22:15There he has big things in mind.
22:17At the oracle site of the god Amun-Re in the oasis of Siva,
22:21he would like to receive divine wine himself
22:24and he says he came here to honor his father.
22:28My God, Alexander, does that have to be?
22:31But Mama always said to Alexander,
22:34Child, your real father is God Amun.
22:41Alexander turns against the Persians again.
22:44In 331 it comes to the decisive battle of Arbela.
22:48Darius III is killed.
22:53Alexander also decides
22:55to make the wealthy and powerful Babylon
22:57the capital of his empire.
23:00When he arrives in front of the city walls,
23:03the gates open wide to him,
23:05the population welcomes him warmly,
23:08as they will only become part of the occupying forces later on.
23:15The young conqueror
23:17is just about to receive the most precious gifts.
23:21And the divine Alexander can not be asked for long.
23:26An astrologer like me, Your Majesty,
23:29can calculate the position of your stars exactly.
23:32Their position is predictable,
23:34as stated in this document.
23:36And heaven knows all your star hours.
23:38The history of Alexander
23:40also recognizes the reverse of the medal.
23:45No, you are not a god.
23:47You lie defeated on the ground
23:49and owe all your power only to the Macedonians.
23:52You dare?
23:54What a sharp answer.
23:56Ten years of campaign, over 20,000 kilometers.
24:00Well, that makes the strongest warriors tired.
24:03I don't want to hear about it. The campaign continues.
24:06Well, better go home or continue.
24:09Stop imagining.
24:12They return to Babylon.
24:14Alexander dies of weakness and malaria at the age of 33.
24:19When asked who should be his successor,
24:22he gives the answer, the most worthy.
24:25Well, you can roughly imagine what was going on there.
24:28Because you have rarely seen so many worthy people on a heap.
24:32More next time, when you see me again.
24:35You absolutely have to see how it goes on.
24:42What is it?
24:46What is it?

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