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00:00Hi kids! Today we will learn about extreme forces in nature. So let's start.
00:08Kids, there are many types of forces in nature. Some are very helpful to us,
00:14though some may cause damage too. For example, hurricane. Hurricane is an
00:22extremely windy condition or a huge storm where the wind force is so high
00:28that it can be very destructive. It has very strong spiraling winds. It can last
00:37over a week. Its speed can be up to 10 to 20 miles per hour. Hurricane often
00:46becomes a reason for sinking of ships. The center of this storm is called the
00:52eye, and it's the calmest part of the storm. It can blow away houses, cars, and
00:59trees. When hurricane reaches the land, it can bring heavy rains, strong winds, and
01:07large waves that can blow away anything that comes in its way. Now let's learn
01:15about another extreme force of nature, which is lightning. Lightning is a charge
01:23in a storm caused by static electricity. Lightning is visible as bright shining
01:32lines in the sky. So lightning is the electric current inside a cloud. The
01:41collision of small bits of ice or frozen raindrops creates an electric charge
01:47that fills up the whole cloud. And charge from the clouds reaches charged objects
01:53on the ground, and it is known as lightning strike. But how electric charge
01:59is created in clouds? The collision of small pieces of ice or frozen raindrops
02:05creates an electric charge that fills up the whole cloud. And this charge from
02:12the clouds reaches charged objects on the ground, and it is known as lightning
02:18strike. Lightning emits white light, but it can appear to be blue, pink, yellow, or
02:28even orange, depending on different weather conditions. And it forms branches
02:34like a tree. When there are dark clouds in the sky, or you listen to thunder,
02:40which is a loud sound from the clouds, don't stay outside. Rush inside your home
02:47or car as lightning may strike you. Now let's learn about another extreme force
02:54of nature, and it's earthquake. The land on which we live is not one big land, but
03:03it's made up of many tectonic plates. The edges of tectonic plates are called
03:10fault lines. When the plates slide past each other or collide against each other,
03:17they cause earthquakes. Our Earth experiences more than a million
03:24earthquakes every year. Earthquakes cause many alterations or changes on the
03:31Earth's surface. Sometimes an earthquake can be mild, which does not cause much
03:37harm, but sometimes it can be very strong too, that can cause huge loss of property
03:45as well as life. Results in collapsed buildings, breaks power grids, breaks
03:54pipelines of water and gas, results in landslides and snow avalanches, and
04:00even volcanic eruptions. Now let's learn about another extreme force of nature,
04:08and it is flood. A flood is an overflow of water which submerges land that is
04:18usually dry. Floods are extremely dangerous and can wipe away an entire
04:24city, coastline, or an area and cause extensive damage to life and property.
04:31Some floods can occur suddenly and recede quickly, that is, the water level
04:38goes down quickly. Others take days or even months to build and discharge. When
04:48floods occur in an extremely populated area, the water carries along objects
04:54like houses, bridges, cars, furniture, and even people. It can wipe away farms, trees,
05:05and much more. Now let's learn about another extreme force of nature, which is
05:13tornado. Tornadoes are nature's most violent storms. They are also known as
05:22twisters or cyclones. They are typically in the form of a funnel-shaped cloud, and
05:31their narrow end touches the earth. It has whirling winds that can travel up to
05:37300 miles per hour speed. A huge cloud of debris and dust often encircles along
05:46with the tornado and can cause huge loss of life and devastate a huge area in
05:52seconds. Tornadoes develop rapidly, and advance warning is not possible in case
06:00of tornadoes. Another extreme force of nature is landslide. It is the movement
06:08of a big rock or a big part of land down a slope section of a hill or mountain,
06:14and reasons behind landslide can be many, like they can be caused by rain,
06:21earthquakes, volcanoes, and also the loss of vegetation in the area. As vegetation
06:28holds soil in place, and without vegetation, land becomes loose and it may
06:35wash away in the form of landslides. A landslide is also known as landslip.
06:44Landslide is a populated area, can cause a lot of damage of life and property. So
06:52kids, today we learned about a lot of extreme forces of nature. Now you may go
06:58ahead and take a quiz to learn more. Bye-bye!