• 3 months ago
Transcript
00:00hi friends today we will learn more about the types of pronouns so let's
00:07start we have already learned that there are 10 types of pronouns and we have
00:14learned many types of pronouns out of them today we will learn what our
00:20relative pronouns relative pronouns relative pronouns are used to relate
00:29various parts of the sentence to each other a phrase to a clause a clause to a
00:38clause a noun or subject to a clause etc these are some of the relative pronouns
00:47who whom whose which that they are same as interrogative indefinite or
00:56possessive pronouns but they have a different role to play in a sentence
01:02let's understand with the help of an example who is singing on the stage here
01:10the pronoun who is an interrogative pronoun as it's being used for asking a
01:16question the girl who is singing on the stage is my sister here the pronoun who
01:26is a relative pronoun as it relates the phrase the girl to the clause is singing
01:33on the stage that is why who is a relative pronoun in this sentence and
01:41the clause beginning with the relative pronoun is called a relative clause who
01:48is the man in the white shirt in this sentence the pronoun who is an
01:56interrogative pronoun as it is being used to ask a question the man who is
02:02wearing a white shirt is my teacher in this sentence the pronoun who is a
02:10relative pronoun as it is being used to relate the phrase the man to the clause
02:16is wearing a white shirt here the clause who is wearing a white shirt is a
02:25relative clause as it begins with a relative pronoun who now let's learn
02:31some more about relative clauses relative clauses can be of two types
02:38restrictive relative clauses or defining relative clauses non-restrictive relative
02:46clauses or non defining relative clauses the restrictive relative clauses are
02:53important for the sentence to make sense the sentence won't make meaning without
02:58them and in the case of non restrictive relative clauses they are not important
03:05for the sentence to make sense. They add additional information to the sentence or tell more about
03:13the sentence. In other words, the sentence remains meaningful if we remove the non-restrictive
03:20relative clause. Now let's see various examples of relative pronouns and relative clauses.
03:29This room is reminding him of the class that he used to study in. Here we have a clause
03:37that he used to study in and it begins with the relative pronoun that.
03:44Now whether it's a restrictive relative clause or a non-restrictive relative clause,
03:50in order to find that, remove the relative clause and see if the sentence still makes sense.
03:57It reminded him of the class, but which class? We don't get to know anything about it.
04:05So the sentence is left incomplete without the relative clause. So the clause that
04:15he used to study in is a restrictive relative clause. In case of restrictive relative clauses,
04:23there is no commas are there. Andrew, whom we met yesterday, is my best friend.
04:34Here the clause, whom we met yesterday, is a non-restrictive relative clause as it starts
04:41with a relative pronoun, whom, and it has commas to separate clauses from each other.
04:48It means that the sentence will still make sense without it.
04:53Andrew is my best friend. Yes, the sentence makes sense even without the non-restrictive
05:00relative clause and this is why we have used commas to separate the clauses.
05:08The car, which was a taxi, smashed into a wall. Here the clause, which was a taxi,
05:16is a non-restrictive relative clause as it begins with a relative pronoun, which.
05:23And the sentence will remain meaningful if we remove this relative clause.
05:28The car smashed into a wall as it's a non-restrictive relative clause, so commas are
05:36used. And remember, no commas are used if it's a restrictive relative clause.
05:44My sister, whose phone you just heard, is a banker. Here the pronoun, whose, is used to refer
05:53to the subject, my sister. And the relative clause, whose phone you just heard, is a non-restrictive
06:02clause as it is giving extra information about the subject and sentence will remain meaningful
06:10without this clause. My sister is a banker. So, now we know that relative pronouns are those
06:19pronouns that relate different parts of a sentence, they work like conjunctions in a sentence,
06:27and relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun. We also learned that relative clauses
06:35can be of two types, restrictive relative clauses and non-restrictive relative clauses.
06:44Restrictive relative clauses cannot be removed from the sentence, while non-restrictive clauses
06:52can be removed from the sentence. Now you may go ahead and take a quiz to learn more. Bye-bye.