Interesting facts
Best places to visit in India
Best places to visit in India
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TravelTranscript
00:00About India
00:01The advent of the Indus Valley civilization, also known as Harappan civilization, marks the beginning of India's history.
00:09Around 2500 BC, it reached its peak.
00:14The Indus Valley was home to the largest of Egypt's, Mesopotamia's, India's, and China's ancient urban civilizations.
00:22Nothing was known about this civilization until the 1920s, when the Indian Archaeological Department conducted excavations in the Indus Valley,
00:32uncovering the ruins of two ancient towns, Mohenjodaro and Harappa.
00:36Ruins of structures and other items such as domestic items, weapons of battle, gold and silver jewellery, seals, toys, pottery products,
00:45and other artifacts demonstrate that a highly developed civilization flourished in this region between 4 and 5000 years ago.
00:53We're excited to show you some of the past and present historical Indian monuments.
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01:01Agra Fort, Agra
01:03The magnificent 16th-century Mughal landmark known as the Red Fort of Agra is located near the Taj Mahal's gardens.
01:11The imperial capital of the Mughal kings is contained inside the 2.5-kilometre-long enclosure walls of this formidable red sandstone citadel.
01:20The fort's intimidating exteriors conceal an inner paradise.
01:24The Modi Masjid, a white marble mosque resembling a perfect pearl, Diwan-e-Am, Diwan-e-Qaas, Muzam and Burj-e.
01:32Where Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan died in 1666 AD, Jahangir's palace, Qaas Mahal.
01:41And Sheesh Mahal are just a few of the magnificent structures.
01:45Agra Fort is one of India's few UNESCO World Heritage Sites and an exceptional example of Mughal architecture.
01:52The construction of the Agra Fort began in 1565, when the Mughal Emperor Akbar built the basic structures.
02:00And was later carried over by his grandson Shah Jahan, who added the majority of the marble works to the fort.
02:07The fort is crescent-shaped, with a long, nearly straight wall facing the river on the east side.
02:14It is surrounded by red sandstone ramparts with twin castellated ramparts and bastions at regular intervals.
02:20The outer wall is surrounded by a 9m-wide and 10m-deep moat.
02:25An towering 22-metre-high inner wall gives the impression of an impregnable defensive structure.
02:31The fort's layout was decided by the stream of the river, which flowed alongside at the time.
02:37The main axis is parallel to the river and the walls bridge out towards the city.
02:42The primary axis runs parallel to the river, and the walls span the river to the city.
02:47The fort had four gates at first, but two of them were eventually sealed up.
02:52Visitors are now only permitted to enter through the Amar Singh Gate.
02:56As the visitor goes via Amar Singh Gate, the first significant building he sees is Jangir Mahal.
03:03Jangir was Akbar's son and the Mughal throne's heir.
03:06Akbar constructed Jangir Mahal as a women's apartments.
03:10It's made of stone and has a simple outside design.
03:14A big stone bowl has been engraved with ornate Persian phrases, which were most likely used to hold fragrant rose water.
03:21For his favourite Queen Jodha Bai, Akbar erected a palace next to Jangir Mahal.
03:27The Qusmahal, which was built completely of marble by Shah Jahan, has strong Islamic Persian elements.
03:34These are well combined with a remarkable array of Hindu elements, such as Chhatris.
03:40It is thought to be the Emperor's sleeping quarters, or Iramga.
03:44The most successful example of painting on a white marble surface is the Qusmahal.
03:49The Muzammin Burjay, erected by the British, stands to the left of the Qusmahal.
03:55It's an octagonal tower with an open pavilion that's rather lovely.
03:59Its openness, elevation and pleasant evening breezes are all assets.
04:04On his deathbed, Shah Jahan gazed at the Taj Mahal from this location.
04:09The glass palace, also known as Shish Mahal, is the best example of beautiful water engineering in the Hammams.
04:17It is thought to have been a harem or dressing room, and its walls are inlaid with tiny mirrors that are among India's best examples of glass mosaic ornamentation.
04:26The Hall of Private Audience, Dwanika is, located to the right of Shish Mahal.
04:32Semi-precious stones and lovely flower designs are set into the marble pillars.
04:37The Mamam-e-Shahi, also known as the Shah Burjay, is located nearby and serves as a summer getaway.
04:44The iconic peacock throne used to be housed in the Dwan-e-Am, but it was transported to the Red Fort when Shah Jahan moved his headquarters to Delhi.
04:53The throne alcove is made of white marble with ornate carvings.
04:57The private mosque of the Ladies of the Court, Najina Masjid, was built by Shah Jahan.
05:03The Pearl Mosque, also known as Modi Masjid, is the most beautiful edifice at Agra Fort.
05:10Near Modi Masjid is Meena Masjid, which appears to have been built solely for Shah Jahan's personal usage.
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05:21Ajanta and Ellora Caves
05:23The paintings and sculptures in the caves of Ajanta and Ellora, inspired by Buddhism and its compassionate ethos, began in the 2nd century BC and continued into the 6th century AD, unleashing a rush of artistic excellence unparalleled in human history.
05:39These ornately carved Buddhist and Jain caves are serene and meditative, exuding a divine spirit and force.
05:46The rock-out caves of Ajanta are located about 107 km from Aurangabad, Maharashtra and are tucked in a panoramic canyon in the shape of a huge horseshoe.
05:56Ajanta is a collection of 29 caverns that contain some of the earliest Buddhist buildings, cave paintings and sculptures.
06:04Cheetah halls or shrines devoted to Lord Buddha, as well as viharas or monasteries used by Buddhist monks for meditation and study of Buddhist teachings, are found in these caverns.
06:15The paintings that adorn the caves' walls and ceilings portray events from Lord Buddha's life as well as numerous Buddhist divinities.
06:23The Jataka Tales, depicting many episodes connected to the Buddha's earlier incarnations as Bodhisattava, a holy being destined to become the Buddha, are among the most intriguing paintings.
06:35Despite the ravages of time, these intricate sculptures and paintings maintain an amazing grandeur.
06:41Sculptures of Buddha, peaceful and quiet in contemplation, are interspersed among the gorgeous imagery and paintings.
06:49Ellora's cave temples and monasteries, dug from the vertical face of an escarpment, are located 26 km north of Aurangabad.
06:58Sculptors carved beautiful rock engravings influenced by Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism.
07:04The 34 caves, which run in a straight line, comprise Buddhist chaitayas, halls of worship, viharas, monasteries and Hindu and Jain temples.
07:15The earliest excavation here is of the Dhammalena, which spans around 600 years between the 5th and 11th centuries AD.
07:23Cave 29
07:25Without a question, the most impressive excavation is that of the Great Kailasa Temple.
07:31Cave 16, which is the world's largest monolithic structure.
07:36It was known as Varel in ancient times and has continued to attract pilgrims throughout the centuries.
07:42The paintings and sculptures of Ajanta and Ellora, which have been designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1983 and are considered masterpieces of Buddhist religious art, have had a significant impact on the development of art in India.
07:56The cave paintings of Ajanta are one of the high watermarks of artistic inventiveness due to their creative use of color and freedom of expression in depicting human and animal forms.
08:07The Ellora has been conserved as an artistic legacy that will inspire and enhance future generations.
08:13With its temples dedicated to Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism, this cave complex is not only a remarkable aesthetic masterpiece and an excellent example of technological exploit, but it also exemplifies the spirit of tolerance that was characteristic of ancient India.
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08:30Ajanta is a collection of 29 Kavir, Baha'i Temple Delhi.
08:35A lotus-shaped outline has imprinted itself on the psyche of the city's people in the heart of New Delhi, India's bustling capital, catching their imagination, fueling their curiosity, and revolutionizing the concept of worship.
08:49The Baha Mishri Kheladkar, also known as the A Lotus Temple, is a Baha shrine.
08:55With the arrival of each new day, an increasing number of tourists flock to its gates to marvel at its beauty and soak up the serenely spiritual atmosphere.
09:04Since its dedication to public worship in December 1986, this Indian subcontinent's mother temple has welcomed millions of visitors, making it one of the country's most visited structures.
09:17The lotus blossom is unparalleled in Indian iconography as an evocative image of beauty and purity, as well as a symbol of deity.
09:25The lotus, which emerges from stagnant water pure and unblemished, signifies God's emergence.
09:32This ancient Indian symbol was used to produce a design of ethereal beauty and seeming simplicity, despite the sophisticated geometry that underpins its concrete execution.
09:42The Lotus Temple is a stunning blend of ancient notion, modern mechanical prowess, and architectural imagination.
09:50Many of the temple's many visitors have been moved by its soothingly calm prayer hall and tranquil environs, prompting them to seek out the temple's inspirational source and capture a piece of its tranquilly for themselves.
10:02The awe is instilled by the eerie silence that surrounds the hall.
10:06Its eloquent stillness and divine atmosphere have moved some.
10:10The tranquilly and beauty of the sanctum sanctorum touch people in different ways.
10:16The erection of Baha Perse Baha House of Worship was a key milestone in Baha'i history on the Indian subcontinent.
10:22Baha'is have done everything they can to make their places of worship as attractive and distinctive as possible.
10:29It not only embodies the worldwide Baha community's spiritual aspirations and core principles, but, more importantly in a land of many religions, it has begun to be recognized as a unifying link, bringing disparate concepts into harmony via its principle of oneness, of God, religion, and mankind.
10:48The temple, with its complete lack of idols, provokes both amazement and admiration.
10:54Visitors are perplexed by the lack of a deity, but are awestruck by the structure's beauty and majesty.
11:00The following is a typical response.
11:03The spirit is eloquent, and there is quiet.
11:06One has the impression of finally attaining the soul's estate, a state of serenity and peace.
11:12The Lotus Temple is one of the century's 100 canonical works, a powerful image of remarkable beauty that has transcended its original function as a gathering place to become a significant architectural symbol.
11:25The temple has received honors and worldwide recognition as a symbol of faith and human effort put in the way of God.
11:31The temple was awarded the GLOB Art Academy 2000 Award in 2004 at the Magnitubah Taj Mahal of the 20th Century Service, promoting the unity and harmony of people of all nations, religions, and social strata, to an extent unsurpassed by any other architectural monument worldwide, according to the award.
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11:54The Bara Imam Bara, Lucknow
11:57Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh in northern India, is a contemporary metropolis with wonderful ancient monuments to boast about.
12:06Lucknow is recognized for its gardens, parks and unique archaeological structures.
12:11It is located on the banks of the Gomti River, a tributary of the Ganga.Lucknow, also known as the Nawab's City, has maintained its allure as a haven of culinary and cultural delights.
12:23This city's residents are noted for their exquisite elegance, civility and fluency in Urdu.
12:29Lucknow is also known for its special embroidered garment fabrics known as shikun.
12:34The city is home to the Imbara Imam Bara, an ancient structure of such stunning beauty that even modern architects are baffled by it.
12:42Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula built the Imam Bara in 1784, and its architect was Kifayatullah, who is thought to be a relative of the Taj Mahal's architect.
12:53This massive and magnificent edifice, which was built by the Nawab as part of a famine relief effort, is also known as a Saif-e-Imam Bara.
13:02With Gothic elements, the structure combines Rajput and Mughal structures.
13:07The Bara Imam Bara is a fascinating structure.
13:11It is neither a mosque nor a mausoleum, but rather a massive structure with fascinating features.
13:17The use of vaults and the structure of the halls reveal a strong Islamic influence.
13:22The Bara Imam Bara is, in fact, a large hall at the end of a splendid courtyard with two magnificent triple-arched entrances.
13:31The Imam Bara's principal hall is over 50 meters long and 16 meters broad.
13:36This columnless hall has a ceiling that is more than 15 meters high.
13:40The hall is one of the world's largest of its sort, with no external support in the form of wood, iron or stone beams.
13:48The roof was constructed entirely of interlocking bricks, with no beams or girders.
13:54As a result, it is regarded as a singular architectural feat.
13:58The structure, which is made up of three large rooms, features an astonishing maze of tunnels hidden between its 20-foot-thick walls.
14:07This deep, gloomy maze known as the Ibul Balaya should only be visited by the brave.
14:13It is a complex network of about 1,000 passages, some of which have dead ends, some of which end in precipitous fall,
14:20and others which lead to entrance or exit locations.
14:24If you want to take a tour of the secret labyrinth without getting lost, you should hire a authorized guide.
14:30The five-story baolai, Step Well, from the pre-Nawabi era is another fascinating building at the Imam Bara.
14:38This baolai is connected to the River Gomti and is known as the Shahi Hammam, Royal Bath.
14:44Only the first two stories are above water, with the remainder always submerged.
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