Sultan Ruknuddin Baibars Ep26 - Capture of Damascus by the Crusaders & Death of Najam ud din Ayub
Sultan Ruknuddin Baibars Ep26 - Capture of Damascus by the Crusaders & Death of Najam ud din Ayub
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00:00Burda Farosh was the silver of the traders in those days.
00:03They used to bring slaves to Qahira in large numbers
00:06and offered them to Najm-ud-din Ayub for a good price.
00:10Due to the demand of these slaves in Qahira,
00:12the rich people also bought these slaves in large numbers
00:16and started offering them to Najm-ud-din Ayub.
00:19These people were slaves to say the least,
00:21but their unique qualities made them superior.
00:24They were called Mamluk i.e. slaves.
00:27Najm-ud-din Ayub bought more than 12,000 Mamluks.
00:31He paid special attention to their upbringing and education.
00:34Along with Islamic teachings, he was taught the art of war with great attention
00:39which led to the fact that most of them not only became owners of extraordinary abilities in the art of war,
00:45but also reached the level of excellence in Islamic sciences, Quran, Hadith and Fiqh.
00:50Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub formed a regular army of these Mamluks
00:55which was very organized and strong in the art of war.
00:58He also chose skilled young men from this army for his personal guard.
01:03Baibars was appointed as the chief of this guard.
01:07Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub appointed Mamluks,
01:10the owners of extraordinary abilities,
01:13to the prominent positions in order to reduce the influence
01:16and influence of the Egyptian Umara in the government.
01:18With these steps, the position of Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub became more stable.
01:22He was freed from internal conspiracies and conspiracies.
01:26He had defeated the conspiratorial Umara in various areas in the beginning
01:30according to their status on the Uhud.
01:33The conspiracy of Wajih-ud-din Baqri failed due to the spread of Umara.
01:37Amad-ud-din Ismail, who was dreaming of attacking Egypt,
01:42was disappointed at the sudden disappearance of the Egyptian Umara.
01:46Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub had made a large number of Mamluks active
01:50and had even reached the court of Aaliyah.
01:53Therefore, this threat began to emerge that they might become uncontrollable.
01:57Queen Shajarat-ud-Dar presented the solution to this problem
02:01that they should also be divided into two large parts
02:04and a race to be better than the other should be started in them.
02:08Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub settled a large number of them outside of Cairo
02:12in the island of Rauda, where barracks were built for their accommodation.
02:17Some Mamluk chiefs built their own houses there with the permission of Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub.
02:23These chiefs later joined Umara.
02:26A permanent castle was built here in a short time.
02:30This place was located in that part of the River Neel from where the river was divided into two branches.
02:35Therefore, these Mamluks were known as River Mamluks.
02:40The other large group of Mamluks were settled in the towers of the castle of Cairo
02:44which were built by Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub.
02:47These Mamluks were called Burji.
02:50Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub remained busy for five years and was busy strengthening his defense.
02:57The Sultan began to gather the scattered Shirazi of the family.
03:01Small rulers were forced to obey Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub
03:05in the presence of the Bahri, Burj and Razaqarana army.
03:10Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayub encouraged them instead of dismissing them
03:14and gave them a gift of his pleasure in adopting the path of peace and truth.
03:19On the other side, Gulwakuz's horse was out of control.
03:23He was running headlong towards the horse riders.
03:27Gulwakuz became even more frightened when the reins of the horse were released.
03:31The horse riders were shocked to see the rising horse.
03:34One of them had perhaps understood the situation.
03:37Gulwakuz put his horse on the reins and quickly moved towards him.
03:40After a little effort, he succeeded in controlling Gulwakuz's horse.
03:45He was very surprised to see a beautiful girl on the horse.
03:49Gulwakuz was looking at him with great concern.
03:52Meanwhile, the other horse riders also approached him.
03:55They were all Mongolian soldiers.
03:57The special yellow marks on their clothes were clearly visible.
04:00Girl, who are you and what are you doing in this desolation?
04:05I am from the royal family.
04:07I came here for a walk and the horse got out of control.
04:10Whose daughter are you?
04:11I am the daughter of Punai Khan.
04:13Oh, do you know where your father is these days?
04:16The other soldier said in a soft tone.
04:19Gulwakuz was shocked by his tone.
04:21He shook his neck in dismay.
04:23Girl, instead of walking and having fun, take the way to your home.
04:26Your father was killed last night.
04:29In the whole inn, he is being tortured to death.
04:33What do you mean?
04:34Gulwakuz was stunned for a moment.
04:37It means what you heard and understood.
04:39Come on, now instead of wasting time here, run home.
04:42But my father had no enmity with anyone.
04:45He muttered under his tongue.
04:46Girl, how is there blood on your side?
04:49A soldier pointed to the side of his shirt.
04:52Gulwakuz was shocked to hear the blood.
04:55She quickly bent down and started looking at her side.
04:58On one side of her shirt, blood stains were clearly visible.
05:02Gulwakuz was shocked to see the blood.
05:04She thought it was possible that these blood stains were on her side while she was stabbing Sardar Manji Khan.
05:11As soon as she thought of Sardar Manji Khan, she began to feel nauseous.
05:15She had committed the crime of killing someone.
05:18She began to feel guilty among the soldiers.
05:21In a state of anxiety, she could not find an answer.
05:23She just kept talking about going home.
05:26After seeing the blood stains, the soldiers began to look at her suspiciously.
05:30They were guessing that this girl might have killed her own father.
05:35They asked for a strict answer.
05:37She began to look like Rohan Sisi.
05:39The soldiers took her into their custody, considering the matter serious.
05:43And they left for Sarai.
05:45Until Rabi-ul-Awwal 643 Hijri, Najm-ud-Din Ayyub succeeded in establishing a peaceful atmosphere in the lands of Egypt and Palestine.
05:55In order to avenge his past wounds, he ordered all the troops to prepare.
06:00He wanted to reclaim all the areas of the East from his uncle, Amad-ud-Din Ismail.
06:07As a matter of fact, Amad-ud-Din Ismail's laziness had been driving the Crusaders into these areas for a long time.
06:14Their mischief had made it difficult for the Muslims here to live.
06:19The chiefs and governors here had asked Najm-ud-Din Ayyub for help many times.
06:24But he could not pay attention to that immediately.
06:27When Amad-ud-Din Ismail was informed of Najm-ud-Din Ayyub's advance,
06:31he rushed out of Damascus with a large army, making preparations with full force.
06:37Najm-ud-Din Ayyub continued to travel at high speed.
06:41Four Jamadi-ul-Awwal 643 Hijri were besieged in front of him.
06:45An intercession began between the two, but he could not move towards any improvement.
06:50Finally, the eight Jamadi-ul-Awwal began a decisive battle.
06:55Najm-ud-Din Ayyub's army included leaders such as Faris, Ata'i, Wajih-ud-Din Bakhri,
06:59Weberus, Amir Fakhr-ud-Din, and Arsalan Atta'i, who were considered unemployed in the art of war.
07:07The battle entered a decisive phase on the second leg of the day.
07:12With Amad-ud-Din Ismail, the Crusader Caliph was also included,
07:15who did not want Najm-ud-Din Ayyub to be captured in any way in the Middle East,
07:20because it would affect all his interests.
07:24This was the first opportunity for Mamalik's prepared army to enter the battlefield.
07:29They fought with all their might.
07:31Before the start of the third leg, Amad-ud-Din's army left the battlefield and ran.
07:37When the leaders of Amad-ud-Din Ismail saw the change in the map of the battlefield,
07:41they took the form of a soldier to save their lives.
07:44Amad-ud-Din Ismail tried his best not to spread his army,
07:48but he failed and died fighting.
07:52Najm-ud-Din Ayyub won the battle.
07:55He freed Amad-ud-Din Ismail's captured army,
07:59and placed the nine Jamadi-ul-Awwal as conquerors in Damascus.
08:05The Umara of Damascus, as usual, welcomed the new sultan.
08:09Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub stayed here for a while,
08:12corrected various corruptions,
08:15and punished the Crusaders by arresting them.
08:18Under the leadership of different Umara in the Crusades,
08:21missions were sent to the Crusades,
08:23and they were forced to retreat and move towards the coastal fortresses.
08:27Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub, like Egypt and Palestine,
08:30wanted to make reforms in other areas as well,
08:34so instead of returning to Egypt,
08:36he migrated to Hammad in the early 644 Hijri,
08:40and conquered it after a decisive battle.
08:43The Middle East had again joined his rule.
08:47Like Damascus, new reforms were made in Hammad as well,
08:51and he spent almost the entire year here.
08:54At the end of the year, on the 19th of Zikada,
08:57Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub returned from Hammad and reached Damascus.
09:01After staying here for a few days,
09:03he returned to Egypt.
09:05Now, in the areas under his control,
09:07Egypt, Palestine, and the Middle East were included.
09:11Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub set up schools in places
09:14to bring the strayed Muslims to the right path,
09:17so that the new generations could be enlightened
09:20in the true meaning of Islamic teachings.
09:23Along with these schools,
09:25military camps were established in different areas,
09:28where the youth were trained in the art of war.
09:31In the early 645 Hijri,
09:33his younger brother, Saif-ud-Din Abu Bakr,
09:36left the prison of Qala-e-Qahira.
09:40He was a former sultan of Egypt.
09:43He had been in captivity for about eight and a half years.
09:46When Najm-ud-Din Ayyub found out,
09:48he came there himself,
09:50and after giving him a bath,
09:52he was quietly buried outside Bab-un-Nasr
09:54in the graveyard of Shams-ud-Din.
09:57In the year 646 Hijri,
09:59Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub left Qala-e-Qahira
10:02with a complete army in the land of Shams,
10:05and reached Damascus by the beginning of Shaban.
10:09When he arrived here,
10:11he found out that the governor of Homs
10:13had raised the flag of rebellion,
10:15so he sent a large army under the leadership
10:17of Arsalan Attai,
10:19which besieged Homs,
10:21and the people of the city,
10:23he arrested Al-Mulk-ul-Ashraf himself
10:25and handed him over to Arsalan Attai.
10:27When Al-Mulk-ul-Ashraf was presented
10:29to Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub,
10:31he agreed.
10:33While forgiving him,
10:35he was transferred to the prison
10:37for the crime of rebellion.
10:39The father of Al-Mulk-ul-Ashraf
10:41had allied with Sultan's uncle
10:43Amad-ud-Din Ismail and captured
10:45the land of Sharqiyah in the past.
10:47The punishment for this act was given to his son.
10:49Najm-ud-Din Ayyub stayed in Damascus
10:51for the rest of his life.
10:53Here, his health began to deteriorate,
10:55so he returned to Egypt.
10:57Now, from Syria to Egypt,
10:59he had no opponent left.
11:01After Sultan Salahuddin Ayyub,
11:03he was the second great ruler
11:05who had included such a great leader
11:07in his empire.
11:09Faras-ud-Din Akhtai was from
11:11the land of Qazvin.
11:13He came to Egypt six years ago.
11:15Faras-ud-Din Akhtai was also a victim
11:17of the brutal barbarism of the Tatars.
11:19Faras-ud-Din Akhtai was mercilessly
11:21killed in front of his eyes
11:23and was imprisoned for life.
11:25When this happened,
11:27he was six years old.
11:29As time passed,
11:31he arrived in the land of Egypt.
11:33Najm-ud-Din Ayyub,
11:35when the army of Mamalik was gathering,
11:37he was also bought.
11:39After Baibars,
11:41he was the second special person
11:43chosen by Abu Khuwailid
11:45for Harb-e-Uloom.
11:47He was seven years older than Baibars.
11:49The right education and training
11:51had made him a man of character
11:53like Farast and Danai.
11:55He soon became a member
11:57of the Amaidin-e-Sultanate
11:59and was appointed as the
12:01Ameer of a large part of the army.
12:03Under the leadership of Sultan Najm-ud-Din,
12:05he fought many battles
12:07in Damascus and its surroundings.
12:09Due to his generosity and bravery,
12:11he was accepted and famous
12:13in the eyes of the Sultan.
12:15He had established
12:17a deep friendship between the two.
12:19Along with being the Ameer of the
12:21Baibars-Sultanate,
12:23he was also responsible for other affairs.
12:25Whenever he got a chance,
12:27he would go to the service
12:29of Sheikh Izz-ud-Din.
12:31Sheikh Izz-ud-Din also paid
12:33special attention to him.
12:35Farast was a devout Muslim,
12:37but he did not have much desire
12:39for Islamic poetry.
12:41He was often opposed to these matters.
12:43He was reluctant to sit
12:45with Sheikh Izz-ud-Din.
12:47The Baibars offered him
12:49to accompany him many times,
12:51but he refused on some or the other
12:53pretext. In 647 Hijri,
12:55Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub was
12:57present in the Shami areas.
12:59His health deteriorated repeatedly,
13:01which reduced the speed of travel.
13:03He wanted to leave Damascus
13:05and reach Cairo, but due to
13:07poor health, he had to stay
13:09for several months.
13:11Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub was
13:13healthy. Queen Shajrat-ud-Dar
13:15was also with the Sultan,
13:17and from time to time,
13:19she would visit him.
13:21One evening, Qasid from the
13:23coastal areas informed Sultan
13:25Najm-ud-Din Ayyub that the
13:27Crusader army had attacked
13:29the coast of Egypt.
13:31Upon receiving the news,
13:33Najm-ud-Din Ayyub forgot
13:35his illness and traveled
13:37at full speed to Ashmom,
13:39which led to the thought
13:41of reclaiming the Holy Land
13:43once again in the Crusaders
13:45in 647 Hijri. This time,
13:47this mission was at the feet
13:49of the King of France,
13:51Louis Nehemi. The whole
13:53process was considered
13:55to free the Holy House
13:57from the Muslims. After
13:59various consultations,
14:01the result was that until
14:03Sultan Najm-ud-Din Ayyub was
14:05defeated, it was not possible
14:07to capture the Holy Land.
14:09According to Christian historians,
14:11it was worthy of being called
14:13the Holy Crusade in
14:15real terms, in which there
14:17was no other purpose other
14:19than freeing the Holy Land
14:21from the Muslims. According
14:23to historians, King Louis Nehemi
14:25had ascended to the East
14:27with religious passion and
14:29religious zeal, and his
14:31sole purpose was to free
14:33the Holy Lands from the
14:35Muslims. His predecessors,
14:37the Crusaders, did not
14:39attack the Holy Land
14:41only on the basis of religious
14:43zeal, but also to enrich
14:45themselves with money and
14:47prisoners, and to establish
14:49their kingdom in the green
14:51and fertile areas there.
14:53These historians have written
14:55a little too much about
14:57Louis Nehemi. Especially
14:59in reference to his biography,
15:01they write that he was a
15:03righteous, religious king
15:05whose heart and mind were
15:07filled with the passion of
15:09the Christian religion.
15:11In the battlefield, he
15:13became a shepherd of bravery
15:15and did not let patience
15:17and steadfastness go to waste
15:19in times of trouble.
15:21That is why the Christians
15:23still remember him as
15:25Saint Louis. The real reason
15:27for attacking the land of
15:29Egypt was that it was
15:31the land of the Crusaders.
15:33If the Crusaders had been
15:35annihilated, then there was
15:37no power left that could
15:39stand in their way.
15:41King Louis, with his
15:43fierce army, set out
15:45for Egypt on Friday
15:47on 20 June 647
15:49and easily captured
15:51the area of Hira
15:53on the day of the week.
15:55The Crusaders were
15:57forced by their
15:59enemies to retreat.
16:01Here they faced a little
16:03resistance, but soon they
16:05succeeded in their evil
16:07purpose and the city
16:09fell into their hands.
16:11Here, too, their treatment
16:13was no different.
16:15The city was mercilessly
16:17besieged. Many people
16:19fled their homes
16:21in fear of the Crusaders.
16:23By the 22nd journey,
16:25the Crusaders had
16:27captured Hira.
16:29When they were informed
16:31of the attack, they
16:33rushed to Mansura
16:35by flight. They had
16:37set up camp here
16:39because the Crusaders
16:41could pass through
16:43this plain and
16:45go to the other
16:47side of the city.
16:49King Louis had also
16:51been informed
16:53of the arrival of
16:55and Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayyub was lying on his bed.
16:58The Sultan encouraged him to not worry.
17:02He would recover well before the war began
17:05and would himself go down to the battlefield
17:08and punish the Crusaders for entering the land of Egypt.
17:11On the night of 15th Shaban, 647 Hijri,
17:14Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayyub suffered such a long cough
17:18that he died as soon as his soul left his body.
17:20The Sultan of Egypt had given up the dream of defeating the Crusaders.
17:25This stage was very important for the Queen of Shajarat-ud-Dar and the Imaidin-e-Khas.
17:30The enemy's armies had been camped in front of him.
17:33There were many of them.
17:35On the other hand, fate made Sultan Najm-ud-din Ayyub's wish come true.
17:38The whole army was shaken by the news of his death.
17:41The effects of the clear defeat of the Muslims were clearly visible.
17:46On the other hand, Gulbaqoz was confined to a narrow area of the city of Saray for two days.
17:52He was arrested several miles away from Saray.
17:55The bloodstains on his shirt made him a criminal.
17:59In the darkness of the night, an unknown attacker had put his father to sleep.
18:05When he came to know of this, he was overwhelmed with grief.
18:08His father was a man of great stature.
18:10He was counted among the late Umaris of Saray.
18:13Besides, he was one of the administrators of the Sultanate.
18:16He had no expectation of such a brutal murder of a strong statesman.
18:21Most of them were in great fear.
18:24They were afraid that it might be their turn.
18:27When the news of Gulbaqoz's arrival in Kotawali became known,
18:30that when he was arrested, he was running away after killing his father,
18:35the faces of those Umaris began to look content.
18:38They began to call the death of Kunai Khan a domestic tragedy.
18:42However, many people were still worried.
18:45Most of them were close to Kunai Khan's house.
18:49They did not feel anything between the father and daughter that could cause murder.
18:54They thought that the matter was actually something else
18:57and was being forced to make it a domestic tragedy.
19:01In their minds, Birgai Khan's dispute with Kunai Khan was also safe.
19:05It was just a coincidence that that evening,
19:07Birgai Khan had set out with the soldiers from Saray for the surrounding of the Zargai tribe,
19:12on the night of Kunai Khan's murder.
19:14Those people were calling Kunai Khan's murder as Birgai Khan's doing.
19:20Gulbaqoz was brought out after a week of observation.
19:23He participated in his father's last rites.
19:26In Mongolia, the custom of burying men was different.
19:30They would make a big taikhana
19:32and decorate the whole house with furniture and put a dead body on a large bench.
19:38After that, they would appoint a slave to protect the body,
19:42who was considered to be a special loyal servant of the master.
19:45After that, the body was kept in the taikhana with great care
19:48and this taikhana was completely closed from above.
19:52On the surface of the taikhana, mud and stones were thrown according to the mind.
20:03The Zargai Khan
20:07The Zargai Khan