Basic Tutorial of Linear Perspective
For the realization of these examples on basic linear perspective I have used a tool that I consider very useful for learning linear perspective. Such a tool is one of the many three-dimensional video games that currently exist, which by means of a three-dimensional graphic engine has the ability to generate complex linear perspectives in real time and in an exact way.
#perspective #technicaldrawing
#perspective #technicaldrawing
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00:00For the realization of these examples on basic linear perspective, I have used a tool that
00:10I consider very useful for learning linear perspective.
00:14Such a tool is one of the many three-dimensional video games that currently exist, which by
00:18means of a three-dimensional graphic engine has the ability to generate complex linear
00:23perspectives in real time and in an exact way.
00:26But before we begin, we need to learn a couple of key concepts about linear perspective.
00:32All the lines that vanish or converge on the same point are parallel to each other.
00:36We call horizontal the lines that converge on the horizon, and vertical those that are
00:40perpendicular to the horizontal.
00:43Vertical lines are also defined as those that point towards the center of the earth, like
00:47the line formed by the chord of a bricklayer's plumb line.
00:51In the images that we will see next, the blue line represents the horizon, which is always
00:56horizontal, and the center of the aquamarine circle represents the viewer's point of view.
01:05Here we look at a window in a completely frontal way.
01:09Since we have our point of view located on the horizon, the vertical lines remain parallel
01:14and therefore do not converge.
01:18Now we look a bit upwards.
01:21We see that the vertical lines converge towards the sky, towards a vanishing point located
01:25above our head, called zenith.
01:30Now we look a bit downwards.
01:33We see that the vertical lines converge towards the ground, towards a vanishing point located
01:37under our feet, called nadir.
01:42This is an example of front or parallel perspective.
01:46It is characterized by having a single vanishing point, which is located on the horizon and
01:51coincides with our point of view.
01:56Now we see an example with two vanishing points, which are located on the horizon.
02:01As we also have our point of view located on the horizon, the vertical lines do not converge.
02:09Here we have an example with three vanishing points.
02:12When turning the view upwards, we see that the vertical lines converge upwards, towards
02:17a vanishing point located above our head, called zenith.
02:23And here we have the opposite example with three vanishing points.
02:27When turning the view downwards, we see that the vertical lines converge downwards, towards
02:32a vanishing point located under our feet, called nadir.
02:38And finally, see where the sides of the stairs converge.
02:42The horizontal lines on the wall to the left converge on the horizon, precisely because
02:47they are horizontal, while those on the sides of the stair converge on a point above the
02:51horizon, because they are inclined.
02:54If they were inclined downwards, they would converge on a point below the horizon.
02:59The distance from the vanishing point to the horizon is determined by the angle of inclination
03:03of the lines.
03:07As we have seen, there are three basic conditions for a vanishing point, convergence of horizontal
03:12lines at the horizon, convergence of vertical lines at the poles, zenith and nadir, and
03:18convergence of inclined lines somewhere between the horizon and the poles.
03:22The choice of perspective greatly affects the aesthetics of a visual composition, since
03:27it can be balanced and harmonious or, conversely, unbalanced and strident.