Hazardous Area/Zone Classification
Hazardous Area/Zone Classification
Zone 0
Zone 1 &
Zone 2
Zone 0
Zone 1 &
Zone 2
Category
📚
LearningTranscript
00:00Hello everyone. How are you all? I am your friend Girish Deshmukh and I welcome you all to my YouTube channel.
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00:26So friends, today's topic is Hazardous Area Classification.
00:31This is a very critical subject from the point of view of industrial health and safety.
00:38Because in today's video, we will see what is Hazardous Area Classification?
00:43What are its different categories?
00:45And what are the basic requirements of this classification?
00:54And particularly, we will see a basic idea that how each Hazardous Area, which we also call Hazardous Zone, is classified?
01:05What is its significance?
01:07And lastly, we will see how these areas are classified?
01:14So, as an example, we will discuss a situation-based scenario in today's topic.
01:21Let's start today's discussion.
01:23Hazardous Area
01:25What do we call Hazardous Area?
01:27Industry to industry, different activities, different materials are used.
01:34In this way, Hazardous Area or Hazardous Zone, the criteria of each industry is slightly different.
01:41But the most important thing is that in the Hazardous Area industry, we call those areas or zones where there is a very high risk of explosion.
01:55Any such location where there can be an explosion, where there is a probability, those locations are called Hazardous Areas.
02:04Now friends, what is an explosion?
02:06Why does an explosion occur?
02:08Explosion is called a blast or a sudden release of energy or a sudden outbreak.
02:16And why does it happen?
02:18There are different reasons for it.
02:20Typically, the common thing in it is that whenever there is a blast, there is a particularly work environment where there is a chance of explosion or probability or risk.
02:32In that location, there is a highly flammable or explosive environment atmosphere, friends, due to which explosions occur.
02:41And see, there are different activities in each industry.
02:45So, depending on the activities, depending on the material, the Hazardous Area location there is different.
02:53Its requirements are also specific as per the work site or area or activity, we can call it.
03:00So friends, now to cause an explosion, as we saw that flammable or explosive gases, vapor or mist or explosive dust should be available in that particular environment.
03:12Only then can there be an explosion in that location.
03:14Or the level of risk of the explosion depends on two factors.
03:20One is the frequency of occurrence and the other is the duration of the explosion.
03:27So how long it will occur?
03:29So these two things are duration of the occurrence as well as the frequency.
03:34Means how many times there is a chance of explosion in such locations and for how long the probability or risk of the explosion remains in that particular environment.
03:44These two things are very important to consider.
03:48And friends, the level of risk for an explosion, particularly the gases, vapors and mist in the atmosphere.
03:59For that, it has been categorized or classified in three zones.
04:04Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2.
04:07And similarly, friends, where there is a chance or probability of dust explosion, those zones are classified as Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22.
04:21So let's see what components are important for an explosion.
04:27A key role of which is necessary for an explosion.
04:32And this Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2, this hazardous area classification in the industries.
04:39On what basis has it been classified?
04:42We will discuss that a little.
04:44So basically, friends, as you can see on the screen, three components have been mentioned here.
04:50Which are very essential for an explosion at any work site.
04:54And the first element or component that we call is flammable substance.
04:59Availability of flammable substance at work site.
05:02In any location where we handle flammable or highly flammable products, store or transport.
05:11So in such a situation where there is a probability or chance of flammable vapors, mist or dust being generated from any type.
05:19At that place, as a source, as a fuel, these flammable substances work.
05:28Now the next component that is necessary for an explosion.
05:32Oxygen should be available in a particular location in a high amount.
05:37If there is only flammable material in a location, but there is no oxygen supply in that location.
05:42Oxygen is not available in a sufficient amount.
05:44So in such situations, the probability of an explosion is very low.
05:49And the second, third thing is the ignition source.
05:54We see in fire that if there is ignition, then there will be a chain reaction, then only fire can happen.
05:58In the same way, to cause an explosion, the ignition source is also needed.
06:03Spark or heat.
06:05Now the ignition source can be spark or heat.
06:08Like we see in highly sensitive work area where highly flammable products are stored.
06:14What generally happens there is that the electrical fittings should be intrinsically safe.
06:19Intrinsically safe means those explosion-proof installations are necessary in that location.
06:27To avoid any kind of spark in the electrical installations.
06:31So let's see the category of zones or classification of different zones.
06:37What specific characteristics are they based on?
06:40So first of all, Zone 0.
06:42So what is Zone 0?
06:44So Zone 0 is a location where a highly explosive mixture is available.
06:51Means where a lot of flammable products or explosive products are always exposed in the atmosphere for a longer period of time.
07:00Means there the risk and probability of explosion are both at a high level.
07:06Means in Zone 0, the frequency of explosion is very high.
07:12So this is a highly hazardous location, we can say.
07:15So in these three zones, Zone 0, the explosive atmosphere is continuous.
07:23Now what is Zone 1?
07:27Zone 1 is such an area where the explosive atmosphere is not continuous, it is not permanent.
07:33But sometimes it becomes an explosive atmosphere during their normal operation.
07:39For example, where there is some maintenance or repair activity going on.
07:45Or let's say you have to do some maintenance job in a big storage tank.
07:50Where already flammable products are kept.
07:52So there the residual risk of flammable vapors and gases is there.
07:57So if it is not properly controlled, not considered before operations.
08:02Then there is a very big chance of explosion there.
08:05So in this type of locations in the industry or in the workplace, Zone 1 is categorized.
08:13Now this is a moderate risk zone, we can say.
08:19Compared to Zone 0.
08:21Now what is Zone 2?
08:23Zone 2 is such a workplace that creates or makes a very unlikely explosive atmosphere.
08:32Because the chances of explosion there are very rare.
08:35Because there is no continuous explosive atmosphere available there.
08:39And there is no such type of activity going on there due to which the explosion can happen.
08:45Unless and until some accident happens.
08:47So there can be an explosion there accidentally.
08:51Due to some unsafe act or unsafe condition or some sudden activity.
08:56So there is a chance of explosion there.
09:02But compared to Zone 0 and Zone 1.
09:06Zone 2 is a safest zone compared to both these zones.
09:13So let's see as an example.
09:16There is a scenario on your screen.
09:19How Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2 are categorized.
09:23So this is an example of a petrol station on your screen.
09:28Here a fuel tank is being unloaded from an underground storage tank.
09:38And you can see a vehicle there.
09:43In which fuel is being filled.
09:46So here you can see that Zone 1, Zone 0 and Zone 2 are highlighted.
09:53So let's try to understand this.
09:56So as we discussed that what is Zone 0?
09:59Zone 0 is a highly hazardous location or site.
10:04Why? Because there is a continuous explosive atmosphere.
10:08As we said that there is a continuous explosive atmosphere in Zone 0.
10:12So as you can see that fuel is being stored in the underground storage tank.
10:18So in the fuel station, where there is a highly flammable material like diesel or petrol.
10:24Already 24x7 fuel is being stored in the underground storage tank.
10:29So there is a highly flammable or highly explosive atmosphere continuously.
10:33So the probability of risk and occurrence of explosion are both at a high level.
10:42So it is a high risk location.
10:44If you look at Zone 1, in both the situations.
10:48Zone 1 where fuel is being filled in a car or fuel is being unloaded from a tanker.
10:54In both the situations, fuel is being unloaded or filled in a car or tanker through a nozzle or pipeline.
11:05So in such a situation, there is a moderate risk.
11:08Why? Because the nozzle or pipe fittings used in loading and unloading activities are explosive proof.
11:16But accidentally, suppose something happens.
11:20So in such a situation, the explosive mixture gets ready in a certain location in that particular area.
11:29As we have seen, if there is some maintenance or repair going on.
11:34Suppose there is fueling going on here, from where a little fuel is leaking.
11:38And there is something like cutting, welding, grinding going on nearby.
11:42So in such a situation, the chances of explosion increase.
11:45So this is Zone 1.
11:46If you look at Zone 2, it is shown in the outer cover that it is the safest zone.
11:53There is a very low probability of explosive mixture being prepared there.
11:56Because there is no leakage or spillage or any such activity there.
11:59Because of which some explosion happens.
12:02Unless some sudden accidental scenario is generated.
12:06Or a situation arises due to which an explosion occurs.
12:10Means there is some overhead hot works or something like that is going on.
12:14Explosion can occur in such a way.
12:16But considerably, in comparison to Zone 0 and Zone 1, Zone 2 is the safest area in this scenario.
12:27And in many petrol stations, we notice that do not use your mobile phone.
12:32Or switch off your mobile phone.
12:34Because the rays in your mobile phone are particularly not rated in this hazardous area location.
12:42Not rated means it is not of that standard due to which the explosion can be avoided.
12:48Means there is a probability.
12:50Even if the chances are less, there is a probability.
12:52So to avoid this kind of situation, mobile phones are shown restricted in petrol stations.
12:59And when you live in a petrol station, you live in Zone 1.
13:03Wherever you do fueling.
13:05So this is a scenario we discussed here.
13:09Hazardous area classification.
13:12So friends, I hope you got some new and useful information through this video.
13:19If you like my video, then please like, share and spread awareness among the HAC community.
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