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00:30The harbour. It springs up in the MĂĽritz National Park and forms one of the most important river and lake landscapes in Europe.
00:46The enormous animal wealth is closely linked to the river.
00:54It offers the stage for fascinating stories.
01:00But the harbour is also a waterway. On its way to the mouth of the Elbe, man is omnipresent.
01:20Nature and man have long been in conflict. Along the harbour, this is slowly beginning to change.
01:31Winter in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
01:43Winter in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
01:48The spring lakes of the harbour lie under an ice layer.
01:51A guest from the south of Europe. The silver-collar worker at work.
02:05The ice edge is very thin. But it's no use. He has to run to the open water to hunt.
02:14His bony beak is a deadly weapon. But only if his prey is not faster.
02:26This time it worked, even if it was only a small fish.
02:33The big one attracts the otter ashore.
02:36His advantage, he can dive for the fish.
02:47The silver-collar worker stays close. Maybe the otter leaves a rest here.
02:58A devastating game of patience begins.
03:01The harbour springs up in the north of the MĂĽritz National Park from spring lakes.
03:07A beautiful concrete shell marks the beginning of the river, because a real spring is missing.
03:16The harbour water flows 334 kilometers from here to the Elbe.
03:23In the spring area, the young harbour is open even in the middle of winter.
03:26The bays and lakes downstream are mostly frozen.
03:32Bad times for sea eagles, because they only find a few prey now.
03:41A few fish are frozen on the edge of a pond.
03:45Such a natural refrigerator is therefore a popular attraction.
03:50Especially young eagles come here to eat.
03:55They are recognizable by the spotty dark plumage and the dark beak.
04:01They still look helpless and curious.
04:05What kind of big discs are these, for example? Can you eat them?
04:11Or at least play with them?
04:20The young harbour is a perfect place for them.
04:24They can spend the whole day here.
04:28The young harbour is a perfect place for them.
04:39It doesn't seem to be quite clear to the eagles.
04:44But what is hidden under the ice is much more interesting.
04:52The deep-frozen food attracts eagles from many kilometers around.
04:57The harder the winter, the more of the big birds of prey gather.
05:07The fish are defended with threats.
05:11Only attacks from the air help.
05:18In general, everyone tries their luck.
05:21Only the experienced old birds stay out and wait for the right moment.
05:37And the right moment has come, when someone wants to secure his prey from the hungry moult.
05:52The old eagle needs only one try.
06:00And the young have learned something again.
06:11The winter gatherings only dissolve when ice and snow disappear and the sea eagles are back everywhere at the harbour.
06:22A few kilometers away from the spring lakes, the harbour becomes wider.
06:28Small ships can already sail.
06:32For the most part, the shores are nature-dependent and fenced with reeds.
06:37Especially on the numerous lakes that the river connects with each other and that make it so extraordinary.
06:43Here is the nursery of many species of fish.
06:47The reed jungle of the Havelufer is like made for the king of predators, the pike.
06:54In every lake, the animals have spawned in March.
06:58In the warmer water on the shore, the eggs can develop quickly.
07:08After about ten days, the young pikes hatch.
07:17Thanks to a special headdress, the larvae can stick to plants.
07:22In the first days, they live off the stock in their burrow.
07:38But after four days, they look like real fish.
07:42The typical pike head is already recognizable.
07:46And as it should be for a predator, the mini-pikes immediately go on the hunt.
07:53Some portions, however, are a bit too big.
07:57The first days of spring at the harbour.
08:01The sun is already warming a little and creates a mating atmosphere in the bird world.
08:05It is particularly loud and exciting with the gray geese.
08:15The first days of spring at the harbour.
08:19The sun is already warming a little and creates a mating atmosphere in the bird world.
08:28It is particularly loud and exciting with the gray geese.
08:35The male goose has plenty of ground to snort.
08:39A foreign pair has entered his territory.
08:49Impress your own female and at the same time keep the intruders at a distance.
08:55That's a lot of work for the goose.
09:05The male goose has plenty of ground to snort.
09:09A foreign pair has entered his territory.
09:13A foreign pair has entered his territory.
09:30He does not deal much more hostilely with his own female partner.
09:33But this is normal with geese.
09:46The bond between the two is thus closed.
09:50And little by little, peace returns to the geese territories.
09:58The breeding season begins.
10:03The first days of spring at the harbour.
10:18In the forests along the harbour it gets colorful.
10:22The larch spawn spreads its flower carpets.
10:26Hummingbirds come to collect nectar.
10:29The larch spawn hides the sweet energy drink in its deep calf.
10:36For garden hummels with their long trunks, this is no problem.
10:40They drink from the calf and pollinate the plant.
10:45The earth hummel with its short trunks should actually be empty.
10:50But she helps herself with a trick.
10:52The hummel stings the bottom of the calf from the outside
10:56and simply sucks up the nectar.
10:59And the larch spawn goes out empty when pollinated.
11:06The flower pots on the forest floor are of short duration.
11:10The larch spawn only blooms until the trees close their leaves.
11:23The Harbour of Brandenburg
11:31On its way south, the harbour reaches Brandenburg
11:35and wanders through the forests of the nature park Uckermärkische Seen.
11:39Since 1997, the area of ​​the size of Berlin has been under protection.
11:52On over 100 kilometers of water hiking trails,
11:56you can explore the area at the harbour
11:59and experience a unique animal world in many places.
12:10Beavers have spread everywhere since the 1990s.
12:17Inside the man's high beaver castle, the mother takes care of the offspring.
12:23In their first four to six weeks of life, the young remain in the building.
12:29There is not much to do there while waiting for the next meal.
12:44The mother breastfeeds the young beavers for two to two and a half months.
12:49The little ones, however, can already eat plants at the age of eight days.
12:55Now, however, the mother's milk bath is the first choice.
13:08Right next to the beaver castle, the offspring of the turtles is dragged.
13:13The turtles feed on algae and plant particles in the shore.
13:19They have long become the target of a skilful hunter.
13:24The larvae of the blue-green mosaic jungle lurk on the ground.
13:32She imitates the turtle with a hunting tool that is unique in the animal kingdom.
13:42A catch mask, a special embellishment of the lip of the dragonfly.
13:48The catch mask speeds up in two hundredths of a second.
13:53This can only be seen in slow motion.
14:13After two to three years in the water, the dragonfly larvae climb ashore and make a wonderful change.
14:23They turn into a flying insect.
14:27A process that can take five hours.
14:30The dragonfly pumps air into her body to literally drive it out of the skin.
14:39The most dangerous moment of her life.
14:42She is now completely helpless and wounded.
15:12The wings are folded at the beginning and only have to be inflated.
15:18They are still milky and soft like the whole insect.
15:24Since the body of the adult animal resembles the larvae,
15:28in contrast to butterflies, one speaks of an incomplete transformation.
15:32The pale body turns into the typical drawing of the mosaic jungle.
15:37Now the dragonfly only has to harden in the sun and her second life begins.
15:42As a flying insect, looking for a partner.
15:55In the middle of the jungle, the dragonfly has to find a partner.
16:00In summer, Havel attracts numerous water tourists.
16:05Be a captain yourself.
16:08At the many lakes of the Oberhavel, which are lined up like on a pearl line, no problem.
16:19Gliding there quietly and being really close to the river.
16:24You can't do that anywhere better than at the Oberhavel.
16:29The region is extremely densely populated and therefore a perfect habitat for the largest domestic bird of prey, the sea eagle.
16:50On a tree just a few meters from the harbour, the mother eagle and her offspring are waiting for food.
17:00The little ones are about five weeks old and always hungry.
17:05All begging doesn't help. First the father has to catch a fish.
17:09The mother flies towards him.
17:14The visit probably reminds the male of his duties.
17:18Finally it's time for prey.
17:23The young ones in the meantime digest the remains.
17:26On good hunting days, the birds of prey lay down supplies in the house.
17:32The father has discovered something.
17:34The sea eagle.
17:51Sea eagles often prey on sick or dead fish that swim on the surface.
17:57The couple shares the work.
18:00The father catches, the mother feeds.
18:02With her huge beak she tears off small pieces, just big enough for the young.
18:12The father seems to like the taste.
18:15He sets off again for the prey flight.
18:20However, he keeps the second fish of the day for himself.
18:27His family is well fed for the first time.
18:33The sea eagles appreciate the harbour because of its fish abundance.
18:38The people in Annenwalde used the river as a means of transport centuries ago.
18:44The place, in the heart of the Uckermark lake landscape,
18:48has a population of just 100.
18:51However, it is well known because of its glass hut.
18:55One of the most beautiful places in Uckermark.
18:58However, it is well known because of its glass hut.
19:02A glassmaker from Mecklenburg built it in 1754.
19:07The fuel came over the harbour to melt the glass.
19:13In 2000, the glassmaker and sculptor Werner Kothe
19:18and a few companions revived the old craft in Annenwalde.
19:23A few weeks later.
19:26A drama took place with the sea eagles.
19:31Only the older young bird survived.
19:34Its little brother is dead in the house.
19:39Under unfavorable breeding conditions, it often hits the nest.
19:52Bad weather makes life difficult for the eagle parents.
19:56When it rains, they don't see their prey in the water properly.
20:00The boy is constantly hungry and becomes more and more aggressive.
20:04But the mother can't do anything.
20:07The father had no success.
20:11With such a rabid offspring, only the flight remains.
20:15They wait for better weather
20:18and keep diet with leftovers from the day before.
20:30In the Röhricht on the Havelufer, another mother also takes care of her offspring.
20:36A dwarf mouse, just before the move.
20:39Their little ones are five days old.
20:42The smell of the old nest could attract enemies.
20:46So the little ones are quartered by hand.
20:49Since the dwarf mouse lives in the reed
20:52and builds ball nests at a height of one meter,
20:55it is not so easy.
20:58Each young one is transported individually
21:01via the fluctuating rescue path in the mouth.
21:04A power act, which is necessary
21:07so that no fox or marten
21:22can enter the nest.
21:33About 50 kilometers north of Berlin, the Havel changes its face.
21:38The Zedenecker Tonstiche.
21:41In 1887, abundant clay deposits were discovered here.
21:45Around 1900, the region developed
21:48into one of the largest brick regions in Europe.
21:52The old brick railway still remembers this time
21:56in the brick park Mildenberg.
21:58The park is one of the most important industrial culture cities in Germany.
22:05The journey through the Tonstich area
22:08is not just a journey into industrial history.
22:11Gray geese greet their young
22:14at the ponds and on the meadows in between.
22:17They have also got used to the visits of people
22:20as well as to the noise of the old locomotives.
22:31The iron monstrum is still no reason
22:34for the little geese to interrupt their nesting.
22:37After all, the parents always have a watchful eye on the offspring.
22:47This will change soon.
22:48At the latest after two months, the chicks will have to cope on their own.
23:05The Havel flows towards Berlin.
23:08With the proximity to the capital, nature steps into the background.
23:13The river expert of the NABU, Rokko Buchter, sees this critically.
23:18River fortifications force the river at Oranienburg everywhere.
23:23It could go a little wilder,
23:27says the nature guardian,
23:30who is in charge of the renaturation of the Havel.
23:34First of all, you have to realize
23:37that there is no traffic here at all.
23:39And so these stone fortifications are not necessary here.
23:43There are no claims to see that it is justified.
23:47Completely natural banks could be allowed here.
23:53Rokko Buchter cannot discover much nature at the Havel in Oranienburg.
23:58However, the fortified banks and the people on the river
24:02do not disturb one animal.
24:04The nutria.
24:10The rodent, which is often thought to be a beaver,
24:14has rapidly multiplied at the Havel.
24:23Just like beavers, nutrias feed on vegetables.
24:27They are native to South America
24:30and were bred in fur farms in the GDR
24:33because of their dense fur.
24:36After the turn of the century,
24:39breeding became unprofitable
24:42and many animals were simply released.
24:45The nutria, which is often thought to be a beaver,
24:49is not a beaver.
24:52It is a rodent.
24:55The Havel
25:00They can become a plague at the waters,
25:03because they dig their burrows into the banks
25:06and can pierce the dams.
25:10The Havel reaches the capital Berlin.
25:17At the citadel of Spandau, the Spree flows into the Havel.
25:21The castle was built in the Middle Ages.
25:24It is one of the most beautiful renaissance castles in Germany
25:28and already during the day an impressive view.
25:34It gets really exciting, especially at night,
25:37in the citadel.
25:43There is still peace in the fire passages of the bastions.
25:47But when the sun has set,
25:50it becomes alive in the old wall.
25:57bats are swarming through the endless corridors,
26:01where the cannons thundered centuries ago,
26:04today the threatened mammals are overwintering.
26:08The bats are the only ones
26:11who can survive in the wild.
26:14It is swarming season.
26:17The bats' mothers show their young
26:20the future winter quarters in late summer.
26:23The bats will crawl into cracks and crevices in the masonry.
26:33Researchers counted around 10,000 animals
26:36who slept in the castle during the winter.
26:39The bats are the only ones
26:41who slept in the castle during the winter.
26:47The citadel is therefore
26:50one of the largest bat quarters in Europe.
26:53Somewhere vacation is more beautiful
26:56than in the famous beach of Bad Wannsee.
26:59At least many Berliners think so,
27:14and for over 100 years.
27:17Shortly after the opening in 1907,
27:19over 200,000 bathers came to Bad Wannsee,
27:22as many as today throughout the year.
27:27Just as typical and famous as the beach bath
27:30are the hedgehogs for Wannsee and Havel.
27:34Conny Frobös sang the bath
27:37with her little sister,
27:40but even Theodor Fontane described the big white birds.
27:44In the days of the poet, however, they were eaten,
27:46because they were easy to hunt.
27:54On their way through the lakes
27:57between Berlin and Potsdam,
28:00the port touches many places in German history.
28:03The Glienicke Bridge,
28:06which became known as the bridge of agents in the Cold War.
28:09For tourists, it is a permanent visitation program.
28:12The place where the USA and the Soviet Union
28:14exchanged their camouflaged spies.
28:19The Hans-Otto-Theater.
28:24The Dutch Quarter.
28:29The Nau Natur.
28:33And the Nikolai Church.
28:36Attractions along the Havel
28:39that make Potsdam so special.
28:42But there is also a place for nature in Potsdam.
28:47In the Nutepark, in the middle of the city,
28:50beavers are at home.
28:53A few branches on the shore show
28:56that this is their castle.
28:59The little beavers came out of the building
29:02in the last evening light.
29:05The parents have already taught them the most important thing.
29:08Feather care is a must for beavers.
29:11After all, the dense fur must protect
29:14against cold and wetness.
29:23Even the jump into the water
29:26must be practiced by beavers.
29:29At first they are even water-shy,
29:32but they can swim from birth.
29:35The second most important thing for a beaver
29:38they are learning now.
29:42The little beavers will be on their excursions
29:45quickly learn from their parents around the castle.
29:50The green belts along the Havel
29:53are their dining room.
29:56Weeding, herring and poplar are the main food.
30:12A beaver has to weed
30:15a good 150 meters of branches every night
30:18to get full.
30:21He fertilizes everything from the bark
30:24to the leaves.
30:31The beaver in the middle of Potsdam
30:34was not always like this.
30:37For a long time, the big beavers
30:39were hunted and the destruction of their habitats
30:42made it difficult for them.
30:47Only targeted protection measures
30:50since the 1960s
30:53led to the beavers
30:56spreading out again from the Elbe.
31:01Just behind Potsdam, towards Werder,
31:04the Havel honors its name.
31:06Buchtenreicher Fluss means
31:09the Slavic word for Havel.
31:12Sea rides on sea, like in the nature reserve
31:15Ketziner Havelinseln.
31:28Reefs run along the shore for kilometers.
31:31In this jungle of reeds
31:33there are specialists at home.
31:36They are adapted to life in the reeds.
31:46A pair of drosselrohr singers
31:49has set up their nest in the swinging reed forest.
31:52The four boys in the fall are constantly hungry,
31:55so that both parents have to provide for the brood.
32:00They don't have to fly far.
32:03The shores of the Havel are full of insects.
32:06The parents feed in minutes.
32:12With so much work, there is no reason
32:15to argue about feeding.
32:20It's hard to say who kept the upper hand.
32:23Mother and father look the same.
32:25The little drosselrohr singers
32:28will soon be chicks.
32:31In the neighboring area,
32:34the nest has already served.
32:37However, the drosselrohr singer offspring
32:40looks a bit strange here.
32:43A cuckoo child, the drosselrohr singers
32:46have distinguished themselves.
32:49The shining rooster and the constant prayer.
32:52The involuntary parents
32:55can't help but feed the cuckoo
32:58like their own young.
33:02Right at the beginning of the brood,
33:05the cuckoo female has laid the egg
33:08to the drosselrohr singers.
33:11The young cuckoo hatches earlier
33:14and simply throws the other eggs out of the nest.
33:17The drosselrohr singers then raise
33:20the huge cuckoo chick as if it were their own.
33:25Not everywhere is there a reef at the harbour.
33:28Where the shipyard still has precedence,
33:31the shores are fortified with stones.
33:38The mink feels at ease on such shores.
33:41The American mink has been spreading
33:44in Germany since the 1950s.
33:47The small predators have often escaped
33:50from fur farms and have been released.
33:53Meanwhile, they have largely repressed
33:56the native species, the European mink.
34:05Ship traffic has become rare on the harbour.
34:08And so in 1996, the plan was made
34:11that the European mink
34:13would be given up as a waterway.
34:16A huge chance for nature.
34:19From the Brandenburg Preserve to MĂĽndung,
34:22the harbour is to become wild again.
34:25With the largest European river renaturation,
34:28old arms are connected to 90 km
34:31and shore fortifications are eliminated.
34:34In addition, dike sections are to be rebuilt.
34:37Floods, such as here at Kuhlhausen,
34:40are to be prevented.
34:43This ensures that meadows at high water
34:46can be flooded again.
34:51The excavators shovel at the same time
34:54for the high water and the nature reserve.
35:00For the expert from NABU, Rocco Buchter,
35:03this is a dream come true.
35:06Since the lower harbour is no longer
35:09operated by large freight ships
35:11we have dike and shallow water areas again.
35:14A number of species will stabilize
35:17that belong here.
35:20Others may come back,
35:23that is our quiet hope.
35:26The meadows will be flooded again
35:29and of course the reed and water plants will come back.
35:32And that means that mussels,
35:35which need a shallow water zone,
35:38benefit first.
35:42The harbour water also brings
35:45the diversity of species back to the meadows.
35:48The meadows breeders,
35:51such as kibitz and shore snails,
35:54are the special beneficiaries.
35:57Even rare migratory birds,
36:00such as warthogs,
36:03will find rest areas again.
36:06In the future,
36:08the meadows will be full of
36:11roe deer and light moose,
36:14instead of all-green agriculture.
36:17Not only the colourful beauty
36:20of the wet meadows
36:23makes the lower harbour lowland so valuable.
36:26Even where it is drier,
36:29many rare animals live.
36:32The troop training ground Glitzerheide,
36:35between Pankow,
36:38and Panzer Wracks
36:41covers more than 9000 hectares of forest and heathland.
36:44A strange habitat,
36:47framed by harbour and elbe,
36:50as if created for an extremely bizarre bird.
36:53The weederhopper.
37:02A pair of its young
37:05grows up in an old tank.
37:09The heather landscape
37:12offers the best conditions for the weederhoppers.
37:15Their favourite food is abundant there.
37:18Grilling and robbing.
37:21In the seclusion of the troop training ground
37:24live around 15 pairs of brood.
37:27In many other areas,
37:30the weederhoppers have become rare.
37:33The weederhopper
37:35has become rare.
37:38In the tin box it is hot
37:41and weederhoppers are known for their stinging smell.
37:44But where else can you find
37:47such a well-secured shelter for your chicks?
37:56Late summer in the Glitzerheide.
38:05With the heather flowers
38:08it gets loud on the troop training ground.
38:15The roar of the weederhopper begins.
38:23For the strongest males,
38:26the weederhoppers are the best choice.
38:29The weederhoppers are the best choice.
38:32The weederhoppers are the best choice.
38:35These are the two most exhausting weeks of the year.
38:42They have to keep an eye on their rivals
38:45and impress as many females as possible.
38:48Every male guards a harem of weederhoppers
38:51and makes this very clear.
39:00But if two of the same size meet,
39:02there is no point in yelling anymore.
39:12With their antlers the rivals
39:15hook into each other.
39:18The goal is not to injure the other one,
39:21but to determine the stronger one.
39:33The winner then looks around the females.
39:38But even the weederhopper has to wait
39:41until his chosen ones are ready.
40:03A few kilometers further down the Havel.
40:06At Lake GĂĽlper it gets even louder in autumn.
40:18Thousands and thousands of geese
40:21from the north come here in autumn.
40:24Lake GĂĽlper is one of the largest
40:27overwintering areas of northern geese on the Havel.
40:33The birds fly in the morning
40:36to the surrounding meadows
40:39to eat fat supplies for the flight
40:42and the approaching winter.
40:49In the course of the autumn
40:52more and more come here.
40:55In peak times, 100,000 geese populate the lake.
40:58Only late in the evening,
41:01when the last birds have landed
41:04at their sleeping places,
41:07calm returns.
41:11When night falls in Westhaveland
41:14another attraction of the country
41:17is revealed.
41:20It is one of the darkest places in Europe.
41:23The region was declared
41:25a National Park
41:28and attracts hobby astronomers from all over the world.
41:45Downstream, behind Lake GĂĽlper,
41:48the Havel reaches Saxony-Anhalt.
41:51Once again, the river
41:53honors its original name.
41:56Countless bays, old harbors and lakes
41:59create a mosaic of diverse
42:02and nature-like habitats.
42:09The sea eagles have finished their brood
42:12and their offspring are now on their own.
42:17The young bird will not have any problems
42:20at the Havel to find enough food.
42:24He will soon have a territory
42:27just like his parents.
42:30Maybe even somewhere in the re-natured areas
42:33along the Havel,
42:36whose water joins the Elbe
42:39after more than 330 km.
42:53To be continued...
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