Aerial.America.S08E04.Dallas-Fort.Worth
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00:00Under the wide open skies of North Texas lie two rival cities, Fort Worth, where the West
00:09begins, and Dallas, also known as Big D. In Fort Worth, cowboys and cattle transformed
00:18a tiny frontier outpost into one of the wildest cities in the American West.
00:24Just 30 miles away, Dallas rose on the promise of land and opportunity.
00:31It's where early settlers came to try and create a socialist utopia, and where freed
00:37slaves made their home after the Civil War in a place that's now an art and music mecca.
00:43It inspired a new team called the Cowboys that became the most valuable sports franchise
00:48in history, and it gave birth to a tiny no-frills airline that kicked off a travel revolution.
00:57Dallas and Fort Worth have always been proud of their unique identities, but they have
01:02also been co-stars in some of the same big stories.
01:06It was at a Fort Worth hotel where President John F. Kennedy delivered the last speech
01:11of his life, just hours before his assassination in Dallas.
01:16Today, Fort Worth and Dallas both power the fourth largest metropolis in the nation.
01:23It's home to one of the toughest firefighting teams in the world, an airbase where America's
01:29latest defense systems are put to the test, and Friday Night Lights, when the best high
01:36school football teams in Texas go to battle in stadiums that are big enough to be pro.
01:42This is the fascinating story of Dallas-Fort Worth.
02:12One of the most spectacular sights in Dallas, Texas, is the city's towering skyline at dawn,
02:30reflected in the slow-moving waters of the Trinity River.
02:37This river has always been too rocky and shallow for ships to get here from the Gulf
02:41Coast.
02:44That makes Dallas the only major American city without access to a navigable waterway.
02:53But Big D has thrived nonetheless, thanks to a series of sales pitches and the promise
02:59of land and opportunity.
03:03The first to sell that promise was the man who gave Dallas its name, John Neely Bryan.
03:09In 1839, he started a ferry service to help travelers cross the Trinity River.
03:16He then convinced others to settle here.
03:19That was how Dallas, Texas, got its start.
03:26A few years later, a Frenchman named Victor Prosper Considérant sold the promise of Dallas
03:31again with a pitch that might surprise many today.
03:36He claimed that Dallas would be the perfect place to start a utopian socialist paradise,
03:43and managed to convince more than 200 Europeans to follow him to Texas.
03:47In 1855, they landed on the Gulf Coast and then lugged everything they owned to Dallas,
03:53some entirely on foot.
03:56It was here, three miles west of what's now downtown, where they tried to create a utopian
04:01community that could be an example to the rest of the world.
04:08They called it La Reunion.
04:11But their land turned out to be poor for farming, and storms, drought, and invasions of insects
04:18destroyed their crops.
04:20Within five years, the community had disbanded.
04:25Today, this graveyard is all that's left.
04:33But many of La Reunion's settlers stayed in Texas, and used their skills as brewers, butchers,
04:39and carpenters to kick off the transformation of Dallas from a tiny frontier settlement
04:44into the city it is today.
04:48It might seem surprising that a group of utopian socialist dreamers played a big role in getting
04:53Dallas started, but it's true.
04:56Now, one of the city's most familiar landmarks honors their history and hard work.
05:02Its official name is Reunion Tower, but locals just call it The Ball.
05:13All day long, commuters pass under this distinctive Dallas structure on their way to work.
05:20It towers over an enormous web of ramps, highways, and bridges called the Horseshoe.
05:28It's just one of many impressive engineering projects that keep Dallas moving.
05:33This highway interchange is another one.
05:36It's been called one of the strangest roadways on earth, thanks to its five levels of traffic,
05:42which soar 121 feet off the ground.
05:46The cities of Dallas and Fort Worth lie just over 30 miles apart, but they serve as giant
05:52anchors of a region called the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.
05:57It also covers dozens of other Texas cities and towns, including Irving, Grand Prairie,
06:03and Arlington.
06:05Inside the Metroplex, to the north, is the massive Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport,
06:10the fourth busiest in the nation.
06:14Today, Dallas and Fort Worth may be part of a single metropolis, but from the days they
06:20were founded, these two Texas cities have held on tightly to their different identities.
06:27Fort Worth has long called itself the place where the West begins.
06:34And to understand how this city got its frontier spirit, you really have to understand how
06:41the state of Texas itself was born.
06:46It all started in the 1820s, when Mexico gained its independence from Spain and took possession
06:52of what was then the Spanish-controlled territory of Texas.
06:57At the time, a Native American people called the Comanche still ruled much of what's now
07:02West Texas.
07:03They were known as the Lords of the Plains.
07:10There were only a few small towns surrounding Spanish churches like this one, Mission San
07:16Jose in San Antonio, which dates back to 1782.
07:26To develop the region, the Mexican government tried to lure Americans to Texas by offering
07:31them large grants of land.
07:33But in exchange, the settlers had to give up their U.S. citizenship and pledge their
07:38allegiance to Mexico.
07:42Thousands of Americans took up the offer and started building new communities here, like
07:46this one, called Washington on the Brazos.
07:50But it wasn't long before the settlers found themselves in conflict with the Mexican state
07:57and many of the legal and cultural norms that it insisted the settlers follow.
08:04Mexico threatened to emancipate the settlers' slaves, since slavery was outlawed in Mexico,
08:11and the state imposed new tariffs on imported goods and supplies.
08:16The settlers launched small rebellions against the Mexican army and then started organizing
08:22to establish their own nation of Texas.
08:26On March 2, 1836, 58 of them came to Washington on the Brazos to sign a Declaration of Independence
08:33from Mexico.
08:35This is a replica of the small building where they met, which was later named Independence
08:40Hall.
08:43Little did they know, their bid for freedom was about to come at a terrible cost.
08:53As they were gathering, more than 150 of their fellow Texas rebels came under siege at a
08:58former Catholic mission called the Alamo, almost 300 miles away from Dallas in San Antonio.
09:051,500 Mexican troops surrounded the rebels and gave them a choice, surrender without
09:11conditions or resist and be slaughtered.
09:17The rebels refused to accept unconditional surrender, and on March 6, the Mexican army
09:23moved in and killed every man they could find.
09:29The dead included the American folk heroes Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie, after whom the
09:34famous Bowie knife is named.
09:37Texans have been crying, remember the Alamo, ever since.
09:42But the next month, Texas settlers got their revenge on a battlefield at San Jacinto, which
09:48now lies outside the city of Houston.
09:52This monument marks the spot where roughly 900 fighters defeated a larger contingent
09:57of the Mexican army.
09:59They managed to capture its general and finally win their independence from Mexico.
10:11For the next 10 years, Texas existed as an independent republic, but in 1846, it joined
10:18the United States of America as the 28th state.
10:24Today, the Goddess of Liberty towers over the state capital in Austin, 200 miles south
10:31of Dallas, and honors the tough fight Texans waged and won for their independence.
10:42But now, it was up to the U.S. government to protect Anglo-American settlers on the
10:46Texas frontier, and that's why Fort Worth was born.
10:57In 1849, a general named William Jenkins Worth became the new Commander of Texas.
11:04He proposed a line of frontier forts that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico into what's
11:09now North Texas.
11:12Worth died from cholera in April 1849, but a few weeks later, a spot was chosen for the
11:17northernmost of the forts, on the banks of the Trinity River.
11:23It was named Fort Worth in the general's honor.
11:28The new frontier outpost stood on this bluff, where the towering Tarrant County Courthouse
11:33now lies today.
11:35The land west of here belonged to the United States, but the U.S. government didn't yet
11:40have full control of the region.
11:43Fort Worth was built to protect settlers on the frontier, and it's held on to that frontier
11:47identity ever since.
11:50But within a decade, cowboys and cattle started turning Fort Worth into a boomtown, and it
11:56was known as one of the wildest cities in the American West, with rowdy bars and legendary
12:01gunfighters that spilled blood on its streets.
12:11It's 10 a.m. at the Stockyards in Fort Worth, Texas.
12:16For more than a century, Longhorn cattle have been this city's biggest celebrities.
12:24They are descendants of the oldest breed of cows in America, which were introduced by
12:29the Spanish close to 500 years ago.
12:32They once used their distinctive horns to defend themselves in the wild.
12:36Today, most Longhorns are raised for their meat, but this herd is kept just for show.
12:47Twice a day, local cowboys round them up and drive them down East Exchange Avenue past
12:52their adoring fans.
12:57Cattle have been the stars of Fort Worth ever since the 1800s, when giant herds passed through
13:02the streets of this western city on their way to Kansas.
13:11After the Civil War, there was a rising demand for meat in fast-growing cities like New York
13:16and Chicago, and there was a plentiful supply of cows in Texas that had been left out to
13:22pasture during the war.
13:26In 1867, Illinois entrepreneur Joseph McCoy convinced the railways to build a site in
13:32Abilene, Kansas, where cattle could be loaded onto trains and shipped East.
13:41Cowboys could buy a cow in Texas for just $2 and sell it to meat packers in the Midwest
13:46for a $13 profit.
13:49Mounted on horseback, just like these modern-day Texas cowboys are today, they started driving
13:54cattle north along what's known as the Chisholm Trail.
14:00The trail began in South Texas as a web of feeder trails that merged and ran north through
14:06San Antonio and Fort Worth, and then across the territory of Oklahoma to a series of railheads
14:13west of Kansas City.
14:15By the late 1870s, close to 5 million cows had traveled up the Chisholm Trail.
14:22That great movement of cows and cowboys turned Fort Worth into a boomtown.
14:32It also turned one area of the city into one of the most infamous red-light districts in
14:37America.
14:39It lay just north of the city's Union Station, where the Fort Worth Convention Center stands
14:44today.
14:46By the end of the 19th century, just about every cowboy in Texas had either heard about
14:51or visited the saloons, gambling halls, and bordellos that line the blocks around Main
14:56and 15th Streets.
14:58The area came to be known as Hell's Half Acre.
15:03But shootouts and murders in the district caused city leaders to clamp down on activities
15:07here, and by 1900, most of the rowdiness was gone.
15:15In 1911, a local Baptist minister named J. Frank Norris started publicly naming and shaming
15:21the business leaders and politicians who frequented Fort Worth's bars and prostitutes.
15:27A few months later, his church was mysteriously burned to the ground.
15:33But it was already the beginning of the end of the acre.
15:37Father Norris was a graduate of the Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, one of the largest
15:42seminaries in the world.
15:44Other famous alumni include Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee, PBS journalist Bill Moyers,
15:50and megachurch leader Rick Warren.
15:57These days, religion is big business in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.
16:03It's home to some of the largest and richest megachurches in the nation.
16:10One of them is Kenneth Copeland Ministries.
16:12It's run by what may be the wealthiest family of televangelists in the world.
16:18Minister Kenneth Copeland and his wife Gloria live on the shores of Eagle Mountain Lake,
16:22just a few miles northwest of downtown Fort Worth.
16:28Just behind their lakeside mansion is the ministry's own private airport.
16:34It was built in 1942 to train U.S. Marines how to fly gliders, but was abandoned after
16:40World War II.
16:43The Copelands bought the airport in the 1980s and built this new hangar.
16:48It houses the ministry's multi-million dollar Gulfstream jet, which it bought from actor
16:53Tyler Perry.
17:01Just behind the airport lies the megachurch, where the Copelands film their regular broadcasts,
17:07which they claim reach close to a billion people a week worldwide.
17:13It's also where they collect the donations that have reportedly made them worth more
17:16than $750 million.
17:22They are just a few of the very wealthy church leaders who live and preach in the metroplex.
17:31Fort Worth began its life as an outpost of the Texas Army, and it's played a leading
17:35role in the nation's defense ever since.
17:41Today, pilots are practicing maneuvers in one of the most lethal aircraft on Earth.
17:46These are A-10 Thunderbolts, also known as Warthogs.
17:54They're returning to Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base, Fort Worth.
17:59Warthogs are famous for their ugly looks, but amazing engineering and firepower.
18:04Thick titanium armor protects their pilots and engines, while the laser-guided bombs
18:08under their wings are able to strike even the smallest targets with terrifying power
18:13and precision.
18:15The seven-barrel Gatling cannons in the nose are capable of taking out an armored tank
18:19with a single 30-millimeter round.
18:26This airfield is much more than just a base.
18:28It's also where many of America's most legendary planes and defense systems have been tested
18:33and made.
18:34Out on the runway, F-16 pilots are training for their next mission.
18:46These planes were built right here on the west side of the airfield, in the colossal
18:50manufacturing plant of Lockheed Martin.
18:55Out on the runway, an F-18 Hornet is about to lift off.
18:59It belongs to a fighter squadron of the U.S. Marine Corps known as the Cowboys.
19:05Once these fighter jets are airborne, they can reach speeds of up to 1,500 miles per
19:09hour.
19:16On November 21, 1963, Air Force One, carrying President John F. Kennedy and First Lady Jackie
19:23Kennedy, touched down on this very same runway.
19:31At the time, this was an Air Force base called Carswell Field.
19:36Kennedy was on his way to Dallas, but wanted to stop off here first to thank the people
19:41of Fort Worth for their contribution to the nation's defense.
19:51The Kennedys spent that night in Suite 850, in what's now the Hilton Fort Worth.
20:01The next morning, in the hotel's ballroom, Kennedy delivered the last speech of his life
20:06to a packed crowd.
20:09After city officials presented him with a Stetson cowboy hat and rattlesnake skin boots,
20:14Kennedy praised the people of Fort Worth for playing a critical role in protecting freedom
20:19around the world.
20:27Later that morning, the Kennedys returned to Carswell Field, where they boarded Air
20:31Force One.
20:32It was raining as they lifted off into the skies over North Texas.
20:40But by the time their short 15-minute flight landed here, at Love Field in Dallas, at 1140
20:45a.m., the sun was starting to shine.
20:50As the president's open-top limousine made its way down the streets of Dallas, thousands
20:55of people came out to welcome and cheer the Kennedys.
20:59Nellie Connolly, the first lady of Texas, leaned over in the car and told JFK that he
21:04couldn't say Dallas didn't love him.
21:08Those may have been the last words ever spoken to the president.
21:13Just seconds later, at about 1230 p.m., the limousine was passing through Dealey Plaza
21:19when shots rang out from a sixth-story corner window in the Texas School Book Depository.
21:32Kennedy and Texas Governor John Connolly, who was seated in front of him, were both
21:37hit.
21:40Within minutes, the presidential limousine arrived here at Parkland Hospital Emergency
21:44Room.
21:45But doctors were unable to revive Kennedy.
21:49By 133 p.m., news wires began informing the world that America's 35th president had been
21:55assassinated.
21:58Jackie Kennedy refused to change out of her blood-spattered pink suit, insisting that
22:03the world should see what JFK's killer had done.
22:07Doctors at Parkland insisted they were required by state law to keep Kennedy's body for an
22:12autopsy.
22:13But the Secret Service placed the casket in an ambulance and rushed it to Love Field.
22:23Exactly three hours after the Kennedys had landed in Dallas, Vice President Lyndon B.
22:28Johnson was sworn in as President of the United States on board Air Force One, here on the
22:33tarmac of Love Field.
22:39Minutes later, Jackie Kennedy was lifting off for the flight back to Washington with
22:43her husband's body and casket by her side.
22:55In 1970, the city of Dallas installed this memorial, designed by architect Philip Johnson,
23:02close to where JFK was shot.
23:07With simple white concrete walls that appear to float off the ground, and no ceiling, it
23:14was envisioned as an open and empty space that would inspire visitors to reflect and
23:19remember as they gaze up at the sky.
23:25The memorial was paid for with donations from residents of Dallas.
23:39At the same time Kennedy was shot, the Dallas Cowboys were playing the Browns in Cleveland.
23:45By the time the game was over, they were being called assassins by some of those in the stands.
23:51Dallas would soon be referred to by many as the City of Hate.
23:56It took a long time for Dallas to shed its dark identity as the city that killed Kennedy.
24:02But the rising success of the Cowboys and a wildly popular television show would change
24:07the way many people around the world saw Dallas.
24:15It may be the wide open skies of Texas that have always inspired people here to think
24:20big.
24:21And that's especially true in Dallas.
24:25Even though it's a landlocked city in the middle of the nation, people in Dallas have
24:29always found ways to connect their city to the rest of the world.
24:35That's how a little low-cost airline named Air Southwest got its start right here at
24:40Love Field.
24:43In 1966, a Texas lawyer named Herb Kelleher pitched his friend and investor Rollin King
24:50on the idea of a new airline to serve the people of Texas.
24:55Using a pen and cocktail napkin, he sketched out the airline's simple route between Dallas,
25:00Houston and San Antonio.
25:03King was intrigued, and one year later, in 1967, their new budget airline was in business.
25:15The first Boeing 737 that Southwest ever flew in 1971 is now parked at the Frontiers of
25:22Flight Aviation Museum at Dallas Love Field.
25:26It still has its original 1970s-style seats and interior.
25:35Kelleher expanded Southwest with cheap pricing and no frills, which was a new way to fly
25:41in the 1970s.
25:44Passengers got peanuts instead of meals, there was no first or business class, and Southwest
25:49didn't even offer assigned seating.
25:52But that was the trade-off for cheap tickets and Southwest's business boom.
26:00Today, it's the largest domestic carrier in the nation, with a fleet of 700 Boeing 737s.
26:13Most other major airlines have since followed Southwest's no-frills lead.
26:21Kelleher died in 2019, but the airline is still headquartered here in Dallas.
26:27It looks out over a sea of Southwest jets, all painted in the company's signature colors,
26:34including this one with the Texas star.
26:36It was named Lone Star One to honor the state where Southwest was born.
26:47People from Dallas love Love Field because it's small and close to the city.
26:54So when Fort Worth tried to convince Dallas to build a new shared airport between them,
26:59people in Dallas protested.
27:02They were perfectly happy with their little Love Field.
27:06But as the population of the Metroplex grew, the U.S. government forced Dallas and Fort
27:11Worth to join together and build a new airport that could serve both cities.
27:21Little did they know, DFW International Airport would help turn the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex
27:28into an economic powerhouse and a major U.S. hub for air passengers and cargo.
27:33Today, DFW covers more land than Manhattan and even has its own zip code.
27:41It was planned as a series of semicircular terminals that could be built as needed as
27:45the airport grew.
27:47So far, there are five and space to build eight more if DFW needs to expand.
27:54When John Neely Bryan founded Dallas in 1841, he imagined it as a gathering place for travelers
28:01crossing Texas.
28:03More than a century and a half later, he would be awestruck by what the Dallas region has
28:08become today.
28:10Sixty-four million passengers from around the world transit through DFW every year.
28:16It's the biggest symbol of how Dallas and Fort Worth have succeeded in working together
28:21to make their Metroplex one of the most powerful economic success stories in the nation.
28:34It's 2 p.m. and the largest passenger plane in the world, an Airbus 380, is touching down
28:40on runway 36R.
28:44Just before passengers land at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, many spot what
28:49looks like an Airbus 380 in the distance on fire.
28:54The flames are real, but this plane is just a mock-up at the DFW's Fire Training Research
29:01Center.
29:02It's the home of one of the most advanced aviation firefighting teams in the world.
29:08Firefighters come here from across the globe to train for every kind of aviation emergency
29:12imaginable.
29:15Inside the control tower, staff can ignite a range of flammable liquids and aircraft
29:19props on demand.
29:26On the north side of the facility is what's called the 3-D liquid hydrocarbon fuel pit.
29:32Here, teams learn how to extinguish burning aviation fuel as it drips and flows using
29:38water, foam, and dry chemicals.
29:42Airport firefighters in the U.S. are required to undergo live fire exercises every 12 months
29:47to stay current.
29:49And nothing tests their skills like the giant mock-up of an Airbus 380.
29:55It's the only one of its kind in the world, and can be turned into a raging inferno at
29:59the flick of a switch.
30:01As soon as the team in the control tower opens the propane gas valves, the A380 is engulfed
30:07by fire.
30:12Burning jet fuel can melt the aluminum fuselage of a real passenger jet in just 60 to 90 seconds.
30:18But this steel trainer is a battle-scarred warrior.
30:22It's been designed to survive hundreds of burns.
30:27This is where teams can practice putting out engine fires and burning landing gear.
30:33Inside this three-level trainer, they also practice fighting fires in the cockpit, seating
30:38areas, lavatories, and cargo holds.
30:42Today, firefighters on the ground are getting help from others in high-tech crash trucks
30:46known as strikers to get this blaze under control.
30:51This is one example of how DFW has turned its landlocked location in the middle of the
30:56country into an asset by providing firefighters nationwide, and even worldwide, with easy
31:02access to the training they need.
31:08Today, just a few miles west of the airport, a drilling team is fracking a well for oil
31:16and gas.
31:18Fort Worth happens to lie on top of one of the largest underground fields of natural
31:23gas in the world.
31:25There are thousands of wells in this one county alone, and every one of them is tapping into
31:30what's known as the Barnett Shale.
31:34Five thousand feet down are enormous reserves of natural gas locked in layers of very hard
31:39rock called shale.
31:44For years, energy companies here thought it was a waste of time and money to try and fracture
31:48the shale with water, chemicals, and sand to get to the gas.
31:54But in 1995, on this small, unassuming drilling pad, a 31-year-old oil worker named Nick Steinsberger
32:02kicked off an energy revolution.
32:09He started experimenting with new techniques to fracture the shale by injecting the rock
32:14with a mix of much more water and fewer chemicals and sand than anyone had tried before.
32:20After tweaking his recipe again and again, he suddenly discovered that the well was producing
32:25more than one million cubic feet of gas per day, a staggering amount at the time.
32:32Energy companies had been using and refining Steinsberger's technique to tap huge gas fields
32:37under Texas, Pennsylvania, and South Dakota.
32:42But this unassuming well, known as SH Griffin Number 4, is considered the mother of all
32:48fracking wells and still produces gas today.
32:55Fort Worth sits on billions of dollars' worth of fossil fuels, but surprisingly, there's
33:01no oil under Dallas.
33:04The city is like a donut hole.
33:07It's surrounded by oil, but has none of its own.
33:11That may come as a surprise to television viewers.
33:16For many, Big D and Big Oil are one and the same, thanks to a famous, fictional, oil-rich
33:22family that captivated viewers around the world for 13 years, in the television series
33:28Dallas.
33:37Every week between 1978 and 1991, millions of television viewers worldwide eagerly awaited
33:44the sight of this arched gate and the white columns of South Fork Ranch in the opening
33:49titles of the wildly popular television series Dallas.
33:55After 357 episodes, fans tuned in to find out what J.R. Ewing would do next to members
34:00of his own family to maintain his iron grip on Ewing oil.
34:07Know How says Dallas, Texas, like this one, even though it actually lies to the north
34:12in the city of Parker.
34:14Only a few scenes were shot here at South Fork, which is now a tourist site and convention
34:18center.
34:20Most of the series was shot in Los Angeles.
34:29But Dallas had its own real oil tycoon, who was even more colorful than J.R., and he too
34:36lived in a white-columned mansion just outside the city.
34:42His name was H.L. Hunt.
34:48Hunt claimed to be a frugal man, but when he built this mansion in 1929, he modeled
34:53the house and grounds after Mount Vernon, the vast northern Virginia estate of President
34:58George Washington.
35:06Hunt made his first fortune by risking winnings from gambling on oil leases in Arkansas.
35:14He was then an early investor in one of the most lucrative oil fields in the world, in
35:18East Texas.
35:21By the time he died in 1974, Hunt was worth hundreds of millions of dollars and had been
35:27called the richest man on earth.
35:33It was one of his 15 children, Lamar Hunt, who helped turn Dallas into a Major League
35:38football town, even though things didn't go as he originally planned.
35:48In the 1950s, Lamar Hunt wanted to start a new NFL team in Dallas.
35:54The problem was, the NFL didn't think Dallas was a good market for football and refused
35:59to authorize Hunt's new team.
36:03So he and a few other owners decided to start a new rival league of their own, which they
36:08named the American Football League, or AFL.
36:14For two seasons, starting in 1960, Hunt's team, the Dallas Texans, played here at the
36:19Cotton Bowl.
36:22But now, fearful of the AFL, the NFL changed its mind and launched a new Dallas team of
36:27its own called the Cowboys, which it hoped would win the hearts of Dallas football fans
36:32and drive out the Texans.
36:36Both teams played on the same field, at the Cotton Bowl, on different nights of the week,
36:41and each tried every trick they could to sell more tickets.
36:45Three years later, in 1963, the NFL had finally succeeded in winning over Dallas football
36:51fans.
36:53Hunt moved his team to Kansas City and renamed it the Chiefs.
36:59Hunt claimed to be the one who coined the term Super Bowl, words he used to describe
37:04the 1967 championship matchup between the best AFL and NFL teams.
37:11The two leagues eventually merged in 1969.
37:18In the 1970s, under legendary coach Tom Landry, the Cowboys started winning more games than
37:23any other NFL team, including two Super Bowls against the Dolphins and the Broncos.
37:30But in the 1980s, their amazing run came to an end.
37:34They began losing season after season, and the franchise ended up on the verge of bankruptcy.
37:43That's when an oil man named Jerry Jones, who lives in this Spanish-style mansion west
37:47of downtown, decided to take a big risk.
37:52He spent $140 million to buy the then-money-losing team.
37:59It was more than anyone had ever paid before for a sports franchise.
38:04Over the next decade, under Jones' ownership, the Cowboys made a spectacular comeback and
38:10won three more Super Bowls.
38:13Today, the Cowboys practice here, in Frisco, Texas, at a facility called The Star.
38:23Jones' $140 million bet is now valued at more than $4 billion.
38:32He says that he's never worked a single day since buying the Cowboys, that owning the
38:36team has been all pleasure.
38:43And he's not the only team owner in Dallas to make that claim.
38:48Billionaire Mark Cuban lives just a few blocks from Jerry Jones, in this vast estate in the
38:53neighborhood of Highland Park.
38:56He has owned the NBA's Dallas Mavericks since 2000.
39:00Cuban says he bought the Mavericks as a way to have fun, but his courtside antics have
39:05earned him a total of more than $2.5 million in fines from the NBA.
39:11In 2002, Cuban got upset with a referee's call here at a Mavericks game at the American
39:17Airlines Center, and told the ref he wouldn't even hire him to manage a Dairy Queen.
39:22That's when the marketing team at Dairy Queen saw an opportunity.
39:27As a publicity stunt, they challenged Cuban to work as a manager for the day in a local
39:32franchise to show people how hard the work actually was.
39:36Cuban readily agreed, and spent an eight-hour shift handing out soft-serve cones and blizzards
39:41at this Dairy Queen in nearby Coppell, Texas.
39:46More than 1,000 people showed up to be served by the Mavericks' billionaire owner.
39:51It was a smart marketing move by Dairy Queen, and the event got play on national news, and
39:56helped raise thousands of dollars for a children's charity.
40:03Today, Mark Cuban may be Dallas' biggest booster yet.
40:12He believes the Metroplex has more promise than ever before, just like the city's founder,
40:16John Neely Bryan, did back in the 1840s.
40:21It was that promise that lured an American president here in 2008.
40:27That's when George W. Bush announced that his presidential library would be built on
40:31the campus of Southern Methodist University, just outside the city.
40:37The vast complex, called the George W. Bush Presidential Center, was finally dedicated
40:42in 2013, in a ceremony attended by five living presidents, including both Bushes, Jimmy Carter,
40:50Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama.
40:53Inside the center, a museum documents the life and legacy of President George W. Bush.
41:00But all across Dallas are the legacies of many others who have had a big impact on the
41:05life and culture of this city.
41:08The colorful neighborhood of Deep Ellum, built just after the Civil War, is one of them.
41:18The Civil War ravaged most cities in the American South, but while Texas was part of
41:22the Confederacy, Dallas and Fort Worth survived the war intact.
41:28When it was over, hundreds of freed slaves from across the South came here to start new
41:34lives.
41:37Many sought out jobs in the busy train yards of Dallas and Fort Worth.
41:41But both these two Texas cities were highly segregated, and African Americans weren't
41:46allowed to live in white-only neighborhoods, or even use the elevators and shopping centers
41:52downtown.
41:53So, they started their own communities on the outskirts.
41:58They were known as freedmen's towns.
42:03One of them was established in 1873, here along Elm Street, which runs east out of downtown
42:09Dallas.
42:10The neighborhood is still known today as Deep Ellum.
42:17By the 1920s, Deep Ellum was a busy commercial center and a hub for processing cotton.
42:24Ford Motor Company had a factory here to make its Model Ts, but the district became best
42:30known for its thriving music scene.
42:32Its bars and clubs hosted some of the biggest names of the day in jazz and blues, including
42:37Robert Johnson, Sam Lightnin' Hopkins, Bessie Smith, and Lead Belly.
42:44But in the 1950s, Dallas constructed a new elevated highway right through the heart of
42:50Deep Ellum, forcing many music venues and businesses here to close.
42:59It wasn't until the late 1980s that new clubs opened and the music scene returned.
43:07Then in 2012, a real estate developer offered the blank walls of his buildings to artists
43:12from Texas and around the world to create public art for Dallas.
43:19Hundreds of artists applied for a chance to make their mark on the city.
43:27Images of the 42 different murals they created went viral.
43:33It was Romanian-born artist Dan Colcher who created this Deep Ellum version of the Roman
43:38god Janus, with his two heads that look to both the past and the future.
43:44In 2017, a local artist named Steve Hunter realized there wasn't yet a mural of the Dallas-born
43:50music legend Stevie Ray Vaughan, so he created one of his own just off Main Street.
44:04Deep Ellum's large-scale public art is now a big draw for visitors to Dallas, and it's
44:09not limited to murals.
44:13On the west side are a series of enormous robot-like figures created from sheet metal
44:18and rivets.
44:19They are all part of a work called Traveling Man.
44:24These enormous sculptures were designed and built by Brandon Oldenburg and Brad Oldham
44:29to honor Deep Ellum's railway history.
44:34This one, named Standing Tall, towers over a station of Dallas Area Rapid Transit, which
44:39commissioned the works in 2005.
44:49Deep Ellum's eye-catching public art has lured millions here during the day.
44:54When the sun sets over the Metroplex, this art and music mecca truly comes alive.
45:01Every year, a street festival honors the neighborhood's rich history, and its contribution to the
45:06life and culture of Dallas.
45:09For one weekend in April, it's a massive street party.
45:18It was on a night like this one in 2016 that Dallas experienced its most horrifying event
45:24since the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.
45:32On the evening of July 7th, a crowd started gathering in downtown Dallas to protest the
45:37recent police shootings of black men across the country.
45:42At 7.15 p.m., roughly 800 marchers set out from the city's Beelo Garden.
45:50By the time the sun began to set, they were making their way down Elm Street.
45:58But as they approached the city's El Centro College, a man appeared, walked up to three
46:03police officers, and suddenly shot them dead.
46:06A gunfight erupted.
46:08At first, Dallas police believed there were multiple snipers positioned on surrounding
46:12rooftops, but it turned out to be a lone gunman who was firing indiscriminately to
46:18draw their attention, and then repositioning to ambush responding officers from behind.
46:26The attacker, now injured, managed to get inside one of the college's buildings at Elm
46:30and North Lamar Streets.
46:33There were still students inside when the shooter took up a position on the second floor
46:37and then taunted officers below with rants and gunfire.
46:42He said he wanted to kill white people and police officers as payback for the recent
46:46killings of African-Americans by police across the country.
46:54After a two-hour standoff, Dallas PD decided to send in a remote-controlled robot armed
46:59with a camera and explosives.
47:03As the robot approached the shooter, he tried to take it out with semi-automatic gunfire.
47:09The Dallas PD detonated the bomb, and the blast killed him.
47:16By then, five officers from the Dallas Police Department were dead, and nine had been injured.
47:24In the days that followed, Presidents Barack Obama and George W. Bush joined together at
47:29a memorial for the slain officers.
47:32They made a call for unity and healing nationwide between citizens and police.
47:43The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex has experienced its fair share of national newsmaking events,
47:50but usually the biggest drama here is what happens every Friday night when high school
47:55teams head out onto the field under bright lights like these and go to battle.
48:02Tonight, just west of Dallas, the Sac-C Mustangs in white jerseys are squaring off against
48:08the Rowlett Eagles in the biggest game of the year.
48:15This year, Sac-C is the number one team in the district.
48:18Rowlett is number two.
48:20If Sac-C can win this game, they'll be three-time district champions.
48:25They're playing at the Homer B. Johnson Stadium in Garland, which has its own pro-sized jumbotron
48:31and 15,000 seats.
48:36Texas has the biggest and most expensive high school stadiums in the nation, and some of
48:41the longest-standing team rivalries.
48:44That's one reason people across the Metroplex put down whatever they're doing on Friday
48:48nights in the fall and gather to cheer on their favorite teams.
48:55It's games like this one across Texas that inspired the best-selling book, Friday Night
49:00Lights, which was turned into a movie and television series.
49:05Tonight, the Mustangs are scoring touchdown after touchdown.
49:11They're on their way to beating the Eagles 48-0 to take home their third championship
49:17in a row.
49:23But after the sun has set over the Metroplex, there are many quiet places, too, especially
49:29here in downtown Fort Worth.
49:33Once the district of Hell's Half Acre was known for its rowdy bars, street fights, and
49:38colorful bordellos.
49:39Today, these very same streets beckon residents after dark with water and light.
49:46This water garden was designed by renowned architect Philip Johnson in the 1970s.
49:53His design was futuristic then and reveals that Fort Worth has long been much more than
49:58a cow town.
50:01Just like Dallas, it's also a fast-growing city with its eye on the future.
50:11And when you soar across the Dallas skyline at night, the most distinctive form here is
50:17still the ball of Reunion Tower.
50:20It's a constant reminder that these two cities wouldn't exist without the utopian dreams
50:26and hard work of early settlers who kicked off the transformation of two bends in the
50:30Trinity River into the metropolis of Dallas-Fort Worth.