15 #AMAZING #Animal #Adaptations
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00:00Through the process of evolution over many millions of years, the more than 8.7 million
00:06animal species on our planet are all adapted to the environment where they live.
00:10There are some, though, that have developed incredible abilities that are on a whole different
00:15level.
00:16From healing powers to incredible strength and plenty more, join me as I take a look
00:20at 15 of the most astonishing animal adaptations.
00:23Starting with number 15, the mimic octopus.
00:26The mimic octopus is a cephalopod species that was first discovered in the late 1990s
00:31in the shallow waters of Indonesia and has since amazed the scientific community.
00:36Unlike other octopuses, which can often rely on camouflage to blend into their surroundings,
00:40the mimic octopus can actively change its shape, color, and behavior to make it look
00:45like more than 15 different marine species, including lionfish, flatfish, sea snakes,
00:51jellyfish, starfish, giant crabs, and many more.
00:54When threatened, it works out what type of predator it's facing and then chooses a strategy
00:59to deter it.
01:00For example, if attacked by a damselfish, it might impersonate a lionfish by spreading
01:05its arms and displaying bold, contrasting colors.
01:08If a bottom-dwelling predator approaches, on the other hand, the octopus might flatten
01:12out its body and roll in the sand like a flatfish, such as a sole or a flounder, which predators
01:18usually avoid.
01:20Their abilities aren't just limited to visuals, either.
01:22It also incorporates behaviors, adjusting its movements to replicate the swimming patterns
01:26of different animals.
01:28This combined use of visual and behavioral mimicry increases its chances of deceiving
01:33predators and prey.
01:35So for instance, when mimicking a sea snake, the octopus hides six of its arms in a hole
01:40and then waves the remaining two in opposite directions, recreating the distinctive motion
01:44of a sea snake.
01:45The mimic octopus's diet is made up of mainly small fish and crustaceans, and its skills
01:50not only help it evade predators, but also aid in hunting, allowing it to approach prey
01:54without detection.
01:55It is surprising that this species was only found so recently, and it makes you wonder
01:59just how many other octopuses there are in the oceans with equal or even more impressive
02:04adaptations that are out there and still waiting to be found.
02:0814.
02:10The Aye-Aye The Aye-Aye is one of the strangest primates
02:14in the world, and it's native to Madagascar.
02:17It's a species of nocturnal lemur, and it's immediately recognizable by its creepy appearance.
02:23It's got large, bat-like ears, a bushy tail longer than its body, and continuously growing
02:28incisors that are like those of rodents.
02:31These are all very useful adaptations in the forests of Madagascar, but its most useful
02:36and weirdest feature is its elongated middle finger, which is thin, flexible, and looks
02:42bony.
02:43This finger, though, is crucial to the Aye-Aye's survival, and it's a specialized tool used
02:47for foraging.
02:48Now, they mostly eat insects and uses a unique feeding strategy called percussive foraging.
02:53It taps on trees with its long middle finger and using its highly sensitive ears to listen
02:58for the echoes produced by hollow spaces where insect larvae might be hiding.
03:02Once it detects movement, it chews a small hole in the bark with its sharp teeth and
03:06inserts its middle finger to extract the larvae.
03:09Their diet is primarily consisting of larvae, but it also feeds on fruits, nuts, nectar,
03:15and fungi, and its finger can be used to scoop out the flesh or nutrients from all of these
03:18as well, with the animals being an important species in helping to control insect populations.
03:24They really are one of the most unique animals on the planet, but this has led to concerns
03:28about their long-term survival.
03:31Extensive hunting, along with habitat loss because of deforestation, means that their
03:34numbers are plummeting, and it's feared that they could be extinct within the next few
03:38decades.
03:4013.
03:41The Hawatson The Hawatson, which is commonly known as the
03:45stinkbird, is a species that's found in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins of South America.
03:51It's well-known for its distinctive appearance, peculiar digestive system, and unusual behaviors,
03:57and it's unlike any other type of bird.
03:59Roughly the size of a pheasant, measuring about 25 inches or about 65 centimeters in
04:04length, it's got a blue face, red eyes, and spiky crest of feathers on its head.
04:09The plumage is mainly brown with white streaks, and its wings are reddish-brown with black
04:14edges, almost giving them a prehistoric appearance.
04:17The most unusual adaptation, though, is its digestive system.
04:21Unlike most birds, this species is a folivore, which means that it mainly feeds on leaves,
04:26flowers, and fruits.
04:28Most animals simply couldn't do this, however, because their stomachs can't handle it.
04:32But to process all this fiber, the Hawatson has a specialized enlarged crop.
04:37The crop ferments the plant material with the help of bacteria and breaks down the cellulose
04:41and extracts nutrients.
04:43This fermentation process produces a strong, unpleasant odor, which is why they're called
04:47the stinkbird.
04:48These adaptations have majorly influenced the bird's behavior and its habitat.
04:52It's found in dense vegetation along rivers, swamps, and lakes, where it can access a plentiful
04:57supply.
04:58They're also quite sedentary, spending much of their time perched in trees near water
05:02and are poor flyers, with clumsy, labored flight patterns which limit their range and
05:06mobility.
05:07The Hawatson's traits have puzzled scientists for years, leading to debates about how it
05:11should be classified.
05:13It is the only member in its family, and its evolutionary relationships with other birds
05:17remain a topic of ongoing research.
05:20Some studies suggest it may have ancient links to cuckoos, while others suggest closer ties
05:25to pheasants and chickens.
05:2712.
05:28The Fossa The Fossa is another fascinating species of
05:32carnivorous mammal that's found in Madagascar.
05:35As the largest natural predator on the island, it plays a crucial role in maintaining the
05:39ecological balance of the habitat where it lives, and to do so, it's developed various
05:44physical characteristics and behaviors.
05:46Looking almost like a cross between a cat and a mongoose, an adult Fossa typically measures
05:51up to 31 inches or 80 centimeters in body length, with an additional tail length of
05:56up to 27 inches or 70 centimeters.
05:58They weigh up to 19 pounds or about 8.5 kilograms, and it's got a slender, muscular body that's
06:03well-adapted for agility and strength.
06:06The Fossa's coat is short and dense, usually a reddish-brown or tawny color, which provides
06:10camouflage within the forest environment.
06:13Unusually, the Fossa has semi-retractable claws and flexible ankles, which allows it
06:17to climb trees head-first downwards and leap between branches with ease.
06:22This arboreal agility is crucial for hunting, as the Fossa preys mainly on lemurs, which
06:27are also very good climbers.
06:29Their hunting technique involves both stealth and speed, and it can chase its prey through
06:33the trees or on the ground, using its sharp teeth and claws to capture its target.
06:38Its sense of sight further helps locate its prey, and its strong jaws enable it to deliver
06:42a powerful bite.
06:4411.
06:45THE WOOD FROG The wood frog is a species of amphibian that's
06:50commonly found throughout North America and has developed a unique adaptation to survive
06:54in freezing temperatures.
06:56It's a medium-sized frog with distinctive dark brown masks around its eyes and can grow
07:00up to 3 inches or 7.5 centimeters long, taking on a variety of potential colorations from
07:06tan to reddish-brown, which help it blend in.
07:09It is the wood frog's ability to tolerate freezing during the winter months that makes
07:13it so unusual, though.
07:15Unlike most amphibians that are forced to find refuge in frost-free environments, the
07:19wood frog endures harsh winter conditions by undergoing a process called cryoprotection.
07:25As the temperature drops, wood frogs prepare for freezing by accumulating glucose in their
07:30tissues.
07:31This glucose acts as an antifreeze and prevents ice from forming within their cells, and protects
07:36their vital organs from damage.
07:38Instead, ice forms in the spaces between the cells, and at the same time, the frog's metabolism
07:43slows down significantly, allowing it to survive.
07:46In early spring, often before the ice and snow have fully melted, wood frogs emerge
07:50from their frozen state.
07:52They are among the first amphibians to breed and migrate to vernal pools, which are temporary
07:56bodies of water that are created by melting snow and spring rain.
08:00Not only does this antifreeze ability let them survive in the winter wherever they are,
08:05but it gives them an advantage over the other species when the spring comes and gives them
08:09a chance to breed in the best spots.
08:11Wetland drainage, deforestation, and development projects are, though, reducing suitable breeding
08:16sites for these frogs, which combined with pollutants that affect their sensitive skin
08:20means that even with an adaptation like this, the outlook for wood frogs is unclear.
08:2510.
08:27The Diving Bell Spider If you're trying to avoid spiders, you might
08:32think being in the water would be a good place to be.
08:35But thanks to a very clever adaptation, that's where you'd be most likely to encounter a
08:39diving bell spider.
08:42Found mainly in Europe and parts of Asia, this spider is the only known species to spend
08:46its entire life underwater.
08:48Rather than developing gills to breathe underwater like a fish, though, this is all thanks to
08:52its ability to create and live inside an air bubble underwater known as a diving bell.
08:58This structure is critical for its survival, and it's constructed from silk, which the
09:02spider weaves into a dome-like shape among the underwater plants.
09:06The spider then collects air from the surface using specialized hairs on its abdomen and
09:10legs, which trap air bubbles, then transfers those bubbles to the diving bell, gradually
09:15expanding it until it forms a stable air supply.
09:19The diving bell serves multiple purposes.
09:21It's a breathing chamber for the spider, a safe retreat from predators, and a place
09:25to molt, lay eggs, and store prey.
09:28The air within the bell is occasionally refilled by the spider, ensuring it has a constant
09:32supply of air.
09:33But remarkably, the diving bell actually allows for gas exchange with the surrounding water,
09:38meaning carbon dioxide can be removed and oxygen can be absorbed directly from the surroundings.
09:43The species also has several other adaptations that help it underwater, such as its body
09:47being covered in fine hairs that trap that layer of air around it, aiding in buoyancy
09:51and breathing.
09:52And the diving bell spider is the perfect example of how, by developing a clever adaptation,
09:57the species can take advantage of a whole new habitat.
10:00It's the only type of spider that we know of that's managed to completely adapt to living
10:04its entire life in water and can teach a lot about how others have been able to fit into
10:09their own environments.
10:11Number 9.
10:12The African Spiny Mouse The African spiny mouse is a rodent species
10:17that's found across regions of Africa and the Middle East.
10:20Known for its distinctive spiny fur, it's become of particular interest to medical researchers
10:25because of an astonishing ability to heal itself whenever it gets injured.
10:29They're highly adaptable and can be found in a variety of environments, from arid deserts
10:33to rocky terrains and savannas.
10:36Their diet mainly consists of seeds, fruits, insects, and small invertebrates, a varied
10:40diet that helps them survive in a harsh environment where food sources can be unpredictable.
10:45They're named for that stiff, spiny hair that covers its back and sides, which serves as
10:49a defense mechanism against predators.
10:52When threatened, the spiny mouse can shed patches of its skin and fur to escape from
10:56predators, an ability known as autotomy.
10:59And while not unique among animals itself, what sets the spiny mouse apart is its extraordinary
11:04capacity of regeneration.
11:06Unlike most mammals, the African spiny mouse can regrow large portions of its skin, including
11:10hair follicles, sweat glands, and even cartilage.
11:13When the skin is shed, the wounds heal rapidly without scarring, and the tissue regenerates
11:18completely.
11:19This regenerative capability has significant implications for its medical research, particularly
11:24in the fields of wound healing and regenerative medicine, as scientists study the genetic
11:28and cellular mechanisms behind it in hopes of applying these findings to human medicine.
11:34Number 8.
11:35The Texas Horned Lizard This lizard is a reptile that's native to
11:39the arid and semi-arid regions of the United States, particularly Texas.
11:44It's recognizable by its flattened, broad body covered in sharp, horn-like scales.
11:49These spiny projections, which are especially clear on the head and back, provide an effective
11:53camouflage and protection against predators.
11:55The lizard's coloration, typically a mix of brown, tan, and reddish hues, further helps
11:59it to blend into those desert surroundings.
12:02If they are found by a predator, though, they have a truly unique method of escaping.
12:06When threatened, the lizard can increase its blood pressure in its head until the blood
12:10vessels in its eyes burst, shooting a stream of blood up to 5 feet or over 1.5 meters.
12:17This blood, which has a foul taste, can confuse or repel predators, giving the lizard a chance
12:22to escape.
12:23In addition to this defense technique, the Texas Horned Lizard uses several other strategies
12:27to evade threats.
12:29It can, for example, remain motionless to avoid detection, burrow into the ground to
12:33hide and even puff up its body to appear larger and more intimidating.
12:37This lizard mainly feeds on ants, particularly harvester ants, which makes up a significant
12:41portion of its diet, and they have a long, sticky tongue to capture those insects.
12:46This specialized diet requires the lizard to have adaptations that allow it to tolerate
12:50the toxins produced by the ants, which would be harmful to other animals, and because of
12:54this tolerance, they can also sometimes eat other insects, spiders, and small invertebrates.
13:00Despite all the adaptations, though, Texas Horned Lizards face several challenges.
13:04Habitat destruction due to urban development, agriculture, and the use of pesticides has
13:08led to a significant decline in their population, and the introduction of invasive species such
13:12as fire ants pose a threat to their main food source and disrupt its natural ecosystem.
13:187.
13:19Yapok The Yapok, which is commonly known as the
13:23water opossum, is a species of marsupial that can be found in Central and South America,
13:28from southern Mexico to northern Argentina.
13:31It's the only known marsupial that's adapted to an aquatic lifestyle, making it particularly
13:35interesting to researchers.
13:37The animal is about the size of a domestic cat, with a body length of up to 15.7 inches
13:41or about 40 centimeters.
13:43It has a sleek, streamlined body that's covered in dense, water-repellent fur that ranges
13:47in color from gray to brown with darker spots.
13:50This fur helps it keep warm and dry while swimming, and its large, webbed hind feet
13:54help it move through water.
13:55The front feet are not webbed, but are equipped with sharp claws, and it's these that they
13:59use for catching prey.
14:01Yapoks are nocturnal and solitary animals, spending much of their time in and around
14:05freshwater habitats such as streams, rivers, and lakes.
14:08They're great swimmers and divers, capable of staying underwater for several minutes
14:12while foraging for food.
14:14Their diet consists of mainly fish, crustaceans, amphibians, and aquatic insects, which they
14:18catch with their dexterous front paws and have excellent night vision.
14:22As a marsupial, they are like others in that the females have a pouch, which they use to
14:26carry and take care of their young.
14:28Cleverly, though, theirs have a special adaptation, whereby their pouch is completely watertight.
14:33When the yapok enters the water, the muscles around the pouch tighten to prevent water
14:37from entering, keeping the young inside safe and dry.
14:41As with many other animals with such specialized adaptations, they live in very specific habitats,
14:46and as a result are increasingly under threat by habitat destruction.
14:50Conservation efforts are, therefore, underway to ensure their continued survival, such as
14:54protecting freshwater ecosystems, reducing pollution, and preserving forested areas.
14:596.
15:00The Notothenioid Fish Notothenioid fish are a group that are native
15:05to the southern ocean surrounding Antarctica, and to survive in one of the planet's most
15:09extreme environments, they have developed some clever adaptations.
15:12As a result, the suborder, which includes a species such as the Antarctic Icefish, the
15:16Patagonian Toothfish, and the Antarctic Dragonfish, plays a crucial role in the Antarctic marine
15:21ecosystem.
15:23The most important adaptation of this fish is their ability to survive in sub-zero temperatures.
15:28The waters of the southern ocean, which can reach temperatures as low as 28.4 degrees
15:32Fahrenheit or negative 2 degrees Celsius, which is below the freezing point of most
15:37fish.
15:38The Notothenioids, however, have evolved antifreeze glycoproteins in their blood and body fluids.
15:43These proteins prevent ice crystals from forming within their bodies, which is a vital adaptation
15:48that allows them to thrive where other fish would freeze solid.
15:51The antifreeze proteins bind to small ice crystals and inhibit their growth, effectively
15:55lowering the freezing point of the fish's bodily fluids.
15:59Unlike most fish, which have a swim bladder for buoyancy, Notothenioids don't have this
16:03organ at all.
16:04Instead, they achieve buoyancy through a reduction in skeletal mineralization and increased lipid
16:09content in their tissues.
16:11These adaptations allow them to stand a chance in the freezing water, but they've also developed
16:15varied diets and feeding strategies, which allow them to live in much wider areas.
16:20Some species, like the Antarctic Silverfish, feed on plankton and small invertebrates,
16:24while others, like the predatory Antarctic Toothfish, prey on larger fish and squid.
16:29These feeding habits have ensured that Notothenioids have taken leading roles in the Antarctic food
16:34crib, influencing the population of countless other marine species.
16:39Number 5.
16:40The Pistil Shrimp The Pistil Shrimp, which you may know as the
16:43Snapping Shrimp, is a crustacean known for its unique claw.
16:47There are over 600 species of Pistil Shrimp, and they're found in a variety of environments,
16:52ranging from coral reefs to seagrass beds across tropical and temperate seas.
16:57The first feature you'll notice of the Pistil Shrimp is its asymmetrical claws.
17:01While both claws begin roughly equal in size, as the shrimp matures, one claw grows significantly
17:07larger.
17:08This specialized claw is biological engineering at its finest, consisting of two parts, a
17:13movable hammer and a fixed socket.
17:16When the hammer is cocked and then rapidly released, it snaps into the socket, creating
17:20a high-velocity jet of water.
17:23This action generates a bubble that collapses with a loud snap, producing a sound that can
17:27reach up to 210 decibels and is louder than a gunshot.
17:31The process also generates extreme temperatures and pressures, though only for an incredibly
17:36brief moment, it can create a flash of light under certain conditions.
17:39Mostly, it's used for hunting, as the shockwave created by the bubble's collapse can stun
17:44or even kill a small fish and other prey.
17:47The snapping also plays a role in defense, helping to fend off potential predators and
17:51competing shrimp, and the sound is also used for communication, particularly in the complex
17:56social interactions of certain species.
17:59Pistol shrimp are known, too, for their symbiotic relationships with gobies, which are small
18:03fish that share their burrows.
18:05The shrimp, which have poor eyesight, benefit from the goby's sharp vision, and in return,
18:09the goby gets a safe refuge from predators.
18:12The shrimp maintains and constructs the burrow, which both animals use as a home, and this
18:16relationship is highly coordinated, with the goby often touching the shrimp with its tail
18:20to signal when it's safe to come out.
18:23Despite their smallness, typically growing to a maximum length of about 2 inches or 5
18:27centimeters, they are by far the most powerful animals of all compared to their size, with
18:31the strongest natural weapon in all of the natural kingdom.
18:354.
18:36The Pangolin Pangolins are an amazing mammal, with eight
18:40different species that are found across Asia and Africa.
18:44They're solitary, nocturnal creatures covered in protective keratin scales and with a specialized
18:49diet of ants and termites.
18:51They have their own set of armor, with their bodies covered in tough, overlapping scales
18:55made of keratin, which is the same protein that makes human hair and nails.
18:59These scales provide a brilliant defense against predators, and when threatened, a pangolin
19:04can curl into a tight ball, exposing only its tough scales while protecting its soft
19:08underside.
19:09They are highly specialized feeders, too, and are well-adapted to this role.
19:13They've got long, sticky tongues that can extend well beyond the length of their bodies,
19:17allowing them to probe deep into ants' nests and termite mounds.
19:21They don't have any teeth, so they swallow their prey whole, and their stomachs are specially
19:24adapted to grind and digest the hard exoskeletons of insects.
19:29This specialized diet means pangolins play a crucial ecological role in controlling insect
19:33populations, particularly in ants and termites.
19:36They are extremely important in their natural habitats, but unfortunately, because of their
19:40appearance and behavior, pangolins have become the most trafficked mammals in the world.
19:45They're taken for their scales, which are highly valued in traditional medicine, particularly
19:49in Asia, and their meat, which is considered a delicacy.
19:52Poaching as well as habitat loss due to deforestation and agricultural expansion has led to a dramatic
19:57decline in their population.
19:59Conservation efforts for them are in place, involving international cooperation to enforce
20:03anti-poaching laws and reduce illegal wildlife trade, and organizations are working to raise
20:07awareness about them.
20:09Their habitat protection is crucial, though, as preserving the natural environments where
20:13they live can help ensure their survival.
20:163.
20:17The Basilisk Lizard The Basilisk Lizard, which is also known as
20:21the Jesus Christ Lizard, is a reptile that is part of the genus Basilicus.
20:26There are four recognized species, the common, the green, the brown, and the striped basilisk,
20:32all of which are native to the tropical rainforests and lowland regions of Central and South America.
20:37They've got beautiful colorations, like the green basilisk, for instance, which has a
20:41vibrant green body with blue spots and a prominent crest running from head down the back.
20:46Those crests are made of elongated, flexible spines and are more pronounced in males and
20:50used in display of dominance and during mating rituals.
20:54The thing that's made the lizards so well-known, though, is their ability to run across the
20:57surface of the water.
20:59Mostly seen with the common basilisk, when feeling threatened by predators such as birds
21:03or snakes, they can sprint upright on their hind legs, using their long toes with fringed
21:08skin flaps to create surface tension that allows them to dash across the water.
21:12This rapid movement can reach speeds of up to 5 feet per second, enabling the lizard
21:16to cover almost 15 feet in a single sprint before gravity inevitably pulls it under.
21:21Their water-running ability is down to a number of structures within the body.
21:25The lizard's hind legs are significantly longer and more powerful than its front.
21:29The toes of their hind feet have elongated fringe scales that increase surface area and
21:33help distribute the lizard's weight more evenly across the water's surface.
21:38Number 2.
21:39The Clown Loach The Clown Loach is a popular freshwater fish
21:43known for its vibrant colors and playful behavior, making it a favorite among aquarium enthusiasts.
21:48They're easily recognizable by their appearance, with a bright orange body covered with three
21:53thick black vertical bands.
21:55Their fins are often highlighted with a reddish tint and they can grow quite large, with adults
21:59reaching up to 12 inches in length, though they're often smaller in home aquariums due
22:03to space limitations and environmental factors.
22:06One of the most popular traits of the Clown Loach is its playful and social nature.
22:10They are schooling fish, which means they live in groups, and if you're keeping them
22:14in a tank, you'll need to have at least five of them together to keep them happy and healthy.
22:18When kept alone or in too small numbers, they can become stressed, which will cause their
22:22colors to dull and they'll become less active.
22:25In a proper group, the Clown Loaches display fascinating social behaviors, including playful
22:29chasing, synchronized swimming, and a unique clicking sound they produce.
22:34They are omnivorous, with a diet that includes a variety of food.
22:37In the wild, they feed on insects, worms, crustaceans, and plant material, and in captivity,
22:41they do well on a diet of high-quality flake or pellet food.
22:45These fish are known for their unique behavior of lying on their sides or even upside down,
22:49which can be alarming to new owners who might mistake this for illness or death.
22:54They've also got a knack for squeezing into tight spaces, so providing plenty of hiding
22:57spots like caves, driftwood, and dense plants is essential.
23:01They've got a series of extremely sharp, retractable, bony spines behind their eyes that can be
23:05extended out when they feel stressed or in danger, and they're easily sharp enough to
23:10cut into your skin.
23:11In the wild, they're a vital weapon against predators, and even though you'll rarely see
23:15them in an aquarium where the fish are being taken care of properly, they may occasionally
23:19extend them to defend their territory.
23:231.
23:24THE NORTHERN FULMAR The Northern Fulmar is a species of seabird
23:27that are closely related to petrels and shearwaters.
23:31It's a hardy bird that's known for enduring harsh environments, and it's commonly found
23:34in the cold waters of the North Atlantic and Northern Pacific.
23:38Described as being medium-sized seabirds, they've got wingspans measuring up to 44 inches
23:42or about 112 centimeters, and they're usually one of two primary color patterns, a light
23:47one, which is mainly white with gray wings, and a dark tail, and a dark one, which is
23:52gray-brown all over.
23:53One of the more surprising features of the Northern Fulmar is its tube-shaped nostrils,
23:58which help the bird remove excess salt from its system, allowing it to drink seawater.
24:02This adaptation is crucial for their survival in the marine environment, where freshwater
24:06is scarce, and it allows them to spend long periods at sea, unlike many other birds.
24:11They are brilliant flyers, capable of covering great distances with relatively little effort.
24:16They use dynamic soaring, which is a flight technique that takes advantage of wind gradients
24:21over the ocean's surface, and allows them to travel long distances without using much
24:25energy.
24:26Their diet is varied and opportunistic.
24:28They feed on a wide range of marine organisms, including fish, squid, plankton, and carrion,
24:33and they're also known to scavenge from fishing vessels that have a peculiar love of discarded
24:36fish and offal.
24:38Of all their adaptations, though, the most unusual, and the one that the Northern Fulmars
24:42have become best known for, is its interesting defense mechanism against predators and intruders.
24:47When they feel in danger or need to show a potential attacker that they shouldn't be
24:51messed with, they can projectile vomit a foul-smelling oil from their stomachs.
24:56This oil can mat the feathers of other birds, making it almost impossible for them to be
24:59able to fly and chase them.
25:01And with the horrible taste and smell, it's often simply enough to convince a predator
25:05that they aren't particularly hungry anymore.
25:08Thanks for watching, everyone.
25:09I'll see you next time.
25:11Thank you to our channel members.