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Art et designTranscription
00:30Five hundred years ago, there were people on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, but neither knew about the other.
00:37On the western side, our side, the people had reddish-brown skins and lived in huts, or wigwams.
00:44On the eastern side, in Europe, the people were white-skinned.
00:48They had learned how to build houses and large sailing ships, but they still didn't know much about the rest of the world.
00:54In fact, most of them believed the Earth was flat.
00:58Then, one day, a mapmaker named Christopher Columbus had an idea.
01:03Do you know what?
01:05I think the world isn't flat at all, I think it's round like a ball.
01:10Did you hear what he said? Did you hear what he said?
01:12He said that the world is round.
01:14Oh, he's crazy.
01:17I think the world isn't flat at all, I think it's round like a ball.
01:22The world is flat at the brim of your hat, and that is very plain.
01:27I know that I'm right, oh, I know that I'm right when I say that the world is round.
01:31Oh, I'm right, oh, I'm right.
01:34My thinking is sound and I'll prove the world's round.
01:37It won't take very long.
01:40But it did take long, seven long years, before Columbus could convince a king or a queen to let him try out his idea.
01:47Then Queen Isabella of Spain agreed to supply the ships and men for his trip.
01:53I will discover a shortcut to India and bring back some of the great wealth I find there.
01:59And I can do it, for I know the world is round.
02:04And instead of going east to India, I shall sail west and reach India around the other way.
02:10It will be a shorter and cheaper way, for I'll do it all by sea.
02:15Queen Isabella provided Columbus with three ships, the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria.
02:21And on August 3rd, 1492, they set sail across the unknown Atlantic.
02:28High on the foaming tide, over the ocean, onward our ships will ride, onward my sailors.
02:46The ships sailed onward, but two long months after they started, there was still no sign of land ahead.
02:54Turn back Columbus, turn back Columbus.
03:03We'll not turn back until we find India. Onward men!
03:09By October 10th, the sailors and the crew were ready to take matters into their own hands.
03:14If Columbus won't do as we ask, we'll put him in chains.
03:17And we'll turn the ships around ourselves.
03:19Wait, have you heard? One of our men has just seen a branch in the ocean.
03:24What of it?
03:25It had fresh berries on it.
03:27That means we're near land.
03:28Hooray!
03:30Two days later, the ships reached land, and Columbus and his crew saw the people with reddish-brown skins who lived there.
03:37Oh, I think it is rather surprising that they should have reddish-brown skins.
03:43But now since we have landed in India, then these people must be Indians.
03:49We'll call this part of India San Salvador, and I take possession of it in the name of the King and Queen of Spain.
04:00The people Columbus called Indians were very friendly, and they gave Columbus and his men many gifts, but not the rich jewels and gold for which they had come.
04:10For Columbus really wasn't in India at all.
04:13He was on one of the islands off the coast of America.
04:16But because of Columbus's mistake, the natives of America have been called Indians ever since.
04:22Columbus visited other islands near San Salvador, looking for the great wealth of India.
04:27And then he and some of his men returned to Spain.
04:30Hooray!
04:32Hooray for Admiral Christopher Columbus!
04:35Hooray!
04:37Columbus had no trouble getting ships and men for his second voyage,
04:40but he still hadn't the slightest idea that he was headed for the vast continent of America,
04:45and that he would have had to cross it and sail over the Pacific Ocean before he could reach India by traveling west.
04:52The men of Europe were no longer afraid of the ocean.
04:55Columbus made two more voyages, and other explorers followed.
05:00But each year on October 12th, we celebrate Columbus Day,
05:04the anniversary of that day in 1492, when Columbus first sighted the land of the new world, America.