En voici une étonnante : les scientifiques ont découvert que la Lune est en train de rouiller ! La rouille se produit généralement lorsque le métal réagit avec l’eau et l’oxygène, mais la Lune ne possède pas beaucoup de l’un ni de l’autre. Alors, comment cela se produit-il ? Il se trouve que de petites quantités d’oxygène provenant de l’atmosphère terrestre parviennent à la Lune, grâce au vent solaire. Combinez cela avec un peu d’eau provenant de la glace emprisonnée dans les roches lunaires, et voilà—la rouille commence à se former ! C’est vraiment étrange car la Lune est censée être trop sèche et dépourvue d’air pour que cela se produise. Cette découverte bizarre montre simplement à quel point la Terre et la Lune sont connectées de manière inattendue ! Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
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Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
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FunTranscript
00:00The moon is rusting, and there is a strong chance that it is because of the Earth.
00:05You may think that with a distance of more than 380,000 km,
00:09it is unlikely that these two objects will influence each other so directly.
00:13But they do have a particular link.
00:17The moon also affects our planet, and you can see it by observing the oceanic tides.
00:23When the Earth rotates, the gravitational force of the moon attracts the water on the side it is closest to.
00:29This creates a ripple.
00:31At the same time, another ripple forms on the opposite side,
00:35because our planet is rotating, which causes a centrifugal force.
00:40The planet continues to rotate under these ripples,
00:43which explains why we have two low tides and two high tides every day.
00:49In addition, the moon oscillates from time to time, tilts a little,
00:53and causes changes in the oceanic tides.
00:57In return, the Earth's atmosphere rusts our satellite.
01:00Rust is this reddish substance that we see on old portals or nails.
01:05And do you know the Vermilion Cliffs and the Grand Canyon?
01:08If they also have this red color, it is thanks to the presence of rusted iron in the rocks.
01:13Rust forms when iron reacts with oxygen and water.
01:18Rust is common even on Mars.
01:20The characteristic color of this planet comes from the rust that has been there for a very long time.
01:25This is how the red planet got its nickname.
01:29It is difficult to imagine that the moon can be a place that rusts easily,
01:33because it is dry and does not really have an atmosphere.
01:36But a space vehicle studied the moon in 2008
01:39and detected spectra, wavelengths of light,
01:42which were reflected on the different surfaces of the moon.
01:45Thanks to them, it was possible to better analyze the lunar surface.
01:49The data it reported showed that the lunar poles
01:52had a different composition from that of the rest of the moon.
01:55The rocks that are there contain a lot of hematite.
01:58This is a particular type of iron oxide, or simply rust.
02:03No one expected this, because there should not be as much rust on the moon,
02:07given the conditions that reign there.
02:10But we know that there is water on the surface of our satellite.
02:13This is why new theories have emerged on the different minerals that the moon could hide.
02:18It is possible that it was formed as a result of a reaction of water with rocks.
02:24For iron to take this rust, it needs what is called an oxidant.
02:28It is a molecule that removes electrons from materials such as iron, such as oxygen.
02:34But the solar wind constantly hits the moon and brings hydrogen with it.
02:39However, hydrogen has the opposite effect.
02:41It gives electrons to other molecules.
02:44The Earth has a shield against the solar wind.
02:47Our magnetic field.
02:49But the moon does not have such a protection.
02:52And, for this reason, rust should not be able to form on its surface.
02:56But this process happens anyway.
02:58And it may be the fault of the Earth.
03:01The moon itself does not have an atmosphere
03:03likely to provide enough oxygen for the iron to rust.
03:06But apparently, our planet is quite generous
03:09and is part of its own atmosphere.
03:12The oxygen of our atmosphere travels to the moon
03:15following the magnetosphere's tail.
03:17It is a long extension of the Earth's magnetic field
03:20that can reach the hidden side of the moon.
03:23This is precisely where most of the hematite we mentioned is located.
03:28On a full moon, the magnetosphere's tail blocks 99% of the solar wind
03:33which should normally influence our satellite more.
03:36It is as if a temporary curtain was covering its surface,
03:39which leaves time for rust to form.
03:42But there is still an important element
03:44that is necessary for the appearance of rust.
03:46Water.
03:48You will not easily find water
03:50if you decide to go for a walk on the moon one day.
03:53Most of the water is frozen
03:55and hidden in areas that are always in the shade and cold.
03:58These areas are very far from where the hematite was discovered.
04:02And it is therefore difficult to know how the water got there.
04:08But there is an interesting idea.
04:10The dust particles that hit the moon
04:12could release water molecules
04:14trapped in the surface layer of the satellite.
04:17This is how the water is mixed with iron.
04:20We do not know exactly what these dust particles are made of,
04:24but it is possible that they also carry water.
04:27By touching the lunar surface, they could create heat,
04:30which would stimulate the oxidation process
04:33and lead to rust formation.
04:35Thus, our planet does certain things that modify the moon,
04:38but humans also have their influence.
04:40A probe that landed on the lunar surface in 1959
04:44was the first object man-made to touch the moon.
04:47It was also at this time
04:49that we began to modify the moon in an unpredictable way.
04:52Scientists call this the lunar anthropocene.
04:56It is an analogy with the terrestrial anthropocene,
04:59a period during which human activity
05:01had a significant impact on the planet.
05:04It is not possible to determine a precise starting point
05:07for the beginning of this period,
05:09but we know today that the actions we have taken
05:11during our existence
05:13have really changed the environment of our planet.
05:16No one still lives on the moon,
05:18but we have already left traces of it.
05:21After the arrival of man on the moon,
05:23we carried out many missions.
05:25We left landers and flags,
05:27moved the lunar soil,
05:29brought golf balls,
05:31scientific equipment and even human waste.
05:34What are the projects for the future?
05:36Send other missions to the moon
05:38and even possibly create an infrastructure
05:41where some of us could live,
05:43study the resources of the moon
05:45and send them back to Earth.
05:47This is why it is important to talk about the lunar anthropocene
05:50to remind us that we must be responsible
05:52and take care of our heritage.
05:55Many people do not understand
05:57why we sometimes see the moon during the day.
06:00Some even believe that this is a new phenomenon
06:03that did not exist before.
06:05Especially since we started sharing low-resolution images
06:08of what looks like a full moon
06:10in the middle of the day.
06:12Others think that the sun is no longer the same color as before.
06:16It would have been more yellow.
06:19The sun has not changed color.
06:21It is still blue-green.
06:24But it is possible that we saw it more yellow
06:26when we were younger
06:28because then pollution was not so important.
06:31As for the moon,
06:33we can see it as well at night as during the day.
06:35It is brighter at night
06:37because there is no light coming from the sun.
06:39But it is not as if it disappeared during the day.
06:42It is still there.
06:44But we do not see it during the phase of the new moon.
06:47This phase lasts a few days
06:49and, during this period,
06:51the moon approaches the sun.
06:53The light diffused by the sun
06:55makes our satellite less visible.
06:58As for the phases of the moon,
07:01they are easy to recognize if you pay attention.
07:04First of all, there is the black moon,
07:07which can have several meanings.
07:09According to one of the definitions,
07:11it occurs when there are two new moons in a month.
07:14Another says that the black moon occurs
07:16when there are no new moons in the month
07:18and it only happens in February.
07:21The blue moon is not thus designated because of its color.
07:24This is the third full moon of a season
07:26of which there are four.
07:28A super moon occurs when a full moon
07:30coincides with the moment when the moon
07:32is closest to the Earth on its elliptical orbit.
07:35That's why it looks bigger than usual.
07:38Sometimes, you can look up at the night sky
07:41and see a disturbing red sphere.
07:44It is not a sign announcing the end of the world
07:46or the presence of the werewolf.
07:48But it is true,
07:50the blood moon is a good source of inspiration
07:52for this kind of story.
07:54In reality, it is simply an astronomical event
07:56during which our planet projects
07:58a reddish shadow on the moon.
08:00This happens when the Earth interposes
08:02between the moon and the sun,
08:04what is called a total lunar eclipse.
08:06The little companion of the Earth
08:08captures a part of the red light
08:10coming from our atmosphere.
08:12That's why you see this specific color.