California’s next big earthquake could be a real game-changer, especially for the western part of the state. Scientists are keeping a close eye on the San Andreas Fault, which has the potential for a massive megathrust quake. If it hits, the shaking could be strong enough to cause land to sink along the coast, leading to flooding and major damage. This would be a big deal for cities like San Francisco and Los Angeles, which are already dealing with rising sea levels. Experts are urging people to prepare by having emergency kits and plans in place. It’s a reminder that living in earthquake country means staying ready for the unexpected! Credit:
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FunTranscript
00:00So, since 2000, the world has been hit with more than 1,700 earthquakes with magnitude
00:07greater than 5.
00:09Many happened around the Ring of Fire, located around the Pacific Ocean.
00:13In North America, the biggest threat is the San Andreas Fault Line, which can create an
00:18earthquake of a magnitude higher than any other, earning it the spine-tingling nickname
00:22The Big One.
00:24The potential destruction of California is a terrifying prospect that could have unimaginable
00:29consequences, but The Big One is just the beginning of what's to come.
00:36Bad news!
00:37Scientists have predicted an earth-shattering event that will occur in 2030.
00:42Like it or not, there's a 70% chance that we'll experience The Big One, and it will
00:47be an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.7.
00:50The San Andreas Fault Line will cause The Big One, but what is scary is that we can't
00:55predict it.
00:56On the other hand, a massive earthquake occurs every 100 years.
01:00This means there's always time to prepare for a natural disaster.
01:04If we traveled back in time, we'd see a few significant earthquakes like the ones
01:08that wiped out San Francisco and Fort Tahon.
01:12Buildings made a long time ago are not quake-proof.
01:15They will collapse.
01:16Even if they survive, you should not enter them.
01:20But buildings are not the most dangerous part.
01:23You should watch out for electrical lines and gas pipes.
01:26Your hill house might be lovely, but it is extremely unsafe.
01:30During quakes, the hill can turn into a massive landslide that will destroy everything in
01:35its path.
01:36Say goodbye to road trips because all the roads will be ruined.
01:39You should have some spare water and food since you won't be able to go to the supermarket.
01:44This disaster won't be cheap.
01:46It will cost the US around $200 billion to recover from the quake.
01:51At least the earthquake will not trigger tsunamis.
01:54But there's something that can cause more damage than the big one.
01:59The notorious Cascadia subduction zones start in California and end up all the way in Vancouver,
02:06Canada.
02:07The San Andreas fault line is nothing compared to this zone.
02:10It can wipe the whole coast off the face of the Earth.
02:13An example of hyperbole.
02:15Subduction zones are tectonic plates forced to be one under the other and constantly pulling
02:20apart.
02:21One is called the North American Plate and the other is the Juan de Fuca Plate.
02:26Zones like these are not to be messed with since they are terrifying hotspots for earthquake
02:30activity and extremely dangerous because they cause massive underwater quakes.
02:35But they are underwater, so what can they do to us?
02:39Well, they can cause giant tsunamis, flooding cities, and destroying the coastline.
02:44Right now, the most active zone is the Ring of Fire.
02:47The Cascadia zone might be less active, but it is like a sleeping beast that can wake
02:52up and destroy everything in its path, causing a groundbreaking earthquake.
02:57The last time all this stress was released was in the year 1700.
03:03Unlike the San Andreas quake, this one will cause massive tsunamis and much bigger shocks.
03:08Let's hope you'll be camping in an open field at that time because most buildings
03:13and bridges will likely be destroyed.
03:15Also be ready for the aftershocks, as they'll be devastating.
03:19Nature won't be spared either.
03:21Landslides will change animals' habitats.
03:24Even our homes will be changed forever.
03:26Luckily, there is a light at the end of the tunnel, and scientists are doing everything
03:30they can to ensure our safety.
03:32New rules are implemented.
03:34Every new building must be able to withstand massive shocks.
03:37They're developing modern warning systems, and every new infrastructure must follow strict
03:42quake-proof guidelines.
03:45The Juan de Fuca and the North American plates are locked together, but they won't stay
03:49like that forever.
03:51When they unlock, get ready for a massive shake.
03:54The closer you are to the epicenter, the more damage you'll experience.
03:58But even if you are lucky to be far away, you may still feel the ground shaking for
04:02some time.
04:07If we compare the Cascadia subduction zone and the San Andreas fault, we'll see how
04:12much more dangerous the Cascadia zone is.
04:15In 1994, there was an enormous 6.7-magnitude earthquake in the Northridge area, close to
04:21the San Andreas fault.
04:22Sadly, many people didn't make it, and some were injured.
04:26Back then, buildings were not strong and earthquake-proof, and many of them were damaged.
04:31The Cascadia subduction zone can potentially cause a magnitude 9 earthquake.
04:36A magnitude 6 quake has the power of around 44 million pounds of dynamite.
04:42But a magnitude 9 has the power of 44 trillion pounds of dynamite.
04:48The strongest ever recorded quake was in Chile.
04:51Its magnitude measured 9.5, and it destroyed most everything.
04:56So let's say you've survived the quake, but the struggle is far from over.
05:01Soon after, a massive tsunami will strike, with waves that might reach up to 100 feet
05:06in some areas.
05:07That's so unlike the San Andreas earthquake, which can't produce any significant waves.
05:11So say goodbye to your beautiful garden, since saltwater will destroy trees and plants, changing
05:17the environment for a period of time.
05:19The only positive thing will be you won't need Halloween decorations, because all those
05:24dried-out trees will resemble a ghost forest.
05:27The combination of waves, quakes, and the sheer size of the area will make this natural
05:32disaster much more dangerous than any caused by the San Andreas Fault or the so-called
05:37Big One.
05:41A quake similar to this happened around 300 years ago.
05:44Many more have been recorded in the past 3,500 years, proving that they continually occur
05:50every 400-600 years.
05:52So technically, we have around 100-300 years before the next Big One hits.
05:59You still have no idea how exactly the Cascadia subduction zone works, because we discovered
06:05it in 1970.
06:07This zone is super scary because it can cause big earthquakes.
06:10It was found by accident when researchers studied the Ring of Fire.
06:15They wanted to know if this area had caused any trouble in the past years, and the proof
06:19was under their noses.
06:21In Washington, there is a horror forest where nothing has been growing for years.
06:26When researchers tested the soil, they found a tremendous amount of salt.
06:30They put two and two together and concluded that a massive tsunami had been the reason.
06:35Experts still didn't know when the forest was destroyed.
06:39But Japan kept records of a gigantic earthquake that had a similar effect.
06:44It was the one that happened in the year 1700.
06:47There is a 1 in 3 chance that the next one will occur in 2050.
06:53You must know how to survive the Canadian earthquakes and make it out unscathed, so
06:57listen carefully.
06:59Those who live in this area have almost no experience with earthquakes like this one.
07:04Surviving the quake is relatively easy, but the tsunami coming afterwards is the real
07:08danger.
07:10After the shake, find the highest ground and go there.
07:13Only bring the essentials, like food and water.
07:15Yeah, leave your baseball card collection at home.
07:19After the first hit, don't try to go down.
07:21Some seismologists say that, most likely, there will be a few more waves, and they have
07:25proven this.
07:27On the 22nd of May, 1960, seismologist Jerry Esten and his four friends went to Hawaii
07:33to see an expected tsunami that was to happen around midnight.
07:37They set up their gear on Wailuku Bridge with an escape route planned.
07:41This bridge had been destroyed in the previous tsunami, but the new one was much taller and
07:45better.
07:46After midnight, the water was 4 feet above the average level.
07:50The second wave hit a half-hour after midnight, and the water rose another 9 feet by 1 a.m.
07:57The water started going down and dropped by 7 feet, but the horror was far from over.
08:02Next, they saw a wave that was around 20 feet tall.
08:06This shows us that tsunamis are unpredictable, and we should listen to experts to stay safe.
08:16That's it for today!
08:17But – hey!
08:18If you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your friends!
08:22Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!