Data Mineral One Data Indonesia (MODI) Kementerian Energi Dan Sumber Daya Manusia mencatat, realisasi jumlah produksi batu bara di sepanjang tahun 2024 telah melampaui dari target produksi yang ditetapkan. Per Desember 2024, realisasi produksi batu bara mencapai 831,53 juta ton atau tumbuh hingga 117,12% dibandingkan target sebesar 710 juta ton.
Sementara serapan produk batu bara untuk pasar domestik tercatat 379,82 juta ton. Dan serapan untuk Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) mencapai 209,93 juta ton, tumbuh 115,79% dari rencana DMO 2024 sebesar 181,3 juta ton.
Adapun realisasi ekspor produk batu bara nasional di akhir 2024, tercatat tidak menyentuh dari target rencana ekspor yaitu 435,36 juta ton atau hanya sekitar 88,85%. Sedangkan, rencana ekspor sendiri mencapai 490 juta ton.
Sementara serapan produk batu bara untuk pasar domestik tercatat 379,82 juta ton. Dan serapan untuk Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) mencapai 209,93 juta ton, tumbuh 115,79% dari rencana DMO 2024 sebesar 181,3 juta ton.
Adapun realisasi ekspor produk batu bara nasional di akhir 2024, tercatat tidak menyentuh dari target rencana ekspor yaitu 435,36 juta ton atau hanya sekitar 88,85%. Sedangkan, rencana ekspor sendiri mencapai 490 juta ton.
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TVTranscript
00:00PRASETYO WIBOWO
00:30PRASETYO WIBOWO
00:35PRASETYO WIBOWO
00:40PRASETYO WIBOWO
00:47In 2024, the realization yielded 831,53 million tons.
00:54and the realization has reached 117.12% of the production target of 710 million tons.
01:05Data Mineral One, Indonesia's Ministry of Energy and Human Resources data
01:09recorded the realization of the number of coal production throughout 2024
01:13has exceeded the production target set.
01:17In December 2024, the realization of coal production reached 831.53 million tons
01:24or grew to 117.12% compared to the target of 710 million tons.
01:32Meanwhile, the intake of coal products for the domestic market was 379.82 million tons
01:38and the intake for the domestic market obligation reached 209.93 million tons
01:43grew 115.79% from the 2024 DMO plan of 181.3 million tons.
01:52There was also the realization of the export of national coal products at the end of 2024
01:57it turned out not to touch the export plan target of 435.36 million tons
02:02or only about 88.85% while the export plan reached 490 million tons.
02:13TARGET OF COAL PRODUCTS
02:17To discuss our interesting topic today,
02:19Lampaui targets coal products.
02:21In 2024, it reached 831 million tons.
02:25We have been connected via Zoom with Mr. Fahmi Rady,
02:28Economic Observer of Gajah Madan University of Energy
02:31and also Mr. Angga Wira, he is the Chairperson of the Association
02:34for the Introduction of Mineral Energy and Coal in Indonesia, ASPEBINO.
02:38Hello, how are you, Mr. Fahmi, Mr. Angga?
02:41Thank you, Mr. Fahmi.
02:46Yes, thank you for your time.
02:48And we will review first,
02:51Mr. Angga, what is the position of Kinerja,
02:54then the productivity of the mining industry,
02:57especially coal, in 2024 that has passed the target?
03:03Yes, of course, Kinerja, if we look at it, is still quite positive.
03:08From the RKAB that has been established by Minerba,
03:14it seems that it has exceeded the target,
03:17even though if we look at the domestic market,
03:20the growth is quite significant.
03:23Outside, I think it is still stable,
03:28if we look at it, because the global economic conditions
03:32can be said that the development is still not relatively good.
03:40But if we look at it from the domestic market,
03:43it does show that the consumption of coal for energy,
03:49both DMO and non-DMO, is still dominating.
03:55This is also a note related to the energy transition program.
04:02If we look at it, it means that the existing energy consumption
04:06is still dominated by coal supply,
04:10both electric and non-electric.
04:14But if we look at it from the positive side,
04:17it means that our energy consumption in the country is quite increasing,
04:23because if we look at it, like in the PLN,
04:26the use of LNG as one of the alternatives for electricity,
04:32there is also a significant increase.
04:36Okay, and if we look at it, where is it more dominant?
04:39Is it the domestic part, or is it the need for foreign export
04:44which also got a high demand in 2024?
04:48Yes, if we look at it from the delivery data,
04:50the increase in the domestic market is quite significant,
04:57exceeding the target, a few tens of percent.
05:03Mr. Fahmi, from your point of view,
05:05how is it related to the development of the mining industry in Indonesia,
05:09especially coal, which is still a pillar for Indonesia
05:14for export activities or energy needs in the country?
05:19Yes, if using a production indicator,
05:24then market absorption, this is very good.
05:28And this increase will of course contribute to the increase in BNPP,
05:34then royalties and so on.
05:37As an indicator, I think the work is very good.
05:43However, if we use an indicator,
05:46the first is environmental damage,
05:49and the second is the energy transition program,
05:52I think it looks bad.
05:56Because wherever there is coal,
06:01the process and output will damage the environment.
06:10Then the second, if we look at the domestic market absorption in the country,
06:17PLN is also still using coal, about 58%,
06:22then this indicates that the energy transition program
06:28that has been implemented since 2010
06:32has not yet shown results.
06:37And this is confirmed by the EPT indicator,
06:43which was targeted at 23% in 2025,
06:49now only 12.8%.
06:53So if the indicator is in the energy transition program,
06:58it's still bad.
07:02Well, if we look at the current situation,
07:05how do you see the need for coal in the country is still high,
07:09if we talk about the smell of renewable energy,
07:13it's still thin, Mr. Fahmi?
07:18Yes, so as I said, based on the EPT target indicator,
07:24it has not yet reached,
07:27which indicates that the smell of renewable energy is still dominated by coal.
07:36And this can also be understood,
07:38even PLN uses more coal,
07:42because it is the cheapest and most efficient,
07:46but it also damages the environment.
07:51Therefore, if the government is serious and not ambiguous,
07:59I say ambiguous on the one hand,
08:01to achieve the energy transition,
08:03but on the other hand, it actually encourages the production of coal in large quantities,
08:09even inviting religious organizations to participate in increasing production.
08:15This is an ambiguous thing.
08:18Therefore, if the focus is on the achievement of renewable energy,
08:26then there must be various regulations
08:29that must be imposed on coal mining.
08:34For example, coal mining,
08:38either personally, individually,
08:41or in the form of a consortium,
08:45must be legalized.
08:49Or the production must be legalized by at least 20%.
08:55That will gradually reduce coal production
08:59and will be directed to be processed through legalization.
09:08Okay, so that's one of the efforts to legalize coal mining.
09:14Mr. Angga Wira Lantas,
09:16if we look at the increase in coal production triggers in 2024,
09:21does it correlate with the need for energy for the coal mining industry?
09:27Then, what is the impact of geopolitical conditions abroad
09:32that are getting hotter and wider?
09:36If we look at the foreign market, it is relatively stable.
09:41Plus or minus, there is an increase.
09:44I think it's in a stable condition.
09:47But I want to underline what Mr. Fahmi said
09:50about how we push for the smell of energy and legalization.
09:56If the price of coal in the country is still kept at 70,
10:04it will be very difficult for us entrepreneurs
10:08to carry out the existing legalization program.
10:13Because the price of coal mining has been going on for almost 7 years,
10:18including the 7th year.
10:20On the other hand, the stripping ratio is getting higher,
10:24so the cost of our products is getting higher.
10:27On the other hand, there has never been an increase.
10:30In that sense, it is very difficult for us.
10:34Especially for coal mining companies,
10:37which are on an industrial scale,
10:39with the use of industrial equipment,
10:45the cost will definitely be very high.
10:48So, our advice is that the government must implement a price scheme
10:54that does not have a high enough disparity.
10:59Right now, the price of ICA coal is around 140-150 USD.
11:05That's almost half of the price.
11:08On the other hand, it should be increased to around 90-100 USD.
11:16Maybe around 10 USD per metric ton
11:19can be used for the legalization program.
11:22Because the legalization program must be done collaboratively.
11:28It can't be done alone.
11:29If it's a large-scale business,
11:31it can be done with a mining area of tens of thousands.
11:35But if it's a small-scale business,
11:37for example, a mining company that only has 1,000-2,000 hectares,
11:42how can it make a legalization program?
11:45The investment must be large.
11:47So, I think there must be a roadmap.
11:51And it must be realistic.
11:54It must be based on the acceptability of the business model.
12:00If not, it's just a concept.
12:05It can't be implemented.
12:06Because this plan has been going on for some time.
12:11There are some foreign companies that want to invest,
12:15but the price of the product and so on has fallen.
12:18Because the price of coal in our country is still too cheap.
12:22So, it's difficult for them.
12:24Because, for example, to change to gasification or DME,
12:28there is an additional cost-productivity.
12:30Isn't it interesting if we look at the price disparity in DMO?
12:34With the price of economy or the price of coal itself in the international market.
12:39So, it encourages the interest in investment.
12:41We will discuss this in the next segment.
12:43We'll be back in a moment.
12:44And, Mr. Mirsa, make sure you're still with us.
12:53Thank you for joining us in Market Review.
12:55In the next segment, we'll be sharing with you the data
12:57related to the implementation of national coal production
13:00from the period of 2020 to 2024.
13:04Here it is.
13:05As you can see on the television screen.
13:07For the implementation of coal production in Indonesia,
13:10the trend continues to rise.
13:12Even in 2024, it has exceeded the target of 831.53 million tons.
13:19831.53 million tons.
13:22Next, for domestic coal implementation.
13:25This is also not much different from production.
13:28The trend continues to rise.
13:30In 2024, 379.91 million tons of data were recorded
13:35from the Ministry of Economic Development.
13:38So, how about the implementation of coal DMO,
13:41which we discussed in the previous segment?
13:43It's quite interesting.
13:44Related to the price disparity in DMO
13:46in the international market for coal.
13:51Here it is.
13:52In 2024, 209.93 million tons for DMO.
13:58In 2023, 212.86 million tons.
14:02In 2022, 215.81 million tons.
14:06The trend tends to decline in the last three years.
14:10Next, for coal export.
14:14The trend continues to rise.
14:18In 2024, 435.36 million tons were recorded
14:23for Indonesia's coal export.
14:26Higher than in 2023, at 406.67 million tons.
14:31We will continue our discussion with Mr. Ngawirat Ketumum,
14:34the Association for the Importance of Mineral Energy and Indonesian Coal.
14:38Then, Mr. Fahmi Radi,
14:41from Gajah Mada University.
14:44Mr. Fahmi, this is interesting.
14:46Based on what Mr. Angga has said,
14:50the price disparity in DMO
14:52still seems to be a concern
14:55for the national coal industry.
14:57What do you think?
15:00So, the DMO policy,
15:05the 70% target,
15:07the main purpose is
15:09so that the price of the DMO
15:11does not fluctuate
15:13due to the increase in the price of coal.
15:15Even though the price was $70 per ton.
15:21But the price of the coal market fluctuates.
15:27It used to be up to $300.
15:30So, the price disparity is too high.
15:34And this really bothers the coal business.
15:45Because the price disparity is quite high.
15:47In my opinion, in the future,
15:49based on what Mr. Angga said,
15:51the price must be increased.
15:53Whether the price will be increased by 70%,
15:55or even, in my opinion,
15:57the price must be reduced.
15:59Because in the context of the energy transition program,
16:03this is an ambiguous form
16:05of government policy.
16:07On the one hand,
16:09they want to increase the power of the DMO.
16:12But on the other hand,
16:14they still set a fairly low price for coal.
16:19So, it can't be blamed.
16:22Until now, the power of the DMO
16:25is about 58% coal.
16:28It has never changed.
16:30So, the DMO uses
16:34either solar energy or wind energy.
16:38So, if the price disparity is reduced,
16:44for example, it is reduced to 90%,
16:47or 100%,
16:49or the price is reduced,
16:51the DMO will be forced to develop alternative energy
16:55as a substitute for coal.
16:58As long as the DMO remains as it is now,
17:02I am sure that in the future,
17:04there will be no change in the price of energy.
17:07The price will still be 58%.
17:09Because it is the cheapest to use coal
17:12compared to other types of energy.
17:15This is interesting.
17:16Mr. Angga, if it has been said,
17:18as Mr. Fahmir said,
17:20the DMO, coal, has the potential to be increased
17:23or even eliminated,
17:24from the preparation of the industry itself,
17:26what if we talk about the energy transition in Indonesia,
17:30where coal can still go along
17:33with the development of new energy in Indonesia?
17:37Remembering that the demand is still high.
17:39Because Mr. Fahmir said the price is still quite cheap.
17:43Mr. Angga.
17:45Yes, first, we do have a commitment to hillarization.
17:49But earlier, if this hillarization,
17:53once again, it is related to the business.
17:57But if the price of coal in the country is still in the 70s,
18:04it will not be able to meet the business.
18:09So people are better to still sell coal
18:13as it is.
18:15If we talk about hillarization,
18:17there must be an additional production cost.
18:21So it depends on the government's policy roadmap.
18:28What kind of commitment
18:32to make changes
18:39to consumption
18:42rather than the use of coal in the country.
18:46Ideally, in the future,
18:48as Mr. Fahmir said,
18:50there is no more DMO,
18:53it's just B2B.
18:55So you can see how much the price of coal is.
18:59If the price of coal is higher,
19:02automatically,
19:04the alternative use of other energies
19:07will be more viable.
19:10Like that.
19:12It's actually simple.
19:14You mentioned earlier,
19:15for example, DMO has increased,
19:16but some of it is used for hillarization programs.
19:20How do you see it?
19:21Ideally, how much will it increase?
19:23Will this also affect the effectiveness,
19:27the desire of coal mining industry players
19:30to increase production,
19:32then increase investment, for example?
19:34Yes, that's right.
19:35For example, in the Hulumi Gas industry,
19:37when people are pushed to do exploration,
19:40they have to ask for incentives, right?
19:42What incentives so that the ERR can be maintained?
19:45It's the same.
19:46Ideally, our expectations are maybe in the range of 100 dollars.
19:52Then, the 10 dollars can be used for hillarization,
19:57making programs,
19:59or there are incentives,
20:01for example, the price too, the price of buying,
20:03it can be done in advance, right?
20:07But the advance subsidy is already there,
20:09the product is already hillarized.
20:13That's even better.
20:14So, our R&D is also running.
20:17We don't get fooled,
20:18since we have a large reserve of coal,
20:22we are also not aggressive to do R&D.
20:26If there is R&D,
20:28we can have an alternative,
20:29for example, in the coal mine,
20:31because there is a coal mine body,
20:33there is R&D,
20:35for example, for B40,
20:36later maybe up to B100,
20:37it's good for our energy reserve.
20:40So, we are looking for a country that leads
20:44to how to optimize our coal reserves.
20:50Otherwise, it's just like this.
20:52Okay, so you agree with DMO,
20:54going up like that,
20:55but some of the funds are used for R&D.
20:57Oh yes, I agree, it should be like that.
20:59Yes, that's right.
21:00Okay, interesting.
21:01Who from the government itself,
21:04either PLN or whoever,
21:06will absorb the coal needs for their own energy?
21:10Is it okay if the price is so high?
21:12We will discuss it in the next segment.
21:14Mr. Fahmi and Mr. Sangga, we will be back.
21:17And Mr. Mirsa, we will be right back.
21:28We continue our discussion,
21:29and this time with Mr. Fahmi Rady,
21:31Researcher of Energy Economy at Gajama University.
21:34Mr. Fahmi, if we talk about the business sector,
21:37as Mr. Sangga said,
21:39the DMO can be increased,
21:41so that it becomes more attractive
21:43for industrialists and investors.
21:46And some of the funds can be used again
21:48for the development of renewable energy.
21:50What do you think?
21:51The readiness of PLN or other institutions,
21:56other companies that indeed absorb
21:58the coal needs for national energy,
22:00what will happen if the price goes up?
22:02Yes, I think, as Mr. Sangga said,
22:06if the price of the DMO is raised to 100,
22:10the 10 will be allocated to R&D.
22:13Because R&D is very important
22:15in the development of industrialization.
22:20Well, is PLN ready?
22:24Actually, if the price is set
22:27according to the market price,
22:29PLN is not financially responsible,
22:34it is not responsible for the loss earlier.
22:36So, for example,
22:38by releasing the DMO earlier,
22:40the price of the main supply of electricity will increase.
22:44Well, PLN can't raise the price
22:47because it involves consumer problems.
22:51Well, if PLN sells electricity
22:53at the market price,
22:56then it will be replaced by the government
22:59in the form of compensation.
23:01So, PLN has no loss at all.
23:04But the positive impact
23:06of releasing the expensive coal earlier
23:10pushes or encourages PLN
23:14to continuously develop
23:16alternative renewable energy.
23:19Well, then for industrialization,
23:23I think coal can be developed
23:26for example, gasification
23:29to convert coal into gas.
23:34But again, this requires innovation,
23:37research and development,
23:39and costs.
23:41Well, where does the cost come from?
23:42Well, I think it can be from the forestry sector earlier,
23:45or then also part of the
23:48BUMN, the PLN Pertamina earlier,
23:51to produce coal.
23:54Or also, coal can be processed
23:58as a renewable energy,
24:01but made in such a way
24:03as not to pollute the environment.
24:07So, if the coal is produced
24:10and stopped just like that,
24:11I think it's not right.
24:14Because our coal reserves
24:16are still very large.
24:18But what must be done
24:20is research and development
24:22to convert the coal earlier
24:25from dirty energy to clean energy,
24:28and that can be done.
24:30So, one of the things earlier,
24:32the funds from the demo that was raised
24:35or the funds were abolished,
24:37some of it was saved for research and development.
24:41Well, all of this is not just a roadmap
24:44that must be prepared by the government,
24:46but the government leads the organization earlier
24:51with the members of the BUMN entrepreneurs
24:56as a co-operation.
25:00But if left alone,
25:04it won't reach the end of the world.
25:09Well, this is it.
25:10Mr. Sangga, as far as this is concerned,
25:12how is the communication effort,
25:14discussion, maybe invited together
25:16on how to increase hillarization
25:18in the coal mining sector,
25:20is it far enough intense
25:22if it was expected
25:24the presence of the government
25:26as well as other communities?
25:28Yes, actually,
25:29this hillarization program
25:31has been since Mr. Jokowi's government,
25:34and coal mining has become
25:36one of the sectors that was
25:38affected earlier.
25:41It means there has been a discussion,
25:44even in the form of a proposal project.
25:48But once again,
25:49if the price of coal in the country
25:52or the DMO
25:54policy is still like this,
25:56well...
26:03Yes.
26:04Okay.
26:06Hello.
26:07It's like the price is not economical.
26:09So I think there should be a commitment
26:12and it should be led.
26:13I agree with Mr. Fahmi,
26:14it should be led by...
26:15There is already Satgas,
26:16led by the Minister of DMO.
26:18So I think Satgas
26:20directly gives direction
26:23and there should be a policy
26:26that is comprehensive.
26:28So it's not just from one side,
26:30but how to create
26:35the business ecosystem.
26:37Once again, the government is only the minister of agriculture.
26:39In the end, it's the business ecosystem.
26:41If the business ecosystem is not created,
26:43the term of the Minister of DMO
26:45will not work.
26:48This program is just a gossip.
26:50So in my opinion,
26:52there should also be the courage of the PLN.
26:57But on the other hand,
26:59the target of the Minister of DMO
27:01about the PLN
27:02should not be measured
27:04only from the side of profit and loss.
27:07If the direction of the PLN
27:09is still a matter of profit,
27:11it's difficult.
27:12The PIN should also talk about energy transition, for example.
27:15How much will it increase?
27:17Only then it can work, sir.
27:18If not, it's difficult.
27:20Because what is pursued is only profit.
27:22It's hard.
27:23So in my opinion, it must be realistic
27:25and it must also be truly comprehensive.
27:28What is the solicitation, Mr. Fahmi,
27:30that you might be able to convey?
27:31If indeed this is so that we can sit together,
27:33go hand in hand
27:35as entrepreneurs,
27:36to be able to push
27:38the greener coal industry in the future.
27:42Yes, I think
27:44the government must be present.
27:46Whether in the process
27:48of changing coal
27:50into ramification
27:52or in other policies,
27:53such as the DMO, for example.
27:55This needs to be discussed
27:57between the Minister of SDM
27:59and other related ministries.
28:01What will the impact be like later?
28:03Including the Minister of Finance, for example.
28:05This must also be discussed.
28:07Just now, Inay,
28:08has already set up
28:10100 DMOs, for example.
28:12Then there is a fund for realisation.
28:14Then we just need to implement it.
28:16In the implementation,
28:18there is already a gas center.
28:20And there is also
28:22now there is a specific minister
28:24in terms of realisation.
28:26It must be
28:28the minister who is active
28:30in leading,
28:32coordinating and synchronizing
28:34coal entrepreneurs,
28:36including
28:38BUMN,
28:40BLN,
28:42Pertamina.
28:44For example, Pertamina has tried
28:46gasification,
28:48cooperating with Air Products,
28:50a company from America.
28:52For two years, Air Products
28:54came from Indonesia.
28:56Pertamina could not continue
28:58because there was no technology.
29:00So, the focus
29:02of the technology
29:04must be
29:06prioritized.
29:08Of course, it can also
29:10in the research and development
29:12involve high procurement,
29:14involve print.
29:16The cost will be from the funds
29:18of the DMO increase earlier.
29:20I believe
29:22our nation can
29:24provide or
29:26develop the technology needed
29:28for earlier
29:30realisation.
29:32I think this coal resource
29:34has a lot of potential.
29:36If we stop the production,
29:38I don't think it will make sense.
29:40So, it must be
29:42explored,
29:44but it must be
29:46changed from dirty energy
29:48to clean energy
29:50through the earlier realisation.
29:52That's right. That's what we are waiting for.
29:54We will see what the realisation will be like.
29:56How to boost the productivity of coal
29:58that can contribute to the country's income.
30:00But on the other hand, we can...
30:02Mr. Fahmi,
30:16Thank you, Mr. Fahmi.
30:20Stay healthy.