Pretty soon, the Moon won’t just be shining in the night sky—it’ll be getting 4G! NASA and Nokia are teaming up to bring a mobile network to the lunar surface, making it easier for astronauts to communicate. Instead of using old-school radios, future moonwalkers will be able to send texts, make calls, and even stream data back to Earth. This 4G network will help with navigation, video streaming, and controlling lunar rovers in real-time. And who knows? Maybe one day, we'll be FaceTiming from the Moon! The future of space travel is looking more connected than ever. 🚀📶 Animation is created by Bright Side.
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Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4VxV
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This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.
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😹
FunTranscript
00:00About a century ago, people envisioned the 21st century as a time filled with quirky
00:11inventions.
00:12They weren't far off the mark.
00:14We're now one step closer to establishing an actual settlement on the moon.
00:20Before we can create a new home up, we need to find a way to stay connected, beyond just
00:25transportation and shipping.
00:28Being able to send a simple text, even something as casual as, hey how are you, is essential.
00:34We can't move to the moon if we're cut off from earth.
00:37Let me spill some tea.
00:39A lunar 4G network is currently being developed.
00:43The company leading this initiative is none other than Nokia's Bell Labs.
00:47The company, bought by the world famous Finnish company that started out as a paper mill in
00:52the 19th century and later ventured into the cell phone industry, creating iconic devices
00:58long before Apple launched its first phone.
01:02Once the network is completed, it will be loaded onto a lander, deployed and connected
01:07using specialized radio equipment.
01:09But don't think this is just a fun experiment.
01:12It has significant purposes.
01:14The Lunar Outpost rover, one of the vehicles involved in this mission, will thoroughly
01:19explore an area known as the Shackleton Connecting Ridge.
01:24Another rover, the Micronova, will investigate a lunar crater in search of ice.
01:30When they discover ice and capture images, this information will be first transmitted
01:34to the lander, and then relayed to earth.
01:38An unprecedented achievement in history.
01:43Moreover, the importance of a reliable phone connection cannot be overstated.
01:49Currently, astronauts communicate via radio, but NASA aims to establish a lunar communication
01:56system capable of supporting high-resolution video.
02:00Effective communication during space missions is as crucial as food and water, and with
02:05this new lunar 4G technology, video calls on the moon could soon become a reality.
02:12Plus, thanks to Lunar 4G, we'll be able to track how the endangered species sent to
02:18the moon are doing.
02:19Oh, sorry, I completely forgot to mention something important.
02:24As more species edge closer to extinction today, scientists are collecting samples from
02:29animals, plants, and other organisms to store in biorepositories around the globe.
02:36Unfortunately, the conditions on Earth are far from ideal for these modern-day Noah's
02:41Arks.
02:43Hence the decision to build one or two vaults on the moon makes perfect sense.
02:48On the moon, there is a permanently shadowed region at its south pole.
02:53It may seem like a fortunate coincidence, but some lunar craters may meet the criterion
02:58of temperature, negative 320 degrees Fahrenheit, which is precisely what we need for long-term
03:04self-storage.
03:05Initially, the plan was to construct the vault in lava tubes that run beneath the moon's
03:11surface, but that would have posed significant risks.
03:15This design requires a special solar-powered cooling system, and any accidental loss of
03:20power could be catastrophic, resulting in the destruction of all the samples.
03:26However, if we built it in a forever frozen shadowed area, the vault wouldn't need any
03:32energy or human maintenance.
03:34Bingo!
03:35It sounds almost too good to be true, and indeed there are several complications.
03:40For instance, dust is an omnipresent issue on the moon, infiltrating everything.
03:46If the storage requires seals, a dust mitigation system must be developed, which has not yet
03:52been created.
03:53So for now, it remains a theoretical concept rather than a practical solution.
03:5940, 50 feet, why don't you turn around and let them get a view from there and…
04:05I know you want to learn about real things, not just concepts.
04:09Here's something real for you.
04:10The moon is full of… human waste, carefully packed into bags.
04:16According to estimates, there are around 96 of these bags you'd probably prefer to never
04:21open, but you never know what exactly is hidden inside.
04:25It could be any product of the human body out there.
04:28So if we ever make it to the moon and you accidentally stumble upon a mysterious bag,
04:33my advice is to resist the urge to open it.
04:36Instead, you can hand it over to scientists.
04:39They say they're eager to get their hands on them.
04:43Humans are incredible, in a rather unfortunate way.
04:46We haven't even established a proper settlement on the moon yet, but there's already around
04:51200 tons of junk scattered about.
04:55It piles up there as if it were a teenager's room rather than a celestial body.
05:00Alongside those rather unappealing human waste bags, you'll also find cameras, drills, towels,
05:06brushes, rakes, a multitude of other technical items, and surprisingly, a falcon's feather.
05:13I'll explain that in a moment.
05:16At the end of Apollo 15's final moonwalk, David Scott pulled out a falcon's feather
05:21and a hammer to demonstrate Galileo's theory that in the absence of air resistance, different
05:27objects fall at the same rate.
05:30Amidst all that junk, there's an actual piece of art.
05:33So we could say that the moon, if it doesn't have the very first art museum, at least boasts
05:38a small exhibition.
05:40The crew of Apollo 15 took a 3.5-inch tall aluminum figure to the moon.
05:46Created by a Belgian artist, it's called the Fallen Astronaut, and it was laid on its side
05:51with a plaque listing the names of astronauts and cosmonauts who contributed to exploration.
05:57But the list of odd objects on the moon doesn't end there.
06:01If you ever find yourself in need of cash, you can find it on the moon, since a stack
06:06of $2 bills was simply forgotten there.
06:09Yep, a lot of material has been collected since 1969, when humans first stepped on the
06:14moon.
06:21Our natural satellite was first seen in a telescope in 1609.
06:25But what about its true age?
06:28To understand that, we need to start with how the moon first formed.
06:33Back in the mid-80s, a conference in Hawaii brought together a bunch of scientists to
06:37figure out where the moon came from.
06:40They came up with a pretty cool idea.
06:43The moon probably formed with the stuff that our planet Earth donated.
06:47Picture this.
06:48A Mars-sized object crashed into the early Earth, flinging molten materials into space,
06:54which eventually came together to become the moon we see today.
06:59This theory clears up a lot of mysteries.
07:01For instance, it used to baffle folks why the moon has such a small iron core.
07:07The answer is simple.
07:09It formed from Earth's outer layer, which isn't rich in iron.
07:13And that pale crust of the moon?
07:15It's just minerals that floated to the top when the molten moon cooled down.
07:20At first, the moon was super close to Earth, but it's been slowly drifting away at about
07:252 inches a year, even while you're watching this video!
07:29Figuring out when this all went down, though, is a bit tricky.
07:33The Apollo astronauts brought back a bunch of moon rocks, which helped scientists estimate
07:38their ages.
07:39The oldest ones are around 4.35 billion years old, which is about 200 million years after
07:46the solar system kicked off.
07:49So here's the thing.
07:51There's no exact date for when the moon formed, but there are several interesting theories.
07:57One idea is that the age of these rocks could mean the moon is around 4.35 billion years
08:03old.
08:04But some scientists who look at how planets form think that most of the material in the
08:08early solar system came together way before that 200 million year mark.
08:14They argue that a big impact that created the moon happening that late seems pretty
08:19unlikely, which means the moon could actually be older than 3.5 billion years.
08:26Another interesting thought is that the moon might have gone through some serious heating
08:30events as it moved away from Earth.
08:32This is similar to what happens on Io, one of Jupiter's super volcanic moons.
08:37The gravitational pull from a bigger body can stretch and compress a smaller one, generating
08:42heat, like when you squeeze a rubber ball.
08:45The rocks on both Io and the moon warm up this way.
08:50Rocks have radioactive elements that act like internal clocks, helping scientists figure
08:55out their ages.
08:56The catch is, if the moon heats up too much, it resets those clocks and only starts keeping
09:01time again once it cools down.
09:04So those rocks that are about 4.35 billion years old might not actually mark the moon's
09:09birthday.
09:10They could just indicate a time of tidal heating.
09:14This suggests, once again, that the moon had to have formed even earlier than that!
09:20That's it for today!
09:22So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your
09:26friends!
09:27Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!