Anatomical Position And Directional Terms- Anatomical Terms-  Directional Terms (1) - video Dailymotion

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Welcome to the MLT Education Point  In this video we discuss the anatomical directional terms, which is a directional language used to reference points or areas of the human body    Anatomical directional terms   what is anatomical position? Anterior and posterior ventral and dorsal superior and inferior Medial and lateral proximal and distal plantar and Palmar Superficial and deep Cephalic and Caudal flexor and extensor  ipsilateral and contralateral   #important-anatomical-terms #anatomy  #important -anatomical-terms-in-Urdu #common-anatomical-terms #anatomical-terms-for-beginners #anatomical-terms-explained-in- easy-way #medical-terms-for-beginners #different-anatomical-terms-for-beginners   If you like the video, please like, share and subscribe channel. Thank you.

Transcript

00:00Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim. Assalamu alaikum everyone. If you are new to my channel,

00:05a very warm welcome to you. Today in this video, we are going to talk about basic terminology

00:11used in anatomy. Let's begin the lecture in detail. First, we will discuss the definition

00:17of anatomy. The branch of medical science in which we study the structure of human body is

00:23called anatomy. Anatomy kya hai? Biological science or medical science ke ek aasi branch

00:28in which we study the structure of human body. In relationship, one body part to another

00:34body part. Anatomy word is basically derived from two Greek words. Ana means up and timos

00:42and tom meaning cutting. When we classify the human body in different organs or different

00:47systems or different parts, what do we say? Anatomy. Anatomy kya have explained in my previous

00:55video many details and branches. Today's topic is basic terminology used in anatomy and anatomical

01:05directional terms, anatomical position. So first, basic terminology is anterior and posterior.

01:15or ventral or ventral. Next one is superior and inferior, medial and lateral, proximal and distal,

01:25palmar and plantar, cephalic and caudal, flexor and extensor, ipsilateral and contralateral. So,

01:34we discuss all these points one by one discuss with example. First one is the anterior and ventral.

01:42Anterior is called towards the front surface of the body and towards the belly side. So, when we talk about

01:48the face and abdomen, we talk about the front surface of the body, what do we say? Anterior, in front of.

01:56this comparison, if we look at the posterior, we say the posterior.

01:58If we look at the posterior, we say the posterior, we say the posterior.

02:02towards the back surface of the body.

02:04towards the back surface of the body.

02:06and posterior

02:18and posterior

02:20towards the back surface of the body.

02:22Example, anterior means further to the front, in front of.

02:28in front of and posterior

02:30and posterior

02:32and posterior

02:34further to the back, in back of.

02:36This example,

02:38sternum is anterior to the heart.

02:40which is the breast bone,

02:42which is the breast bone which is the heart

02:44above the body.

02:46So, what is the anterior example?

02:48Anterior.

02:50The heart is posterior to the sternum.

02:52Your heart is posterior to the sternum.

02:54This is the sternum, breast bone, is present in the back side.

02:59Which is the posterior?

03:02This is the anterior.

03:04The knee cap is located on the anterior side of the leg.

03:09It is clear that the leg is present in the anterior side.

03:13Which is the anterior?

03:15The scapula, which you call shoulder blade,

03:19is located on the posterior side of the body.

03:22This is the posterior.

03:27The next term is the superior.

03:30The superior is located most in the body in relation to the other structure.

03:37The part near the head is present.

03:41The superior is cranial.

03:44The superior word refers to the upper and above.

03:49Towards the head, the structure is the superior.

03:53The superior is the upper.

03:55If we talk about inferior,

03:58the inferior is located lower in the body in relation to other structures.

04:04The inferior word refers to the lower and lower.

04:08Towards the feet, the structure is the inferior.

04:13That is the inferior.

04:14The inferior is the lower and lower.

04:15角.

04:20The lower and lower are visible to the head.

04:21we will see the arrow which you can see the above and above which you can see the arrow

04:31towards the head which is superior and the inferior which is below and lower which is

04:39towards the feet which you can see the arrow which is inferior and caudal which is the

04:47yagample kya hai superior or greater香 знач.

04:50that what is superior towards the head which is above and inferior towards the feet by lower

04:57or below its inch the heart is located superior to the small intestine

05:01means that the heart the upper half a PH dot above present is compared to above

05:10150 and what is the inferior example for example…

05:14the most physical or associated inferior to the heart which has your small intestine

05:18is inferiorly present from the heart its lower present from the bottom side

05:23which is an example of the inferior

05:26we can also use the high-level superior to the nose

05:29eyes are superior to the nose

05:32which means yours is superior to the nose

05:35nose is superior to the mouth

05:38which means your nose is superior to the nose

05:41superiorly present है, the neck is

05:43located superior to the chest

05:45या फिर इसकी example ये भी हो सकती है

05:48the forehead is superior

05:49to the nose, जो आपका forehead है

05:51वो nose से superiorly present है

05:54तो ये किसकी example हो गई?

05:55superior की, अगर हम inferior की

05:57example देखें, तो हम ये

05:59कह सकते है, mouth is inferior

06:02to the nose, जो आपका mouth है

06:03वो nose से inferiorly present है

06:05और we can say that nose is

06:07inferior to the eyes, जो आपका nose

06:09है, वो eyes से inferiorly present है

06:12तो ये किसकी example हो गई?

06:14inferior की, next term है

06:16medial

06:17medial towards the midline

06:20of the body, क्या मतलब

06:21कि अगर हम human body को two equal

06:24parts में divide करते हैं, right and left

06:26में, यानि बिल्कुल equal parts में

06:27अगर हम human body को divide करते हैं, mid में से

06:30तो वो structure जो के

06:31midline के करीब होंगे

06:33structure जो के near होंगे midline

06:35of the body के, उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

06:37medial बोलेंगे, इसके

06:39comparison, lateral क्या होता है

06:42away from the midline

06:43of the body, यहनि के वो structure

06:45जो के away from the midline present होंगे

06:48जो के midline से side पे

06:49present होंगे, उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

06:51lateral, यहनि के जो के बाहर वाली side

06:53present होंगे, और medial जो के

06:55दर्म्यान वली side पे present होंगे

06:57तो इसकी diagram देख लेते हैं

07:01इस diagram में अगर आप देखें

07:02तो ये body को two equal halves में

07:04divide किया है mid से

07:06left and right equal parts के अंदर

07:09तो यहाँ पे आपको medial

07:10क्या दिखाई दे रहा है

07:11arrow अगर आप देखें

07:12तो medial में towards the midline

07:14arrow बना हुआ है

07:15यहीं वो structure जो के midline की तरफ होंगे

07:18उसके करीब present होंगे

07:19उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे medial

07:21उसके comparison अगर आप lateral को देखें

07:24तो उसमें arrow body से side की तरफ जा रहा है

07:27away from जा रहा है

07:28तो lateral का क्या होता है

07:29away from the midline of the body

07:32इसकी example देख लेते हैं

07:35तो medial जो के towards the midline of the body है

07:38जो के towards the side of the body है

07:41इसकी example क्या है

07:42जो आपका heart है

07:43lies medial to the lung

07:45यहीं आपका जो heart है

07:46वो lungs से medially present है

07:49कि अगर आप देखें

07:50तो आपका heart है

07:51midline के बिलकुल करीब present है

07:54heart के बिलकुल

07:54lungs के बिलकुल medially present है

07:56ठीक है और अगर हम

07:58lateral की example लें

07:59तो उसमें क्या है

08:00the lungs lie lateral to the heart

08:03जो आपके lungs है

08:04वो heart के laterally present है

08:06यहीं के heart की

08:07side पे present है

08:08heart क्या अब मीडियल हो गया

08:10और जो आपके lungs है

08:12वो क्या है

08:12side पे present है

08:13तो यह किसकी example हो गई

08:14medial की and lateral की

08:17next है

08:20cranial और cephalic

08:22तो cranial कहते हैं

08:23towards the head side

08:25यहीं के वो structure

08:26जो के आपके head side पे present होंगे

08:28towards the head side होंगे

08:30cranial को

08:31rostral भी कहा जाता है

08:33और cephalic भी कहा जाता है

08:35इसके comparison अगर आप

08:37caudal को देखें

08:38तो caudal कहते हैं

08:39towards the tail end

08:40और feet of the body

08:42यहीं वो structure

08:43जो के आपके पाउं की तरफ

08:44present होंगे

08:45उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

08:46caudal

08:47इस diagram में अगर आप देखें

08:49तो cranial

08:50यहीं जो के आपके

08:51head side पे जो structure

08:52present होंगे

08:53caudal

08:54जो के आपके tail end

08:55यहीं के feet of the body

08:56पे present होंगे

08:57इसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

08:58caudal बोलेंगे

08:59next is the proximal

09:02तो proximal क्या होता है

09:04nearer to the origin

09:06or trunk

09:07यहीं close to the root of the limb

09:10यहीं प्रॉक्जिमल वो होंगे

09:12जो के

09:12root of the limb के

09:13closely present होंगे

09:15attachment जो है

09:16point है

09:17origin है

09:17उसके near present होंगे

09:19उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

09:20proximal

09:21इसके comparison

09:23distal क्या होगा

09:24away from the origin

09:25or point of attachment

09:26जो के दूर होंगे

09:28अपने origin

09:29या point of attachment से

09:30उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

09:31distal

09:32away from the root of the limb

09:34अगर आप इसकी example देखें

09:37तो

09:37यह body equally right and left

09:39equal parts में divide है

09:41तो

09:41पहले अगर हम बात करते है

09:43upper limbs की

09:44ठीक है

09:44यहीं इसके arms की बात करते है

09:46तो अगर वहां पे हम

09:47proximal और distal को

09:48समझने की कोशिश करें

09:50तो आपको पता है

09:51जो आपकी

09:52upper arm है

09:53उसकी bone को क्या बोलते है

09:54humorous

09:55तो जो आपकी humorous है

09:56वो proximal है

09:57as compared to the

09:59radius and alna

10:00जो के

10:01four arm की bones है

10:02ठीक है

10:03तो

10:03जो humorous है

10:04वो आपके shoulder के पास

10:06present है

10:06point of attachment के पास है

10:08origin के पास है

10:09तो उसको हम क्या बोलते है

10:11proximal

10:11जबके radius और alna क्या है

10:13दूर present है

10:14point of attachment से

10:15ठीक है

10:16limbs से

10:16तो उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

10:17distal

10:18again अगर आप देखे

10:27tibia and fibula

10:29जो के lower leg में

10:30present है

10:30next अगर हम देखे

10:33तो proximal क्या हो गया

10:35अगर हम इसको देखे

10:36तो proximal को हम लोग

10:37axial body के साथ

10:38जो है

10:39closer

10:39जो structure होंगे

10:40यानि

10:41closer to the axial body

10:42वो structure जो के

10:43axial body के closer होंगे

10:44axial skeleton के closer होंगे

10:46towards the trunk होंगे

10:48trunk के करीब होंगे

10:49यानि

10:50head or trunk के करीब

10:51structures होंगे

10:51उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

10:52proximal

10:53और distal के से बोलेंगे

10:55वो structure जो के

10:55axial body से

10:56दूर present होंगे

10:57further होंगे

10:58उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

10:59distal

11:00यहाँ पर again

11:01example वो ही है

11:02the thigh is proximal

11:04to the foot

11:04यहाँ आपकी

11:05thigh bone है

11:07femur है

11:07वो proximal है

11:08to the foot

11:09foot से proximal है

11:10क्योंकि वो point of attachment के

11:12pass है

11:12near to the limb है

11:14या फिर

11:15close to the root of the limb है

11:17इसके comparison अगर आप देखें

11:19the foot is distal to the thigh

11:21जो आपका foot है

11:22वो thigh से distal present है

11:24ठीक है

11:24away from the root of the limb

11:26present है

11:27next is

11:30superficial

11:31superficial किसे बोलते हैं

11:33nearer to skin

11:34और surface of the body

11:36यहनि वो structure

11:37जो के skin के

11:38करीब present होंगे

11:40या फिर surface of the body के पास होंगे

11:42उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

11:43superficial

11:44example क्या है

11:45skin is superficial to the skeleton

11:48जो आपकी skin है

11:49वो skeleton के क्या है

11:50superficial present है

11:51इसके comparison

11:53अगर आप deep को देखें

11:54तो deep किसे बोलते है

11:55away from the skin

11:57और surface of the body

11:58away और inner to the surface

12:00यहनिए deep क्या है

12:01जब हम away from the body

12:03surface जाते है

12:03यहनि more internal जाते है

12:05तो उसको हम क्या बोलते है

12:06deep

12:07इसकी example क्या होगी

12:09the lungs are deep to the rib cage

12:11जो आपके lungs है

12:12वो rib cage से

12:13deep present है

12:15इसकी example अगर आप

12:16डाइग्राम में देखें

12:17तो superficial क्या है

12:19closer to the surface of the body

12:21and deep क्या है

12:22further from the surface of the body

12:24example है

12:25the sternum is superficial to the lungs

12:28आपकी जो sternum है

12:29breast bone है

12:30यह lungs से

12:31superficially present है

12:32यहनि उसकी उपर present है

12:34ठीक है

12:34और अगर deep की example देखें

12:37the lungs are deep to the sternum

12:39तो जो sternum है

12:40उससे जो आपके lungs है

12:41वो क्या present है

12:42deep present है

12:43यहनि कि

12:44वो more internal present है

12:47next one is the palmer

12:49palmer कहते हैं

12:50towards the anterior surface of the hand

12:52यहनि आपके जो hand की

12:53जो anterior surface होती है

12:55यह जो palm वली surface होती है

12:57उसको हम क्या बोलते है

12:58palmer

12:58इस diagram में अगर आप देखें

13:01तो palmer क्या है

13:02palmer palm of the hand

13:05anterior surface of the hand

13:07आपके हार की जो हतेली वली side है

13:09palm ठीक है

13:10palmer view

13:10और अगर हम back of the palm की बात करें

13:13तो उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे

13:14dorsal

13:15next one is the planter

13:17planter कहते हैं

13:18towards the inferior surface of the foot

13:21यहनी कि आपके जो foot की जो bottom वली side है

13:24उसको हम क्या बोलते है

13:25planter

13:26इस diagram में अगर आप देखें

13:28तो जो आपके foot की

13:29like inferior surface है

13:31यहनी कि bottom of the foot है

13:32उसको हम क्या बोलते है

13:33planter और जो superior है

13:35that is dorsal surface

13:36next one is the flexor surface

13:39and extensor surface

13:42flexor और extensor surface समझाने से

13:44पहले मैं आपको इस diagram से इसको बहुत easily explain करना चाहती हूँ

13:48तो अगर आप देखें flexor को

13:50flexor surface और extensor surface

13:52upper limb की बात की जाए

13:54तो वो different है

13:55flexor surface और extensor surface अगर lower limb की बात की जाए

13:59तो वो different होगी

14:00पहले हम बात करते हैं upper limbs की

14:02यहनी कि आपके arms की

14:04कि वहाँ पे flexor surface कोन सी होगी

14:06और extensor surface कोन सी होगी

14:09तो flexor surface जो होती है

14:11front of upper limb

14:12यह जो आपको left side पे यह जो diagram दिखाए दीगे

14:16यह क्या flexor है

14:17यहनी कि front of the upper limb

14:19यहनी कि ventral या anterior side of the upper limb है

14:22ठीक है यह जो आपकी palm है वो upward है

14:25ठीक है

14:25ventral और anteriorly present है

14:28तो इसको हम क्या बोलते है flexor

14:30इसके comparison extensor कोन सी होती है

14:33back of the upper limb

14:35यहनी जो आपके upper limb की back है

14:37यहनी posterior side है

14:38आपके palm को अगर इस तरह हाथ को ऐसे रखा जाए

14:40उल्टा उसकी जो back side है

14:42posterior side इसको हम क्या बोलते है

14:44extensor surface

14:45इसके comparison अगर हम बात करें lower limbs की

14:49तो lower limbs में जो flexor surface कोन सी होती है

14:52posterior surface of the lower limb

14:54जो lower limb की posterior surface होती है

14:57यह back of the lower limb होती है

14:59वो flexor surface होती है

15:00और extensor surface कोन सी होती है

15:03front of the lower limb

15:04जो anterior surface of the lower limb होती है

15:07उसको हम क्या बोलते है

15:08extensor

15:09तो अब अगर हम इसको देखें

15:11तो flexor surface क्या है

15:12the anterior surface of upper limb

15:14and posterior surface of lower limb

15:17and extensor surface

15:19extensor is

15:22the posterior surface of the upper limb

15:25and anterior of the lower limb

15:28next term

15:30is ipsilateral

15:31ipsilateral refers to the same side

15:34of the body

15:34when we talk about the same side

15:36we talk about the same side

15:38ipsilateral

15:39for example right arm and right leg

15:42same side

15:43what we talk about is ipsilateral

15:46is the comparison contralateral

15:48refers to the opposite side

15:50of the body

15:51for example

15:52if we talk about right arm and left leg

15:54that is contralateral

15:57if you look at the same side

16:02of the body

16:03if we talk about left leg

16:04left arm

16:06this is what is ipsilateral

16:07is the comparison contralateral

16:09refers to the opposite side

16:11of the body

16:12right arm

16:13if we talk about left leg

16:15we talk about the same side

16:17if we talk about the entire topic

16:20which we have read

16:20anatomical directional terms

16:22terms पढ़ी तो अगर हम उसको उसकी समरी ले तो आज हम लोगों ने क्या पढ़ा तो पहले तो अगर आप देखें तो

16:28body को right and left equally divide किया गया है जिसे हम क्या बोलते हैं एक midline है ठीक है तो

16:35जो structures midline के पास present होते हैं उसको हम क्या बोलते हैं medial अब अगर आप देखें तो arrow

16:41यहां पर dots बाहर की तरफ जा रहें यह नहीं वह structure जो के midline से दूर present है अवे प्रेसेंट है उसको हम क्या बोलते हैं lateral नेक्स्ट है proximal और इस डाइग्राम को देखें तो

17:07यहां पर आपको सबसे पहले जो red आपको box में दिखाई दे रहा है anterior और ventral and posterior और dorsal

17:13anterior क्या होता है towards the front surface of the body and posterior क्या होता है towards the back surface of the body

17:21इस तरह inferior क्या है towards the feet जो structures हैं superior towards the head जो होगा cranial भी जो के head side पे जो होगा

17:28और cordal जो के feet वाली side पे जो structures होंगे उसको हम क्या बोलेंगे cordal तो यह जो structures हैं इनको हम क्या बोलते हैं anatomical directional terms

17:41in relation to the trunk जो हम लोगों ने आज गी basic terminologies देखी इसमें हम लोगों ने ventral देखा posterior देखा

17:49cranial, cordal, superior, inferior, proximal, distal अगर आपको इसमें कोई भी problem है तो आप comment में मुझसे पूछ सकते हैं

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Anatomical Position And Directional Terms- Anatomical Terms- Directional Terms (1)

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