Sa matagal na panahon, lalaki lang ang nakaboboto sa Pilipinas — hanggang makibaka at mangampanya ang kababaihan. Alamin kung paano unang nakaboto sa halalan ang mga babae.
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00:00Hello, Podmates! I'm Howie Severino and welcome to our new podcast series,
00:04mga kwento ng kasaysayan na may koneksyon pa rin sa kasulukuyan.
00:09Enjoy listening!
00:11Sa mahabang panahon ng kasaysayan, hindi nakakaboto ang mga babae sa Pilipinas.
00:18Pagkatapos ng ilang dekadang pakikibaka at pagdedebate na palalunan sa wakas ng mga Pilipina,
00:25ang karapatang bumoto noong taong 1937.
00:28Ito ang kwento ng kanilang laban.
00:58Because for one thing, the politicians who are all male did it once.
01:03We don't have to stain women's honors with politics. Politics is dirty, it's all and so forth.
01:08It's like them admitting that they are dirty because of the politics.
01:11That let us keep all of our women clean and white and unstained.
01:17Isa sa mga nakausap namin ay ang historiador at profesor na si Doty Jose ng UP Manila.
01:30So, kayo ay isang researcher at profesor ng women's history din, women's studies.
01:38Kamusta po yung kalagayan ng mga babae noong 19th century sa atin?
01:44Bago tayo dumako doon sa suffrage movement.
01:47Ano muna yung kalagayan ng mga kababaihan noon?
01:49Okay, so 19th century, ang kababaihan ay may mga konting pagbabago sa pagtrato sa kanila sa lipunan compared doon sa mga naunang siglo like yung 16th to 18th centuries.
02:07Kasi 19th century, magkakaroon ng developments, historical developments like yung pag-usbong ng middle class na bunga naman ng pagbubukas ng Pilipinas sa pandaigdigang kalakalan.
02:20So, magkakaroon ng mga pamilyang Pilipino na aangat ng konti sa buhay at mabibigyan nila ng pagkakataon ang mga anak nila na makapag-aral.
02:32So, dito ngayon sa ikalabing siyam na siglo, 19th century Philippines, lilitaw yung mga tinatawag natin ilustrado at kilala natin si Jose Rizal at iba pa bilang mga halimbawa ng ilustrado.
02:49Ngayon, 19th century, magkakaroon din ng pagkakataon yung ilang mga kababaihan na makapag-aral.
02:55Kasi makakapagtayo ng mga eskwelahan, mga kolehyo at mga biyateryo na pambabae.
03:02Kung saan makakapasok yung mga babae mula sa mayayamang pamilya.
03:09So, in a way, magkakaroon ng educational opportunities ang women, Filipino women, noong 19th century, pero mula lamang dun sa mga mayayamang pamilya.
03:20And kung ikaw-compare yung curriculum dito sa mga paaralang pambabae, sa mga paaralang panlalaki, iba yung thrust.
03:29Like, yung mga lalaki, pag-aaralan nila yung history, yung law, science, pero yung mga babae, yung focus ng kanilang curriculum ay religion, home economics, at saka music.
03:43So, iba yung napag-aaralan nila.
03:46So, religion, of course, kasi sila yung inaasahan na magtuturo ng religious teachings sa kanilang mga magiging anak.
03:54Home economics, kasi sila yung inaasahan na mamahala sa kabahayan, no?
03:58Lalo na pag nag-asawa sila.
03:59And music, kasi inaasahan lalo na sa mayayamang pamilya, na kapag merong bisita, mag-i-entertain mga babae.
04:06So, either kailangan na mag-play ng musical instrument or kumanta.
04:10So, sa ganong mga subjects, kumbaga, umiinog yung kanilang curriculum.
04:19Kaya nga, napakaganda ng ginawa nung 20 Women of Malolos, no?
04:23Na nagpilit sila na magtayo ng paraalang pambabae, no 1888, kahit labag dun sa kagustuhan ng praile, no?
04:30Dahil sa tingin nila, napakalimited nung natututunan nila dun sa eskwelahan.
04:37So, gusto nila lang matuto na huwi kang Espanyol na pinagkakait sa kanila noong mga panahon na yun.
04:42Kung noong 19th century, nagsisimula pa lang na magkaroon ng partisiprasyon ang mga kababaihan sa lipunan.
04:49Malayo raw ito sa kalagayan ng mga kababaihan bago dumating ang mga Espanyol.
04:54So, noong 19th century, mas maraming ang babae ang nakakapag-aral na.
04:59Dahil nga, umuusbong din yung ekonomiya, dumadami rin yung mga mayamang Pilipino.
05:05So, pero even before the 19th century, even before colonialism, no?
05:11Totoo ba na mataas na yung tingin ng karaniwang lalaki at karaniwang tao doon sa kababaihan?
05:18Medyo mataas na rin yung estado ng mga kababaihan sa ating kultura.
05:21Okay, so sa pre-colonial period, masasabi natin na mayroong egalitarian status ang women and men.
05:31Hindi natin masasabi na mas mataas yung kababaihan, pero ang masasabi natin batay sa historical sources,
05:36may parehong pagpapahalaga sa kababaihan at kalalakihan.
05:40So, for example, sa mga myth na nagpapaliwanag kung saan o kanino nang galing ang lahing Pilipino,
05:47di ba, ay pinapakita yung pantay na pagtingin sa babae at lalaki.
05:51For example, doon sa myth ng mga bisaya na sikalak at sikabay,
05:55kung saan mula sa nabiyak na kawayan na lumabas ang unang lalaki si sikalak,
05:59tapos yung unang babae si sikabay.
06:01Nagpapakita ito ng gender equality eh.
06:04Lalo lang kayo kukumpara natin sa ibang creation myth na yung unang nililikha yung lalaki,
06:09and then parang nagiging afterthought lang ng Diyos ang babae.
06:12So, sa lipunan, may mga karapatan at pribilehyong na-enjoy ang Filipino women during the pre-colonial period.
06:23Meron silang kalayaan sa pagpili ng mga papangasawa,
06:27may kalayaan sila sa diborcha o sa pagigipaghiwalay.
06:30Meron?
06:31Yes. Pwede silang makipaghiwalay at pwede silang mag-asawa muli.
06:35So, nasa batas ba yun or tradition lang?
06:39Tradisyon nila yun. Iginagalang nila yung tradisyon na yun, yung kalayaan.
06:43Of course, may grounds para makapaghiwalay.
06:46Like, halimbawa, infidelity or hindi pagganap sa tungkulin bilang asawa,
06:51or even hindi pagkakaroon ng anak ay pwede maging ground for divorce.
06:56At hinahayaan or pinapahintulutan silang makapag-asawa muli.
06:59So, in general, masasabi talaga natin na may parehong pagpapahalaga sa kalalakihan at kababaihan.
07:06Sa panahon, bago tayo sinakop ng mga Espanyol.
07:10Tapos, ano nangyari?
07:11Kasi hanggang ngayon, wala pa rin tayong diborsyo.
07:13So, noon pala, bago dumating ang mga Kastila, may ganong karapatan ng mga kababaihan,
07:18lalo na pag inaabuso, etc.
07:21Pwedeng kumalas na doon sa asawa.
07:25Kailan binawi yung ganong karapatan?
07:28Actually, yung mga karapatan na ito, mga kalayaan, ay karamihan dito nawala during the Spanish colonial period.
07:35Dahil na rin ito sa ilang mga kadahilanan.
07:38For example, napakalaki ng papel na ginampanan ng simbahang katoliko
07:41doon sa paghubog ng morality and sexuality, lalong-lalo na ng kababaihan.
07:48Maraming limitations yung ipinataw sa kanila.
07:51And of course, malaki din yung papel na ginampanan ng pamahalaang kolonyal
07:56dahil sa mga batas na ipinatupad na karamihan ay anti-women.
08:03At in general, yung acculturation or yung pagpapalaganap ng kulturang Espanyol
08:09na basically patriarchal.
08:11So, nahubog na rin yung lipunang Pilipino doon sa patriarchal na moda
08:16na nanggaling sa Europa, nanggaling sa Espanya.
08:19Sa politika naman, okay, bago dumating mga Kastila,
08:24ano ba, may nakakaroon ba ng political role ang kababaihan
08:28sa ating mga traditional indigenous societies?
08:31Sa mga katutubong lipunan, ay sinasabi na mayroong,
08:36may mga pagkakataon nun ang kababaihan ay makapangyarihan sa lipunan.
08:42Well, at is ito yung mga grupong etnikon na hindi talaga agad nasakop ng mga Espanyol.
08:50Pero para doon sa mga nasakop ng mga Espanyol, talaga nawalan ng pagkakataon na makapamuno sa politika ang kababaihan.
08:59Kasi even before nun ang pagsakop ng mga Espanyol, ang political powers na sa lalaki,
09:06yung pagiging datu, o pagiging hari, o lakan, o pagiging raha, even yung pagiging sultan.
09:12Pero, equally important, yung religion na domain naman ng babae.
09:17So, kung baga, magkapantay yung politics and yung religion.
09:20Politics sa lalaki, religion sa babae.
09:25So, bilang mga babaylan, sila naman ngayon yung namumuno sa reliyon, namamahala sa mga ritual.
09:31Sila yung manggagamot, sila yung namamagitan sa tao at sa mga namatay na kamaganak, sa mga tao at saka sa mga Diyos.
09:37Pero, ang maganda doon sa ating pre-colonial society,
09:41hindi naman pinagbabawal ang babae na mamuno sa politika.
09:45In the same way, na hindi pinagbabawal sa lalaki na mamuno sa reliyon.
09:49May instances, na may mga babae na hinayaan na mamuno sa politika.
09:55Like, yung nakasaad doon sa Laguna Copperplate inscription,
09:59na merong isang babae na datu sa Laguna.
10:03Nakasulat doon sa Copperplate?
10:04Yan, nagkaroon siya ng pagkakautang doon sa hari ng tondo.
10:07So, may babae na namuno.
10:10So, yung may familiar ko doon sa Laguna Copperplate,
10:12kasi hindi ko alam na babae pala yung tinutukoy doon.
10:15Merong isang, ano doon na, nababae.
10:17So, it was a condonation of a death, right?
10:19Yung Copperplate.
10:20Pero yung may utang, isang datu pala na babae.
10:24And then, sa religion naman, although,
10:27predominantly women, yung namumuno,
10:29during the pre-colonial period,
10:31may mga lalaking babaylan.
10:34May mga lalaking na pinapayagan na maging babaylan,
10:36pero iba tawag sa kanila.
10:37Tinutawag sila either bayog or asog.
10:40At ayon sa accounts ni Francisco Alsina,
10:43sila ay nagdadamit babae.
10:45Parang binabae.
10:47Oo, nagkikilos babae, nagbobosis babae,
10:49at nag-aasawa sila ng kapwa lalaki.
10:52That's really ahead of their time.
10:54Yes, very ahead.
10:54Or maybe not ahead of their time.
10:56That was their time.
10:57That was the prevailing tradition.
11:00Of course, lahat ng ito ay nagbago
11:03nung sinakop tayo ng mga Espanyol
11:04at inimpose yung Catholicism.
11:05Kasi against yun, karamihan.
11:07Naging sinful yun ganun.
11:08Pero dati, tangga ng lipunan.
11:12Na parang normal yun.
11:14At walang discrimination.
11:17Respected pa nga sila sa society
11:18bilang mga bayog or asog.
11:22Mga religious leaders sila.
11:23Sa pag-alis ng mga Espanyol
11:25at pagdating ng mga Amerikano,
11:27panibagong impluensya at sistema
11:30ang dumating sa bansa
11:31na naging daan
11:32para magkaroon ng pakikilahok
11:34ang mga kababaihan sa politika.
11:37Ayon kay History Professor Victores.
11:40Women's suffrage,
11:42matagad palang hindi makaboto
11:45ang mga Pilipina.
11:47So,
11:48how long had this
11:51clamor for
11:53women's right to vote
11:55existed
11:57before it actually happened?
12:00Actually,
12:01we can actually say
12:03that the actual clamor
12:04began
12:04when we started
12:06reading
12:08or seeing
12:09or realizing
12:10that
12:11women have a right.
12:14This was, of course,
12:15an influence from the Americans
12:17because
12:17much of the women's movement
12:20that began in the United States.
12:23We
12:23became a colony.
12:25When we became a colony,
12:26we started reading
12:27about it,
12:29learning about it.
12:30And, of course,
12:31we have
12:31Filipinas
12:33of the elite
12:34traveling there
12:35learning about it.
12:37So,
12:37you have
12:38many of them
12:39start inculcating
12:40the idea.
12:42If they can do it
12:43in America,
12:44why can't we?
12:45Why can't we do it?
12:45So,
12:46there was
12:47always,
12:47has always been
12:48a clamor
12:49for women's rights
12:50to vote
12:51because
12:52until there was
12:54a big sudden shift
12:55in the idea
12:57of education,
12:59almost everything
13:00was male.
13:01Male education,
13:02male politics,
13:03even male religion,
13:05so and so forth.
13:06The advantage
13:07or the idea
13:08came
13:09that there might
13:10be a shift
13:11in the arrival
13:11of women's
13:12suffrage
13:12was when
13:13the
13:13Tidings-McDuffie Law
13:15was passed
13:16in 1934
13:18and the
13:19Constitutional Convention
13:21was called
13:21for the creation
13:22of the 1935 Constitution
13:23that would lead
13:25to the creation
13:25of a commonwealth
13:26government.
13:27The convention
13:28was already
13:28on-on-on.
13:30There were
13:31provisions
13:31already being
13:32discussed,
13:34proposed,
13:35debated on.
13:37Then,
13:38I don't have
13:38the actual date
13:39but
13:39Vincent Slau-Vinçons,
13:41who was one
13:41of the young
13:41delegates
13:43at the time,
13:44was the youngest
13:44delegate
13:45at the time,
13:47proposed the idea
13:48that women
13:49should have
13:50the right
13:50to vote.
13:51Excuse me,
13:52Vincent's Hall
13:52at UP Diliman
13:53was named
13:54after him.
13:54Yeah.
13:55Okay.
13:56So,
13:57he had
13:59the provision
14:00Floyd now,
14:01it came out
14:02of a debate
14:03and
14:04based on
14:05the records
14:05of the
14:06Constitutional Convention
14:07it was one
14:08of the longest
14:08debates
14:09that they had
14:10because
14:11for one thing,
14:12the politicians
14:13were all male
14:14did at once
14:15and we don't
14:15have to stay
14:16in women's honors
14:17with politics.
14:18Politics is dirty,
14:19it's all and so forth.
14:21And
14:21it's like
14:22them admitting
14:23that they are dirty
14:24because of the politics
14:25that let us
14:27keep all of our women
14:29clean and white
14:31and unstained
14:31and the accusations
14:33went back and forth,
14:34back and forth
14:35until it finally
14:36reached a deadlock.
14:37Okay?
14:37So,
14:38the provisions
14:38could not be passed.
14:40Bago si Wenceslao Vincons
14:42at bago pa na itatag
14:43ang Commonwealth Government
14:45sa Pilipinas,
14:461898 pa lang,
14:48may nagsusulong
14:49na sa karapatan
14:50ng mga kababaihan
14:51para bumoto
14:51at ito
14:53si Gat Apolinario Mabini
14:55ayon kay Professor
14:56Doty Jose.
14:58May iba-iba kasi
14:59na pagtingin
15:00kung kailan
15:01talaga nagsimula
15:01yung women's suffrage
15:02movement
15:03sa Pilipinas.
15:04Like for example,
15:06para kay
15:06Encarnational Zona,
15:08tinitrace niya
15:09yung start
15:09ng women's suffrage
15:10movement
15:10sa malolos
15:12konstitusyon
15:12ni Apolinario Mabini
15:13kung saan
15:14may provision nga
15:15para sa pag-aallow
15:16sa kababaihan
15:17na bumoto
15:18at maihalal
15:19sa posisyon
15:20as early as
15:211898
15:21ay
15:22meron ng
15:24ganito
15:24konstitusyon.
15:25Unfortunately,
15:26ay hindi
15:27na-aprubahan
15:28yung malolos
15:29konstitusyon
15:29ni Apolinario Mabini
15:30dahil sa
15:31hidwaan.
15:32So si Mabini
15:33pala yung
15:34isa sa pinakaunang
15:36advocates
15:37ng women's
15:38right to vote.
15:39Bakit?
15:40Bakit si Mabini?
15:41I think si Mabini
15:43ay mayroong
15:44liberal
15:45sa panahon
15:47na yun
15:47ay
15:47tuturing natin
15:49na
15:49advance
15:50doon
15:51sa pangkalahatang
15:52pagdingin
15:53sa kababaihan
15:54na pinapahayag
15:56lamang nito
15:56o pinapatunayan
15:57lamang nito
15:57na may
15:58tiwala
15:59si Mabini
16:00sa kakayahan
16:00ng kababaihan
16:01kung kaya't
16:02naisip niya
16:02na ilagay
16:03na provision
16:04sa malolos
16:05konstitusyon
16:05o yung
16:06women's suffrage.
16:08At bakit
16:08hindi naman
16:09na-approve yun?
16:10Hindi ito
16:11yung na-approbahan
16:12kasi kailangan
16:12ma-approbahan
16:13ng malolos
16:13kongres
16:14yung
16:14yung
16:15konstitusyon
16:16bago ito
16:17Ibig sabihin
16:17maraming kumontra?
16:18Yes,
16:19maraming kumontra.
16:20Ano naman yung
16:21argument against it?
16:23Mabini,
16:24medyo
16:24respetadong tao siya
16:25noon,
16:26malapit kay Aguinaldo,
16:28etc.
16:29So,
16:30bakit hindi siya
16:31pinakinggan?
16:32Well,
16:34binigay nila
16:34binigay ng mga
16:36membro
16:37ng malolos
16:37kongres
16:38kay Apolinario
16:39Mabini
16:39yung
16:40pagkakataon
16:41na mag-draft
16:41ng konstitusyon
16:42although
16:43noong
16:44pinasyon na ito
16:45hindi nga nila
16:46inaprobahan
16:47kasi meron silang iba
16:48na gustong
16:49magsulat o
16:51konstitusyon talaga.
16:51At yung
16:54konstitusyon na
16:56naaprobahan
16:57ay yung sinulat
16:58ni Felipe Calderon.
17:00Lalaki lang daw
17:01ang maaring
17:02bumoto noon
17:03pero
17:04hindi rin lahat.
17:06So,
17:06how did they
17:07define
17:07voters
17:09in the
17:09constitution
17:10who gets
17:12to vote?
17:13I mean,
17:13my provision
17:13doon about
17:14voting,
17:15sinasabi lang
17:16nila na
17:16lalaki lang
17:17ang pwedeng
17:17bumoto
17:18na mean,
17:18ganong kadiretsyo.
17:19The first national elections
17:21ay naisagawa
17:251907
17:25for the
17:26Philippine Assembly.
17:28So,
17:28American period na yun.
17:29Pero nakalagay doon
17:30na
17:31at least 21 years old
17:32dapat yung
17:33kalalakihan,
17:34malinaw,
17:35and then merong
17:36property and
17:37literacy requirements.
17:40Like,
17:40kung di ako
17:40nagkakamali,
17:41dapat at least
17:42merong property
17:43na hindi bababa
17:44ng 500 pesos
17:45yung lalaki
17:46na baboto
17:47at dapat
17:47marunong siya
17:49ng English
17:50or Spanish
17:52or any
17:52native language,
17:53marunong siya
17:53magbasa
17:54at magsulat.
17:54So,
17:54merong literacy
17:55requirement.
17:56Pero talagang
17:57explicitly
17:59ay nakalagay
18:01na lalaki
18:02lamang
18:02yung pwedeng
18:03bumoto.
18:04The elections
18:05of that time,
18:06in the Spanish
18:07times,
18:07was controlled
18:08by two factors,
18:09the government
18:09and the church.
18:11Remember,
18:11the church
18:11was very,
18:12let me call
18:15misogynist
18:16with regards
18:16to certain
18:17things
18:18of the female
18:19and education
18:21pa lang eh.
18:22The education
18:23in the church
18:24controlled schools
18:27were all male.
18:28Even in the public
18:29schools,
18:29they were all male.
18:30It took a while
18:31before some
18:33of the schools
18:34had females
18:35for its students.
18:38In fact,
18:38it was
18:39UP had its
18:40first women
18:41students only
18:42when it opened
18:44in 1908.
18:46But otherwise,
18:48the Philippines
18:49at that time,
18:50until probably
18:51the early
18:5120th century,
18:53was
18:53male-dominated
18:55in all certain
18:56aspects of
18:57social life.
18:59Unti-unting
19:00nagbago ang panahon
19:01at pagdating
19:03ng taong
19:031901,
19:05nagsimula
19:05ng magtatag
19:06ng mga eskwelahan
19:07para sa mga
19:08kababaihan.
19:09The turn of
19:11the 20th century,
19:13masasabi natin
19:14na ito yung
19:15panahon ng transition
19:17mula sa kababaihan
19:19na nanggaling
19:20dun sa
19:20panahon kolonyal
19:22hanggang sa
19:22pagsisimula
19:24ng panahon
19:25ng Amerikano.
19:26Kasi
19:26compared sa mga
19:28Espanyol,
19:29yung Americans,
19:30mas pinalawak nila
19:31yung educational
19:32opportunities
19:33at nakinabang
19:35dito ang kababaihan.
19:36Kasi Act 74
19:38of 1901,
19:39pinatupad agad
19:40ng mga Amerikano
19:41ang pagpapatayohan
19:42ng mga paaralan
19:43na pang babae
19:44at lalaki
19:44at libre.
19:46So,
19:46naging malawakan
19:47talaga
19:48yung pagkakataon
19:50na pang-education.
19:51Segregated yung
19:51public schools noon?
19:53No,
19:53magkasama na sila.
19:54Co-ed na sila?
19:55Co-ed na sila.
19:56Before ba?
19:57Hindi?
19:57Hindi,
19:58bawal noon.
19:58So,
19:58the Americans
19:59introduced
20:00co-education.
20:01Okay.
20:02And,
20:03nagkaroon din
20:03ng pagkakataon
20:04ang mga Pilipino
20:06o ilang mga Pilipino
20:07at Pilipina
20:08na makapagtayo
20:08ng mga paaralan.
20:10So,
20:11during the early decades
20:12of the American period,
20:14talagang
20:15dun na itayo
20:17yung mga
20:18universities,
20:19colleges
20:19na hanggang ngayon
20:20ay nag-exist sa
20:21Philippines.
20:22Like,
20:221901,
20:25I think,
20:25or 1900 pa nga,
20:26yung Instituto de Mujeres
20:27na itinayo
20:28ni Rosa Sevilla Alvero.
20:30And then,
20:31Saan yun?
20:33Maynila?
20:34Yes,
20:34Maynila,
20:35sa Manila.
20:36And then,
20:37meron pa yung
20:38Philippine Women's College
20:40na naging
20:41Philippine Women's University.
20:43Tinayon ni
20:43Francisca Benitez,
20:45Ramona Tirona,
20:46Jose Abad Santos.
20:48Ayan.
20:48Okay.
20:49And then,
20:49yung Centro Escolar de Senoritas
20:51na pinatayo
20:52ni Librada Avelino.
20:53So,
20:54during that time,
20:55mga unang dekada
20:55ng 20th century,
20:57talagang,
20:58parang,
20:58ito yung mga
20:59schools,
21:01no,
21:01na pinapamahalaan
21:02ng mga Pilipino
21:03at ng mga Pilipina.
21:05So,
21:05dito sa mga paaralan na ito,
21:07no,
21:07nakapasok,
21:08no,
21:08yung ating mga kababaihan,
21:09no,
21:10na,
21:11ah,
21:12yung iba pa nga sa kanila
21:13ay nakinabang doon
21:14sa pensionado system
21:15na inintroduce
21:15ng mga Amerikano.
21:17Ah,
21:17kung saan
21:18nagbigay sila
21:19ng scholarship,
21:20no,
21:20sa mga
21:20pinakamahuhusay,
21:22no,
21:22sa kanilang fields.
21:24Pinadala sila sa US.
21:25So,
21:25may mga babae
21:26kasama doon?
21:27May mga pensyonado
21:28na babae.
21:28Pero kakunti lang.
21:29Hmm,
21:30kunti lang.
21:31Like,
21:31for example,
21:32si Honoria Acosta Sison,
21:33no,
21:34na siyang unang
21:34babaeng doktor,
21:36no,
21:36sa Pilipinas.
21:37Graduate siya ng
21:38Women's Medical College
21:40of Pennsylvania,
21:411909.
21:43Ah,
21:43isa pa,
21:44si Encarnacion Alzona nga,
21:45no,
21:45na may dalawang MA
21:48sa history.
21:48Yung isang MA niya
21:49sa history ay
21:50nakuha niya
21:51mula sa Radcliffe College
21:53ng Harvard University.
21:54Tapos,
21:55nagkaroon siya ng PhD
21:56sa Columbia University.
21:58And then,
21:59of course,
21:59si Josepa.
21:59Tumuhi yung mga yan
22:00sa Pilipinas?
22:01Yes.
22:01At nagturo dito?
22:03At nagkampanya
22:03for suffrage.
22:04Okay.
22:05Yes.
22:05And then,
22:06si Josepa Llanes Escoda,
22:07no,
22:07na kilala natin
22:08na founder
22:08ng Girl Scouts
22:09of the Philippines
22:10ay nag-specialize
22:12naman sa social work
22:13sa New York.
22:14Karamihan dito
22:14sa mga babaeng ito
22:15na produkto
22:17ng educational system
22:19na itinayo
22:20ng American period
22:21and then yung iba
22:22ay nakinabang
22:23doon sa pensionado system.
22:24Sila ngayon
22:25yung magtatatag
22:26ng mga unang
22:28asosasyong feminista
22:29at sila ngayon
22:30yung magkakampaign
22:31para sa karapatan
22:32sa pagboto
22:32ng kababaihan.
22:33Isa-isang umusbong
22:35ang mga grupong
22:36feminista
22:37o mga nagsusulong
22:38ng mga reporma
22:39para sa karapatan
22:41ng mga kababaihan.
22:43Kabila nga
22:43ang karapatang bumoto.
22:46Okay.
22:47So,
22:48walk us through
22:49this timeline
22:50up to
22:51the time that
22:53women got the right to vote.
22:56Ano yung major
22:56milestones d'yan?
22:58Okay.
22:59So, siguro
22:59pwede nating
23:00simulan doon
23:01sa pagkakatatag
23:02ng kauna-unahang
23:03feminist association
23:051905.
23:09Itinatag yung
23:09asosasyon
23:10feminista
23:11Filipina
23:11ni Concepcion
23:12Felix.
23:13Ang mga layuni
23:14nito ay
23:14reforms
23:15for women.
23:17Reforma
23:17para sa kababaihan
23:18na nasa
23:19larangan ng edukasyon,
23:21larangan ng bilangguan,
23:25and then
23:25meron siyang
23:26mga
23:26provision
23:27for
23:28pagtatayo
23:29ng recreational
23:30facilities
23:30for women,
23:32campaign
23:32against
23:33vices,
23:33and then
23:34religious
23:35and moral
23:35reform.
23:36So,
23:36no mention
23:37pa ng
23:38women's
23:38suffrage
23:39doon sa
23:391905.
23:40Reforms lang.
23:40Asosasyon
23:40feminista
23:41Filipina
23:41ni Concepcion
23:42Felix.
23:43Pagdating
23:43na 1906,
23:44dito ngayon
23:45itatatag
23:45ni Pura
23:46Villanueva
23:47Calao,
23:48ang
23:48Asosasyon
23:49Feminista
23:49Ilongga.
23:50So,
23:51ito ngayon
23:51yung unang
23:52feminist
23:52association
23:53na
23:54magkakaroon
23:55ng women's
23:55suffrage
23:56sa agenda
23:56nito.
23:57At sa
23:58Iloilo
23:58ito?
23:58Yes,
23:59sa Iloilo.
23:59Yung
24:00Asosasyon
24:00Feminista
24:01Filipina
24:01sa Manila
24:02siya
24:02itinayo.
24:03And then
24:04doon sa
24:06akda
24:06ni Pura
24:07Villanueva
24:07Calao
24:08na how
24:08the
24:08Filipina
24:09got the
24:09vote.
24:09Sinabi
24:10niya
24:10na
24:101907,
24:121906
24:13niya
24:13tinatag
24:13yung
24:13Asosasyon
24:14Feminista
24:14Filipina.
24:15Pagdating
24:15na 1907,
24:17doon sa
24:17first session
24:18ng
24:18Philippine
24:18Assembly,
24:20meron
24:20ng
24:21kongresistan
24:23na nag-propose
24:24ng women's
24:24suffrage
24:25bill.
24:25I mean,
24:26nandun siya
24:27para suportahan
24:27yung kongresista
24:29na mag-represent
24:30dapat
24:30ng women's
24:31suffrage.
24:32Ngayon,
24:33pagdating
24:33ng 1912,
24:34nagkaroon
24:35ng opportunity
24:36ng ating
24:37mga
24:37suffragists
24:38na makasalamuha
24:39kasi dumalaw
24:40dito si
24:41Chapman?
24:43Chapman,
24:43Carrie Chapman
24:44Kat,
24:45isang
24:45Amerikanang
24:46nangunguna
24:47sa suffrage
24:47movement
24:48sa US.
24:49Nagkasama niya
24:50ang Dutch
24:50na si
24:51Aletta
24:51Jacobs.
24:52At
24:52nakipagpulong
24:53sila,
24:54nakipag-meeting
24:54sila
24:54dun sa
24:55mga
24:55suffragists.
24:56Sa Manila
24:57Hotel pa
24:57nga sila
24:57nag-meet
24:58para
24:59hikayatin,
25:00encourage
25:00yung
25:01ating
25:01mga
25:01suprahista
25:02na
25:02isulong
25:02yung
25:03campaign
25:04for
25:04women's
25:05suffrage.
25:06Ang
25:06naging
25:07resulta
25:07ng
25:08pagdalaw
25:08na ito,
25:09ng dalawang
25:10suprahista
25:10mula
25:10sa ibang
25:11bansa,
25:12ay
25:12ang
25:12pagkabuo
25:13ng
25:13Society
25:14for the
25:14Advancement
25:15of
25:15Women.
25:16Ito
25:16yung
25:16late
25:171912,
25:18so later
25:18on
25:19naging
25:19Women's
25:20Club
25:20of
25:20Manila
25:21and
25:21then
25:21Naging
25:21Manila
25:22Women's
25:22Club.
25:29And then
25:30after
25:31noon,
25:31naantala
25:33yung
25:33pag-campaign
25:34for
25:34women's
25:34suffrage
25:35dahil
25:35sa
25:35pag-siklab
25:36na
25:36unang
25:36ding
25:36maang
25:36panda
25:37igdig.
25:37Pagamat
25:38hindi
25:38naman
25:38talaga
25:38direct
25:39ang
25:40kasangkot
25:40ang
25:40Pilipinas
25:41dito,
25:42napagpasyahan
25:42ng
25:42mga
25:43suprahista
25:43natin
25:44na
25:44ilaan
25:45yung
25:45kanilang
25:46oras
25:47para
25:47ibigay
25:48yung
25:48suporto
25:49sa
25:49US.
25:50So
25:50yung
25:50ating
25:51mga
25:51suprahista
25:52nung
25:52time
25:53na
25:53yun,
25:53naging
25:54aktibo
25:54sila
25:55at
25:55abala
25:55sila
25:56sa
25:56food
25:56production
25:57campaign,
25:57liberty
25:58bonds,
25:59bilang
26:00suporta
26:01sa
26:01US.
26:02At
26:02sa
26:03tingin
26:03ko,
26:04ito
26:04ay
26:04isang
26:04taktika
26:05para
26:06mas
26:07mailabi
26:07nila
26:07yung
26:08kanilang
26:08ipinaglalaban.
26:09Kasi
26:09sa
26:10pamamagitan
26:10nito,
26:11napatunayan
26:11nila
26:11na
26:12sa
26:12pangapanahon
26:12ng
26:12krisis,
26:14nandyan
26:14sila.
26:15At
26:15kaya
26:15nilang
26:16kumilos,
26:17tumulong
26:18sa
26:18mga
26:18nangangailangan.
26:19Kaya
26:19nilang
26:20patunayan
26:21yung
26:21skills,
26:22yung
26:22kanilang
26:22talent,
26:23yung
26:23kanilang
26:23oras
26:24inilaan
26:24nila
26:24para
26:25dito.
26:26And
26:26naging
26:26active
26:27din sila
26:27during
26:27that
26:28time
26:28sa
26:29pag
26:30aasikaso
26:31sa
26:31pampublikong
26:32kalusugan,
26:32public
26:33health.
26:34Kasi
26:34active
26:35sila
26:35dun
26:35sa
26:36mga
26:36proyekto
26:37like
26:38yung
26:38proyekto
26:39ng
26:39Anti-Tuberculosis
26:40Society
26:40and
26:41then
26:41yung
26:42mga
26:42proyekto
26:43para
26:44sa pagpapababa
26:45ng
26:45infant
26:45mortality
26:46rate.
26:47So
26:47talagang
26:47wala silang
26:48inaksayang
26:48oras.
26:49Parang
26:49o,
26:49tigil
26:49muna
26:50tayo
26:50sa
26:50campaign
26:51for
26:51suffrage
26:51pero
26:52ayusin
26:53natin
26:53yung
26:53aspeto
26:55ng
26:56society.
26:57And
26:57then
26:58right
26:58after
26:58World
26:59War
26:59I,
27:001918
27:01nagpulong
27:02agad
27:02yung
27:02mga
27:02babae.
27:03Dun
27:04sa
27:04kulong
27:04na
27:04yun
27:04nagkaroon
27:05sila
27:05na
27:05isang
27:06resolution
27:06na
27:071918
27:07din
27:08ipinresente
27:09Pura
27:09Villanueva
27:09Calao
27:10sa
27:10Congress.
27:11And
27:11during
27:12that
27:12time
27:12meron
27:13daw
27:13isang
27:13kongresista
27:14na
27:15nagsabi
27:16na
27:17masyado
27:18sila
27:18ambisyosa
27:19pero
27:20konti
27:20lang
27:20naman
27:20yung
27:21nalalaman
27:21nila.
27:22So
27:22talagang
27:22makikita
27:23mo
27:23yung
27:23negative
27:23na
27:26reaction
27:26mula
27:27sa
27:27mga
27:27mabatas
27:28na
27:29karamihan
27:29ay
27:30hindi
27:30naniniwala
27:31talaga
27:31na
27:32kailangan
27:33o
27:33dapat
27:33na
27:33mabigyan
27:34ng
27:34karapatan
27:34sa
27:34pagboto
27:35ang
27:35kababaihan.
27:36May
27:36mga
27:36lalaking
27:37politiko
27:38nga
27:38nagsasabi
27:39hindi
27:40bagay
27:40ang
27:40babae
27:41sa
27:41politika
27:42dahil
27:42masyadong
27:42marumi
27:43daw yung
27:43politika.
27:44So
27:44inaamin
27:45nila
27:45na
27:45marumi
27:46yung
27:46politika
27:46noon.
27:47Isa
27:47yan
27:47sa
27:48mga
27:48dahilan
27:48kung
27:49bakit
27:49ayaw
27:49na
27:50mga
27:50o
27:50ginagamit
27:51nilang
27:51dahilan
27:51para
27:52hindi
27:52makalahok
27:53ang
27:53kababaihan
27:54sa
27:54politics
27:55kasi
27:55nga
27:55yung
27:56pagiging
27:56marumi
27:57ng
27:57politika
27:57at
27:58malinis
27:58yung
27:59tingin
27:59nila
27:59sa
27:59babae
27:59so
28:00ayaw
28:00nilang
28:00marumihan
28:00yung
28:01babae
28:01pero
28:02in
28:02reality
28:03ayaw
28:03lang
28:03talaga
28:03nilang
28:04makasama.
28:07Ambisyosa
28:07ang turing
28:08ng mga
28:08mambabatas
28:09sa mga
28:10kababaihan
28:11sa
28:11suffragist
28:12movement.
28:13May
28:13iba
28:13rin
28:13nagsasabi
28:14na
28:14hindi
28:15bagay
28:15ang
28:15mga
28:16kababaihan
28:16sa
28:16politika
28:17at
28:18kahit
28:18sa
28:18hanay
28:19ng
28:19mga
28:19kababaihan
28:20may
28:20kontrabida.
28:22May
28:22nabasa
28:22rin
28:23ako
28:23isang
28:23argumento
28:24ng
28:24isang
28:24babae
28:25naman
28:25na
28:26tumututol
28:26doon
28:27sa
28:27pagkakaroon
28:29ng
28:29karapatang
28:30bumoto
28:30sinasabi
28:31niya
28:31na
28:31hindi
28:32na
28:32kailangan
28:33ang
28:33bumoto
28:33dahil
28:34na
28:34i-influencia
28:35naman
28:35natin
28:36yung
28:36mga
28:36lalaki
28:37sa
28:37bahay.
28:38May
28:38ganon
28:39silang
28:39pananam.
28:39I think
28:40you are
28:40referring
28:40to
28:41Josefa
28:42Gonzales.
28:42Sawa
28:43siya
28:43ng
28:43isang
28:43kongresista
28:44I
28:45think
28:45and
28:46then
28:46isa
28:46nga
28:46siya
28:46dun
28:46sa
28:47mga
28:47babae
28:48na
28:48hindi
28:49naniniwala
28:50na
28:51kailangan
28:51ma-enfranchise
28:52ang
28:52women
28:52kasi
28:52sabi
28:53nga
28:53niya
28:53represented
28:54naman
28:54ng
28:54lalaki
28:55yung
28:55babae
28:56kapag
28:57bumuboto
28:58yung
28:58lalaki
28:58parang
28:59nire-represent
29:00na niya
29:00yung
29:00boto
29:01ng
29:01babae
29:01and
29:01kapag
29:02legislator
29:02yung
29:03lalaki
29:03nire-represent
29:04na niya
29:04yung
29:04babae
29:05ang
29:05comparison
29:06pa nga
29:06niya
29:06sa
29:06mga
29:07babae
29:07para
29:08daw
29:08silang
29:08mga
29:08alahas
29:09women
29:10are
29:10like
29:11jewels
29:11at
29:12yung
29:12alahas
29:12daw
29:12hindi
29:13naman
29:13dinadala
29:14ng
29:14lalaki
29:14sa
29:15kusina
29:15kung saan
29:17niluluto
29:18yung
29:18mga
29:18batas
29:19so
29:19bakit
29:21mo
29:22dadalin
29:22sa
29:23legislatura
29:23yung
29:24babae
29:24napakahalaga
29:25ng
29:25babae
29:26para
29:26dalin
29:27dyan
29:27yung
29:27sabi
29:27mga
29:27kanina
29:28kasi
29:28inaassociate
29:29yung
29:29politics
29:30bilang
29:30marumi
29:30na
29:31bagay
29:31so
29:32hindi
29:33dapat
29:33namasama
29:34dyan
29:34yung
29:34babae
29:35so
29:35sabi
29:36niya
29:36kinakatawan
29:37na
29:37ng
29:37lalaki
29:38yung
29:38babae
29:42doon sa
29:43kanyang
29:43akda
29:44na
29:45enganyo
29:46naman
29:47daw nila
29:47si
29:47Josepa
29:47Gonzales
29:48na
29:48sumama
29:50sa
29:50kanilang
29:51campaign
29:51so
29:52yun
29:53pagdating
29:53ng
29:531921
29:54magiging
29:55mahalaga
29:56din
29:56itong
29:56year
29:56na
29:56ito
29:57kasi
29:57dito
29:58ngayon
29:58magkakaroon
29:59ng
29:59convention
30:00yung
30:00lahat
30:01ng
30:01samahang
30:02pangkababaihan
30:02sa
30:02Pilipinas
30:03mabubuo
30:04yung
30:04National
30:04Federation
30:05of
30:05Women's
30:06Clubs
30:06of
30:07the
30:07Philippines
30:08at
30:08itong
30:08ngayon
30:08yung
30:09talagang
30:12campaign
30:12for
30:12women's
30:12suffrage
30:13so
30:141921
30:15and then
30:15may mga
30:16nabuo
30:16pa
30:16after
30:17naman
30:171928
30:18itinayo
30:19yung
30:19Philippine
30:20Association
30:20of
30:21University
30:21Women
30:22or
30:22PAW
30:22Women
30:23Citizens
30:23League
30:24na
30:24naging
30:24PAW
30:25later
30:25on
30:25na
30:25binubuo
30:26din
30:26ng mga
30:26suprahista
30:27na
30:28nagkampaign
30:28for
30:29the
30:29right
30:29to
30:30vote
30:30pagdating
30:31ngayon
30:31ng
30:321933
30:34tuloy
30:35yung
30:35campaign
30:36ng
30:36mga
30:36babae
30:36mula
30:37dun
30:37sa
30:371921
30:38or
30:38earlier
30:39hanggang
30:401933
30:41magkakaroon
30:42na
30:42ngayon
30:42ng
30:43bill
30:43women's
30:44suffrage
30:45bill
30:45na
30:46aprobahan
30:46na
30:47sa
30:47kongreso
30:47at
30:47senado
30:48at
30:48nilagdaan
30:49ng
30:49Pangulong
30:50Leonard
30:52Wood
30:52I think
30:52Governor
30:53General
30:53Leonard
30:56Wood
30:56kaya lang
30:57magkakaroon
30:58ngayon
30:58ng
30:58issue
31:00kasi
31:001934
31:02iuwi
31:02ngayon
31:03ni
31:03Quezon
31:03yung
31:03Tidings
31:04McDuffie
31:04Law
31:04na
31:05magiging
31:06batayan
31:07ng
31:07pagkakaroon
31:08ng
31:08Commonwealth
31:08Government
31:09from
31:101935
31:10to
31:111945
31:11so
31:12magkakaroon
31:13ng
31:141935
31:14Constitution
31:15so
31:16hindi
31:16ngayon
31:17naisama
31:19dun sa
31:191935
31:20Constitution
31:20yung
31:20bill
31:21yung
31:21Women's
31:22Suffrage
31:22Bill
31:22Pasado
31:23na yung
31:23bill
31:24naging
31:24batas
31:24na
31:24Pasado
31:25na siya
31:25dapat
31:26pero
31:27yung
31:28binuoy
31:29yung
31:29Constitutional
31:30Convention
31:31or
31:32Constitutional
31:33Assembly
31:33ayaw nila
31:35na
31:36ipasok
31:37dun sa
31:371935
31:37Constitution
31:38yung
31:38batas
31:38dahil nga
31:40karamihan
31:40sa
31:40membro
31:41ng
31:41Constitutional
31:41Assembly
31:42ay
31:42mga
31:43anti-suffrage
31:44mga lalaki
31:45na hindi
31:45pabor
31:46na makaboto
31:47ang kababaihan
31:48Hindi
31:49magkaisa
31:50ang mga
31:50mababatas
31:51kung dapat
31:52nga bang
31:53payagan
31:53ang mga
31:53kababaihan
31:54makisali
31:55sa halala
31:56kaya
31:56naisip
31:57nilang
31:57idaan
31:58ito
31:58sa isang
31:58plebisito
31:59para
32:00mga
32:01babae
32:01na
32:01mismo
32:01ang
32:02maghuhusga
32:03finally
32:04a provision
32:06was introduced
32:07that
32:08once
32:09the
32:09provision
32:10for the
32:11women's
32:11suffrage
32:12shall be
32:12introduced
32:12into the
32:13Constitution
32:14after the
32:16ratification
32:16of the
32:16Constitution
32:17a referendum
32:19will be held
32:20and it is
32:20the women
32:21who are
32:21going to
32:21decide
32:22now
32:22who
32:23if they
32:24want
32:24to have
32:25suffrage
32:26so
32:27nasa
32:281935
32:28Constitution
32:29yun
32:29yeah
32:30so
32:30I think
32:31the
32:32number
32:34was
32:34I think
32:34three-fourths
32:35or
32:35one
32:35three-fourths
32:36of the
32:36entire
32:37women
32:37population
32:37in the
32:38Philippines
32:38who will
32:39be given
32:40to the
32:41chance
32:41to vote
32:41it's in
32:42the
32:421935
32:43Constitution
32:43he was
32:44in favor
32:44yeah
32:45he was
32:45in favor
32:45because
32:46well
32:48I think
32:48this was
32:49a plus
32:49for him
32:49he was
32:49looking
32:50also
32:51to the
32:51development
32:51of the
32:52nation
32:52along
32:52with
32:53not only
32:54the
32:54men
32:55but
32:55of course
32:55with
32:55the
32:56female
32:58the
32:59Filipinas
32:59to
33:00contribute
33:00of course
33:02all this
33:02is common
33:03sense
33:03now
33:03but
33:03back
33:04then
33:04I mean
33:04I'm just
33:05amazed
33:05that there
33:05would be
33:06women
33:06who would
33:06vote
33:06against
33:07their own
33:08right to
33:08vote
33:09yeah
33:09because
33:12the
33:13referendum
33:13is already
33:14a vote
33:14yeah
33:15so
33:15there are
33:17women
33:17who will vote
33:18so they can't
33:18vote again
33:19it's
33:20weird
33:22right
33:22it was
33:23I think
33:23the
33:24referendum
33:25was just
33:25something
33:25formal
33:26but
33:27it's
33:27really
33:27happening
33:28because
33:29if you
33:31included
33:31men
33:32in the
33:33referendum
33:33maaring
33:34matalo
33:34and the
33:36specific
33:37provision
33:38in the
33:38constitution
33:38was
33:39women
33:39it's
33:40the
33:40women
33:40who should
33:41vote
33:41for
33:41something
33:41that
33:42is
33:42for
33:42them
33:42they
33:43would
33:43need
33:43to
33:43vote
33:43so
33:43they
33:44could
33:44vote
33:44again
33:44yeah
33:45okay
33:46300,000
33:48voto
33:49yan
33:50ang
33:50kailangan
33:50para
33:51maipatupad
33:51ang hangaring
33:52makaboto
33:53ang kababaihan
33:54sa halalan
33:55ayon
33:56pakit
33:56profesor
33:57doty
33:57jose
33:57ang plebisito
33:59hindi
33:59rin
34:00nakaligtas
34:00sa iba't
34:01ibang
34:01issue
34:01fake
34:02news
34:03at
34:03maging
34:04election
34:04related
34:05violence
34:05and then
34:06yung
34:06registration
34:07period
34:08na yan
34:08kasi
34:08nag
34:09campaign
34:09yung
34:09suffragists
34:10para
34:11mag
34:11register
34:11yung
34:12kababaihan
34:13sinet
34:14batay
34:14dun sa
34:14provision
34:16for the
34:18plebisit
34:19sinet
34:19yung dates
34:20na
34:20April 10
34:21and 17
34:22bilang
34:23registration
34:23days
34:24and
34:24April 30
34:251937
34:26bilang
34:26plebisit
34:26day
34:27so
34:27dun sa
34:28first
34:29registration
34:29day
34:30April 10
34:31medyo
34:32nagkaroon
34:32sila
34:32ng mga
34:33issue
34:33kasi
34:33mababa
34:35yung
34:35bilang
34:35ng
34:36mga
34:37babae
34:37na
34:37bumoto
34:38and
34:38ito
34:38yung
34:39headline
34:39ng
34:39mga
34:40pahayagan
34:40nung
34:40time
34:41na yun
34:41so
34:41parang
34:41kasi
34:41pati
34:42yung
34:42media
34:42nung
34:42time
34:42na yun
34:43against
34:44bias
34:45sila
34:46ayaw din nila
34:46na maenfranchise
34:47yung women
34:48so parang
34:49sa pamamagitan
34:49ng pag
34:50headline
34:50na mababa
34:51yung
34:52bilang
34:52ng mga
34:52babae
34:53mo
34:53parang
34:53inaasahan
34:54nila
34:55madiscourage
34:55yung women
34:56wag na
34:56kayong
34:56mag
34:56mag
34:57mag
34:57mag
34:57register
34:57and
34:58meron
34:59pang
34:59ibang
34:59mga
34:59issue
35:00like
35:00meron
35:02mga
35:03anti
35:03suffrage
35:05campaign
35:05may mga
35:05nagka
35:06campaign
35:06para
35:06wag
35:06mag
35:07register
35:07yung
35:07kababaihan
35:08meron
35:08din
35:08issue
35:09na
35:09may
35:10meron
35:11hindi
35:12tamang
35:12oras
35:12ng
35:13pagbubukas
35:13at
35:13pagsasara
35:14ng
35:14mga
35:14presinto
35:16para
35:16doon
35:16sa
35:16registration
35:17and
35:18then
35:19meron
35:19din
35:19disinformation
35:20campaign
35:21na
35:21noong
35:21time
35:21na yun
35:22kasi
35:22merong
35:23issue
35:24na
35:24pinapakalat
35:25against
35:25the
35:25suffragists
35:27na
35:27gumagawa
35:29sila
35:30ng
35:30paraan
35:30para
35:30makakuha
35:31yung
35:31mga
35:31babae
35:32ng
35:32birth
35:34and
35:34marriage
35:34certificates
35:35which
35:36I think
35:36is
35:36required
35:37para
35:37makaregister
35:38sa
35:39iligal
35:39na
35:39paraan
35:40para
35:40iligal
35:40yung
35:41pagkuhan
35:41nilang
35:41birth
35:42and
35:42marriage
35:42certificates
35:43and
35:43then
35:43meron
35:44ding
35:44issue
35:44in issue
35:45sa
35:45kanila
35:45na
35:46nakikipagsabuatan
35:48daw
35:48yung
35:48mga
35:48babae
35:49sa
35:49mga
35:50mga
35:52lalaki
35:53para
35:54makaboto
35:54sila
35:54sa
35:55bahay
35:55nila
35:55na
35:55hindi
35:55na
35:56nila
35:56kailangan
35:56pumunta
35:56pa
35:57sa
35:57presinto
35:57so
35:57may
35:58issue
35:58na
35:58ganon
35:59so
35:59later on
36:00how was
36:02this
36:02disinformation
36:03campaign
36:04being done
36:05jaryo
36:07radio
36:08or
36:08chismis
36:08lang
36:09pero
36:11after
36:12nung
36:12plebiscite
36:14nag
36:15create
36:16ng
36:16committee
36:16para
36:17imbesagahan
36:17nga
36:17kung may
36:18katotohanan
36:18yung
36:18allegation
36:19sa
36:19wala
36:19naman
36:19wala
36:20namang
36:21katotohanan
36:21so
36:21disinformation
36:22campaign
36:23talaga
36:23and then
36:24meron
36:24ding
36:25issue
36:26na
36:26may
36:27mga
36:27times
36:28daw
36:28pinaparegister
36:30yung
36:30mga
36:30underage
36:30women
36:31na lahat
36:33yan
36:33napatunayan
36:33na walang
36:34katotohanan
36:35and then
36:36meron
36:36ding
36:36election
36:36related
36:37violence
36:38na
36:38nung
36:38time
36:38na yun
36:39sa
36:39registration
36:40pa
36:40lang
36:40there
36:41was
36:42a case
36:42in
36:42Uminggan
36:43Pangasinan
36:44na
36:44merong
36:44isang
36:45babae
36:45na
36:46magre-register
36:47ayaw
36:48siyang
36:48pag-register
36:48yung
36:49asawa
36:49niya
36:50so
36:50yung
36:51nagbabantay
36:51sa presinto
36:52para kinausap
36:52yung asawang
36:53lalaki
36:54para
36:54hayaan
36:55na mag-register
36:56yung babae
36:56at nagkainitan
36:57nagkatagaan
36:58yeah
37:00so
37:00sinugod
37:00sa ospital
37:01unang bahagi
37:02pa lang yan
37:03ng ating
37:03kwentuhan
37:04podmates
37:05tungkol
37:05sa kasaysayan
37:06ng pagboto
37:07ng mga
37:07kababaihan
37:08sa part
37:092
37:09kilalani
37:10naman natin
37:11ang mga
37:11taong
37:12nagsulong
37:12nito
37:13pati na rin
37:14ang mga
37:14iba pang
37:15kababaihan
37:15nanguna
37:16sa laban
37:16para sa
37:17kanilang
37:18mga
37:18karapatan
37:19This episode
37:20was produced
37:21by the team
37:21of Yu Marianga
37:22and Obri
37:23De Los Reyes
37:24supervised
37:25by Criselda
37:25Caringal
37:26Arla Fabella
37:27and Bernice
37:28Cibucao
37:28This was edited
37:29by J.R. Magtoto
37:30and hosted
37:31by me
37:32Howie Severino
37:33Thank you
37:34podmates
37:34for listening
37:35and watching
37:36until the very
37:36end of this podcast
37:38Alam nyo na
37:39nakakatalino
37:40ang mahabang
37:41attention span
37:41Don't forget
37:42to like and subscribe
37:43and binge watch
37:44our past episodes
37:45too
37:45Until the next pod
37:47mabuhay kayo
37:48at ingat lagi