Discover the microscopic superheroes of the natural world! In this video, we delve into the incredible resilience of tardigrades, the true survivors of Earth. Join us on a journey into their extraordinary world and find out why these tiny titans are the champions of survival. Don't miss this captivating exploration of nature's ultimate heroes .
Chapters
00:00 - Intro
03:32 - Tiny Titans: Tardigrade
09:50 - Neutron Star
#brightside
Animation is created by Bright Side.
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For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me
Chapters
00:00 - Intro
03:32 - Tiny Titans: Tardigrade
09:50 - Neutron Star
#brightside
Animation is created by Bright Side.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/
Listen to Bright Side on:
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD...
Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id...
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our Social Media:
Facebook -
/ brightside
Instagram -
/ brightside.official
Tik Tok - https://www.tiktok.com/@brightside.of...
Snapchat -
/ 1866144599336960
Stock materials (photos, footages and other):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me
Category
🛠️
LifestyleTranscript
00:00 "Hey, we landed on the Moon!"
00:02 "We sailed around the world!"
00:04 "Romeo met Juliet!"
00:06 "Hey, it's hard to imagine that there are creatures out there who saw it all happen!
00:12 Immortal animals!
00:13 Well, almost…"
00:17 Glass sponges are weird little creatures that sit in one place for thousands of years.
00:23 From their favorite spot under the sea, they witness the first Europeans crossing over
00:27 to the Americas.
00:28 They can live up to 15,000 years!
00:32 And what's even cooler is that they can control their aging process.
00:36 Speed it up or slow it down!
00:38 They have a glass-like exoskeleton for protection.
00:42 Lobsters can grow back a limb if they lose it, and they're basically immortal.
00:46 They produce an unlimited number of enzymes that keep their DNA young forever.
00:52 And they just keep on growing.
00:54 That means they outgrow their own shells.
00:56 They have to shed their exoskeleton every now and then and upgrade to a bigger one.
01:01 The largest lobster ever caught was 44 pounds off the coast of Nova Scotia.
01:07 Scientists think this large lobster was around 100 years old.
01:11 It was around when Edison invented the phonograph.
01:14 This next creature is a mix between a jellyfish and a tree branch.
01:20 Each end of the hydra has a ringed foot, and it spends its days chilling by lakes and rivers.
01:26 Its tentacles grab onto tasty snacks that swim past it.
01:29 So what's the secret to its immortality?
01:33 That's something everyone wants to know!
01:35 The hydra has the ability to renew its stem cells.
01:39 Scientists have been trying to do that for years.
01:41 They can actually slow down their aging process.
01:45 These little sea creatures are Red Sea urchins.
01:48 They sit on seaweed in shallow waters and are immortal.
01:52 Well, we haven't been studying them long enough to know for sure, but scientists say
01:57 they only grow in size, not in age.
02:00 What?
02:01 Well, they sort of stay like little baby urchins, but grow in size.
02:05 Adult, baby urchin, okay.
02:07 These little babies can reach around 100 years old, even 200.
02:12 The slowest on the list?
02:13 The giant tortoise.
02:15 It can reach 200 years old.
02:17 And one of the oldest is Jonathan.
02:19 He's technically the oldest crawling land animal.
02:22 He was born in 1832 and lives it up on a remote island called St. Helena.
02:28 Jonathan's been through a lot.
02:30 He's seen the very first American skyscraper, the Eiffel Tower.
02:36 Oh yeah, he's also lived through every single World Series, starting when he was 71 years
02:42 old.
02:43 Now he can't see too well and he's lost his sense of smell, but he's still going
02:47 strong!
02:51 Back to the oceans and the Greenland shark.
02:53 It's been known to be the longest-living vertebrate and can live more than 400 years.
02:59 Swimming around for that long in the deep, dark, cold ocean means these sharks are tough.
03:04 They're able to withstand insane water pressure.
03:08 Sharks are one of the only creatures today that haven't been affected too much by evolution.
03:14 Many sharks have been around since the dinosaurs and haven't changed much.
03:18 Scientists found out that they grow around half an inch per year.
03:22 So with a little bit of quick math, they can easily find out the age of these tough sharks.
03:28 Imagine seeing a shark that's older than the USA!
03:32 This next creature is probably the most durable, indestructible, and cutest on the list.
03:37 It's called a tardigrade, but scientists nickname it "water bear" because I guess
03:43 it looks like one.
03:44 But it's not exactly bear-sized.
03:47 It has 8 legs and hands with a strange little nose.
03:51 And these bizarre microscopic creatures are indestructible.
03:55 They're known to live in the most extreme places on the planet.
04:01 They're fine with temperatures as high as 300 and as low as -330.
04:07 Volcanoes, frozen desert nights…
04:10 They can even handle radiation and massive amounts of pressure in the deepest parts of
04:15 the ocean.
04:16 They can even survive the vacuum in space.
04:19 No tiny little spacesuit or anything.
04:22 That would be cute enough.
04:23 So far, they've survived 10 days on the outside of a spaceship, but they could probably
04:28 do longer.
04:30 Tardigrades might be able to outlive humans if there's some sort of worldwide catastrophe.
04:36 Microscopic organisms in charge of the planet.
04:40 Wonder what that would look like.
04:41 Whether it's all the volcanoes erupting at once, or another ice age, or even another
04:46 pesky asteroid.
04:49 Tardigrades probably wouldn't even notice.
04:51 Scientists are studying them to see if they can help us with some next-level biotech.
04:57 Just for fun, here's the mayfly.
04:59 This poor little insect doesn't even make it past 24 hours on average.
05:04 Females and males can make it to a whopping 2 days old.
05:07 Talk about living in the moment!
05:09 These little flies grow in swarms and are known to have one of the shortest lifespans
05:13 of any creature.
05:15 But as a species, well, they've been around for hundreds of millions of years.
05:20 Jellyfish have discovered the fountain of youth, and surprise, surprise, it's been
05:24 inside them all along.
05:27 Not inspirational poster style, but literally, it's always been inside them.
05:33 Jellyfish are able to reverse their aging process whenever they want.
05:37 Imagine you're swimming along and then you think to yourself, "Gee, I kinda wanna be
05:41 8 again."
05:42 And poof, there you are.
05:44 Who wouldn't want to go back to being 8?
05:47 That's how jellyfish stay young and live stress-free.
05:50 These brainless and boneless creatures can turn the clock back any time they want as
05:55 long as no one bothers them.
05:57 They're super chill, just floating in whatever direction the current takes them.
06:01 Like a go with the flow?
06:04 This creature looks like something right out of a sci-fi movie, and you could say it has
06:08 sort of alien features.
06:11 The giant weeda outweighs a mouse and is considered one of the biggest insects out there.
06:17 You find these big bugs in New Zealand.
06:19 While jellyfish can reverse their aging process, some members of the weeda family can come
06:24 back to life.
06:25 Talk about superpowers!
06:27 If they get completely frozen, they start to make special proteins that stop their organs
06:32 from getting ruined.
06:34 After whatever amount of time they're frozen, they can be thawed out and brought back to
06:38 life like nothing ever happened.
06:41 In fact, the giant weeda has ears on its knees and in its front legs.
06:46 And because it can resurrect, it's also called the zombie bug.
06:52 Weeda are flatworms that are unique, apart from being practically immortal, they're
06:57 the ultimate regeneration machines for lost body parts.
07:01 If you take one of them and divide its body into 10 parts, you'll end up with 10 new
07:06 planaria.
07:07 You keep dividing them up, they'll keep multiplying, even though they're usually
07:11 less than an inch long.
07:13 Imagine if we could figure out how to do that.
07:17 Would that be a way for us to live forever?
07:19 Or would we end up with a totally crazy world with copies of everyone walking around?
07:24 How about the world's fastest relay team – 4 identical Usain Bolts?
07:30 Clams have been around for a really long time.
07:33 Scientists have discovered that they can live up to 400 years old!
07:37 These little shelled creatures are the ones that create those shiny little pearls everyone
07:41 loves.
07:42 A clam will go into action mode when a parasite gets inside.
07:46 The clam tries to cover the parasite with a bunch of special chemicals – the same
07:50 ones it uses to make the inside of its shell.
07:53 That's when the magic starts to happen.
07:56 When these chemicals harden up, they make a shiny, glossy pearl.
08:00 The more chemicals, the bigger the pearl.
08:03 This long, slippery-looking creature lives deep in the caves of Europe.
08:08 Olm can live up to be 100 years old!
08:11 It spends its days hunting for little insects, snails, and crabs with its tiny front arms
08:16 and wriggling, snake-like body.
08:19 Its skin is so pale that some locals even call it the "human fish."
08:24 Hey wait a minute!
08:26 The olm is almost blind, but it can still detect light – it just mostly does it through
08:31 its skin.
08:32 Like other blind animals, it has a supercharged sense of hearing and smell.
08:37 It gets its distinct look from those little red gills around its neck.
08:42 Venus most likely used to be covered with oceans, from 30 to 1,000 feet deep.
08:48 Also, some water was locked in the soil of the planet.
08:51 On top of that, Venus had stable temperatures of 68 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit, which, you
08:58 have to admit, was quite pleasant and not that different from the temperatures on Earth
09:02 nowadays.
09:03 So, what I'm getting at is that for 3 billion years, right until something irrevocable happened
09:09 700 million years ago, Venus could've been habitable.
09:12 But now it's not.
09:15 The Moon is the second brightest object in our sky.
09:18 At the same time, among other astronomical bodies, it's one of the dimmest and least
09:23 reflective.
09:24 Our natural satellite only seems bright because it's so close to Earth.
09:28 For comparison, our planet looks much brighter when you look at it from space.
09:32 It's because clouds, ice, and snow reflect way more light than most types of rock.
09:38 Triton, Neptune's moon, has all its surface covered with several layers of ice.
09:43 If this satellite replaced our current moon, the night sky would get 7 times brighter.
09:51 Neutron stars are some of the smallest yet most massive objects in space.
09:55 They're usually about 12 miles in diameter, but are several times heavier than the Sun.
10:00 Oh, and they also spin about 600 times per second, far faster than your average figure
10:05 skater.
10:09 Saturn is the least dense planet in the Solar System.
10:12 It has 1/8 the average Earth's density.
10:15 And still, because of its large volume, the planet is 95 times more massive than Earth.
10:21 A transient lunar phenomenon is one of the most enigmatic things happening on the Moon.
10:26 It's a short-lived light, color, or some other change on the satellite's surface.
10:31 Most commonly, it's random flashes of light.
10:35 Astronomers have been observing this phenomenon since the 1950s.
10:38 They've noticed that the flashes occur randomly.
10:42 Sometimes they can happen several times a week.
10:44 After that, they disappear for several months.
10:47 Some of them don't last longer than a couple of minutes, but there have been those that
10:51 continued for hours.
10:53 The year was 1969, one day before Apollo 11 landed on the Moon.
10:58 One of the mission participants noticed that one part of the lunar surface was more illuminated
11:03 than the surrounding landscape.
11:05 It looked as if that area had a kind of fluorescence to it.
11:09 Unfortunately, it's still unclear if this phenomenon was connected with the mysterious
11:13 lunar flashes.
11:15 Trash isn't just a problem in Earth's oceans, cities, and forests.
11:19 There is a thing called space junk, which is any human-made object that's been left
11:23 in space and now serves no purpose.
11:26 There's also natural debris from meteoroids and other cosmic objects.
11:31 There are currently over 500,000 pieces of space debris orbiting the Earth at speeds
11:36 high enough to cause significant damage if they were to collide with a spacecraft or
11:41 satellite.
11:42 NASA does its best to track every single object to ensure that missions outside Earth can
11:46 reach their destination safely.
11:49 Our Sun is insanely massive.
11:52 Want some proof?
11:54 99.86% of all the mass in the Solar System is the mass of the Sun, in particular the
12:00 hydrogen and helium it's made of.
12:02 The remaining 0.14% is mostly the mass of the Solar System's 8 planets.
12:08 The Sun's temperature is hotter than the surface of a star.
12:12 The surface temperature reaches 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, but the upper atmosphere heats
12:16 up to millions of degrees.
12:19 If someone could dig a tunnel straight into the center of the planet and out the opposite
12:23 side, and you were adventurous enough to jump into it, it would take you 42 minutes to fall
12:29 to the other side.
12:31 You'd speed up as you fell, reaching maximum speed by the time you reached Earth's core.
12:37 After the halfway point, you would then fall upwards, getting slower and slower.
12:41 By the time you reached the opposite surface, your speed would be back to zero.
12:46 Unless you managed to climb out of the hole, you'd immediately start falling again, back
12:50 down or up to the other side of the planet.
12:54 This trip would go on forever, all thanks to the weird effects of gravity.
12:58 A might be a fun way to spend an afternoon!
13:03 There might be more metals, for example, titanium or iron, in lunar craters than astronomers
13:08 used to think.
13:10 The main problem with this finding?
13:12 It contradicts the main theory about how the Moon was formed.
13:15 That theory says that Earth's natural satellite was spun off from our planet after a collision
13:20 with a massive space object.
13:23 But then, why does Earth's metal-poor crust have much less iron oxide than the Moon's?
13:29 It might mean the Moon was formed from the material lying much deeper inside our planet.
13:34 Or these metals could've appeared when the molten lunar surface was slowly cooling down.
13:39 Or maybe, as they've been saying for centuries, it's made of green cheese.
13:46 Earth could've been purple before it turned blue and green.
13:49 One scientist has a theory that a substance existed in ancient microbes before chlorophyll
13:54 – that thing that makes plants green – evolved on Earth.
13:58 This substance reflected sunlight in red and violet colors, which combined to make purple.
14:03 If true, the young Earth may have been teeming with strange purple-colored critters before
14:08 all the green stuff appeared.
14:11 The highest mountain in the Solar System is Olympus Mons on Mars.
14:15 It's three times as high as Mount Everest, the Earth's highest mountain above sea level.
14:20 If you were standing on top of Olympus Mons, you wouldn't understand you were standing
14:24 on a mountain.
14:25 Its slopes would be hidden by the planet's curvature.
14:30 Astronomers have found a massive reservoir of water in space – the largest ever detected.
14:36 Too bad it's also the farthest – 12 billion light-years away from us.
14:40 The water vapor cloud holds 140 trillion times as much water as all the Earth's oceans
14:46 combined.
14:47 What are we supposed to do with that information?
14:49 Venus spins at its own unhurried pace.
14:53 A full rotation takes 243 Earth days, and it takes the planet a bit less than 225 Earth
14:59 days to go all the way around the Sun.
15:01 It means a day on Venus is longer than a year.
15:06 There's very little seismic activity going on inside the Moon.
15:09 Yet many moonquakes, caused by our planet's gravitational pull, sometimes happen several
15:15 miles below the surface.
15:17 After that, tiny cracks and fissures appear in the satellite's surface, and gases escape
15:22 through them.
15:23 Hey, they sometimes escape from me too!
15:27 Mars is the last of the inner planets, which are also called terrestrial since they're
15:32 made up of rocks and metals.
15:34 The red planet has a core made mostly of iron, nickel, and sulfur.
15:38 It's between 900 and 1200 miles across.
15:41 The core doesn't move.
15:43 That's why Mars lacks a planet-wide magnetic field.
15:46 The weak magnetic field it has is just 1/100th percent of the Earth's.
15:53 When the planets in the Solar System were just starting to form, Earth didn't have
15:57 a moon for the longest time.
15:59 It took 100 million years for our natural satellite to appear.
16:03 There are several theories as to how the Moon came into existence, but the prevailing one
16:08 is the fission theory.
16:12 Somebody went fishing and caught the Moon?
16:14 Actually no.
16:15 The fission theory proposes that the Moon was formed when an object collided with Earth,
16:20 sending particles flying about.
16:23 Gravity pulled the particles together, and the Moon was created.
16:27 It eventually settled down on the Earth's ecliptic plane, which is the path that the
16:31 Moon orbits.
16:32 So, looks like the green cheese is off the table now.
16:37 The largest single living thing on Earth turns out to be a mushroom in Oregon.
16:41 This enormous honey mushroom lives in Malheur National Forest and covers an area of 3.7
16:47 square miles.
16:48 It could be as much as 8,500 years old.
16:51 You could be forgiven for missing it, though, since most of it's hidden underground.
16:58 When the roots of individual honey mushrooms meet, they can fuse together to become a single
17:02 fungus, which explains how this one got so big.
17:06 If you could gather all that mushrooming stuff into one big ball, it could weigh as much
17:11 as 35,000 tons.
17:13 That's about as heavy as 200 grey whales.
17:16 Hey, that's a whale of a mushroom!
17:20 The largest asteroid in the Solar System is called Vesta, and it's so big that it's
17:25 sometimes even called a dwarf planet.
17:28 A trip to the nearest star, apart from the Sun, would take you 5 million years on a commercial
17:32 airplane.
17:33 That's what I call a long haul flight.
17:37 Space isn't supposed to be black.
17:38 There are stars everywhere.
17:40 Shouldn't they light up everything around?
17:42 Well, you don't see stars wherever you look because some of them haven't existed long
17:47 enough for their light to reach Earth.
17:50 A day on Uranus lasts 17 hours, 14 minutes, and 24 seconds.
17:55 But get this, the planet has a tilt of around 98 degrees.
17:59 And that makes a season on the gas giant last 21 Earth years.
18:05 Some scientists believe that our planet used to have an additional satellite.
18:10 According to their research, a small celestial body about 750 miles wide orbited Earth like
18:16 a second moon.
18:17 And most likely crashed into our main satellite later on.
18:21 Such a collision could explain why the two sides of the moon look so different from each
18:25 other, one being heavily cratered and rough.
18:28 Or it could be the green cheese.
18:30 [MUSIC PLAYING]