Imaginez un espace si vaste et si vide qu'il ferait frissonner même le plus courageux des astronautes. C'est le vide du Bouvier, un désert cosmique qui s'étend sur des milliards d'années-lumière, dépourvu des galaxies, d'étoiles et de tout le fatras cosmique habituel. C'est un peu comme le trou noir ultime, mais sans l'attraction gravitationnelle. Les astronomes se grattent la tête en essayant de comprendre comment un tel vide peut exister dans un univers qui regorge de merveilles célestes. Certains pensent qu'il s'agit du vestige d'une collision cosmique, tandis que d'autres pensent qu'il s'agit simplement d'une bizarrerie dans la tapisserie du cosmos. Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
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FunTranscript
00:00 After receiving the last instructions from your team, you board your space ship.
00:06 It is the first machine built on Earth capable of moving at a speed close to that of light.
00:12 Your mission is to visit the most unusual and terrifying places in space
00:18 and send detailed reports to the scientists.
00:21 And your journey begins. Your space ship accelerates and you go beyond the Moon.
00:27 In the distance, you see a small reddish planet, it's Mars.
00:31 And look at this giant all surrounded by rings, it's Saturn.
00:36 You would like to have more time to explore this gas giant, but you have to hurry.
00:41 You pass beautiful stars. Some are bright, others have a red hue and others seem to be going out.
00:48 It's Sirius' Quad, the brightest star in the night sky.
00:53 It is about 8.6 light years away from us.
00:57 But you travel fast and you soon see Polaris, the polar star, located much further, at 431 light years.
01:05 Sometimes you manage to distinguish tiny dots around these stars.
01:10 These are planets. And suddenly you see nothing.
01:14 You are first horrified.
01:16 Would something have gone wrong by accidentally sending you into a black hole?
01:20 Is your equipment defective?
01:23 Because it seems that 700 million light years away from Earth, there is a hole.
01:29 A vacuum without galaxies, without stars, without planets, without asteroids.
01:33 There is nothing at all.
01:35 This vacuum is a sphere of about 330 million light years in diameter.
01:40 Our galaxy, the Milky Way, could hold billions of times.
01:45 That's when you realize that it's the mysterious vacuum of the Bouvier.
01:50 It is located about 700 million light years from Earth, in the Bouvier constellation.
01:56 The cow that drives the cart around the North Pole.
02:00 Originally, this region was called the Great Vacuum.
02:04 Then it was given the name it bears today.
02:07 We know that galaxies form like a gigantic canvas.
02:10 Most belong to long structures called filaments.
02:14 These hang in the cosmos and, when they join, they form regions with high concentrations of galaxies.
02:21 This area is called the Galaxy Caves.
02:24 But between the caves and the filaments, there can be huge empty spaces without almost any galaxies.
02:29 These empty spaces represent in fact nearly 80% of the observable universe.
02:34 And most of them are huge.
02:36 Between 30 and 300 million light years wide.
02:40 The vacuum of the Bouvier is one of the most massive.
02:43 It even got the title of "Super Vacuum".
02:47 Astronomers think it could result from the fusion of several smaller vacuums.
02:51 But what could have caused the appearance of these gigantic empty spaces?
02:56 The reason could be in the origin of the universe.
02:59 At its beginning, all the matter of the universe was compact.
03:03 Astronomers even think it was a kind of uniform soup.
03:07 But very quickly, random quantum fluctuations began to disperse this matter.
03:12 Some areas became denser.
03:14 As a result, their gravitational attraction became stronger.
03:18 And they began to take matter in the less dense regions.
03:22 And they became even denser.
03:25 This allowed them to attract more and more matter.
03:28 At the same time, the smaller caves began to move away from the center, forming galaxies.
03:34 After contemplating the void for a while, you decide to explore other space objects.
03:40 And to restart the engine of your spaceship.
03:43 There is a type of formation that you were impatient to discover.
03:47 Nebulae.
03:48 These are gigantic clouds of gas and dust.
03:52 Over time, gravity brings them closer to each other.
03:56 They become bigger and bigger.
03:58 And their attraction is getting stronger.
04:01 It reminds you of something, doesn't it?
04:03 One day, all this mass ended up collapsing under the effect of its own gravity.
04:08 And by forming new stars, you decide to visit some of the most beautiful nebulae.
04:13 You start with the butterfly nebula.
04:15 The size of this "butterfly" is more than 3 light-years.
04:19 Its interior structure is one of the most complex ever observed.
04:23 Its central star, a white dwarf, heats at an incredible temperature of 250,000 ° C.
04:30 This means that it formed from a gargantuan star.
04:34 Probably more than 5 times the size of our sun.
04:38 This white dwarf is surrounded by a thick disk of dust and gas at the equator.
04:43 This is probably what gives the whole structure the appearance of a sandstone.
04:48 Or a butterfly.
04:49 The next place you decide to visit is the Nebula of Eskimo.
04:53 Located 5,000 light-years from Earth, in the Gemini constellation.
04:58 It was discovered more than 200 years ago, and its name is not trivial.
05:03 Its double-shelled formation resembles the face of a person hiding in a hood,
05:07 covered with a winter jacket.
05:09 In reality, this "parca" is a disk of matter containing an object ring in the shape of a comet.
05:15 The tails of these objects detach from the star located in the center of the nebula.
05:20 These strange orange-haired ones on the outside of the cloud
05:24 extend over light-years in all directions.
05:27 As for the face of the Eskimo, even if it looks like a ball of string,
05:30 it is actually a bubble of matter blown into space by the high-speed wind produced by the central star.
05:37 Your next destination is the Nebula of Lyra.
05:40 At first glance, it is a gigantic cloud of dust and gas
05:44 surrounding an old star that is almost extinct, and which looks like a ring.
05:48 But astronomers say that this nebula is not a bagel, but a jam-filled donut.
05:54 This colored object, located more than 2,000 light-years from Earth,
05:58 is actually a ring that wraps around a blue ball-shaped structure.
06:03 Each end of this structure exceeds the opposite sides of the ring.
06:07 You can now go to a region called the "Pillars of Creation".
06:12 You will find it more than 7,000 light-years from Earth, in the Nebula of the Eagle.
06:17 It is a young cluster of stars, only 5.5 million years old, babies of space.
06:23 The Hubble Space Telescope has managed to photograph several dark silhouettes near the center of the nebula.
06:29 Today, you can see them with your own eyes.
06:32 These are the famous "Pillars of Creation", an active region of star formation.
06:37 And since you have already visited a region where new stars are born,
06:41 you are going to discover a living fossil.
06:44 Already, this entity is as large as our Milky Way, but it is almost invisible,
06:50 because these stars are very dispersed.
06:53 What makes this galaxy so unique is that it is all alone,
06:56 unlike other geotype galaxies, which are generally found in clusters.
07:01 This may mean that DGS-8i was formed at another time,
07:05 probably a billion years after the Big Bang.
07:08 This is why we talk about living fossils.
07:11 The next step in your visit is the so-called "Black Swan".
07:14 Like its spider-like homonym, this rotating neutron star feeds on its partner,
07:19 a little brown dwarf.
07:21 The more the pulsar consumes matter, the slower its rotation.
07:25 The energy that the neutron star loses during this process
07:28 leads to the weakening of the star that accompanies it.
07:31 Oh, and look at that!
07:33 A stellar "Pouponnière" in the constellation of Centauri.
07:36 But although its name evokes something sweet, this region is far from peaceful.
07:41 It is composed of hydrogen and rising stars,
07:44 and is located in one of the nebulae of the constellation of Centauri,
07:48 about 6,500 light-years from Earth.
07:51 The intense energy emitted by these stars
07:55 makes the hydrogen clouds of a rather sinister red shine.
07:59 All this energy is so powerful that it devours the dust clouds
08:03 that disappear like pieces of butter on a hot frying pan.
08:07 You continue your journey and you see something quite astonishing.
08:11 A water cloud floating in space.
08:14 To be more precise, it is a water vapor cloud
08:18 surrounding a supermassive black hole
08:20 12 billion light-years from Earth.
08:23 This cloud contains 140 billion times the total volume of water on our planet.
08:29 Astronomers think it appeared 1.6 billion years after the birth of the universe.
08:36 (upbeat music)