• 5 months ago
Naitala ang 50°C heat index sa Pangasinan nitong Mayo. Ito ang pinakamainit na temperatura na naitala ngayong 2024.

Ayon sa World Health Organization, maliban sa heatstroke, maaring madagdagan ang mga zoonotic diseases o sakit mula sa hayop dahil sa matinding init.

Anu-ano nga ba ang mga uri ng zoonotic diseases at paano ito maiiwasan? Here’s what you #NeedToKnow.

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Transcript
00:00 In May, the heat index in Pangasinan reached 50 degrees Celsius,
00:05 the hottest temperature recorded this year.
00:09 Not only heat stroke can be a symptom of extreme heat,
00:15 according to the World Health Organization or WHO,
00:19 if it is too hot, zoonotic diseases or diseases from animals can also increase.
00:27 What are the types of zoonotic diseases and how can we avoid them?
00:33 Here's what you need to know.
00:36 According to the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine or RITM,
00:42 there are more outdoor activities,
00:44 the chances of encountering animals both in the wildlife and stray are higher.
00:51 There are quadrillion viruses in the world.
00:55 There are 380 trillion viruses inside our body.
01:01 And there are 1.7 million undiscovered viruses.
01:06 But only 200 of them have a negative effect on the human body.
01:11 Other viruses originate from animals and are transmitted to humans,
01:17 such as rabies, which was discovered in 2000 BC in dogs.
01:22 SARS, Ebola and COVID-19, which may have originated from panikis, pangolins and civet cats.
01:31 HIV came from mongoose, while dengue originated from flies.
01:39 Panikis are one of the so-called animal reservoirs for emerging diseases.
01:48 COVID-19, which killed more than 7 million people worldwide, is a possible cause of this.
01:56 Panikis were discovered by experts around the world as one of the ultimate reservoirs of viruses.
02:05 And some of them have become zoonotic.
02:08 It means that the viruses from the panikis jump to different animals.
02:15 Every time a panikis flies, it causes tissue damage and they get sick.
02:20 So they have this measured response to these kinds of foreign bodies such as viruses.
02:27 And then of course, through millions of years of evolution,
02:30 they've managed to acquire a multitude or a substantial amount of viruses that are not affected by this.
02:37 But on the other hand, there are other animals when they come in contact with bats.
02:43 These animals do not have an antibody response so it's very new to them.
02:50 Their antibodies would react sometimes violently, thereby resulting to sickness.
02:56 March 16, 2024.
02:59 Dr. Philip Aviola's group released their initial study.
03:03 He is a bat psychologist at the University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna.
03:08 He discussed the possible spread of disease or pandemic from panikis.
03:14 We were sampling panikis in different places in the Philippines
03:18 and we were targeting viruses with pandemic potential like the coronavirus, nipah virus, and ebola virus.
03:27 Our research started in August or July.
03:36 We found some panikis that were positive for these viruses like the coronavirus and nipah virus.
03:47 We used molecular techniques like PCR to test them for the virus.
03:53 They tested positive for the virus.
03:55 We also used serology tests to see if there was an infection history or if the panikis were exposed.
04:04 Based on our results in the laboratory, we found that many of the panikis we caught were also positive.
04:13 They had antibody reactions to these viruses with pandemic potential.
04:19 Panikis have their own antibodies that fight against viruses.
04:25 The heat of the time is affected by the spread of panikis.
04:31 There are studies that show that when there is stress that's being induced in bats,
04:39 the response of the panikis is to shed off the viruses.
04:48 For example, if they're super stressed, their immune system goes down.
04:55 The reaction is that they will shed off through urine, feces, and saliva.
05:01 Panikis' skin can withstand temperatures from 33 to 45 degrees Celsius.
05:09 But when they go past this point, they can get stressed.
05:13 This is where the virus comes out of their body.
05:17 Sometimes, the urine and body fluids may come in contact with other animals.
05:23 There are studies that show that stress, especially temperature-related stress,
05:29 can induce the panikis to shed off the viruses.
05:34 If their roosting site or their homes are hot, they may look for another home.
05:42 With high temperatures, sometimes they tend to migrate and come into contact with humans.
05:47 And then, of course, with rising temperatures, that can affect their supply of food,
05:55 particularly plants and fruits.
05:58 Plants and fruits rely on the seasons for their flowering.
06:04 But experts say that panikis should not be killed.
06:09 Panikis, especially insects, help in regulating populations of viruses.
06:16 Populations of insects, especially those insects that are pests to humans.
06:22 And of course, insects that cause diseases like dengue and malaria.
06:28 Panikis eat those.
06:30 So their ecosystem services are very important for humans.
06:34 And of course, temperature as a stress inducer.
06:38 You can also count on stress inducers to move or treat panikis.
06:46 So these are stressors as well and can lead to shedding of viruses.
06:51 The WHO has a program called the One Health Program.
06:56 It will discuss how to avoid the next pandemic,
07:01 such as prohibiting catching wild animals for food or sale.
07:08 Having a good community knowledge of its health effects.
07:13 A good implementation by the government to avoid it.
07:18 And most of all, taking care of the environment.
07:22 [Music]

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