Menteri Koperasi dan UKM Teten Masduki tengah mewaspadai potensi masuknya platform e-commerce dari negeri tirai bambu yaitu “Temu” ke Tanah Air, yang bisa mengancam produktivitas dan penjualan produk UMKM nasional. Bahkan, platform tersebut dikhawatikan akan meluluhlantakkan sektor UMKM Indonesia.
Pasalnya, platform e-commerce yang diketahui sudah masuk ke 58 negara di dunia ini memiliki sistem cross border, dan menghubungkan antara konsumen secara langsung dengan produsen yang terdiri dari puluhan pabrik di China. Dengan demikian, produk yang ditawarkan dalam platform tersebut bisa langsung dipesan dan dikirim ke seluruh konsumen di dunia, termasuk Indonesia tanpa melalui distributor, afiliator atau pihak ketiga lainnya.
Pasalnya, platform e-commerce yang diketahui sudah masuk ke 58 negara di dunia ini memiliki sistem cross border, dan menghubungkan antara konsumen secara langsung dengan produsen yang terdiri dari puluhan pabrik di China. Dengan demikian, produk yang ditawarkan dalam platform tersebut bisa langsung dipesan dan dikirim ke seluruh konsumen di dunia, termasuk Indonesia tanpa melalui distributor, afiliator atau pihak ketiga lainnya.
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TVTranscript
00:00Hello viewers, how are you today, straight from the Ahit X Channel studio in Jakarta, I am Prasetyo Ibo,
00:19back again in market review, a program that deals with economic movements in Indonesia.
00:24And this time, we will discuss the micro, small, and medium-sized business sector.
00:30It is currently operating on the digital platform from abroad,
00:35which is worried that it will interfere with the energy, productivity,
00:39and marketing of UMKM products in Indonesia.
00:43Let's start the complete market review.
00:54The Ministry of Cooperation and MSMEs is aware of the potential of the entry of Chinese e-commerce,
00:58which is considered to be able to threaten the micro, small, and medium-sized business sector or UMKM.
01:03The reason is that e-commerce has a cross-border system that connects consumers directly with factories.
01:09The Ministry of Cooperation is worried about the entry of a global cross-border platform
01:16that is factory-directed to consumers.
01:21So, if it enters Indonesia, I think it will have a big impact on UMKM players.
01:30What is the application?
01:32Application from China, because it has entered 58 countries.
01:38We are worried that if it enters us, it will be difficult.
01:45Therefore, it turns out that the Ministry of Cooperation and MSMEs is worried about the potential of the entry of e-commerce platforms
01:54from the Republic of Indonesia, Ibutumi, to Tanah Air,
01:58which can threaten the productivity and sales of UMKM national products.
02:03It is even worried that it will cross-border the UMKM sector in Indonesia.
02:09The e-commerce platform has entered 58 countries in the world.
02:14It has a cross-border system that connects consumers directly
02:19with factories in China.
02:23Therefore, the products offered on the platform can be ordered and sent to all consumers around the world,
02:30including Indonesia, without going through a distributor, affiliator, or third party.
02:38UMKM hopes that the Ministry of Trade Regulation No. 31 of 2023
02:43on the Permission for Entrepreneurship, Advertising, Construction,
02:47and Supervision of Entrepreneurs in Trade through the Electronic System
02:52can anticipate the entry of e-commerce platforms to Indonesia.
02:56All countries are concerned about the prohibition of the sale of imported goods below US$100
03:01or 1.5 million for the category of goods that enter cross-border.
03:06From Jakarta, Adefir Monsha, IDXJ.
03:36Good morning, Mrs. Hermawati.
03:42Good morning, everyone. How are you?
03:45I'm good. Thank you for your time.
03:49As Mr. Teten said, there are concerns from the Ministry of Trade Regulation No. 31 of 2023
03:54related to the application or digital platform from abroad, especially China.
04:00But before discussing further,
04:02Mrs. Hermawati, can you give us an insight on the condition of the UMKM sector in Indonesia?
04:12The condition of UMKM sector, with the discovery of applications that will enter Indonesia,
04:20it is possible that it will enter Indonesia
04:22because the supervision in Indonesia for trading is not that tight.
04:26But with the condition that there are applications,
04:29previously it did not have a good impact on UMKM,
04:35but the impact is more to importers or users who are not well-versed in UMKM products.
04:44So, the condition of UMKM itself is actually very worrisome right now
04:50because with the rising price of goods and competition in e-commerce,
04:57the price alone cannot compete.
05:01So, the government must be wise to make rules that really protect UMKM.
05:10It must be on the side of UMKM.
05:13In my opinion, the current UMKM is stagnant due to the government's efforts.
05:22Maybe there is now a position on the edge of a cliff, in my opinion.
05:27Wow, that's it for the condition of UMKM from Gajah Mata Aku Mandiri.
05:32Indep, how do you assess the government's efforts
05:35as long as it is done to protect local UMKM players,
05:38especially for foreign products in e-commerce or social commerce platforms?
05:44Do you think it is effective?
05:49Yes, thank you.
05:50So, if we look at the trend, at least from 2022 compared to 2023,
05:56there is a decline in various indexes related to UMKM.
06:03Some of the indexes issued by the BRI Research Institute, for example,
06:07indicate that at the end of 2022, the UMKM business index was 105.
06:11Then at the end of 2023, it dropped to 103.
06:15Then the UMKM business expectancy for the next three months is also the same.
06:20At the end of 2022, it was 130.
06:22At the end of 2023, it was 128. It also dropped.
06:25In other indexes, we also see the percentage index of the UMKM government.
06:29How do you believe it or not?
06:31It also dropped. At the end of 2022, it was 138.
06:34At the end of 2023, it was 134.
06:36So, we can see that the government's narrative is that economic recovery has already happened.
06:44However, UMKM as Indonesia's largest economic contributor tends to decline.
06:51This is what the government has also seen.
06:57At the end of last year, we also heard that there are two ministerial regulations
07:02related to UMKM and e-commerce.
07:04There is Permendek 31, 2023.
07:06Then there is PMK, Ministry of Finance Regulation No. 96, 2023.
07:11Both of them are related to UMKM and e-commerce.
07:14Indeed, there is a slight increase,
07:16although the increase has not returned to the previous 2022 conditions.
07:22So, the perception or index in UMKM has not recovered
07:29as the government's narrative after the pandemic has been economic recovery.
07:34Okay, Mr. Irmawati.
07:35How about the data that has been delivered to India?
07:38It is indeed a reflection of the stagnation conditions experienced by the Indonesian UMKM sector.
07:43So, e-commerce platform and social commerce platform in your opinion,
07:49is it still a challenge for local UMKM players?
07:55Yes, the challenge for UMKM players in e-commerce is,
08:00for the literacy of market issues like e-commerce,
08:05many UMKM players already understand.
08:07The challenge is the competition issue,
08:10the competition in the price that I mentioned earlier.
08:13Because the quality of UMKM products is actually quite good
08:18to be able to compete,
08:20but the problem is the price.
08:21That's what the government should do,
08:25if the product is the same, what should it be like?
08:28The government should have a quota for imported goods that are smaller
08:33or with an increase in price,
08:35so that the price can compete.
08:39So that the price can compete with imported goods in Indonesia.
08:43And that is not done by the government.
08:45And the government also has no supervision.
08:48They just make the rules, but there is no supervision.
08:51That's what the UMKM itself,
08:54actually, for the understanding of e-commerce itself,
09:00they actually already understand,
09:02they can maximize,
09:04that's why they can't compete with the price issue.
09:09Okay.
09:10So, is the current condition,
09:12with the concern of Pak Taten Mas Duki,
09:15related to the application or platform of e-commerce that will enter Indonesia,
09:20because it directly connects from the consumer to the manufacturer,
09:24there is no longer a distributor, affiliator, or the other three parties.
09:27We will discuss later in the next segment.
09:29Mrs. Herma and Mr. Azip, we will break for a while.
09:32Stay with us.
09:44Thank you for joining us in the market review.
09:46In the next segment, we will present a number of challenges for UMKM players in Indonesia,
09:50as can be seen throughout the year 2024.
09:53Yes, you can see all of it.
09:55First, and again, it is still related to predatory pricing,
09:58making UMKM difficult to compete.
10:00Then there is also the domination of imported products,
10:02the circulation of fake goods,
10:04and then transactions that have not yet been fully recorded.
10:07These are some of the challenges of the UMKM sector.
10:10And then the strategy of the government,
10:12especially the UMKM Go Digital Command Cup in 2024,
10:16what is it?
10:17There is regulation strengthening, acceleration and consolidation of the UMKM Go Digital program,
10:22then government partnership with digital companies,
10:26modern cooperation, and also UMKM in e-catalog.
10:30We will continue the discussion with Mrs. Hermawati Setyorini,
10:33Chairperson of Akumandiri,
10:35and Mr. Izzuddin Alfaras Adha,
10:38he is a researcher at the Digital Economy Center and UMKM in Depth.
10:43Mrs. Hermawati, you were suspended earlier.
10:45So what if there is a new application or platform
10:49that the government is concerned about,
10:51the Go Digital Command Cup UMKM?
10:53Because you said that the challenges of e-commerce and social commerce
10:57still depend on our UMKM players in terms of price competition.
11:01In addition, what if there is a new platform?
11:04Or do you see the usual things happening
11:08from e-commerce, from consumers directly to factories?
11:12Please, Mrs. Hermawati.
11:15If I want to laugh, I don't seem to pay attention.
11:21Actually, e-commerce like this has been around for a long time.
11:26For example, Alibaba.
11:28Alibaba also connects factories with consumers directly.
11:34The price is very, very cheap,
11:36and many Indonesians use it.
11:39Now, Temu.
11:41The position of Temu itself,
11:44Indonesians don't know,
11:46but it was started with a promotion
11:49where this ministry speaks in all national media.
11:54This will arouse the UMKM players
11:58or Indonesian consumers
12:00who want to find out.
12:02Because the Play Store can't be filtered.
12:07There is no regulation.
12:09We can't take applications.
12:12That's what the government should be aware of.
12:15The government should be sorry.
12:17E-commerce can't run on its own.
12:20It must be related to the Ministry of Trade.
12:24It seems that in Indonesia,
12:27there is only regulation,
12:29but there is no supervision.
12:31That's it.
12:32Because,
12:33when the minister's statement
12:38that there is an application,
12:40I'm sorry,
12:41some UMKM players have been peeking.
12:44And that will make the UMKM's sales
12:48increase even more.
12:52Because they won't be filtered.
12:55With the condition that before Temu,
12:57in e-commerce,
12:59both national and from other countries,
13:03UMKM can't compete.
13:05I saw it, for example.
13:07It's just for sale.
13:09I have to monitor all platforms
13:11because I want to know.
13:13The tens of thousands of products
13:15must be imported.
13:20Because if we look at hijab,
13:22is there a price of Rp. 10,000?
13:25It's definitely not a product from Indonesia.
13:29That's it.
13:30It's like that.
13:32It's not a household appliance.
13:35There is no government's determination
13:38to see where it comes from.
13:42Because once it enters the platform,
13:44it's already owned by the e-commerce partner.
13:47The government must have a regulation,
13:51in my opinion,
13:52to detect where the country comes from.
13:55So that there can be an additional price
13:59so that UMKM players can compete
14:02with foreign products.
14:05In my opinion, that's it.
14:07Okay.
14:08Mr. Izzuddin,
14:09what about the current condition?
14:11E-commerce, on the one hand,
14:13makes it easier for consumers.
14:15But on the other hand,
14:16it can threaten our UMKM sector.
14:18How do you see it?
14:19Because it's cross-border,
14:21directly connected to consumers,
14:23directly manufactured.
14:24How big is the potential threat
14:29with the presence of platforms like this in Indonesia?
14:33First, there is a regulation.
14:36In the end of last year,
14:37the calculation is getting tighter
14:39compared to the previous PMK and Permendek.
14:41So now the task is to enforce the law,
14:45to monitor whether it is in accordance with the regulations or not.
14:48That's the first.
14:49Then, the root of the problem is
14:52the empowerment of UMKM,
14:53the opening of job opportunities,
14:55so that UMKM local can not only think about the local market,
15:01but even go national,
15:03even go global, international.
15:05Because the global market is 8 billion people,
15:07we have been trapped in world looking,
15:11only seeing how big it is,
15:13270 million,
15:15even though there are so many markets out there
15:18that can also be sold,
15:21our products.
15:22Which means,
15:23that's where the government is,
15:24how to ensure that UMKM empowerment runs,
15:26financial access is also good to UMKM,
15:30in terms of marketing, promotion, and so on.
15:33This is what we have not seen
15:35optimally done by the government.
15:37Because the budget related to UMKM cooperation
15:41is distributed to various ministries and institutions,
15:44so it is not focused.
15:45And we can also understand,
15:47for example, the Ministry of UMKM Cooperation,
15:49the space is very limited,
15:50because the budget is limited to handle the field,
15:53namely cooperation and UMKM.
15:55Okay.
15:56So, in this condition,
15:57how can UMKM compete with,
16:00for example, the foreign products offered,
16:02even though they have become partners,
16:04then, if Mrs. Hermawati suggested,
16:07it should be separated first from which country,
16:09because the price difference was quite far
16:12with local production,
16:13even though they are both sold in the same platform,
16:16e-commerce or social camps.
16:19Yes, indeed, if it is related to predatory pricing,
16:21it has been handled by APMK 962023,
16:26which if the price is below USD 100,
16:29it cannot be included.
16:31So, it means that cooperation is needed,
16:34at the tax office,
16:35then from the Ministry of Trade,
16:37how is it when there are imported goods
16:39entering the port,
16:40for example, how is the checking,
16:42and the items registered at APMK 962023
16:46cannot be included,
16:48which is below USD 100.
16:50So, once again, on the other hand,
16:53we can actually,
16:55there are already several local UMKM
16:57that are able to go global,
16:59export to the international market.
17:02Unfortunately, this is not yet an example
17:04for many other UMKM,
17:06so that the other UMKM
17:08is only around the local market.
17:12Okay, so what kind of strategy
17:14or maybe what kind of support
17:16is needed from UMKM friends?
17:18Or is there already a step that has been taken by me
17:21to ensure that our UMKM
17:23can still compete with the price
17:25that may not be the same,
17:28but we will discuss later in the next segment.
17:30Let's pause for a moment.
17:31Mirsa, we'll be right back
17:33with the next part.
17:42Thank you for still joining us
17:43in the market review.
17:44Let's go to Mrs. Hermawati.
17:46So, what are the strategies
17:48that must be done by the government,
17:50business owners, UMKM,
17:52including myself,
17:54to ensure that our UMKM
17:56can compete with foreign products
17:58or products that are sold
18:00through e-commerce platforms?
18:05Me?
18:06So, in my opinion,
18:08the government's steps should be
18:10in accordance with the existing rules
18:12for tighter monitoring.
18:15Don't burden UMKM,
18:19because now UMKM
18:21has a constantly rising price.
18:23There is a requirement
18:25for a legal document
18:27that is mandatory,
18:29even though it has been postponed,
18:31but it is still a priority for UMKM.
18:34It also raises the production cost.
18:38Because, in my opinion,
18:40why is the entire e-commerce
18:42interested in Indonesia?
18:44Because we are a global market target.
18:46The population is amazing.
18:49There are hundreds of millions of people.
18:52And it is a consumptive market.
18:54Our country is a consumptive market.
18:56So, it is a global market target.
18:59So, how can this country
19:01maximize the Indonesian market itself?
19:05Because UMKM has potential.
19:09One of the strategies is
19:11to lower the price of UMKM
19:14because people's purchasing power
19:16is getting lower.
19:17The global economy is getting worse.
19:20So, the government has to do something.
19:22For example,
19:23if it is legal,
19:24the government has to help.
19:27And there has to be a supply of goods.
19:30Because now the price is high,
19:32there are no goods.
19:34That's what the government has to do
19:37so that Indonesian products
19:40can have an impact
19:44on Indonesian consumers.
19:47So, we become the master of our own country.
19:50I think that's it.
19:51The government doesn't just make rules,
19:53but there is no supervision.
19:55But they just make rules.
19:57But the most important problem is
20:01how to create cheap products.
20:04That's it.
20:05The construction of the SDM itself
20:09was not built.
20:11I think that's it.
20:12Yes, Mrs. Herma.
20:13If we look at the rules
20:15or policies of the SDM,
20:17that's enough.
20:19We just need to implement them.
20:21Yes.
20:22Actually, the rules made by the government
20:25must be on the people's side.
20:27The only thing is the supervision,
20:29the implementation and the execution.
20:32That's what's not done.
20:36Maybe it's not enough.
20:37Or it's minimally done.
20:39Because, again,
20:41the intention to build a country
20:43is not there.
20:45Or they just want to
20:47occupy a position in the ministry
20:49with a time limit.
20:50Or the government with a time limit
20:52but they don't value
20:54the Indonesian people
20:57especially the SDM.
20:59In my opinion, that's it.
21:01Okay.
21:02So, how is it, Mr. Izzuddin?
21:04Maybe you can explain.
21:06This is related to GoDigital.
21:08How is the program of UMKM GoDigital?
21:11Do you think it's suitable
21:13in terms of the government's target
21:16so that the illiteracy is achieved?
21:18Then, how to use
21:20digital technology to increase
21:22competitiveness and productivity
21:24as well as marketing of local UMKM products?
21:28So, a few years ago,
21:30the government had a program
21:32called UMKM GoDigital.
21:34It was translated
21:36with a program of 30 million UMKM
21:38entering e-commerce.
21:40And we see,
21:41at least until the end of last year,
21:43it was around 27 million UMKM.
21:45Okay.
21:46Which means,
21:47it's very likely to be achieved
21:49by the end of this year
21:50with 30 million UMKM entering e-commerce.
21:52But that's one of the steps.
21:54Okay, that's a good thing.
21:57But the next thing is,
21:58how to make UMKM
22:00not only sell
22:02but also grow,
22:05and this is the next step
22:07because there was a hindrance
22:09from imports that entered Indonesia.
22:11It's very cheap.
22:12And why is that?
22:14Competitiveness of local UMKM
22:16is hindered.
22:18As Mr. Herawati said,
22:20administrative and compliance costs,
22:23administrative and cooperation costs
22:25are very high.
22:27Okay.
22:28We can see that,
22:29for example,
22:30imported cosmetics products
22:32don't need...
22:34A lot of brands
22:35don't have halal certification.
22:38Whereas,
22:39if it's a local product,
22:40it must have halal certification.
22:43We haven't talked about SMEs and others.
22:45So,
22:46compliance on the rules
22:48only happens to local UMKM products.
22:52Meanwhile,
22:53imported products
22:54don't happen.
22:55That's what makes
22:57local products more expensive
22:59than imported products.
23:01Okay.
23:02Ms. Hermawati,
23:03do you think UMKM actors
23:05are ready?
23:06If there are thousands of
23:08applications or platforms
23:10from outside
23:12that offer
23:13similar products
23:15or suitable products,
23:17at least it's the same
23:19as our local UMKM products.
23:24Hello,
23:25Ms. Hermawati?
23:27You're still on mute.
23:29As for UMKM,
23:31it's now
23:32starting to use technology.
23:34Almost the majority.
23:35Okay.
23:36I've just been told that
23:37GoDigital,
23:38according to what you said,
23:41from Indepth,
23:43it's just like chasing...
23:45the e-commerce market
23:47is full.
23:48It's included in GoDigital.
23:50But,
23:51how can they sell
23:54while the price
23:55can't be competitive
23:57with imported products?
23:59It's just like,
24:00okay,
24:0110 million has been fulfilled.
24:03The target has been met.
24:05But, what for?
24:06If they only enter,
24:07the term is entering the mall,
24:09but they only sit,
24:11the product doesn't work.
24:13That's the problem.
24:14How does the government
24:16regulate it?
24:18If there is a regulatory obligation
24:20to UMKM,
24:22okay,
24:23they just give it.
24:25For example,
24:26if it's micro,
24:27they just give it.
24:28Then,
24:29what if the legality
24:31has been helped?
24:33What now?
24:34Production cost
24:35so they can go down.
24:36Now,
24:37it's like we're chasing.
24:39Chasing the left behind.
24:41And, it's hard for us
24:42to chase it.
24:44Because,
24:45the 10 million
24:46is just one.
24:47One step.
24:48Okay.
24:49One of them is
24:50the availability of goods.
24:52Cheap price.
24:53The government also helps.
24:55For example,
24:56if we want to export,
24:57what is given by the country
24:59so the export cost
25:01is minimized?
25:04In China,
25:05if the country's citizens
25:07export,
25:08they are given.
25:09Because they are aware.
25:10It means there is money coming in.
25:12Later, the money will also
25:14go to the country.
25:16In Indonesia,
25:17it's not like that.
25:18If you export,
25:20you have to take care of this,
25:22this, and this.
25:23It's a lot of burden.
25:25That's why,
25:26maybe,
25:27I'm sorry
25:28I'm getting excited.
25:29Because,
25:30sometimes,
25:32nowadays,
25:33we are often
25:35contacted by the MSMEs.
25:37The current condition
25:38is not good for MSMEs.
25:40Including,
25:42the unpaid e-commerce.
25:44Now,
25:45we only look at
25:46what hasn't come in.
25:47Even if it has come in,
25:48now it's being done.
25:50What about the supervision?
25:52Okay.
25:53The challenges are still a lot.
25:55Like MSMEs.
25:56But,
25:57how to increase competitiveness?
25:59Go Digital,
26:00as you said,
26:01has started to lag.
26:02In terms of digital technology.
26:03But,
26:04how about
26:05the government?
26:07In terms of
26:08how the price competition
26:09can be reduced
26:10and spread
26:11so that it's not too high.
26:12So that,
26:13the interest of the community
26:14or Indonesian consumers
26:15will appreciate it more.
26:17Maybe,
26:18they will choose more
26:19local MSME products.
26:20Because,
26:21it's competitive.
26:22Okay.
26:23Mrs. Imawati,
26:24thank you so much
26:25for your time and sharing.
26:26To Professor and Mr. Izzuddin,
26:28thank you for the insights
26:29that you have shared
26:30related to policies
26:31in the Indonesian MSME sector.
26:33Good luck with your activities.
26:35Stay healthy. Thank you.
26:36Stay healthy.
26:37Keep up the spirit.
26:39Okay.