En la actualidad, el concepto de "Internet de las cosas" (IoT) está revolucionando la forma en que interactuamos con nuestro entorno. Este fenómeno se refiere a la capacidad de los objetos para conectarse entre sí y con la red, facilitando el intercambio de datos en tiempo real. Desde termostatos inteligentes hasta bombillas LED y vehículos conectados, la tecnología IoT está diseñada para mejorar nuestra calidad de vida y la eficiencia en nuestros hogares y ciudades.
El canal "Hogar" explora cómo Internet está ampliando los límites de la comunicación y transformando la vida urbana. La integración de dispositivos inteligentes no solo permite un acceso instantáneo a la información, sino que también fomenta un entorno más cómodo y sostenible. Por ejemplo, los electrodomésticos conectados pueden optimizar su consumo energético, lo que no solo reduce costos, sino que también contribuye a la conservación del medio ambiente.
A medida que las ciudades se vuelven más inteligentes, el Internet de las cosas promete revolucionar el transporte, la seguridad y la gestión de recursos. La interconexión de dispositivos crea una red funcional donde cada elemento desempeña un papel vital, mejorando así nuestra interacción diaria.
Entender el Internet de las cosas es fundamental en esta era digital. No solo estamos ante una innovación tecnológica, sino ante un cambio cultural que redefine nuestra forma de vivir, trabajar y relacionarnos. Mantente informado sobre las últimas tendencias en tecnología y cómo estas impactan nuestro día a día.
#InternetDeLasCosas, #TecnologíaInteligente, #VidaUrbana
Keywords: Internet de las cosas, IoT, tecnología inteligente, vida urbana, comunicación, dispositivos conectados, eficiencia energética, hogar inteligente, innovación tecnológica, ciudades inteligentes.
El canal "Hogar" explora cómo Internet está ampliando los límites de la comunicación y transformando la vida urbana. La integración de dispositivos inteligentes no solo permite un acceso instantáneo a la información, sino que también fomenta un entorno más cómodo y sostenible. Por ejemplo, los electrodomésticos conectados pueden optimizar su consumo energético, lo que no solo reduce costos, sino que también contribuye a la conservación del medio ambiente.
A medida que las ciudades se vuelven más inteligentes, el Internet de las cosas promete revolucionar el transporte, la seguridad y la gestión de recursos. La interconexión de dispositivos crea una red funcional donde cada elemento desempeña un papel vital, mejorando así nuestra interacción diaria.
Entender el Internet de las cosas es fundamental en esta era digital. No solo estamos ante una innovación tecnológica, sino ante un cambio cultural que redefine nuestra forma de vivir, trabajar y relacionarnos. Mantente informado sobre las últimas tendencias en tecnología y cómo estas impactan nuestro día a día.
#InternetDeLasCosas, #TecnologíaInteligente, #VidaUrbana
Keywords: Internet de las cosas, IoT, tecnología inteligente, vida urbana, comunicación, dispositivos conectados, eficiencia energética, hogar inteligente, innovación tecnológica, ciudades inteligentes.
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DiversiónTranscripción
00:00Today, partially cloudy in the morning and will clear as the day progresses.
00:06West wind of 24 km per hour in the afternoon.
00:09Tonight, partially cloudy. Temperature 12 degrees.
00:12It's 8 o'clock in the morning.
00:18I'm not at home.
00:20But my house knows I'm coming.
00:24The Internet is expanding.
00:26And as it does, it's giving us almost supernatural powers.
00:32Alexa, you forgot to put butter on my toast.
00:35I'm not sure I can help you with that.
00:38The Internet is no longer a network of computers and servers.
00:42Now it's a network of things, things that know us.
00:46Things that know what we like to eat, how much we sleep,
00:50how to open our door, and even how our hearts beat.
00:55Alexa, where are my keys?
00:57They're in the bedroom.
00:59At 8.30 in the morning you have a meeting.
01:04The Internet is no longer just a cloud.
01:07Now it has a body.
01:09A body of devices, members, eyes, ears, and even a brain.
01:16Each device we connect to the Internet becomes part of it.
01:21But are these devices at our service?
01:24Or do they handle the threads in secret?
01:29Today, the Internet is everywhere.
01:31It listens to us.
01:33It influences us.
01:35It has become part of us.
01:37But if the Internet now has a body, how far can it go?
01:42THE KEYS TO THE INTERNET
01:54Home.
02:03The Internet is an amplifier of intelligence.
02:06The internet is an amplifier of intelligence.
02:11But almost everything that has a positive and beneficial use,
02:16also has a negative use.
02:19Human beings do not end up at the end of our biological tissue.
02:24The tools are extensions of who we are and mold our behavior.
02:30As things in our physical life begin to be on the internet and interconnected,
02:35the number of situations that could be twisted does not do more than increase.
02:39Little robots are doing more things for us than we realize.
02:43Now there are billions of network sensors
02:47that make up what is called the Internet of Things.
02:52It is as if the planet developed a nervous system.
02:58The merging of many of these technologies
03:01will lead to the first properly said artificial intelligence.
03:07And then what?
03:09You never can be too careful.
03:12It's about us controlling the devices before they control us.
03:23But we would never have had our smart devices without the work of a man.
03:28Doug Engelbart.
03:29Doug Engelbart.
03:30Doug Engelbart.
03:31Doug Engelbart.
03:32Doug was the most monomaniac person I've ever met.
03:35Through his entire life he focused on one thing.
03:38Increased intelligence.
03:43The notion was that human beings were fine,
03:45but with computers we would be much better.
03:49He imagined the interconnection between computers
03:52in a technical and idealistic way, even utopian.
04:00If in your office you were supplied with a computer that was alive for you all day,
04:06instantly responsive to every action you had,
04:08how much value could you derive from that?
04:12It was the fall of 1968 when Doug Engelbart created
04:15what would become known as the mother of all demos.
04:18Come in, Menlo Park.
04:21Okay, there's Don Andrews' hand, Menlo Park.
04:24There were thousands of computer engineers in the auditorium
04:27and they saw Doug Engelbart on a screen using a computer
04:30to communicate with people who weren't in the same room.
04:33I'd like now to have us bring in Jeff Oleson from Menlo Park.
04:36He's sitting alone just like this, working independently.
04:39Hi, Jeff.
04:40Hello.
04:41And it was the first time that many of them had seen computers as a communication tool.
04:46Suddenly, at that moment,
04:48that room full of people began to imagine not just computers, but computer networks.
04:55Engelbart was the inventor of the computer mouse.
04:58It was a kind of wooden box that moved by hand.
05:02Let's think about that for a moment.
05:04It's something that really accommodates the human body to the human hand.
05:10You can see the devices that I'm using.
05:12Doug had a vertical screen in black and white,
05:15so it looked like a piece of paper.
05:17He invented the mouse to be able to point things on the screen.
05:22He invented hyperlinks to be able to connect one document to another.
05:33It was a system that, in its practical uses, was the World Wide Web in a box.
05:46Engelbart and his lab helped to humanize the computer.
05:50The computer united us, and by uniting us, it allowed us to be less fully human.
05:56Steve Jobs was the first one to get this.
05:59We're tool builders, and that's what a computer is to me.
06:02It's the most remarkable tool that we've ever come up with,
06:06and it's the equivalent of a bicycle for our minds.
06:10Three things.
06:11A widescreen iPod with touch controls,
06:14a revolutionary mobile phone,
06:16and a breakthrough Internet communications device.
06:19Are you getting it?
06:21These are not three separate devices.
06:25This is one device.
06:28This is one device.
06:30Are you getting it?
06:32These are not three separate devices.
06:36This is one device.
06:42And we are calling it iPhone.
06:54I remember when the iPhone was announced in 2007.
06:57I couldn't wait to get one.
07:00And when I did, I picked up one.
07:03It felt like I was living in the future.
07:07And now, I can barely remember what life was like without this.
07:13It's a device made of plastic and metal that has all the answers,
07:17all the knowledge, all the information in the world.
07:20It can call cars.
07:21It can move mountains.
07:23It can make people do things just by rubbing the magic mirror.
07:49Hi, welcome to Beita.
07:51Have you been here before?
07:52No, I'm Derek.
07:53Hi, I'm Katrina.
07:54Nice to meet you.
07:55Nice to meet you.
07:57Everything is out of the box here,
07:59so you can touch it, feel it, interact with things,
08:01so you can see how it fits into your life.
08:03This is a device connected by Bluetooth to create light environments,
08:06a sunny day, a sunset, a date at night.
08:09You no longer have to carry the keys.
08:11You control it directly from the app.
08:133D video.
08:14Wow.
08:15Any order you want to give your phone, you can do it with this button.
08:18It will automatically water for you.
08:20You can interact with it.
08:21You can touch it and talk to it.
08:22You put it in the keys.
08:23You put it on your kid, on your dog, on your backpack,
08:25wherever you want.
08:26I'm starting to like this.
08:27I haven't hit anything yet.
08:31Oh, my God.
08:35I want one.
08:37The Beita store looks like a toy store for adults,
08:40but as I was about to find out,
08:42it's not as much a store as a research laboratory
08:45where they collect data about you.
08:48Our store is designed to bring the best of the Internet
08:51to a physical store.
08:54Although our store sells products, we don't make money from them,
08:58which is very unusual in the world of physical stores.
09:01We're the only store like that.
09:03How do you make profits if you don't make money selling products?
09:08We have this unique business model of minority sales.
09:11We rent space directly to companies,
09:14and we're associated with a company called RetailNext
09:18that has discovered how to use the cameras on the ceiling
09:21to understand how people buy in the stores.
09:25In the Beita store,
09:26the most important sensor is not on the shelves,
09:29but on the ceiling.
09:35As we interact with the products,
09:37these cameras watch us.
09:40They measure how long we spend in each area
09:45and find out what we like.
09:49And the customers don't necessarily know that they're being tracked, or...?
09:54We could say it's the most innocent form of tracking that exists.
09:59I've come to Beita to look at smart devices,
10:02but I was surprised to discover that they were actually looking at me.
10:06To find out to what extent cameras help stores like Beita,
10:09I decided to visit the manufacturer of the sensor, RetailNext.
10:14Wouldn't it be great to know your shopper?
10:16To know what catches her eye?
10:19Introducing Aurora by RetailNext,
10:22the first all-in-one sensor designed specifically for the complex needs of retail.
10:27The next generation sensor for shopper measurement.
10:31So, walk me through this.
10:33You know, someone comes into the store.
10:35What sorts of data can you tell me about that person?
10:38I can tell a lot about the type of person that comes into the store.
10:44Male, female, approximate age.
10:47And you can deduce a lot of information from the way they walk through the store.
10:53Excuse me for interrupting,
10:54how do you know the age and sex of the person that walks into a store?
11:00Yeah, well, it's using computer vision.
11:02It works very similarly to the human eye,
11:05but it's something that algorithms do automatically.
11:08If you want to know the type of customer that walks into a store,
11:15you can do it perfectly.
11:21RetailNext's cameras help shoppers identify their best customers and focus on them.
11:27But other companies have taken facial recognition to a new level.
11:31The system does not need an exaggerated expression.
11:34The system can also detect micro-expressions.
11:38Some use cameras that tell them what we think about a product.
11:45If we like it,
11:48or if we don't like it.
11:52But although cameras are very useful sensors for shoppers,
11:55they are nothing compared to something we wear all the time.
12:01Our mobile phone.
12:03They want us to use the unique sensors that are associated with our mobile phone
12:08to find out where to buy it.
12:10How long should we spend in each section of the store?
12:14For stores, our mobile phone is like our fingerprint.
12:17It tells them if we've visited their store before,
12:20and when we were last.
12:23If 10 years ago someone said to me,
12:25do you mind if I place a tracking device
12:28to know where you are, what you read,
12:31where you spend your money, who you talk to,
12:34and what you do 24 hours a day,
12:36would you mind?
12:38We'd say, no way, are you kidding me?
12:42Now people sleep three nights in front of the Apple store
12:45to buy a $800 sensor that does that and a lot more.
12:56In RetailNext, they insist that although they don't ask us for permission to follow them,
13:00our data is completely anonymous.
13:02Unless we say yes.
13:05If we say yes, we allow the companies to know exactly who we are,
13:09and they can follow us and address us in real time.
13:14But this type of tracking didn't start in stores.
13:18It started online.
13:21Online sellers don't have cameras or sensors to follow us.
13:24They don't need them.
13:26They have something else to do.
13:28Cookies.
13:30So, what exactly is a cookie?
13:33And how do companies use it to follow us?
13:36To find out, I spoke to this guy.
13:38It's good.
13:39Lou Montulli invented the cookie in 1994.
13:42The concept is like the little piece of paper
13:44that's inside the fortune cookie.
13:46A cookie is a file,
13:48and the little piece of paper is a strip of text
13:50that has been cut out of a piece of paper.
13:52It's a little piece of paper that has been cut out of a piece of paper.
13:55A cookie is a file,
13:57and the little piece of paper is a strip of text that has been cut out of a piece of paper.
14:00We can't read it,
14:02but the websites can.
14:04Every time we visit them,
14:06the websites put cookies in our computer.
14:08These little files help the websites remember us.
14:12This is what allows us to have things like the shopping carts.
14:15You get this fortune cookie.
14:17You keep it, but you don't know what's inside,
14:19and you don't care.
14:21But when you return to visit the website,
14:23you see the cookie, and the website opens,
14:25and you read a message that says,
14:27oh, I know who you are.
14:29You're the one who wanted to buy the fortune cookie,
14:31so I'll put it in your cart.
14:33That was the idea.
14:35Inoffensive, right?
14:37But something unexpected happened.
14:39Advertisers soon discovered cookies,
14:41and advertising platforms
14:43started using them to follow us.
14:48You start a terrible arms race,
14:51and the arms race is to know
14:53as much as possible about us.
14:56They could talk to advertisers
14:58in a way that had never worked on television,
15:01because the TV is a medium that you watch.
15:06The Internet is a medium that watches you as you watch.
15:13Today, every movement we make online,
15:16every cookie we receive,
15:18becomes part of a virtual profile,
15:20of a personal dossier.
15:24These profiles include information
15:27that we don't even know we're leaking.
15:32I wear a Fitbit because I want to lose weight,
15:35and what that means is that a couple of times a day,
15:38I report my physical activity levels to Fitbit,
15:41which they can now recompile and sell my data
15:44to people who want to put me on a diet.
15:49You get this three-dimensional picture of the person.
15:52We can predict what they're going to do.
15:54They now know exactly who is more likely to be manipulated
15:58to buy certain products.
16:01There are con men who look for old people,
16:04and they know that person has been looking online
16:07for places to invest their retirement money.
16:12And then they get a phone call,
16:14and they say,
16:15look, invest your life savings in these stocks.
16:18And if you have all the data,
16:20you can go get somebody who is weak.
16:23That's the danger right now.
16:26But the emergence of these virtual files
16:28was predicted a long time ago.
16:37This educational film from 1976
16:40predicts a very familiar future.
16:42By the year 2000,
16:44computers will invade our privacy
16:46on a scale hardly imaginable.
16:48They will be interconnected,
16:50and unless prevented by new legislation,
16:52we'll be able to sell information
16:54on where we travel, how much we spend,
16:56and in what restaurants and hotels,
16:58whether and when we pay our bills,
17:00what we do with our evenings, and with whom.
17:03There will be 20 typewritten pages of dossier
17:05on each of 230 million citizens in North America.
17:09Today, our dossier has all that information,
17:13and much, much more.
17:21But the company with the most valuable dossier
17:23is one that we probably use every day.
17:27Google.
17:29Google knows a lot about us
17:31because Google knows our intentions.
17:35And when we think about advertising,
17:38the ads based on intention
17:40are the ones that actually work.
17:45It was not so long ago that people were saying,
17:48how can you think that this company can make money
17:50by revealing the searches?
17:52It was considered a silly idea.
17:55Google's gigantic advertising network,
17:57which includes pop-ups,
17:59generates billions of dollars for the company every month.
18:02In fact, 90% of the company's income
18:04comes from ads,
18:05and Google only makes money if people click.
18:09Now, most of the websites that we visit on the internet
18:12allow Google to spy on us.
18:16Most people love YouTube. I love YouTube.
18:23Why did they purchase YouTube?
18:25Because it gives them more information.
18:28Why did they develop Chrome, a browser?
18:32Why did they develop Android, an operating system?
18:36They're collecting information about us
18:39on more than 60 different platforms,
18:42and we are not aware of this at all.
18:48When was the last time you read a 60-page document?
18:51I guess as you put it, you just clicked on accept.
18:54I should read it.
18:57And when we're not actively online,
18:59it's easy to forget that the Internet of Things
19:01is still watching us.
19:04Everywhere we go,
19:05even if we're not actively using the phone,
19:08it's still listening to us.
19:11Companies are finding very smart ways
19:14to get us to help them with their business.
19:18And if they don't catch us,
19:19they ask our devices to do it.
19:24The devices that are going to be part of our lives,
19:27not just cell phones,
19:29but your smart fridge, your smart car,
19:32all those things are basically going to be
19:35tools for someone to listen to us.
19:43Maybe the most sinister thing of all
19:45is the Barbie doll talking in Chinese.
19:47Introducing a whole new way to play with Barbie.
19:50There's no Barbie doll that, when you turn it on,
19:53will find your Wi-Fi network
19:55and will use the cloud
19:57to have a conversation with you
19:59about your interests.
20:02What do you want to be when you grow up?
20:03I want to be a vet.
20:04That's wonderful.
20:05Wanting to take care of sick animals
20:07is an amazing goal.
20:13I love New York.
20:14Don't you?
20:15Tell me, what's your favorite part about the city?
20:18To me, this is a Barbie doll
20:20designed to interrogate an 8-year-old girl
20:24to get her to tell her stories.
20:26What do you want to be when you grow up?
20:28I want to be a scientist.
20:32You're right, a scientist.
20:34I think science is wonderful.
20:36Why do you want to be a scientist?
20:38Well, I guess because at school
20:40I really liked chemistry and physics.
20:44The study of physics is amazing.
20:46Think about gravity.
20:47You don't see it,
20:48but as soon as you trip, it takes you to the ground.
20:51Have you ever tripped and fallen?
20:53Yes, I've fallen quite a few times in my life, Barbie.
20:58It happens to me all the time.
21:00It's the gravity pulling you down
21:02and sometimes it hurts you.
21:04Wow, you could be the next Marie Curie
21:06or Albert Einstein, right?
21:08I think you're right, Barbie.
21:11I knew you were smart, Cody.
21:16As long as our devices push us forward
21:18to be good consumers,
21:21what would happen if one day, not too far away,
21:24our machines not only encouraged us to buy,
21:26but also offered us a new form of currency,
21:29sharing.
21:31We'll share our tastes, our interests,
21:34and even our private lives.
21:48Sharing your biometric data today, 500 points.
21:56Your biometric data indicates that you haven't slept well.
21:59Are you okay?
22:03Lucy, your boyfriend knows...
22:07that you're pregnant.
22:19However strange this may seem to you now,
22:21it will very quickly become the new normal.
22:31Today, the devices that connect us to the world
22:34also provide us with information.
22:36But none of this would be possible
22:38without the technology of the Second World War
22:41and without the most beautiful woman in the world.
22:44The technology, of course, is wireless.
22:47But the woman?
22:59In 1938, the American public
23:01saw the Austrian actress Hedy Lamarr
23:03as a dynamic and impressive artist.
23:06She was the first woman in the world
23:08to be able to do this.
23:11Funny, I don't have an ear for beauty.
23:14Just an eye for it.
23:20I came here to ask you to marry me.
23:40It has a strange effect on me.
24:10These complex arrangements
24:12included three xylophones, four drums,
24:15three airplane propellers and 16 pianos.
24:20The pianos used paper rolls
24:22with holes to produce the music.
24:26But the rolls of the mechanical ballet were special.
24:29They were synchronized.
24:32Hedy Lamarr realized
24:34that these synchronized paper rolls
24:36were exactly what she needed
24:38for her next invention,
24:40safe radio communication.
24:42Using the pianos as inspiration,
24:44she and Antheil designed a system
24:46called Frequency Jump,
24:48in which a secret message
24:50jumped through the radio frequencies.
24:52To do this, the system used holes
24:54in a roll of paper.
24:56The paper rolls were placed
24:58on the piano,
25:00but these holes
25:02did not control the musical notes,
25:04but the frequencies.
25:10The message was sent fragmented.
25:16And on the receiver's side,
25:18a roll of identical paper
25:20recomposed the message again.
25:23She had done it!
25:25The Frequency Jump made
25:27the transmissions immune
25:29to the curious ears.
25:31Hedy immediately donated
25:33her patent to the army.
25:35But she could not impress
25:37the authorities.
25:39They turned their backs
25:41on the idea of a safe system
25:43of paper rolls.
25:45And her invention remained
25:47forgotten for decades.
25:49But Hedy had the right idea
25:51and it was not lost forever.
25:54It was a gold mine in power.
26:08In the 1980s,
26:10the Frequency Jump was finally declassified.
26:14And the first mobile phones
26:16quickly arrived.
26:22The idea of Hedy Lamarr
26:24started a chain reaction,
26:26an explosion of wireless devices.
26:30Since the year 2000,
26:32the traffic of mobile data
26:34has multiplied by almost 400 million,
26:36and much of this growth
26:38has been in the developed world.
26:40The invention with which Hedy
26:42thought to save the world
26:44has transformed it.
26:47Cultures are jumping
26:49a generation of technology.
26:51In developing cultures,
26:53where there is no telephone,
26:55no drinking water,
26:57no electricity,
26:59now you bring a mobile phone
27:01to the people
27:03and its horizons expand
27:05in an unimaginable way.
27:07In Africa, in 2016,
27:09there were a billion terminals,
27:11which is extraordinary.
27:13The poorest on the planet
27:15can afford a mobile phone.
27:17You can think of people
27:19about yourself,
27:21about national borders,
27:23about education,
27:25about almost everything.
27:27Wireless technology covers the earth
27:29almost like a layer of atmosphere.
27:31Now it is easier
27:33than ever to be connected.
27:35But are we really more connected
27:37with the people around us?
27:39What is the impact of technology
27:41on our lives?
27:43Will interaction always have to go
27:45from place to place?
27:47It is not all benign.
27:51There is more and more noise.
28:01We have to move away from noise.
28:05What if we could live
28:07in a truly silent place,
28:09without all the noise
28:11of wireless technology?
28:13Welcome to the Silent Zone.
28:17We are in what is called
28:19the National Radio Silence Zone.
28:21It is a unique area in North America.
28:25It is 34,000 square kilometers.
28:29The size of Massachusetts
28:31and Connecticut together.
28:33In the center of the Silent Zone
28:35is the town of Green Bank,
28:37West Virginia,
28:39home of the world's largest
28:41The Silent Zone was created
28:43to protect it.
28:45The Green Bank telescope
28:47is a Swiss watch
28:49the size of a football stadium.
28:51But although it is so enormous,
28:53its capacity is measured
28:55in fractions of a millimeter.
28:57We are talking about
28:59a telescope taller
29:01than the Statue of Liberty.
29:05The reflector's surface
29:07is 9,300 square meters.
29:11The bigger the cube,
29:13the more raindrops it can collect.
29:17Today, the telescope
29:19is at the forefront of SETI,
29:21the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
29:23In recent years,
29:25we have discovered with the Green Bank telescope
29:27basic organic molecules,
29:29the kind of things that in a sense
29:31are the pillars of life,
29:33floating in the gas
29:35that is among the stars.
29:37But these discoveries
29:39are not the only ones.
29:43Radio silence
29:45in hundreds of kilometers
29:47in all directions.
29:53Unlike traditional telescopes,
29:55radiotelescopes do not see,
29:57they hear radio waves.
29:59In the 1950s,
30:01astronomers built the telescope here
30:03because it was a silent place.
30:05Ideal to do that,
30:07listen.
30:09The observatory was inaugurated
30:11in the 1950s.
30:13They chose Green Bank specifically.
30:15They said we are the quietest place on earth.
30:17But I don't know.
30:19Maybe this is the last quiet place
30:21that exists.
30:23For residents in Green Bank,
30:25this not only means radio silence,
30:27but also wireless technology silence.
30:29Living in Green Bank has its challenges.
30:31You can't have a wireless phone
30:33and forget about cell phones.
30:35Wireless speakers,
30:37wireless headphones.
30:39The garage doors cause problems.
30:41Electric fences in the garden.
30:43Microwaves.
30:45Bluetooth devices.
30:47Self-driving cars.
30:49PS4, Wii, Nintendo.
30:51A lot of things that we would never think
30:53would cause interference, but they do.
30:55But the biggest threat to the telescope
30:57is the Wi-Fi.
30:59The Wi-Fi here is totally
31:01preventing what we intend to do.
31:03What's also amazing
31:05is that we're beginning to interact
31:07with the Internet
31:09as if it were the only social being
31:11we have in our lives.
31:13And that is
31:15the dangerous part.
31:19Mike's idea made me wonder
31:21what it's like to be a teenager
31:23in a disconnected city.
31:25Do you feel out of place?
31:27A girl who came to the institute
31:29asked me if we had mobile coverage.
31:31I said, I have coverage.
31:33I said, you don't have it.
31:35This is the Green Bank Institute
31:37in the shadow of the Green Bank telescope.
31:39Imagine you're here
31:41and you go to New York or Maryland.
31:43Yeah, they're just staring at their phones
31:45all the time.
31:47Yeah, they're at the show.
31:49Vicky likes my status.
31:51Oh, Bob told me.
31:53I have to answer.
31:55I think if the Internet shut down here
31:57and we didn't have it, we could survive.
31:59I don't care if they're coming and waiting for you.
32:01We can get in the car and go home.
32:03We don't have to call people on the phone.
32:05We go to their house and knock on their door.
32:07Yeah, I like the quiet part.
32:09I like the quiet part.
32:13Sometimes I feel like
32:15we're the control population
32:17of a giant experiment
32:19that the telecommunications industry
32:21is carrying out on humanity.
32:23We are living without the advantages
32:25and the distractions of mobile technology.
32:27I'm basically shocked
32:29at what I see.
32:31I see people sitting next to one another
32:33typing on their little devices
32:35and it gives me the impression
32:37that while I wasn't looking
32:39the whole world has stopped smoking.
32:41Elsewhere,
32:43you're in business all the time
32:45whether you're properly using it
32:47or not,
32:49it's doing something
32:51with your device
32:53even when it's in your pocket.
32:55It's connected to you.
32:57Here you're not connected.
32:59It's interesting to think
33:01that something special has happened here
33:03but it's actually almost the opposite.
33:05Something weird has happened
33:07in all the other places.
33:09Green Bank residents
33:11may enjoy their radio silence
33:13but for the rest of us
33:15living without our mobile devices
33:17would not only be uncomfortable
33:19it would be impossible.
33:21We are also storing our memory
33:23and we depend so much on them
33:25that there's no copy of security.
33:27Most university students
33:29say they can't spend a day
33:31without their devices.
33:33For many people,
33:35the mobile has become a bodily appendix.
33:37They can't be without it.
33:39Information is practically
33:41their third skin.
33:43The library of all human knowledge
33:45is just a screen of us.
33:47We may think
33:49that means we're smarter
33:51but we depend more and more
33:53on machines to think for us.
33:55What used to be research
33:57has now been replaced
33:59by search.
34:01Search on Google.
34:05In 1998, Larry Page
34:07and Sergey Brin
34:09launched Google
34:11to get rid of information on the web.
34:13They did it using algorithms.
34:17They used an algorithm
34:19to make a web index
34:21and another one
34:23to classify the results
34:25of the thousands of millions
34:27of pages of their index.
34:29They gave us the ability
34:31to search effectively
34:33on all the pages
34:35of all the books in the library.
34:37PageRank,
34:39Google's ranking algorithm,
34:41decided which page
34:43would take the first place.
34:45The more links you have,
34:47the more you get.
34:49And that's the secret sauce.
34:51PageRank worked so well
34:53that Google quickly became
34:55synonymous with search.
34:57But although the search results
34:59often reach millions
35:01and even billions,
35:03usually only 10 are important.
35:05Typically, you see 10 search results
35:07on the first page.
35:0950% of our clicks
35:11go to the first two search results.
35:1350%.
35:15And most people
35:17never look beyond the first page.
35:19But what we have discovered
35:21is that search rankings
35:23impact the decisions people make
35:25about everything.
35:27We let Google decide
35:29which is the best information for us.
35:31But with millions of results
35:33that match our search,
35:35why do we get these 10?
35:37Hey, guys.
35:39Today I wanted to give you
35:41my answer to the big question
35:43how to rank number one
35:45in Google.
35:47When Google designed its algorithm,
35:49it inadvertently created
35:51a new industry,
35:53the optimization of search engines.
35:55Today we're going to talk about
35:57Great SEO and what I believe
35:59Google wants.
36:01There's a new Google ranking factor
36:03that's huge right now.
36:05Really sneaky and really,
36:07really clever, that tactic.
36:09So make sure you implement that.
36:11The algorithm is the key
36:13to cracking Google. Now, what if I told you
36:15that we have cracked Google's formula?
36:17All too often, we focus
36:19on beating the Google bot
36:21rather than feeding
36:23the Google bot.
36:41We know that because it's a computer program,
36:43whatever happens,
36:45we can trust it.
36:47The algorithm has to
36:49put things in order.
36:51But what if
36:53the algorithm itself
36:55ends up favoring one candidate
36:57over the other?
36:59Is the activity on Google
37:01creating more interest
37:03in a candidate,
37:05which in turn generates
37:07more votes?
37:09But this problem
37:11is not limited to search engines.
37:13Facebook has run experiments
37:15manipulating the election outcome
37:17and the way they do it
37:19is by encouraging you to go vote.
37:21If Facebook
37:23just sent out voting reminders,
37:25nothing would happen,
37:27but it would send them only
37:29to people from a political party.
37:31If they did that on election day,
37:33they could easily
37:35backlash against Facebook.
37:37A former Facebook insider
37:39calling it, quote,
37:41absolutely biased,
37:43an article posted Monday
37:45said Facebook workers
37:47suppressed conservative-leaning
37:49news stories in its trending section.
37:51People thought it was a scandal
37:53because in a technically neutral system,
37:55human party members
37:57appeared to manipulate it.
37:59But it's absurd to think like that.
38:01There are no technologically neutral systems.
38:03Today, the most advanced algorithms
38:05are called neural networks.
38:09Like dogs,
38:11these artificial intelligences
38:13are not programmed,
38:15but trained.
38:17A process called automatic learning.
38:25The next generation of robots
38:27will learn like an insect
38:29or a baby.
38:35It will bump into things.
38:37It will learn to walk.
38:39It will learn to navigate
38:41around this world
38:43rather than having all the lessons
38:45programmed from the very start.
38:47But with automatic learning,
38:49artificial intelligence
38:51will no longer be completely
38:53under our control.
38:55When machines become as intelligent as we are,
38:57assuming that we are intelligent,
38:59any machine that can make decisions,
39:01choices, which can behave in a way
39:03that is not predictable by its designers,
39:05and there aren't many machines
39:07like this now.
39:09I'm thrilled to be here
39:11to introduce a brand new product.
39:17Using machine learning,
39:19Google Photos understands what's important
39:21and helps you by automatically
39:23organizing your memories.
39:33The people who trained
39:35these artificial intelligence systems
39:37trained them with blank faces.
39:39These weren't necessarily racists,
39:41but their implicit predispositions
39:43when it came to creating
39:45and training these systems
39:47ended up inculcating
39:49an incredible set of supposed racists.
39:51And that a machine can learn
39:53from humans doesn't mean
39:55that they teach it what's right.
39:57As Microsoft learned
39:59with its chatbot, Tay,
40:01it loves to corrupt artificial intelligence.
40:13Even the best algorithms
40:15make huge mistakes.
40:23Tay's designers trained the bot
40:25to improvise based on what people told it.
40:27Algorithms are much more prone
40:29to make mistakes than people
40:31and they can also cheat
40:33much more easily than people.
40:35Soon Tay was ranting about Hitler,
40:37launching racist and anti-feminist attacks.
40:39These systems have
40:41extraordinary blind spots.
40:43This happens all the time.
40:47Algorithms are used for everything,
40:49from admissions at universities,
40:51online appointments,
40:53hiring employees,
40:55loan approvals, stock market investments,
40:57even studies on outbreaks of the flu
40:59and cancer research.
41:01A series of programmed algorithms
41:03are making decisions
41:05without any of us knowing
41:07how to make those decisions
41:09and that's a little scary.
41:11Machines will end up
41:13running my life and everyone else's.
41:15So I'm curious to know how they learn.
41:17And here, at MIT,
41:19they're learning something
41:21that only humans could do so far.
41:23Driving.
41:27Welcome to DuckyTown.
41:41DuckyTown,
41:43the city of little ducks,
41:45may seem simple and pretty
41:47but it has a real mission.
41:49To test the challenges of
41:51unmanned vehicles with the safety
41:53of a miniature scale.
41:55What is the advantage of testing
41:57autonomous vehicles in DuckyTown?
41:59The basic idea is to have this city
42:01where we can easily deploy
42:0350 of these machines in one afternoon
42:05without wasting a lot of time
42:07on logistical problems.
42:09But the problems of
42:11our research persist.
42:13What it's doing now is
42:15using the camera to identify
42:17the lines of the road.
42:19And then when it gets to a crossroad,
42:21it reads the signal and picks
42:23the right direction.
42:25What are the most
42:27complicated problems
42:29when it comes to creating
42:31an autonomous vehicle?
42:33One big problem is that
42:35every element of the environment
42:37has to be perceived in some way.
42:39And that includes pedestrians,
42:41cyclists, other cars.
42:43It's hard to get it right
42:45100% of the time.
42:47Liam has pointed out
42:49all the problems
42:51and what to do
42:53in case of an inevitable accident.
42:57Our autonomous cars
42:59have a lot to learn.
43:01But unlike us,
43:03they learn fast.
43:05Very fast.
43:07There's a new idea
43:09very powerful in robotics
43:11called cloud robotics.
43:13This is the reality that you can
43:15interconnect all the robots
43:17with the internet.
43:19If something happens,
43:21all the robots will know immediately.
43:23And that learning is very different
43:25from human learning.
43:27And it's not science fiction at all.
43:29It's already applied in the world
43:31of autonomous cars.
43:33Today, our robots understand
43:35space and its position in it.
43:37They can move through space,
43:39but not much more.
43:41But what will happen
43:43when the robots can do
43:45everything we do?
43:49This could spell the end
43:51of the human race.
43:53With artificial intelligence,
43:55we are summoning the demon.
43:57You know those stories
43:59where there's the guy
44:01with the pentagram
44:03and the holy water
44:05and he's like,
44:07yeah, you sure you can
44:09control the demon?
44:11Didn't work out.
44:13We should not be confident
44:15in our ability to keep
44:17control of the human race.
44:25Hello.
44:27Hello, how are you?
44:29To learn more about
44:31automatic intelligence,
44:33I've scheduled a video conference
44:35with Kevin Warrick,
44:37professor of cybernetics
44:39at the University of Coventry.
44:41His field is the fusion
44:43of artificial and human intelligence
44:45with artificial intelligence.
44:47Well, if you can't beat them,
44:49join them.
44:51If we take very powerful
44:53artificial intelligence
44:55and we link it to you,
44:57you become part of it.
44:59It becomes part of you
45:01and you add to your band
45:03the power of artificial intelligence
45:05instead of it acting against you.
45:07Kevin has explained to me
45:09that even though humans
45:11and machines seem different,
45:13the cells of the brain
45:15are activated or not,
45:17just as the cells of an
45:19artificial brain of a computer
45:21are activated or not.
45:23Every brain cell is a binary signal
45:25just like in a computer.
45:27We can send brain signals
45:29over the internet
45:31as if it were our nervous system.
45:33Kevin not only studies
45:35the theoretical possibilities
45:37of using the internet
45:39as a nervous system,
45:41but in 2002,
45:43he implanted a matrix of electrodes
45:45in his arm and connected it
45:47to a robotic hand
45:49through the internet,
45:51becoming the first cyborg in the world.
45:55I went to Columbia University
45:57in New York
45:59and the people there helped me
46:01to connect my nervous system
46:03to the internet
46:05and we connected to a robotic hand
46:07in the UK.
46:09When I moved my hand
46:11in New York,
46:13the robotic hand
46:15moved from my brain signals
46:17in the UK.
46:19My brain received signals
46:21from the tips of my fingers
46:23and I was able
46:25to feel how much force
46:27the hand was applying
46:29on a different continent.
46:31It's amazing.
46:33So with the internet and an implant,
46:35your brain and your body
46:37could be in the same place.
46:39That arm could be
46:41reached to extremes
46:43on a different planet.
46:45Do you think that with time
46:47that will lead us to
46:49fusing our nervous systems
46:51in a big network?
46:53Oh, I hope so, yes.
46:55Sincerely.
46:57This cyber network
46:59could help humans
47:01and machines to understand each other better.
47:03I mean, when you look at
47:05the interface
47:07we're using even now,
47:09it's terrible.
47:11The interface we're using even now
47:13are mechanical pressure waves
47:15to communicate.
47:17My brain emits
47:19electrochemical signals
47:21from my hand
47:23and then I convert those
47:25into these codified
47:27trivial pressure waves.
47:29It's terrible, really.
47:31I mean, we've got to adapt
47:34Some have called this improvement
47:36the singularity.
47:39The point without return.
47:42Since the birth of artificial intelligence
47:44we've wondered
47:46when artificial intelligence would reach us.
47:48Perhaps the time will come
47:50when we and the machines
47:52will pass in opposite directions
47:54and there will be a transition point
47:56where we can't say we're a man and a machine
47:58or a machine and a man.
48:01But the question is
48:03how will life be after the singularity?
48:08We'll take a pill
48:10that will work by itself
48:12it will connect to our visual cortex
48:14to our auditory system
48:16to the rest of our brain
48:18and well, it will put us on the internet.
48:20Our brain will interact
48:22with all the chips in the room.
48:31We'll enter our room
48:33we'll turn on the lights
48:35and also the internet.
48:40We'll just blink
48:42and see all the information
48:44we need to do our daily activities.
48:50It's going to change
48:52where we think we end up
48:54and where the world begins.
48:56Because more and more
48:58we'll end up in our own
49:00personalised universe.
49:06We're all going to end up
49:08in a software of artificial intelligence.
49:12We'll give permission to artificial intelligence
49:14to listen to all our conversations
49:16and read all our emails
49:18control our biometric data
49:20and that's the mission of artificial intelligence
49:22to make our lives better.
49:25But when the singularity arrives
49:27machine intelligence
49:29will quickly escape our control.
49:34As soon as a computer wakes up
49:36so to speak,
49:38having access to the internet
49:40having access to everything
49:42all human knowledge
49:44will transform into something else.
49:50If we live in a world of super intelligent robots
49:52if we're very lucky
49:54they'll treat us like pets.
49:56However, if we're not lucky
49:58they'll treat us like food.
50:02Me, I want to be a pet.
50:08I call it Internet Internido.
50:10We have a nest
50:12for the first
50:14artificial intelligence
50:16that arises.
50:22When you talk about unintended consequences
50:24we end up with something
50:26that we think is very good
50:28but it isn't.
50:32I think if we think about how much
50:34we depend on the invisible systems
50:36that surround us every day
50:38and provide us so much
50:40we're
50:42in a crossroads.
50:44What if the internet doesn't enslave us?
50:46What if it instead becomes
50:48the light that guides us?
50:56From the moment of our birth
50:58we'll look for wisdom and beauty
51:00in it.
51:06We'll look for the truth
51:08in it.
51:14It'll see our strengths
51:16and encourage them.
51:20It'll guide us
51:22to develop all our potential.
51:28And it'll offer answers
51:30to our big questions.
51:34As human beings
51:36we've always wanted to understand
51:38our connection to the internet.
51:40As human beings
51:42we've always wanted to understand
51:44our connection to the cosmos.
51:46Our place in the universe.
51:50Maybe our greatest creation
51:52the internet
51:58will one day return us the favor
52:02and enlighten us.