八点最热报 | 美联储相隔四年后前三天首次宣布降息，这也是美国加息周期最久的一次。自从美国在上世纪70年代，美元与黄金脱钩，摆脱了黄金枷锁后，美元就此走上了霸权之路，靠着一轮又一轮加息降息所形成的“美元潮汐”，影响世界经济，大马也曾是其中一个受害者。最痛苦的例子是1997年的亚洲金融危机。（主播：梁宝仪）
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01:00Professor Lin Fuyan of the Department of Economics and Professor Zhong Zhiqiang of the Department of Economics of Laman University
01:04Both of them think that there is no evidence to prove that the U.S. continues to increase interest rates in order to destroy China's economy.
01:12Even if the U.S. really has this intention, it is difficult to do.
01:16After all, this is the practice of killing 1,000 enemies and losing 800.
01:20What's more, China and the U.S. have the same national strength.
01:23In addition, China's political system is also different from other countries.
01:27If the U.S. wants to destroy China's economy by increasing interest rates, it will first destroy its domestic markets and enterprises.
01:35However, as the largest economy in the world, plus the U.S. dollar is the main currency in the world,
01:41increasing interest rates in the U.S. will still hit the economy of a global nation.
01:45For example, Sri Lanka, a middle- and high-income country in Southeast Asia,
01:50has become the first new market country to go bankrupt in the U.S.-LinkedIn increase in interest rates.
01:56Looking back at history, Sri Lanka was not the first country to suffer from U.S. dollar increase in interest rates.
02:02In the early 1980s, the U.S. used a large increase in interest rates to fight domestic inflation and promote U.S. dollar inflation,
02:09thereby promoting U.S. dollar return and increasing global loan costs.
02:13This caused a debt crisis in 16 Latin American countries, causing economic stagnation and poverty.
02:19In the 1990s, in order to curb domestic inflation, the U.S. Fed increased interest rates seven times in 13 months.
02:27As the U.S. dollar continued to grow, it returned to the U.S.,
02:30which became a key factor in the Southeast Asian financial crisis.
02:34At that time, the U.S. dollar was also one of the victims.
02:37Lin Fuyan believes that the U.S. dollar is the world's main currency, and the global economy depends on the U.S. dollar.
02:43However, the U.S. did not take the corresponding responsibility,
02:46and instead used U.S. dollar hegemony to increase and decrease interest rates,
02:49which has always been based on domestic demand,
02:51without taking into account the economic development cycle of other countries.
02:55The U.S. dollar's position in international currency has enjoyed great popularity,
02:59but the crisis is borne by other countries.
03:02U.S. Secretary of the Treasury John Connolly even said,
03:08the U.S. dollar is our currency, but it is your problem.
03:14The U.S. dollar began to have a cycle of influence in the 1980s.
03:18In the 1980s, countries like South America and Latin America were affected.
03:24It is a pity that some of them went from advanced countries to low-income countries.
03:28In the 1990s, we are most familiar with Malaysia.
03:31When our economy was about to take off and become an advanced country,
03:36the so-called gold-mining crisis occurred.
03:39Since the U.S. dollar decoupled from gold in the 1970s,
03:44the U.S. dollar has taken the path of hegemony.
03:47The U.S. dollar has been influencing the world economy
03:51by increasing and decreasing interest rates.
03:53Malaysia used to be one of the victims.
03:56The most painful example is the 1997 Asian financial crisis.
04:00One of the factors that triggered this storm was the U.S. dollar's rapid increase in interest rates.
04:05The Chinese financial community called it a harvest of leeks.
04:36The U.S. dollar has also disrupted the Malaysian economy.
04:41The U.S. dollar has limited our so-called middle-income countries to today.
04:45The U.S. dollar has had a great impact.
04:47Professor Lin Fuyan, a professor at the University of Northeast China, said
04:50the U.S. dollar has taken the path of hegemony.
04:52The U.S. dollar has caused the financial chain of other countries to break down.
04:56After some countries were forced to sell their assets,
04:59the U.S. dollar has taken the path of hegemony again.
05:01The U.S. dollar has caused the U.S. dollar to flow into middle-income countries
05:05and to buy their assets at a low price.
05:07This has created a vicious cycle in other emerging countries.
05:11I remember that after the financial crisis,
05:14a Korean entrepreneur said during an interview that
05:20he had not gone to the U.S. for decades.
05:24He had established a company and went public.
05:29So his price fell to the ground.
05:31Then the U.S. dollar came in and bought his company's stocks.
05:34He became the boss.
05:35So he worked hard and sold his stocks to others.
05:38However, Professor Zhong Zhijiang, a professor at the University of Ramana, said
05:41the U.S. dollar's rise and fall has affected global capital flows.
05:45But for those countries where money and the economy cannot bear the rise and fall of the U.S. dollar,
05:50their own economic foundations are quite fragile and problematic.
05:53The rise and fall of the U.S. dollar is just a push to worsen the situation,
05:56turning oil and gas into the last straw that can crush a camel to death.
06:00Over the past few years, only Sri Lanka and this country have gone bankrupt.
06:05This is because of the rise and fall of the U.S. dollar,
06:07which has caused the currency price to fall too high.
06:10The depreciation of the currency has caused a negative impact.
06:14However, if the U.S. dollar falls,
06:17if your bonds or national debt is based on the U.S. dollar,
06:23it will be beneficial to you.
06:25The U.S. dollar will not allow you to go bankrupt,
06:27and from the brink of bankruptcy, it will become the last straw.
06:30To this extent, there is no precedent.
06:32It is just the last straw that can crush a camel to death.
06:36If you have a good economy,
06:39no matter if the U.S. dollar rises or falls,
06:42it will not have a big impact on the national debt.
06:49Professor Lin Fuyan, a professor at the University of Ramana, said
06:52that the U.S. abuse of dollar hegemony
06:55has caused many countries to feel pressure
06:57and have no choice but to bear higher trade costs.
07:00This also makes more and more countries
07:01begin to take various practical actions,
07:03especially in developing countries,
07:05to accelerate the process of de-dollarization
07:08through diversified currency reserves
07:10to seek to get rid of dollar hegemony.
07:13Foreign media even described
07:15the process of world de-dollarization
07:17as though it could not be completed overnight,
07:19but it is obvious that
07:21the movement that has already begun
07:23will be irreversible.