(Adnkronos) - In questo numero:
La psicoanalista Adelia Lucattini, nuovo anno passaggio importante, per viverlo bene fondamentale trasformare desideri in progetti e non essere soli
Hiv: la ricercatrice Roberta Gagliardini dello Spallanzani: 'sogno è eradicazione. Grazie a terapia migliorata la qualità della vita'
Sansalone dell’università Tor Vergata di Roma, impianto sfintere artificiale gold standar per incontinenza urinaria da prostatectomia radicale
Come funziona il cervello dei bimbi? Studio piega le differenze tra maschi e femmine
A seguire lo Speciale Salus Tv dal titolo: 'Noi e Nina', cortometraggio racconta come i clowndottori regalano sorrisi ai piccoli pazienti
La psicoanalista Adelia Lucattini, nuovo anno passaggio importante, per viverlo bene fondamentale trasformare desideri in progetti e non essere soli
Hiv: la ricercatrice Roberta Gagliardini dello Spallanzani: 'sogno è eradicazione. Grazie a terapia migliorata la qualità della vita'
Sansalone dell’università Tor Vergata di Roma, impianto sfintere artificiale gold standar per incontinenza urinaria da prostatectomia radicale
Come funziona il cervello dei bimbi? Studio piega le differenze tra maschi e femmine
A seguire lo Speciale Salus Tv dal titolo: 'Noi e Nina', cortometraggio racconta come i clowndottori regalano sorrisi ai piccoli pazienti
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NewsTranscript
00:00In this issue, the psychoanalyst Delia Lucattini, new year, important step, to live it well
00:17it is essential to transform desires into projects and not to be alone.
00:21HIV, the researcher Roberta Gagliardini dello Spallanzani, dream is eradication thanks
00:27to therapy improved the quality of life, and again, San Salone dell'Università Tor Vergata
00:33di Roma, gold standard artificial sphincter system for urinary incontinence from prostatectomy
00:40radical.
00:41How does the brain of the dindy work?
00:43Study explains the differences between male and female.
00:46To follow the special Salus TV from the title, us and Nina, short film tells how the clown
00:53doctors give smiles to small patients.
00:56The end and the beginning of a new year represent an important moment of transition.
01:05It is taken into account with what has been done and experienced in the year just finished
01:08and with what is expected to happen in the course of the new year, and this can have
01:13strong repercussions both on the state of mind and on the psyche of each of us.
01:17It is therefore important to know how to better face this period.
01:21To understand it, we asked the help of psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Adelia Lucattini, member
01:26of the Italian psychoanalytic society SPI and IPA, the International Psychoanalytical
01:31Association.
01:32But first, let's try to understand better why the New Year is an important rite of passage.
01:37The New Year has a great symbolic value, because it allows us to make considerations
01:42about the past and opens to the future.
01:45It is a moment in which you can find the courage, the strength and the confidence to renew
01:51purposes, perhaps the same as every year, but with more energy and without a doubt with
01:58joy.
01:59And how can we face the new year with confidence?
02:01It is essential to have desires, cultivate them and transform them into projects, in order
02:08to convey a change in one's life that is not sudden, traumatic or dictated by the
02:15sense of duty, but that reaches within oneself, in emotions, in passion, in desires,
02:23and that these changes have a turning point in life, in study, in work, in friendships.
02:30Not only an inner change that clearly precedes it, but a project of a change
02:36of life.
02:37It is without a doubt a revitalizing element and that allows us to face the coming year
02:45with confidence, but also with hope and with pleasure, which is a very strong engine that
02:54guides the real possibility of a transformation, of which we all feel the need, and that the
03:01new year offers us as a starting point to be able to take it, cultivate it and realize it.
03:08A little more specifically, what should we do?
03:11In order not to start already discouraged or with the fear of not being able to carry out
03:16our projects, we must not be alone.
03:19It is necessary to leave bad habits and think about having a healthier diet,
03:25to practice a sport, to hang out with friends, but above all to fight sadness, melancholy,
03:33depression, impulsiveness or even agitation that may have characterized the previous year.
03:39It is necessary to get help from friends, from family and even from a professional, from an
03:45analyst, because changing is difficult and new habits are not acquired in a month.
03:51It takes perseverance, it takes time.
03:53You have to choose small, feasible goals, understand why you really want to change,
03:59if you want to go to the gym, if you want to change your diet, if you want to have more friends,
04:03but why?
04:04For ourselves, to feel better, to feel more in shape.
04:08This must be understood deeply.
04:10The goals must also be written, you have to keep a diary and know that being well,
04:16being happy is also possible in a natural way.
04:20This allows us to completely leave bad habits, but at the same time it is necessary,
04:28to favor this change, to have someone who is by our side, who can be a friend,
04:33who can be a group that shares this idea, who is ready to support us in times of difficulty.
04:39The new year, which is a long year ahead, allows us to do so and it is the moment
04:46in which it is possible to start a process that will lead us to feel better and to maintain
04:52and consolidate this well-being, always next to someone.
04:56There can always be tense hands, the important thing is to ask.
05:05In 2023, 2,349 new HIV-infected diagnoses were reported,
05:10equivalent to an incidence of 4 new diagnoses per 100,000 residents.
05:14Since 2015, the number of people diagnosed with HIV has been increasing.
05:20To explain this, Dr. Roberta Gaiardini, a young researcher and medical director
05:24at the Complete Operational Unit for Viral Immunodeficiency
05:28of the Lazaro Spallanzani National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Rome,
05:32commented on the latest update of the Institute of Health on new HIV cases in Italy.
05:38From 2012 to 2020, there was a decrease in the number of new HIV-infected diagnoses,
05:44but from 2021 to today we have seen a progressive increase.
05:49What is striking is that in recent years, since 2015,
05:53the proportion of people diagnosed with HIV has been increasing.
05:59These are the so-called presenters, who today represent 60% of new diagnoses in Italy,
06:05which is a higher figure than the European average.
06:08In Lazio, in 2023, the number of new HIV-infected diagnoses was just under 350,
06:14with the highest incidence in Italy.
06:16At Spallanzani, in this field, we are working hard on prevention
06:20at all levels of the HIV test to increase early diagnoses,
06:24to promote access to preventive therapies,
06:28to quickly start therapy for all people with new diagnoses,
06:33with the aim of maintaining the viral success in as many people as possible.
06:38And for the achievement of all these goals, it is evident how important research is.
06:44Why do research in the field of HIV?
06:46First of all, because it is a field in great evolution,
06:48it is an area in which in recent decades enormous scientific progress has been made,
06:52which has transformed a disease of high mortality into a chronic pathology,
06:57today treatable with drugs by the administration, absolutely simple,
07:01and whose treatment is the backbone of our prevention instruments,
07:05because today we know well how those who correctly take therapy
07:08and have zero viral load do not transmit the infection.
07:12There are many obstacles to be reached in the field of HIV research.
07:16The final goal, globally, is that of eradication,
07:20clearly the eradication of the disease, but the journey is long.
07:23Today's concrete goals are, first of all, to improve the quality of life of HIV-infected people,
07:29to optimize antiretroviral therapy in different ways,
07:34and to be able to zero viral load even in the most difficult cases,
07:38I think of patients with multiresistant virus,
07:40or patients with limited adherence and limited compliance,
07:44offering innovative therapies and management models.
07:47The urinary incontinence is an important and serious problem that can concern people of both sexes
08:01and that can condition the quality of life of those who suffer from it.
08:05As for men, this condition is often the consequence of a radical prostatectomy,
08:11which involves the removal of the prostate following the presence, for example, of a prostate tumor.
08:17A collateral effect is the incontinence of which the patient is informed before the intervention
08:23and which, as Professor Salvatore Sansalone,
08:26urologist and andrologist at the University of Torbergata in Rome,
08:29consultant to the Ministry of Health and co-founder in the capital of Uroclinic,
08:34can be verified between 14 and 20% of cases.
08:38The patient does not have to worry because we have a solution.
08:43Today, the gold standard in the treatment of urinary incontinence is the implant of the artificial sphincter.
08:50It consists of three elements, mainly a cap that is placed around the urethra,
08:56a small paravesical tank and a pump at the scrotal level.
09:02Normally, the cap that is found in the urethra
09:05tightens the urethra, preventing the urination to come out.
09:09When the patient has the stimulus to urinate,
09:12he presses a small button of the pump positioned at the scrotal level,
09:17the cap opens and the injection takes place spontaneously.
09:22Once finished, the cap is automatically closed and the patient returns to the continent normally.
09:30But is it difficult to implant this device and can it cause complications?
09:35It is a surgical intervention, generally within less than an hour it is implanted.
09:42The complications that can be verified are minimal.
09:46The important thing is the quality of life of the patient.
09:49The incontinent patient finds it really convenient to have to live a daily life,
09:54constantly with diapers, for example.
09:57Implanting a sphincter today would involve a resolution of the problem,
10:03but also a good physical condition of the patient to fully resume his activity.
10:12Who can be subjected to this type of intervention and is it expensive?
10:16All patients are eligible.
10:19There is no age range or less.
10:23Obviously, the limit in the implantation of the sphincter is to have a good manuality,
10:32in order to then have to press and press the pump to be able to open the cap and be able to urinate.
10:39Currently, everyone can access the implantation of the artificial sphincter
10:44through the national health care system.
10:48But there is a strong limit.
10:50With such a high cost, not all structures can implant a certain number of sphincters.
10:58Most likely, some structures are authorized for one or two implants per year.
11:03It travels around 8,000 or 9,000, sometimes even 10,000 euros per implant.
11:09It is obvious that if we made a calculation in relation to the years,
11:15the life expectancy of these patients,
11:17for example, using two or three implants per day,
11:22multiplying them by 30 and multiplying them by 12,
11:26and multiplying them for all the years of the patient's life,
11:29it is obvious that within two or three years,
11:35the cost of the artificial sphincter would be compensated.
11:45He is often distracted.
11:47She is focused and meditates already as a child.
11:49Men and women seem to think differently already as children.
11:53But what does science say?
11:54And how does the baby's brain really work?
11:57He tried to answer these questions
11:59a study by the Department of General Psychology of the University of Padua,
12:03carried out in collaboration with the Irx and Eugenio Medea of Conegliano in the province of Treviso
12:08and with the University of Cambridge in England.
12:11The research published on human brain mapping
12:14suggests that in small children,
12:16the brain activity at rest, which is connected to cognitive functioning,
12:20changes according to sex.
12:22The authors, explained by the association La Nostra Famiglia,
12:25headed by Irx and Eugenio Medea,
12:28have shown first of all that there is a relationship
12:31between neural functioning in resting conditions,
12:34the so-called resting state,
12:36in which the brain is not engaged in active cognitive activities or specific tasks,
12:41and the daily cognitive functioning in preschool children between 4 and 6 years old.
12:47Scientists have then shown that stability,
12:50duration and direction of brain communications,
12:53that is, the way in which information is transmitted and processed
12:57within a single area or between different areas of the brain,
13:01in the absence of cognitive requirements,
13:03do not change within the age range considered,
13:06but differ according to biological sex.
13:09Cognitive requirements, scientists clarify,
13:12refer to the challenges and challenges that our brain has to face
13:16to process information, solve problems, make decisions
13:20and perform activities that require attention and concentration.
13:23They can vary in intensity and complexity
13:25and are fundamental in the development of cognitive skills,
13:29especially in children.
13:30Well, given these requirements,
13:32males show a more variable and less predictable brain activity,
13:37also characterized by a greater activation of the default mood network,
13:42the circuit associated with mind wandering,
13:45the so-called head in the clouds.
13:47On the contrary, females activate more often the prefrontal areas,
13:51mostly associated with the ability to concentrate and cognitive activation.
13:56Finally, based on questionnaires compiled by parents,
13:59researchers have observed that children and girls
14:02who activate the prefrontal areas more
14:04show a better behavioral and emotional regulation,
14:08while those who activate the default mood network more often
14:11have greater difficulties.
14:13Two of the main goals of this study
14:16is to understand if and how the child's brain activity at rest
14:20differs based on biological sex and age,
14:23and to examine if this activity was able to predict
14:26any emotional behavioral problems
14:29or related to executive functions,
14:31that is, those mental abilities that help us plan
14:34and carry out actions.
14:36To do this, researchers explain,
14:38an innovative machine learning technique
14:41called Hidden Markov Models
14:44was used for the first time in this age group,
14:47applied to high-resolution electroencephalography data,
14:51which allowed to identify which areas of the brain communicate with each other
14:56and how these communications change in very fast times,
14:59in the order of milliseconds.
15:01These results, the researchers emphasize,
15:04could have significant implications,
15:06in particular for neurodevelopmental disorders,
15:09such as autism and attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity,
15:13identifying potential neural targets in rehabilitation processes.
15:17And this could facilitate personalized therapeutic approaches,
15:21especially in preschool,
15:23a crucial phase for cognitive development.
15:31They don't give injections,
15:33they don't prescribe medicines,
15:35and they don't stimulate diagnosis,
15:37but they still manage to make the small patients and their relatives feel better.
15:41They are clandestines,
15:42professionals trained to alleviate children's recovery in the hospital.
15:45Their activity is dedicated to the short film titled
15:48Noi & Nina,
15:49which was presented in preview on October 20th last year by Soho House Rome.
15:52Written by Simona Sparaco,
15:54already nominated for the Best Actress for Nessuno Sa Di Noi,
15:57directed by Sascha Ippoliti and Evelina Manna,
15:59the short film is produced by Moody Production,
16:01to introduce the story of Mattia,
16:03a child with big blue eyes,
16:05and he to tell how the mother
16:07walks into the hospital department to make the little patients laugh.
16:10Equipped with a suitcase full of magical instruments,
16:13musical instruments,
16:14puppets and funny objects.
16:16In addition to the narration,
16:17the short film also gives voice to those who, in everyday life,
16:20offer a special medicine to these little sick people.
16:23The smile.
16:24They are the artists of the association Magica Burla ETS,
16:27who choose to work in contexts where this type of entertainment
16:30can alleviate suffering.
16:32I started being a clown doctor because
16:34many, many years ago,
16:36over 20,
16:38I had a health problem.
16:40And one morning I found myself at the polyclinic,
16:43and at a certain point there were two children in front of me,
16:45and I started listening to them,
16:47to waste time.
16:48And instead of talking about cartoons,
16:50about their favorite dolls,
16:53they started saying,
16:54what are you doing this morning?
16:55Ah, I'm doing the prelieve.
16:57Ah, really?
16:58Damn, I'm doing chemotherapy,
17:00so today we won't be together.
17:02I said,
17:03but how is it possible that children of this age
17:05can talk about this stuff?
17:08I said,
17:09I have to be able to do something for them.
17:11Then I discovered that there was a convention,
17:13the first national clown therapy convention.
17:17My teacher of theatrical improvisation at the time
17:20told me,
17:21come and do animation with me,
17:23there is this convention.
17:24I said yes right away.
17:25And from that moment,
17:27since 2000,
17:29I started studying,
17:31I became one of the first clown doctors in Italy,
17:34and now I'm still here.
17:36Who is the clown doctor?
17:37The clown doctor for us is
17:39an angel
17:41who has the task, the power,
17:43to enter a hospital
17:44and change the energy that is there.
17:47Thanks to our presence
17:49and to the contribution of doctors,
17:51to the collaboration of the entire hospital staff,
17:54the teachers,
17:55the primary school,
17:56the health department,
17:57little by little we can,
17:59using what is there,
18:01transform the energy of families.
18:03And let's see how much our presence
18:05helps children to distract themselves,
18:08but it also helps parents a lot.
18:10There are numerous scientific studies
18:12that observe the effectiveness of clown therapy.
18:14The results show how,
18:15in addition to reducing the discomfort
18:16and emotional suffering of children,
18:18the therapy of the smile can determine
18:20a reduction of pain,
18:21fear, stress and anxiety,
18:23and therefore the consumption of analgesics and sedatives.
18:26It is estimated that from 40 to 83.3% of children
18:29have high levels of anxiety before anesthesia.
18:32And if not managed properly,
18:34anxiety can lead to a decrease
18:36in the use of anesthetic drugs
18:37before and during the intervention,
18:39which is associated with major complications post-operative
18:41such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue,
18:43tachycardia or respiratory problems.
18:45Among the non-pharmacological methods,
18:47therapeutic humor is therefore the most used
18:49healing approach to restore
18:51the psychological well-being of children in the hospital.
18:54At the biological level, then,
18:55the literature shows that laughing
18:57relaxes the muscles,
18:58increases the absorption of oxygen,
19:00the levels of immunoglobulin A,
19:01and also stimulates the immune system.
19:03In other words, laughing is good for the little ones,
19:05as underlined by Nina herself,
19:07one of the voices that gives the title to the short film.
19:09Former patient of the pediatric hospital
19:11Bambino Gesù di Roma,
19:12today the girl is 25 years old,
19:14lives in the capital
19:15and is a student of computer biology.
19:17I am a former patient
19:19of the department of oncomatology
19:21and I came up with the photos
19:23I had taken at that time
19:25and I realized when I saw them
19:28what actually
19:31the clown doctors
19:33did for me at that time.
19:37Because in all these photos
19:39I had the red nose
19:43that they had given me
19:45in the hospital
19:48and
19:51of all the games I had at home
19:54that had been given to me,
19:59I
20:01played with that red nose
20:04and I even put it on my cat
20:08who was my companion.
20:11She wears the colorful shirt,
20:13the clown nose,
20:14and in the hospital she is called
20:15doctor Milou instead,
20:17and Daria Vitelli,
20:18clown doctor for magic and mockery.
20:19In life there are many things,
20:21I am a mother of two beautiful children
20:24and I am also a clown doctor.
20:28When I am in the hospital
20:29I am doctor Milou
20:30and the task of us clown doctors
20:32is to de-dramatize
20:33all the sanitary practices
20:35and make them a little lighter
20:37for the children who are
20:38hospitalized in our departments.
20:40We clown doctors
20:41arrive at the department
20:43and knock on the door,
20:44we ask permission
20:45before entering each room
20:47and we are the only figures
20:48that can be refused,
20:51but we are almost never refused.
20:54When we enter the rooms
20:56each tool becomes something else,
20:59a syringe can become
21:01a musical instrument,
21:03the soap bubbles
21:04make everything more poetic,
21:06the bed rings,
21:07the closet rings
21:08because everything is magical,
21:10because the children hospitalized
21:11are magical
21:12and it is precisely that magic
21:13that makes it possible
21:15that they too
21:16can heal a little earlier.
21:19This was our last news,
21:21to contact us
21:22you can write to
21:23salute-adnchronos.com
21:26Thank you for following us
21:27and see you next time.
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