Curieux à propos du mystère de Stonehenge ? Des scientifiques ont enfin déchiffré le code derrière cette merveille ancienne, et c’est bien plus fascinant que vous ne pourriez le penser ! Dans cette vidéo, nous plongerons dans les dernières découvertes concernant qui l’a construit, pourquoi, et comment ils ont réalisé un exploit si incroyable il y a des milliers d’années. Vous découvrirez les secrets surprenants cachés dans les pierres et comment ils se rapportent aux gens et aux paysages des temps anciens. Que vous soyez passionné d’histoire ou simplement amateur d’une bonne énigme, cette vidéo est à ne pas manquer. Alors, installez-vous confortablement et préparez-vous à découvrir la vérité sur l'un des plus grands casse-têtes du monde—Stonehenge vous attend ! Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
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FunTranscript
00:00Recently, scientists made an amazing discovery that could solve the mystery of Stonehenge.
00:05They found a hidden element at the bottom of the DNA of the Sarsen stones,
00:10the huge monoliths present on the site.
00:12This discovery could reveal why our ancestors of the Neolithic designed and built this structure.
00:18For years, scientists have been digging their heads to find out where the huge Sarsen stones come from.
00:25For a long time, they thought it came from a quarry located 25 km from the site,
00:30known as Marlborough Downs.
00:33On this site, they found minerals similar to those that make up the Sarsen stones.
00:38But in reality, things are more complex than we thought.
00:42Our understanding of the construction of Stonehenge is constantly evolving.
00:46Scientists literally have to go back in time to unravel these mysteries.
00:51Where do the stones come from? How were they transported?
00:54Why was the site built?
00:56The Stonehenge site, located in the Salisbury Plain in England,
01:00is made up of two large types of stones.
01:03There are the Sarsen stones, very heavy, and the blue stones, smaller and lighter.
01:09The Sarsen stones each weigh about 25 tons.
01:13This is equivalent to three African elephants.
01:15The heaviest Sarsen stone, called Heelstone, weighs only 30 tons.
01:21Together, the Sarsen stones form the outer circle of the structure.
01:25Inside this circle, you will find the blue stones.
01:29Their name may be a little misleading, because they are not really blue.
01:33They have a bluish tint when they have just been broken, hence their name.
01:37These small stones probably come from the hills of Presley,
01:40in the southwest of Wales, about 240 km from Stonehenge.
01:45They are a little lighter than the Sarsen stones, but still quite heavy.
01:49The Heelstone, classified among the blue stones, is the heaviest of them,
01:54with a weight of about 6 tons.
01:56Its origin is not yet known.
01:59To determine the origin of a stone, scientists must first study its composition.
02:04To do this, they check the DNA of the rock.
02:07Then, they cut the structure of the stone with the minerals present in the soil,
02:12to see if there is concordance.
02:14Most of the Sarsen stones that we see in southern England
02:18are actually made up of a type of grit known as silcrete.
02:22It is a sand hardened by underground waters for millions of years.
02:27This process is mainly produced during a period called the Paleogene,
02:31some 65 to 23 million years ago.
02:35These Sarsen stones were not formed in a single large plate,
02:40as if nature had created small stone gardens everywhere.
02:44Scientists explain that the Sarsen stones spread randomly,
02:49often in isolated areas.
02:51Over time, many of them were buried under layers of clay and grit,
02:55which contributed to their preservation.
02:58When the builders of Antiquity set out in search of materials,
03:01these stones probably seemed perfect to them
03:04for the construction of a structure as impressive as Stonehenge.
03:07In fact, we have used Sarsen stones in all kinds of works,
03:11from Roman villas to medieval churches,
03:13through road borders and cultural walls.
03:16We could say that these stones were the favorite material of the builders of Antiquity
03:21and that they continued to be popular even in the modern era.
03:24This led scientists to wonder if all the Sarsen stones
03:28used to build Stonehenge did not come from the same place.
03:32They identified sites throughout the United Kingdom,
03:35in regions such as Oxfordshire and Kent.
03:38After hundreds of years of study,
03:40geologists finally have the appropriate type of technology
03:43to determine the origin of the stones.
03:46I would like to tell you that this is a secret place,
03:49very far from the site.
03:51But it turned out that the Sarsen stones actually come from Westwoods,
03:55a forest located very close to Stonehenge.
03:58A new factor came into play when excavations revealed stone holes,
04:02indicating that at least 6 pillars of blue stone
04:05had been removed from the hills of Preselie on the site of Woundmen during prehistory.
04:10There was a stone circle there,
04:12and we think that some of Stonehenge's rocks
04:15were recovered in this older circle.
04:17If this is true, it could be that Stonehenge
04:20is part of a much larger set of ancient sites.
04:23If this is the case, Stonehenge would only be the cherry on top
04:27of a larger project.
04:29A bit like the masterpiece of a landscape of monuments,
04:32mounds, stone circles and other very impressive things.
04:37This is why scientists absolutely want to know where the stones come from.
04:42This could allow us to understand why and how Stonehenge was built.
04:47Stonehenge did not appear overnight.
04:50It was built in several stages over hundreds of years.
04:53It was probably not the work of one person,
04:56but of a large community project that evolved over time.
05:00Each generation of builders brought their own ideas,
05:03creating a structure that would last for centuries.
05:06The first step dates back to about 3,100 BC.
05:10A circular ditch was dug,
05:12and some blue stones were installed,
05:14forming a kind of starting ring.
05:17Later, they added the stones of Sarsen
05:19and even overhauled some of them with horizontal stones
05:23in order to form these famous arches that you see today,
05:27what are called the trillites.
05:29These builders of antiquity had many challenges to face.
05:32How did they move the stones?
05:34An old theory, known as the road of ice,
05:38suggests that the stones were moved on natural paths
05:41and glazed over several winters.
05:44They would have simply made the stones slide to Stonehenge.
05:48But we are talking about a distance of more than 160 km,
05:52so it's pretty unlikely.
05:54Anyway, this theory was denied
05:57because it was warmer at the time than it is today.
06:00There is also the theory of the river.
06:03The stones would have been transported by waterway
06:06from their extraction site to the site.
06:09But the stones of Sarsen are far too heavy for that.
06:12This theory has therefore also been abandoned.
06:15Clearly, no one knows how the stones were moved.
06:19Research conducted at Stonehenge
06:21revealed another interesting scientific element.
06:24A recent laser examination of the stones
06:26revealed the different methods of work used
06:29and showed that some parts of the monument
06:31were more carefully worked than others.
06:34In particular, the northeast side
06:36and the internal faces of the central trillites
06:38were meticulously carved.
06:40For your information, a trillite is a structure made up of three stones.
06:44Two huge monoliths are surmounted by a third that connects them.
06:48In Greek, this word simply means
06:50who has three stones.
06:52Anyway, the big question
06:54and the reason why Stonehenge is so famous
06:57is to know why it was built in the first place.
07:00Theories go a long way
07:02and some seem straight out of a series of science fiction.
07:06Here is a brief overview of the most popular ideas.
07:09There is of course the theory of the solar calendar.
07:12It assumes that the stones are aligned on the movements of the sun,
07:15especially during solstices in summer and winter.
07:18During the summer solstice,
07:20the sun rises to the left of the Heel Stone,
07:23the only stone outside the main circle,
07:25thus illuminating the entire monument.
07:28Some say that this is a kind of ancient calendar
07:31allowing to mark the longest and shortest days of the year.
07:35Some archaeologists believe that Stonehenge
07:37could have been an ancient healing site.
07:40Pieces of blue stone bear traces of burin,
07:43probably made by people who believed
07:45that they could cure diseases.
07:47According to a theory,
07:49people came to Stonehenge from all over the country
07:51in the hope of finding a cure for their illness.
07:54Some think that Stonehenge was a very popular place,
07:57a place where people gathered.
08:00Some evidence suggests that communities
08:02very far from each other
08:04met in Stonehenge for celebrations,
08:07festivities and ceremonies.
08:09An examination of the bones found nearby
08:12shows that people sometimes traveled hundreds of kilometers
08:15to gather on this site.