MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 28/01/2025
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00:00Hello everyone, I'm delighted to see you again in this big news on Mediain TV.
00:18We'll start right away with the headlines.
00:21It's a human tide that has been rising since yesterday in the north of the Gaza Strip,
00:27a territory ravaged by 15 months of war.
00:30According to Hamas, 300,000 Gazans have taken the path of return,
00:37a return in mass in favour of a fragile truce between Israel and Hamas.
00:50The city of Goma is at the heart of a violent fight between Congolese forces and fighters of the M23 group,
00:58with 17 dead and 370 injured.
01:02We talk about it in this news.
01:09Morocco, Comoros is the poster for the opening match of the Cannes 2025.
01:13The city of Rabat hosted yesterday the draw for the 35th edition of the Africa Cup
01:18of the football nations, the Lions of Atlas are housed in the pool.
01:29And before we develop these headlines,
01:31know that Marco Rubio saluted the leadership of His Majesty the King Mohammed VI
01:37in favour of the promotion of regional and international peace and security.
01:43A statement of the US Secretary of State following the telephone interview he had with the Moroccan Foreign Minister,
01:50Nasser Bourita, the opportunity for the US Secretary of State to highlight the importance of the strategic partnership between Rabat and Washington.
02:01Discussions have also been held on the implementation of the ceasefire agreement in Gaza,
02:07the liberation of hostages, as well as the leadership of Morocco in the progress of humanitarian aid to the Palestinians
02:15and peace in general in this region.
02:21A work for peace that has been carried out for decades.
02:25The Beit Mel El Quds agency affiliated with the El Quds Committee under the presidency of His Majesty the King Mohammed VI,
02:34has announced the Ramadan program, specifying that it aims to collect US $ 1 million to fund this program.
02:42A program that includes 2,000 food baskets with 22 types of basic products for the needs of Palestinian families,
02:49as well as 30,000 hot meals, 1,000 meals a day, in addition to 200 festive clothes for orphans.
02:57Supported by the agency, on this occasion, the director, Mohamed Salim Chalqawi,
03:02said that the Moroccans, under the leadership of His Majesty the King Mohammed VI,
03:06President of the El Quds Committee, continue to provide all kinds of aid support to El Quds, Jerusalem and its inhabitants, as well as Gaza and the Gazans.
03:17A human tide has been returning to the north of the Gaza Strip since yesterday,
03:27after a compromise between Israel and Hamas for the release of hostages.
03:32According to Hamas, no less than 300,000 displaced people returned yesterday to the north of the territory in favor of the fragile.
03:45The fire has been put out since January 19.
03:48The Israeli government has also announced that 8 of the hostages held in Gaza,
03:53out of the 26 still to be released during the first phase of the Trev Accord, were dead.
03:58As a reminder, almost all of the 2.4 million inhabitants of Gaza have been displaced by this war under Hezbollah.
04:09Dozens of thousands of displaced people are returning to Gaza.
04:15They can finally return to their homes, or at least what is left of them.
04:19A human tide of displaced people is on its way to the north of the Gaza Strip,
04:23ravaged by more than 15 months of war in the Palestinian territory,
04:27after a last-minute compromise between Israel and Hamas for the release of 6 other hostages.
04:33From the opening of the pedestrian crossing, an uninterrupted flow of men, women and children,
04:37loaded with luggage, on the push of the wagons,
04:40set off on the coastal artery to the north of the Palestinian territory.
04:48It is a feeling of victory, a feeling of return.
04:51Everyone has stopped talking since we arrived in Gaza.
04:54Everything here speaks to us, even this destruction speaks.
04:58It speaks of the extent of our suffering and of what we have experienced over the past year and the last four months.
05:08Long lines of vehicles loaded with luggage also go north on another axis, further east.
05:14According to the head of security in Gaza,
05:16the 200,000 displaced people had won the north in the first two hours.
05:22It is true that we have lost loved ones, close ones, our dearest ones.
05:28We have lost our homes, we have lost everything, everything beautiful in our lives.
05:33But thanks to God, we have returned to our homeland and our country.
05:39Hamas, like Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and many Arab countries,
05:43denounced on Sunday the idea launched by Donald Trump
05:47to move the inhabitants of Gaza to Egypt and Jordan to, according to them,
05:51clean up the territory.
05:53Jordan, which hosts about 2.3 million Palestinian refugees, just like Egypt,
05:58reaffirmed on Sunday the rejection of a forced move by the Palestinians.
06:02The Arab League, on the other hand, has warned against the attempts
06:05aimed at uprooting the Palestinians from their land,
06:08which could only be described as ethnic cleansing.
06:16In this context, Donald Trump reiterated yesterday his desire to see the Palestinians
06:21of the Gaza Strip live, I quote, without violence, end of quote,
06:26questioned to know if he still believed in the solution of the two states,
06:31Israeli and Palestinian, he replied.
06:34I will speak to Benyamin Netanyahu in the not too distant future, end of quote.
06:39But without mentioning the date, Donald Trump, who last Saturday,
06:43we just heard him, mentioned the idea of a plan aimed at, I quote,
06:48cleaning up the Gaza Strip, saying he wanted to send the Palestinians
06:53to Egypt and Jordan to obtain peace.
06:55A statement that triggered a wave of denunciations in the Arab world.
07:01And I told you, in title, the news, it's also these fights that are raging.
07:12Since yesterday in Goma, the border of Rwanda in the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo,
07:18between the Congolese forces and the fighters of the M23 group,
07:2217 dead and 370 injured,
07:26it is since the failure of the RDC-Rwanda mediation under the aegis of Angola
07:31that fighters of the M23 and Rwandan soldiers arrived at the gates of this city on Sunday.
07:39According to the UN, their number is estimated at several thousand in RDC.
07:45In this context, a meeting between President Felix Tshisekedi
07:49and his Rwandan counterpart Paul Kagame is scheduled for tomorrow, Wednesday.
07:53Details with Rajenko.
07:57Backpack on the back and mattress on the shoulder,
08:00the inhabitants of Goma fled the provincial capital of North Kivu
08:04where the Rwandan army and the M23 penetrated on Sunday.
08:08The inhabitants staying on site follow live the assault of the armed groups on the city.
08:14The state of emergency is launched in the largest city in the Democratic Republic of Congo,
08:20which is the theater of violent clashes in the city center.
08:24We want to reassure the population that following the security meeting
08:30that we held yesterday around the President of the Republic,
08:33who gave us instructions so that we can work as a government
08:38to avoid carnage and losses in human lives
08:42regarding the manifest intentions of Rwanda.
08:45Yesterday, bombs were thrown on the camps of the displaced.
08:48This is why we want to recommend to all our populations in Goma
08:54to stay at home.
08:59Following the humanitarian situation on site,
09:02the UN qualified Monday as extremely worrying the humanitarian situation in Goma.
09:08The UN organization now focuses its missions
09:12on the protection of civilians who pay the highest price.
09:16Fighting is still very much ongoing, it's very very fluid.
09:19The humanitarian situation in and around Goma...
09:22The humanitarian situation in Goma is extremely worrying.
09:25While the areas of active combat have spread throughout the city,
09:29water and electricity are cut off.
09:31This morning, several shells hit the Charity Maternity Hospital
09:35in the center of Goma, killing and injuring civilians,
09:38including newborns and pregnant women.
09:41This morning, artillery fire was directed at the city center.
09:46The rapid progress of the M23,
09:49added to the diplomatic tensions between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda,
09:54led to the convocation by the Kenya of presidents Félix Tsisekedi and Paul Kagame,
10:01an extraordinary summit of the Community of East African States
10:04dedicated to the situation in RDC,
10:06will be held this Wednesday,
10:08as announced by Nairobi.
10:10The Council of Peace and Security of the African Union
10:13will hold an emergency session on this crisis on Tuesday.
10:20And the news in Morocco, dominated today by this arm-wrestling
10:24between doctors and the government, which continues.
10:27Doctors in the public sector are starting a national strike of three days on Tuesday.
10:33This debauchery concerns all establishments in the sector,
10:36with the exception of emergency and reanimation services.
10:39This is what the National Bureau of the Independent Union of Doctors of the Public Sector learned.
10:45According to them, the government has failed to meet its previous commitments,
10:49included in the agreement of December 29, 2023,
10:52and the verbal trial of the end of January 2024.
10:59We stay in Morocco with dangerous waves heading northwest,
11:04which are expected to start on Thursday morning
11:08on the Atlantic coasts between Cape Spartel and Tarfaya,
11:11with significant heights of 4 to 6.5 meters high,
11:17with periods of 10 to 15 seconds.
11:20This is what the Ministry of Equipment and Water indicates.
11:23The highest heights are expected on Thursday morning and afternoon,
11:29between noon and dawn.
11:31This is what the ministry said in a maritime meteorological statement.
11:39Morocco now knows its opponents.
11:42For Cannes 2025 on its soil,
11:45the kingdom welcomed yesterday in Rabat the African football striker
11:49for the draw for the 35th edition of the Africa Cup of Football Nations.
11:55The Moroccan football team inherits Group A,
11:59alongside Mali, Zambia and Comoros.
12:03Waeli Dergregi's defenders will face the Comoros in an opening match,
12:09a surprise from Cannes 2022 in Cameroon.
12:12The Ivory Coast, which holds the title,
12:14is housed in Group F,
12:16accompanied by Cameroon, Gabon and Mozambique,
12:18while the unfortunate Nigerian finalists are in Group C,
12:23with Tunisia, Uganda and Tanzania.
12:26So how will Morocco do in this Group A?
12:30Let's listen to the analysis by sports journalist Oumeyma El-Rafaei.
12:37It's not the worst draw.
12:39We could have been unlucky,
12:42given the composition of group 2 and group 3.
12:47And all teams are competing.
12:49As you know, Cannes is the biggest composition of nations,
12:52the biggest composition of the African Football Confederation.
12:55You have to be sufficiently armed
12:57to have the direct elimination phase.
12:59Mali is a very promising team,
13:02a team based on young talents.
13:05Their players are constantly nominated for the CAF Award
13:09for the best young player.
13:11Mali has a new generation,
13:13which is very eager to go and get this Cannes.
13:17There are also the Comoros.
13:21Attention to the Comoros,
13:23because it's a team that knocked Tunisia down
13:25in the qualifying round of this Nations Cup.
13:29It's a team that will have to be closely monitored.
13:34The Comoros, who had played their first Cannes,
13:37there are two editions,
13:39and they are there, ready to make their voices heard.
13:43And there is also Zambia.
13:45We remember Zambia.
13:47It was always very fresh.
13:49It was African champion in 2012,
13:51against all odds.
13:53It was a valuable team,
13:55which was rebuilt after the air tragedy
13:57that we all know.
13:59It was a team from Kalusha,
14:01one of the legends of Africa,
14:03of African football.
14:05Attention to them too,
14:07because Zambia is a team
14:09that will want to come back on the forefront.
14:12And they all know that the conditions are ideal here in Morocco
14:15to play a very beautiful Cannes,
14:17to have a very beautiful tournament,
14:19and to be in optimal conditions.
14:21I would like to invite you today
14:23to mention this record
14:25of foreign investments
14:27in Africa in 2024.
14:29The continent has distinguished itself
14:31with an increase of 84%
14:33of the IDE
14:35to reach 94 billion dollars.
14:37And this in large part,
14:39it must be said,
14:41thanks to a single mega project
14:43in Egypt.
14:45If we exclude this project,
14:47the IDE of the continent
14:49will have an increase of 84%,
14:51although the global figure
14:53remains modest,
14:55to 50 billion dollars.
14:57We speak with Nabil Hadel,
14:59teacher, researcher and director
15:01of the research group
15:03in geopolitics and geoeconomy
15:05at ESCAE.
15:07Hello and welcome to you.
15:09Hello, it's at ESCAE.
15:11ESCAE.
15:13Why have foreign investments
15:15in Africa increased
15:17so significantly?
15:19Listen,
15:21we have to analyze
15:23on a historical perspective.
15:25Africa is a continent that attracts
15:27very few foreign investments.
15:29Africa represents about 17%
15:31of the world's population,
15:33but only attracts 3 to 5%
15:35in the best case of foreign investments.
15:37Progressions like this
15:39are all quite normal,
15:41given the gap
15:43between the demographic weight
15:45of Africa and its GDP.
15:47So, from time to time,
15:49when we talk about a small ball,
15:51when there are variations like this,
15:53even if they may seem
15:55in the absolute important,
15:57but when we compare it
15:59with other regions of the world,
16:01Africa still remains the parent
16:03poor in terms of foreign investments
16:05for several reasons,
16:07but just to give some figures.
16:09So, for example,
16:11if we compare Africa
16:13to Asia, for example,
16:15or Latin America,
16:17Africa attracts
16:19$25 per inhabitant
16:21in GDP,
16:23while Asia is at $130,
16:25and Latin America
16:27is at $230 per inhabitant.
16:29So it shows you a little bit
16:31the big gap between Africa
16:33and the rest of the world.
16:35Okay, it's indeed a big gap.
16:37Given that
16:39the global trend in terms of GDP
16:41is declining,
16:43why this time,
16:45in 2024,
16:47does the continent show
16:49resilience?
16:51What can this
16:53demonstrate,
16:55in your opinion?
16:57Listen,
16:59Africa is modernizing,
17:01Africa is structuring,
17:03Africa is improving its governance,
17:05Africa is improving its infrastructure,
17:07Africa is improving its human capital.
17:09We are talking about a continent
17:11where the middle class
17:13will reach, in a few years,
17:15a level of consumption
17:17comparable to what can be found
17:19in developed countries.
17:21So,
17:23Africa is no longer
17:25what it was 20 years ago.
17:27So, today, we have an Africa
17:29that has ambitious projects.
17:31I'm talking about, for example,
17:33the Nigerian-Moroccan gas project.
17:35You have the Atlantic front,
17:37in Egypt.
17:39Africa is very demanding
17:41in terms of infrastructure.
17:43You have a capital that is improving.
17:45The African elite today
17:47is trained in the best
17:49international universities
17:51and has nothing in terms of quality
17:53compared to its counterparts in other countries.
17:55So, today, Africa is only catching up
17:57without delay. I think
17:59that if the big initiatives
18:01launched, like the Atlantic front project,
18:03like the Gasoduc,
18:05it will give a boost
18:07to investment in Africa
18:09and put Africa back
18:11where it belongs
18:13in the world's investment
18:15flows.
18:17We must not forget that Africa
18:19remains the last hope
18:21in terms of demographics
18:23of the planet.
18:25In practically all other continents,
18:27there is a strong demographic decline.
18:29Only Africa continues to display
18:31a certain demographic vitality.
18:33This demographic decline allows us to attract capital
18:35because this is where there is demand,
18:37this is where there is qualified manpower,
18:39and this is where there are the most infrastructure projects
18:41to finance, because we are in a
18:43young continent, unlike other continents
18:45where old age is starting to make
18:47them not very attractive in terms of investment.
18:51Nabil Ahedel, you have just mentioned
18:53the major projects,
18:55such as the
18:57Gasoduc Morocco-Nigeria, but also
18:59this royal initiative
19:01that concerns the Atlantic
19:03façade, the 23 coastal countries of the Atlantic
19:05façade. What are precisely
19:07the sectors that
19:09interest foreign
19:11investors the most ?
19:13There are these
19:15large-scale projects,
19:17so let's talk about it, but maybe there are
19:19also other strategic,
19:21neurological sectors today on the continent.
19:23Listen,
19:25today the continent in terms of
19:27infrastructure is showing a delay compared to
19:29the Atlantic façade. Africa still needs
19:31large infrastructure projects,
19:33both road,
19:35motorway, energy,
19:37telecommunications,
19:39while knowing that
19:41the inductive effects
19:43of large
19:45infrastructure projects
19:47are felt throughout the economy.
19:49Today, indeed,
19:51the main priority is the implementation of
19:53infrastructures in Africa,
19:55including the Gasoduc project
19:57and the Atlantic façade, but you have other sectors
19:59that are no less demanding
20:01of investment. You have the industry
20:03in its different components, you have
20:05agriculture, where Africa
20:07has an important potential in
20:09the field. You have
20:11renewable energies, especially solar.
20:13Africa has achievements at this level.
20:15You have new technologies.
20:17Some countries in Africa
20:19show great maturity
20:21in the field,
20:23in everything that is mobile banking,
20:25and others.
20:27There are many sectors that can
20:29attract small foreign investors,
20:31but the priority
20:33will remain on large infrastructure projects
20:35to bring Africa to the level
20:37of what
20:39we can find in Asia or Latin America.
20:43So, to bring
20:45Africa to the level,
20:47you just mentioned, Nabilah Adel,
20:49the demographic factor.
20:51You also mentioned
20:53the vitality of the African population
20:55and especially
20:57its youth.
20:59What are the sectors
21:01in which this youth
21:03has skills and
21:05has a vocation to help
21:07Africa to catch up
21:09with this delay?
21:11I want to talk about
21:13the new technologies you mentioned,
21:15innovation,
21:17artificial intelligence
21:19and maybe also
21:21an industry we talk a lot about
21:23in Africa and Morocco,
21:25gaming.
21:27What is the potential
21:29of evolution in this area?
21:31Has this sector
21:33become strategic
21:35to catch up with this delay?
21:37In terms of foreign investment as well.
21:41Gaming as such
21:43remains an interesting sector,
21:45even if it does not have the same
21:47sector as artificial intelligence,
21:49big data or other emerging technologies
21:51that will change
21:53the face of the world.
21:55Now, the sectors where African youth
21:57can express their full potential
21:59are sectors that are not necessarily
22:01connected to a strong
22:03and mature infrastructure.
22:05And there,
22:07information technologies are a very good
22:09candidate because we do not need
22:11a large physical infrastructure,
22:13even if we need telecom
22:15and computer infrastructure,
22:17but in physical terms
22:19we do not need large
22:21infrastructure projects.
22:23This is why Africa stands out
22:25in this sector through several initiatives.
22:27We talked about it earlier,
22:29M-Payment, Mobile Banking
22:31and other initiatives.
22:33Today, the advantage of these sectors
22:35linked to new technologies
22:37is that they are highly delocalized
22:39sectors, so we can do them
22:41from any part of the globe.
22:43And today, African youth
22:45work in fields such as programming,
22:47data entry,
22:51data analysis,
22:53when one of its qualities,
22:55we have good African engineers,
22:57but the cost
22:59remains relatively reasonable compared
23:01to what can be found elsewhere.
23:03And today, you have many platforms
23:05that work from Africa
23:07and from Morocco, to be more specific,
23:09and that do high-value work
23:11for international companies
23:13in the field of data analysis.
23:15The advantage is that
23:17we do not need geographic proximity
23:19to be able to do these jobs.
23:21The infrastructures remain
23:23reasonably cost-consuming,
23:25so it is something
23:27in which African youth
23:29can express themselves fully.
23:31We are going to talk about Morocco,
23:33but before that, we are going to talk about Egypt,
23:35which concentrates a third
23:37of the total amount
23:39of its investments.
23:41Why is that, Nabil Adel?
23:43Listen,
23:45Egypt has chosen the policy of large-scale
23:47projects.
23:49So it is a bet that can be
23:51interesting, but relatively risky
23:53in the long run.
23:55Insofar as the inductive effects
23:57of these projects
23:59take a long time to manifest,
24:01you have a kind
24:03of blockade that will stop.
24:05Because what is the bet?
24:07It is that the development of these projects
24:09will generate tax revenues for the State
24:11and these tax revenues will finance
24:13the debt that we have contracted
24:15to finance them.
24:17However,
24:19as long as there is a delay,
24:21a gap between the moment
24:23when these projects begin to produce
24:25their results
24:27and the first payments of debt,
24:29so that the
24:31entire architecture of the policy
24:33is unbalanced.
24:35So it is a bet that is risky.
24:37We hope
24:39that it will keep its promise,
24:41but it is a bet that is risky.
24:43According to these large projects,
24:45especially when they are projects
24:47that depend on an international
24:49framework on which the country
24:51does not have much control,
24:53they can be relatively risky.
24:55That said, these are projects
24:57that require manpower.
24:59Today, in Egypt, we have
25:01extremely low unemployment rates.
25:03These are projects that allow
25:05a certain level of infrastructure
25:07in the country, but what
25:09the Egyptian officials
25:11must pay attention to
25:13is the duration from which
25:15they will begin to generate
25:17profits in terms of
25:19tax revenues to compensate
25:21the budgetary effort that has been
25:23consented to finance them.
25:25There, often the experiences
25:27are quite mixed, but it is a bet
25:29that is relatively risky.
25:31So you are talking, Nabila Adel,
25:33about Paris, about the risk of Egypt
25:35in Africa.
25:37How does Morocco feel?
25:39What is the country betting on?
25:41The country
25:43has a different
25:45policy.
25:47The level of
25:49infrastructure has expanded
25:51over a long period.
25:53Since the arrival of His Majesty
25:55the Queen on the 30th,
25:57we have taken the time
25:59to absorb these
26:01infrastructure projects.
26:03We did not concentrate them in 5-6 years.
26:05It took almost a quarter of a century
26:07for the states to understand.
26:09So the budgetary impact
26:11was not as strong as
26:13in Egypt for development
26:15in Africa. These are more
26:17steps where His Majesty
26:19signed free trade
26:21agreements with many African countries,
26:23but we let the private sector go.
26:25So there too, the public sector
26:27remained on very strategic
26:29terms, such as the OCP in
26:31some African countries.
26:33Morocco Telecom too,
26:35but the dynamic is not
26:37carried by the private sector.
26:39So we regret that the dynamic
26:41is not stronger because
26:43what was signed as an agreement
26:45opens up large markets for the Moroccan entities
26:47that can
26:49lead us to
26:51growth paths at
26:535-6-7%
26:55if we do well to exploit this trade.
26:57Unfortunately, we were not able to
26:59exploit it properly, but the potential
27:01is there.
27:03So these are two development
27:05models that are relatively different.
27:07Egypt has concentrated the effort
27:09to raise infrastructural levels
27:11over a very short period, which
27:13required large capital.
27:15Morocco has spread
27:17the effort
27:19over several
27:21years and
27:23benefited from a favorable conjunction
27:25at the beginning of the 2000s,
27:27which allowed it to
27:29digest more easily this effort to raise
27:31infrastructural levels.
27:33Thank you, Nabil Adel,
27:35for answering our questions.
27:37I remind you that you are a research teacher and director
27:39of the research group
27:41in geopolitics and geoeconomics,
27:43ESCA. Thank you.
27:45Thank you, Madam.
27:47And thank you. This is the end of the news.
27:55news.
27:57news.
27:59news.
28:01news.
28:03news.
28:05news.