Between 1855 and 2005, it is estimated that measles killed nearly 200 million people. Cases began to surge by 20% in 2023 to 10.3 million globally. 107,500 people died from measles that year while there were major outbreaks in 57 countries including India and Russia. Falling vaccination rates have been blamed for the surge. The WHO says 95% vaccine coverage is needed to prevent an outbreak but the worldwide rate in 2023 was 83%.
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00:00What is believed to be the first written account of measles was published in the 9th century by Persian physician Raises.
00:07It's thought to have evolved from a now extinct virus called rinder pest that affected cattle and became more widespread as global exploration increased.
00:17Between 1855 and 2005, it's estimated that measles killed nearly 200 million people.
00:25Measles is one of the most contagious infectious diseases.
00:30It's spread when an infected person breathes, coughs or sneezes.
00:35Experts say that if one person has the disease, up to 9 out of 10 people nearby will become infected if they are not protected.
00:44The main symptoms of measles include fever, cough, red watery eyes and a blotchy rash.
00:51But sometimes it can lead to life-threatening complications including pneumonia and swelling of the brain.
00:58Measles is particularly dangerous for children under the age of 5 as their immune systems are still developing.
01:05As many as 3 in every 1,000 children who become infected with measles will die.
01:11The measles vaccine was first licensed for public use in the United States in 1963.
01:18The World Health Organization says the best way to prevent measles is vaccination.
01:23And it recommends that all countries include two doses in their national immunization programs.
01:30Experts say that between the years 2000 and 2022 vaccination prevented an estimated 57 million deaths.
01:39But cases began to surge by 20% in 2023 to 10.3 million globally.
01:46More than 107,000 people died from measles that year while there were major outbreaks in 57 countries including India and Russia.
01:55Falling vaccination rates have been blamed for the surge.
01:59WHO says 95% vaccine coverage is needed to prevent an outbreak.
02:06But the rate worldwide in 2023 was just 83%.
02:11Many children missed doses during the COVID pandemic.
02:14While public health organizations say social media has contributed to vaccine hesitancy.
02:20Poverty and a lack of access to health care can also be barriers.
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