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00:00So again, we have identified a high-risk group that we can, most of the orthodontists, they know of it.

00:07Like if I get a patient that with the teeth roots look like one of those forms,

00:12these patients are at high risk of root resorption.

00:15But what happens in a heavy, crowded, private practice,

00:20some orthodontists see between 60 to 120 patients a day.

00:24They overlook some of those patients.

00:26And what happens after six months of treatment when the patients start to say,

00:30oh, my teeth are really, really moving.

00:32They take the x-ray, and guess what happens?

00:34The root is gone.

00:35So there is no one single treatment for those patients

00:38other than taking out the braces, and they live as is forever

00:42unless their tooth can be saved by root canal treatment

00:46or most of them, they have to take their teeth out

00:49and they can have their teeth replaced by implants.

00:53So we'll start to do another test in the lab.

00:56And again, back to the rats.

00:58And basically, we induced fracture.

01:00Like if a patient like the hockey people, when they get trauma,

01:03most likely what happens, when their teeth get broken,

01:08most likely like Ryan Smith a few years ago, he lost his teeth.

01:12But part of the teeth were still inside the jaw.

01:15But what happened, they just took out the rest of the teeth and then put implants in.

01:20So right now, we try to imitate what happens.

01:23If you get a trauma or someone gets a trauma in their teeth

01:27and the teeth get fractured, can we save the natural teeth

01:30without replacing them with implants or bridges?

01:33This is what we are trying to do right now in the lab.

01:35And we are successful to show that ultrasound only,

01:39without any medication, without any stem cell, without any growth factors,

01:43can actually regenerate the fractured roots in the lab.

01:48And again, in human teeth in the lab,

01:51we imitated fractured for the roots.

01:54And after four weeks, the roots get healed.

01:57As you can see the difference between the fractured and the regenerated roots.

02:02So we had to move further because the company that produced this big ultrasound device,

02:09they are not interested in dental application.

02:12So I was lucky when I joined the University of Alberta

02:15to join two peers in electric engineering.

02:19And we started to put together a micro- or nano-fabricated device

02:23that can be used solely for dental use.

02:27And then we had Christy on board, that he was a master's degree at the time.

02:32And then we are moving right now from a proof of principle

02:36to a clinical trial, hopefully in two years.

02:39So this is the new device that has been fabricated by Smile Sonica.

02:44This patent has been licensed to Smile Sonica, which is a spin-off company.

02:49And this device, again, it addresses lots of patients' worries.

02:53The patient can preserve their own teeth.

02:55And the orthodontist or dentist can save their faces

02:58and minimal potential litigations against them.

03:04Again, this device has been licensed to Christy and Smile Sonica.

03:10And since two years, they have developed or raised more than $200,000.

03:17And hopefully in a year or two years, we'll get to clinical trials in patients.

03:25So I hope I made it on time.

03:27And I'm ready for questions.

03:36Do you have any insight as to the mechanism?

03:38Oh, for sure.

03:40The mechanism, basically, after the first publication in 2002,

03:44three groups of researchers appeared in the world, Japan and U.S. and U.K.

03:49And they uncovered the genetic background of it.

03:53And basically, ultrasound stimulates specific genes that's important for dental matrix formation

04:00as well as also stem cells.

04:02So we're working on both sides right now in stem cell differentiation into tooth-forming cells

04:07and also dental matrix formation-specific genes.

Part 2 Riparazione base dentale tramite ultrasuoni

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