75 faits qui vous donneront envie d'en savoir plus

Sympa

Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00:00Can you eat this?

00:00:02We sometimes see strange spots on our potatoes and we wonder if we shouldn't throw them away.

00:00:07Here are 10 tips on food to know when to eat them and when to throw them away.

00:00:12Did you know that every year 54 million tons of food are wasted just in the United States?

00:00:19To put things in perspective, this figure means that nearly 40% of all food is wasted.

00:00:26People throw them away if they don't trust the ingredients.

00:00:28They are careful and that's perfectly normal.

00:00:30But there are cases where even if the food looks strange, it is completely safe to eat them.

00:00:37The first element on our list is beef.

00:00:39When it comes to meat, people are naturally very careful.

00:00:43Imagine that you buy beef.

00:00:45Later, you realize that it has brown spots.

00:00:49If you have the reflex to get rid of it immediately, know that these spots are normal.

00:00:53There may even be brown layers inside the meat.

00:00:56And yet, the bright red color is synonymous with fresh meat, isn't it?

00:00:59Not necessarily.

00:01:00When the meat is cut for the first time, it is brown.

00:01:03If the meat is quickly packed under vacuum, it will retain this color.

00:01:07But if the meat is exposed to air for about 15 minutes, then the oxygen will cause a change in appearance to red.

00:01:14This red can turn brown when the biochemical reaction begins.

00:01:18It can take a few hours.

00:01:20Butchers grind the meat several times a day to get this bright red color.

00:01:25Because they know that consumers are wary of the brown-looking beef.

00:01:29If the beef is wrapped in a plastic that is permeable to oxygen, it becomes bright red after being exposed to oxygen.

00:01:36As long as the meat smells good, is fresh and has been kept properly, it can be eaten safely.

00:01:44Have you ever seen dark lines under the shell of a shrimp?

00:01:47It's the same thing as for beef.

00:01:49The black lines on the meat of your shrimps are linked to a natural phenomenon.

00:01:53They appear gradually after the shrimps have been taken out of the water.

00:01:57The meat is exposed to oxygen and the black becomes more visible over time.

00:02:02Here too, the pattern of the animal itself can enter the line of account.

00:02:06These black lines can be a natural discoloration on the shrimp.

00:02:10Think of cats.

00:02:12They also have different color patterns, even if they are identical in terms of species.

00:02:17Next time, you will be able to carry out a mini experiment in your kitchen.

00:02:21Put some shrimps side by side and observe the slight differences in their color patterns.

00:02:26Shrimps release a bad smell when they are no longer edible.

00:02:30So if they still have a smell and a fresh taste, do not throw them away.

00:02:34Can you eat moldy yogurt?

00:02:36This green substance on the surface does not look appetizing at all.

00:02:39But if you take it off with a spoon, you will feel like you have a fresh yogurt underneath.

00:02:44However, the short answer is that you have to throw it away.

00:02:46The mold is only visible on the top, but it has probably settled in depth.

00:02:50Not to mention the fact that the yogurt will have a bad taste.

00:02:53Many molds are harmless, but some produce toxic substances.

00:02:57Green mold is a type of penicillium.

00:03:00Does this word seem familiar to you?

00:03:02It is the same type of mold as the one used in the antibiotic called penicillin.

00:03:06But do not rejoice too quickly.

00:03:08Eating a moldy yogurt will not cure bacterial infections like magic.

00:03:14In 2013, there was an epidemic related to a range of yogurts.

00:03:18The manufacturer delivered his products to the store as usual.

00:03:21But after a while, they received complaints from customers,

00:03:25saying that the yogurt looked like a yogurt soup and had an old taste.

00:03:29It turns out that a type of mushroom probably released a little carbon dioxide.

00:03:34This made the product stinging and caused swelling.

00:03:38The manufacturer and a scientist have both stated that this mushroom in question was generally not harmful.

00:03:44However, more than 200 people have stated that they have been affected.

00:03:49This kind of thing can still happen, so trust your sense of observation.

00:03:54If you are unlucky enough to see mold in a freshly opened yogurt, contact the manufacturer.

00:04:00You may prevent other people from finding themselves in the same situation

00:04:04by informing the company of a systemic problem and preventing the product from being wasted in the future.

00:04:10In addition, the company will probably want to apologize and reimburse you or offer you a loan on its products.

00:04:22Technically, the fruit remains edible, but you may not want to eat it.

00:04:26Avocados are a source of many vitamins, such as vitamin C, E, K and B6,

00:04:31as well as healthy substances such as magnesium, potassium and many others.

00:04:36However, avocados work hard to become such a source of nutrients.

00:04:40And it has its own transport channels, like veins.

00:04:44These channels are normally invisible to us, until something comes out of the ordinary.

00:04:49Avocados can sometimes be kept at cold temperatures for longer than they should.

00:04:54As a result, tissue cells can weaken and begin to deteriorate.

00:04:59According to experts, after harvesting the fruit, if it stays in the refrigerator for a few weeks before you buy it,

00:05:05a vascular burn can occur.

00:05:07This phenomenon becomes visible after keeping the avocado at room temperature for a few days.

00:05:13But then, should you eat it or throw it away?

00:05:17You can eat the avocados marked in black dots, but it is better to taste them first.

00:05:21It may be that it does not taste the same as a normal avocado.

00:05:24What about the white part under the peel of the potatoes?

00:05:27Can we eat them or should we throw them away?

00:05:29They look like blues, but they are not black.

00:05:32If the outer layer of the potato seems normal,

00:05:35these strange white marks are not mold.

00:05:39Moldy potatoes deteriorate, they become soft and wrinkled.

00:05:43As long as the outside of the potato seems clean and regular,

00:05:47there is probably no harmful microbial growth inside.

00:05:51These white marks can be due to shocks, probably during the harvesting period.

00:05:57In short, you can eat it without danger.

00:06:00There may also be white marks on the cutting board when you cut the potatoes.

00:06:05According to experts, some potatoes contain more water and starch.

00:06:10As a result, your cutting board becomes a little dirtier than usual,

00:06:14but there is no need to worry either.

00:06:17Let's continue with another type of potato, chips.

00:06:21What are these black spots on the chips?

00:06:24Can we eat them or should we throw them away?

00:06:26You can consider them as minor imperfections that do not affect the quality of the chips.

00:06:31Again, they appear because of the shocks they undergo or because of the frying process.

00:06:37Sometimes you can see that your garlic seems to be trying to reproduce.

00:06:41Yes, it germinated!

00:06:43The question is whether you can eat germinated peels or whether you should throw them away.

00:06:48If the green germ is in the center of the peel, it's good.

00:06:51Know that the garlic taste will be stronger than it usually is.

00:06:55But it will still be acceptable in a cooked dish since it will be mixed with other ingredients.

00:07:00The taste should not be too strong.

00:07:03Can we eat an apple with greens?

00:07:06Most people can't even stand the idea of accidentally biting into a green apple,

00:07:10but it's a matter of culture.

00:07:13The answer is yes, we can eat it.

00:07:15After all, greens just add a little protein to the fruit, don't they?

00:07:20These animals are not carriers of harmful parasites.

00:07:23They are simply making their way into the apple.

00:07:26The starting point of the fruit can have an unpleasant taste because it has become rotten over time.

00:07:31But in addition to the taste, the rotten part can be eaten without danger.

00:07:35What is not without danger, however, is to eat the apples that fall to the ground.

00:07:39These have probably dragged on the ground for a while

00:07:42and this can be enough for the harmful bacteria on the ground to sneak into the apple.

00:07:48In some cases, people have had health problems

00:07:51by drinking unpasteurized apple juice made from apples that have fallen to the ground.

00:08:04If you want to call an American friend hoping that he won't answer you,

00:08:07try to do it on Super Bowl night.

00:08:10More than 100 million people attend the final of the favorite sport of the Americans,

00:08:14which is the most watched television program of the year.

00:08:17Although we play with our hands, American football is called that

00:08:21because it developed from two sports, rugby and football,

00:08:25known as soccer in North America.

00:08:28In addition, before some major changes in the rules,

00:08:30hands and feet were used to play.

00:08:33A 1958 NFL championship game was the first, and until now the only, to end in overtime.

00:08:41That night, the Colts of Baltimore played against the Giants of New York.

00:08:45The stadium was full with 68,000 spectators

00:08:48and hundreds of thousands of people were watching it on NBC.

00:08:52At one point, the crowd became so out of control

00:08:55that the NBC cable responsible for the broadcast disconnected.

00:08:59The game was about to end, so they had to do something immediately.

00:09:03Earlier that year, the New York Times asked the producers if they had a plan B for such a scenario.

00:09:09He replied, laughing, that he should probably send someone on the field to watch the game.

00:09:14And that's exactly what they did.

00:09:16They sent their commercial director to run on the field after a dead time.

00:09:20Agents chased him for a while, and everyone thought it was just a striker.

00:09:25This is how NBC saved the show by missing only the first game sequence after the dead time.

00:09:30It is difficult to imagine a football match without huddles.

00:09:33These are moments when players gather all in a tight circle to discuss strategy,

00:09:37motivate each other, or celebrate a touchdown.

00:09:40But these huddles only became popular in the 1890s,

00:09:43thanks to Paul Hubbard, a quarterback from Gallaudet.

00:09:46He didn't want his other teammates to read his hand signals,

00:09:49so he gathered his teammates in a closed circle to protect their secrets.

00:09:53The 1982 game between the Cardinals of Stanford and the Golden Bears of California

00:09:57went down in history because of a sequence called The Play,

00:10:00which took place in the very last seconds.

00:10:02Stanford's team led 20-19, and there were only 4 seconds left.

00:10:06You might think it's nothing, but that time was enough for the Golden Bears to turn the situation around.

00:10:11They made 5 passes back, and...

00:10:13Boom!

00:10:14Touchdown final.

00:10:16They won 25-20.

00:10:18Unlike professional football,

00:10:20the balls used in college matches have white stripes painted on one end

00:10:24to make it easier to spot the ball during night matches.

00:10:27Wilson, a famous sports equipment company,

00:10:30is the exclusive supplier of NFL football balls since 1941.

00:10:35Today, they produce 4,000 balls a day.

00:10:38The first American football match in history was played between Rutgers and Princeton colleges.

00:10:43It was popular among students, but quickly became a pretty rough sport.

00:10:47At one point, it was even forbidden to play in public spaces.

00:10:51Walter Kemp, a famous rugby player,

00:10:53became the captain of Yale's American football team and saved the day.

00:10:57He changed the rules of the game and made it the sport we know today.

00:11:01The 20-yard line to the goal zone is known as the red zone.

00:11:05The red was chosen because it's a warning color for the defense.

00:11:09When the attack reaches this zone, it's in the best position to score.

00:11:14Gridiron football is another name for this game.

00:11:17No unusual story here.

00:11:18The only reason is that the pitch looks like a grill used in the kitchen.

00:11:22It seemed almost impossible for two brothers to coach NFL teams

00:11:26to face each other in the Super Bowl final.

00:11:28But it happened in 2013.

00:11:30Gene Harbaugh and John Harbaugh respectively coached the San Francisco 49ers

00:11:35and the Baltimore Ravens, who faced each other in the big game.

00:11:39Their parents watched the game in the New Orleans Superdome.

00:11:42John, René's brother, won.

00:11:44They briefly exchanged congratulations after the game,

00:11:46but did not speak for weeks.

00:11:49Both admitted that the game was very emotional.

00:11:53There was previously the National Football League and the American Football League.

00:11:57Each with its own champion until they merged in 1970.

00:12:01They had to decide on a new structure and failed to agree.

00:12:04And guess how they finally solved the problem?

00:12:07Well, they just put five in a vase and picked one randomly.

00:12:11The member of the Kansas City Chiefs, Lamar Hunt,

00:12:14found the name Super Bowl by taking inspiration from a toy that only cost 98 cents.

00:12:18His wife had found it in a toy store in Dallas, Texas,

00:12:22and told him that the little ball could bounce over a small house.

00:12:25The idea did not please everyone,

00:12:27and there were even contests to find another name.

00:12:29But this one remained.

00:12:32The first Super Bowl took place on January 15, 1967.

00:12:36Tickets only cost $ 12,

00:12:38compared to the $ 100,000 you have to pay for a VIP seat today.

00:12:43However, there were still many empty seats at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum,

00:12:47where it took place.

00:12:49They chose the location only six weeks before the kickoff.

00:12:52Today, it is known three years before the actual game.

00:12:56Since the 5th Super Bowl, Roman numbers have been used to identify the matches.

00:13:01This avoids some confusion.

00:13:03For example, the Super Bowl 2023 will take place at the beginning of this year,

00:13:07but the majority of the season will have been played in 2022.

00:13:11The only exception was the Super Bowl 50.

00:13:14The NFL thought that naming it Super Bowl L could have lowered ticket sales.

00:13:19But the NFL never pays any of its superstars who perform during halftime shows.

00:13:23If produced at 7 o'clock, it brings a lot more money to the artists in the long run,

00:13:28because their record sales always go up after the game.

00:13:31However, they receive money to cover the expenses they have to commit to prepare the show.

00:13:35This can represent more than $ 10 million.

00:13:37So it's not such a bad calculation after all.

00:13:39Each Super Bowl team receives 108 balls.

00:13:4254 of them serve as training balls,

00:13:44and 54 others are used during the actual game.

00:13:48The usual halftime of a NFL game lasts from 12 to 15 minutes.

00:13:52But the Super Bowl lasts from 20 to 30 minutes,

00:13:55depending on the show that takes place.

00:13:57The ball they threw in the 44th game to decide which team would give the shot

00:14:02had spent 11 days in a NASA spacecraft orbiting the Earth.

00:14:07To ensure that the game is always fair,

00:14:09seven officials with different functions must be present on the field.

00:14:13You can recognize them thanks to their striped black and white shirts.

00:14:16The referee is the highest-ranked of them all, and has the most responsibilities.

00:14:20Then come the umpire, the back row judge, the line manager,

00:14:24the touch judge, the line judge, and the field judge.

00:14:28It is the city of Miami that hosted the most Super Bowl editions with 11 games.

00:14:33The second place is occupied by New Orleans with 10 games.

00:14:36The game usually takes place in a hot climate or in a covered stadium.

00:14:39The only exception is the game that took place at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans,

00:14:43where the temperature at the time of the game was 4 degrees.

00:14:47The Arizona Cardinals are older than the state they represent.

00:14:50The team was founded in 1898,

00:14:53and Arizona officially became a state only 14 years later.

00:14:57The team also experienced the longest period in the history of the NFL

00:15:00where it did not win a single postseason game.

00:15:0351 years.

00:15:05The NFL gives the winning team members the famous Super Bowl ring.

00:15:09This one has never been the same,

00:15:11because the winners choose how to personalize it to make it unique.

00:15:14Its design takes up to 4 months.

00:15:16The ring normally bears the name and logo of the team,

00:15:19the title World Champion, as well as the logo and number of the Super Bowl.

00:15:23The team can give copies of the ring to whoever it wants,

00:15:26not only to the players, but also to the coaches,

00:15:28to the trainers, to the staff, to the staff,

00:15:30and also to former players and coaches.

00:15:33This is why the total price of the set is about 5 million dollars.

00:15:38The Super Bowl XLV ring of the Green Bay Pakers

00:15:41contained more than 100 diamonds.

00:15:4313 of them represent each title the team has won since 1929.

00:15:48Try it, you'll see.

00:15:50Pinch your elbow as hard as you can.

00:15:53You barely feel the pain.

00:15:55How does that happen?

00:15:56The nerve endings are different depending on the region of the body.

00:16:00The latter is indeed more sensitive to pain in the most fragile and risky areas.

00:16:05These areas have more nerve endings

00:16:08so that we react faster to protect ourselves.

00:16:11And the thick skin, like the elbows, has less pain detectors.

00:16:15But I'm not talking about that tingling and sudden pain

00:16:18you can feel when you pinch your elbow.

00:16:21It's a bit like if your arm had been electrocuted.

00:16:25I wouldn't say that this sensation is funny,

00:16:28even if English speakers talk about a funny bone that would be the cause,

00:16:31even if it's not a bone.

00:16:33It's a nerve that starts from your spine,

00:16:35goes through your neck,

00:16:36goes through your elbow

00:16:37and ends up in your fingers.

00:16:39Its real name is the ulnar nerve.

00:16:41It's one of the three main nerves of your arm

00:16:44and it transmits sensations to the tips of your fingers.

00:16:47Your ulnar nerve is well protected by muscles, fat and bones.

00:16:51But there's a spot on your elbow where this nerve is exposed.

00:16:54And this spot is where you pinch yourself.

00:16:58A different but real version of Achilles' heel.

00:17:01Now you know why it's funny when you pinch your elbow

00:17:04and why you don't feel anything when you pinch your skin.

00:17:09The next phenomenon also concerns our most embarrassing movements.

00:17:12But not only.

00:17:14It can also happen when you see the person you love.

00:17:17I'm talking about blushing.

00:17:19There are no butterflies in your stomach when you're in love.

00:17:23But I'm sure of this.

00:17:25When you blush, the wall of your stomach blushes too.

00:17:29Yes, I looked closely.

00:17:31The mucous membrane of the stomach protects the walls of this organ

00:17:34and the acid it contains.

00:17:36When you blush, it blushes too.

00:17:38Because blushing occurs when our blood rises to the surface of our skin.

00:17:42And it also affects the stomach.

00:17:44It's a natural process, a physiological response to a change in emotion.

00:17:49And since we're talking about the stomach,

00:17:51know that the gastric fluid has the ability to melt a table in steel.

00:17:58This means that this acid would be able to digest your internal organs.

00:18:02Fortunately, the wall of your stomach prevents this from happening.

00:18:06Now we're going to talk about the fact that you shine in the dark.

00:18:09Don't turn off the lights yet.

00:18:11You can't see that with the naked eye.

00:18:14These images of sparkling human bodies come from ultra-sensitive cameras.

00:18:19Japanese scientists were the first to immortalize human bioluminescence.

00:18:24Only these ultra-sensitive cameras can detect the tiny amounts of light that our body emits.

00:18:29Because this light is a thousand times weaker than what the human eye can see.

00:18:33Apparently, all living creatures produce a small amount of light

00:18:37due to chemical reactions in their cells.

00:18:40And humans are no exception.

00:18:43Researchers photographed the top of a group of volunteers for several days.

00:18:48And their results indicate that the light emitted obeys a 24-hour cycle.

00:18:53The light is at its maximum in the late afternoon and its minimum late at night.

00:18:57In addition, the brightest light is emitted by the cheeks, the forehead and the neck.

00:19:01But these areas do not correspond to the brightest regions that appear on thermal cameras.

00:19:08Did you know that you are a little taller in the morning than late in the day?

00:19:11Yes, I measured you.

00:19:13Joke aside, this size difference is related to gravity.

00:19:17Its force compresses the cartilage of your spine and your knees

00:19:20when you get up or sit down.

00:19:23But when you are lying down, your spine contracts and stretches.

00:19:28This is why, when you wake up after a long night of sleep, you are taller.

00:19:33But this size difference is quite negligible.

00:19:35So no need to organize a contest and open bets.

00:19:39A funny detail, when returning from a mission,

00:19:41astronauts are taller than they were when they left Earth.

00:19:45This is because of the absence of gravity on the ISS.

00:19:49But they do not keep this size all their lives after that.

00:19:51As soon as they set foot on Earth, they begin to find their normal size.

00:19:57Now let's go back to this organ we talked about earlier, the skin.

00:20:01Yes, the skin is an organ.

00:20:03In fact, it is the largest organ in your body.

00:20:06It represents about 15% of your body weight.

00:20:09And what does this organ do in addition to covering your body?

00:20:12It fulfills vital functions.

00:20:15For example, it protects you from external physical and biological damage.

00:20:19And it avoids excessive water loss.

00:20:23I can't help but wonder what other surprises the human body has in store for us.

00:20:27But for now, let's move on to the animal world.

00:20:31Bears do not have eyeglasses.

00:20:33Instead, they have eye tubes.

00:20:36Their eye-shaped rods do not move in their orbits as our eyes do.

00:20:40So they would have to move their entire body to look around them.

00:20:44But that would make too much noise.

00:20:47And other animals would hear them.

00:20:49Thanks to evolution, the owls have a neck that can rotate about 270 degrees.

00:20:54And without making the slightest noise.

00:20:56But what's the point?

00:20:58Well, night vision requires large corneas to capture as much light as possible.

00:21:02This is why most nocturnal animals, such as the loris or the tarsier, have large eyes.

00:21:09For the owls, it's a little different.

00:21:11As they have small heads, they can't have such large eyes.

00:21:16And although they don't have eyeglasses, they have three pairs of eyelids.

00:21:21One eyelid to blink, one to sleep, and the last to clean their eye tubes.

00:21:27Do owls think that's cool?

00:21:29Of course!

00:21:31We are now going to talk about a so-called twilight animal.

00:21:35Meow!

00:21:36Cats have a special organ that allows them to taste the smells in the air.

00:21:40This organ is called the Jacobson organ, or the nasolabial femoral organ.

00:21:45The Jacobson organ is located inside the cat's nasal cavity and opens on the palate, in the mouth.

00:21:51It is used to detect specific chemical substances thanks to nerves that lead directly to the brain.

00:21:56And these are not ordinary substances.

00:21:58The receptors of the Jacobson organ have a very special function.

00:22:03They capture substances that have no smell at all.

00:22:06In other words, cats can detect undetectable smells.

00:22:10But that's not all.

00:22:11The Jacobson organ increases their odour.

00:22:14For example, when kittens have to find their mother's milk.

00:22:18Imagine two kittens and four kittens.

00:22:21Kittens are able to distinguish their mother from the other kitten thanks to their odour.

00:22:26When you meet a person, you analyze their body language.

00:22:30Cats can analyze themselves by sniffing the head of their peers.

00:22:33They emit pheromones, and this substance usually takes a long time on an individual.

00:22:38For example, what the feline likes to eat or if it is in good health.

00:22:42They can even know if the other cat is happy or in a bad mood.

00:22:46All thanks to the Jacobson organ.

00:22:49Here is another fact about cats.

00:22:51Their muzzles have nerves that form a kind of pattern.

00:22:54We have digital prints, and cats have nasal prints.

00:22:58They can be used to identify them.

00:23:01So, Mr. Cat, did you break this vase?

00:23:03We found your prints on the crime scene.

00:23:06But we can make a deal.

00:23:07Tell us what you know about this dog and this DVD.

00:23:12Maybe you prefer dogs?

00:23:14Here is a myth that you probably know.

00:23:16Dogs are daltonians.

00:23:18But this is not the case.

00:23:20It is true that the range of colors they can detect is limited compared to the spectrum available to humans.

00:23:26They mainly perceive yellow, blue and purple tones.

00:23:30And they do not see our red, our green and our orange.

00:23:34And finally, the turtles.

00:23:36These creatures cannot leave their carapace and come back when they want to.

00:23:40In fact, they are completely attached to their carapace.

00:23:43It grows with them, like the human skin.

00:23:47The carapace of a turtle is made up of 50 bones.

00:23:50It includes a skeleton with a vertebral column and a thoracic cage.

00:23:54So they go on vacation with it.

00:23:56It's a bit like your camper van if you had to live in it all your life.

00:24:00The button on top of your cap is there only for aesthetic purposes.

00:24:04But did you know that this little thing has a name?

00:24:06Professionals in the United States call it a Squatcho.

00:24:09Its initial function was to hold together the four sides of the cap.

00:24:13But as the manufacture of these hats improved over time,

00:24:16the button became useless and the Squatcho simply disappeared.

00:24:20But the caps were no longer as pretty.

00:24:22Shortly after, the Squatcho came back.

00:24:24And I think he's here to stay.

00:24:26Originally, high-heeled shoes were not intended for gala and end-of-the-year parties.

00:24:31In the 10th century, riding a horse was quite difficult with flat-soled shoes.

00:24:35And the horsemen's feet were constantly slipping from the calves.

00:24:38The invention of high heels allowed to solve this problem.

00:24:41They held much better in the saddle thanks to them.

00:24:43And then they gained popularity.

00:24:45It didn't take long for them to become a fashion accessory to go out in the most elegant outfits.

00:24:50Important personalities no longer wanted to be seen in society with flat shoes.

00:24:55Riding a horse with high heels was a bit like owning a luxury sports car today.

00:25:00In the beginning, heels were mostly worn by men.

00:25:03But the ladies adopted this emblematic fashion as early as the 17th century.

00:25:06Since then, it is one of the greatest successes in history in terms of clothing style.

00:25:10In ancient Rome, the saddle was so precious that people even gave it the name white gold.

00:25:15With the torrid heat that reigned and especially the absence of refrigerators,

00:25:19its goal was to preserve food, mainly meat and fish.

00:25:23In addition, it made all these things much tastier.

00:25:26Sal, which means salt in Latin, was also used in exchange for money to pay the workers.

00:25:32And that's where the word salary comes from.

00:25:34Rice is the oldest food cultivated in the history of humanity.

00:25:37It was, about 15,000 years ago, a wild herb from a small valley in Southeast Asia.

00:25:43Today, it is used all over the world as a staple food and 3.5 billion people eat it regularly.

00:25:50It is difficult to imagine a world without these video calls that you pass through the camera of your phone or your computer.

00:25:56This technology has allowed innovations that have changed our lives, such as working from home.

00:26:01However, at the beginning, video calls were not at all intended for the use we make of them today.

00:26:06This technology was introduced to find out if there was still coffee left in the coffee maker.

00:26:11In 1993, researchers from the University of Cambridge, frustrated to always find that their coffee maker was empty

00:26:17when they wanted to take a coffee break, decided to find a solution.

00:26:21They therefore invented a coffee maker monitoring device by connecting a camera

00:26:25that transmitted a real-time image to their computers.

00:26:28Thanks to these researchers, we can now work in pajamas.

00:26:31We know several of Albert Einstein's discoveries.

00:26:34But there is something you probably haven't heard of.

00:26:38With one of his students, he invented a modified refrigerator.

00:26:41It has nothing to do with what we use.

00:26:44In the 1920s, refrigerators were not very safe.

00:26:46Because they produced toxic gases.

00:26:48He wanted to create a less dangerous version, which would not require electricity,

00:26:52without mobile parts, and which would only need a source of heat to work.

00:26:56Unfortunately, they did not manage to raise the necessary funds, and the project fell through.

00:27:01In the 1950s, electric refrigerators became popular.

00:27:05But in 2008, engineers from the University of Oxford decided to take a second look at this invention.

00:27:11They are still working on it, but once they have finished,

00:27:14the Einstein refrigerator will be very useful in rural areas without electricity,

00:27:19and for those who want to live far from everything.

00:27:21The QWERTY keyboard model, which is widespread in many countries, is not the easiest to use.

00:27:26In the 1870s, Christopher Charles invented a keyboard

00:27:30designed to make typing twice as fast.

00:27:33But by placing the most commonly used letters next to each other,

00:27:36typing became a little too fast, and the machines were constantly stuck.

00:27:40He therefore developed the QWERTY model.

00:27:42This forced the dactylos to type more slowly.

00:27:45They had to first look for the letter, then type it with their index.

00:27:48This keyboard is still in use today, and people have gotten used to it.

00:27:52The plastic end of your lace is called an eagle, and has been used since ancient Rome.

00:27:57Of course, there was no plastic at the time,

00:28:00so these eagles were made of stone, glass or metal.

00:28:04The richest people could, if they wanted,

00:28:07decorate their shoes with precious metals such as brass or silver.

00:28:11What came first, television or remote control?

00:28:14Well, know that the technology that allows the operation of remote controls

00:28:18is several decades older.

00:28:20In 1898, Nikola Tesla created a machine

00:28:24to control remote devices using radio waves.

00:28:27And to sell his invention, he made a remote-controlled boat model.

00:28:31But it did not interest anyone.

00:28:34It was ahead of its time.

00:28:36Tesla finally started using remote controls for televisions in 1956.

00:28:41The engineer Percy Spencer accidentally invented something great in 1945.

00:28:46He was working on a new vacuum tube, the Magnetron,

00:28:49which was to be used on radar systems.

00:28:52While working on his project,

00:28:54he noticed that the chocolate he had in his pocket had melted.

00:28:57Realizing that the Magnetron had the ability to heat food,

00:29:00he did a test with corn, and he got popcorn.

00:29:03He then tried to test it with eggs,

00:29:05but things did not go very well.

00:29:07So he built a metal box,

00:29:09and the first microwave oven was born.

00:29:12In 1733, an English duke asked William Kent, an architect,

00:29:17to make him a means of transport for his children.

00:29:20William built the very first pushcart,

00:29:22but no one was supposed to push it.

00:29:24Without a handle, it looked like a cart

00:29:26and was pulled by a goat or a little pony.

00:29:29A very small number of these pushcarts were made at the time,

00:29:32because they were expensive.

00:29:33More than 100 years later, in 1848,

00:29:36the first pushcart with handles was invented

00:29:38and put on the market at an affordable price.

00:29:41We often associate, because of the movies,

00:29:43the policemen and the baths.

00:29:44And there is actually a reason for that.

00:29:46In the 1950s, in the United States,

00:29:48agents who worked at night

00:29:50often had trouble finding an open space

00:29:52to pay for a small midnight snack.

00:29:54At that time, bath shops were family businesses.

00:29:57They worked hard all night,

00:29:59making fresh baths to sell the next day.

00:30:01And as these shops were often victims of robberies,

00:30:04a relationship that still persists was then created.

00:30:07The policemen had something delicious to put under their teeth

00:30:10and the bath makers felt safe during the night.

00:30:13Breaking bubble wrap is really a relaxing activity.

00:30:16And of course, this material is also very useful

00:30:19to protect fragile objects.

00:30:21In 1957, two engineers had fun

00:30:23gluing together two shower curtains

00:30:25by imprisoning the air bubbles between the two surfaces.

00:30:28This is how the first bubble wrap was made.

00:30:31But what they were trying to invent

00:30:33was a new type of bubble wrap.

00:30:35Unfortunately, their product was not successful on the market.

00:30:38Some time later, they tried to sell it

00:30:40as insulation for the greenhouse.

00:30:42And once again, they failed.

00:30:44Everything changed in 1960,

00:30:46when IBM began to ship very fragile computer parts.

00:30:49Bubble wrap was perfect,

00:30:51and it still collaborates to this day.

00:30:53Today, we use card applications

00:30:55available on our phones to navigate,

00:30:57but back then, we had no choice

00:30:59but to use paper cards.

00:31:01And the competition in this industry was fierce,

00:31:03to the point that the cartographers

00:31:05drew ghost agglomerations

00:31:07to prevent their rivals from copying their cards.

00:31:09These false cities were called copyright traps.

00:31:11However, one of these cities became real.

00:31:13Hagelow, in the state of New York,

00:31:15was invented as a trap by General Drafting Co.

00:31:17Shortly after, another cartographer

00:31:19inscribed this city on his own card

00:31:21without suspecting that it would be taken.

00:31:23But during the trial,

00:31:25in 1950, a grocery store was set up in this place.

00:31:27And its owner,

00:31:29assuming that Hagelow really existed,

00:31:31decided to give this name to his store.

00:31:33Suddenly, there were no more copyright violations,

00:31:35because, technically,

00:31:37the city of Hagelow was indeed real.

00:31:39In 1943, Vesta Stout,

00:31:41originally from Illinois,

00:31:43worked to consolidate the packages.

00:31:45She didn't like the paper adhesive tape

00:31:47because it quickly degraded

00:31:49when it was wet.

00:31:51She therefore asked her boss

00:31:53to make an impermeable adhesive tape.

00:31:55But her proposal was rejected.

00:31:57However, she decided to write a letter

00:31:59to President Roosevelt

00:32:01describing her idea

00:32:03to make a better adhesive tape.

00:32:05Not only did she explain her concept,

00:32:07but she also provided him with detailed drawings.

00:32:09He approved the idea

00:32:11and ordered that the new tape

00:32:13be imposed in the post offices.

00:32:15It was so useful for the transport of goods

00:32:17that everyone wanted it,

00:32:19and it began to be sold in every grocery store.

00:32:21At the airport,

00:32:23you are usually asked

00:32:25to take your laptop out of your backpack

00:32:27and put it in a separate bin

00:32:29while you pass security check.

00:32:31Laptops are dense

00:32:33and X-rays can't see through.

00:32:35So you could hide

00:32:37something dangerous in there.

00:32:39If it's taken out and put aside

00:32:41in a separate bin,

00:32:43it's easier to see through.

00:32:45But if you put it in your backpack

00:32:47and put it in the bin,

00:32:49it's easier for scanners

00:32:51to detect potential danger.

00:32:53Normally,

00:32:55the messages you send with e-messages are blue.

00:32:57But look, this time it's green.

00:32:59Don't panic.

00:33:01It's not like the user blocked you or anything.

00:33:03You just sent a normal SMS

00:33:05and not an e-message.

00:33:07E-messages can only be sent

00:33:09to people who own an Apple device.

00:33:11So if the recipient doesn't have one,

00:33:13they will all be green.

00:33:15Another reason why your phone

00:33:17is not connected to the Internet

00:33:19is that you can't choose an SMS.

00:33:21E-messages go through the web

00:33:23and SMSes use a cellular signal.

00:33:25The sockets you insert

00:33:27in your devices

00:33:29are equipped with small plastic rings

00:33:31that separate different sections.

00:33:33These sections are called brushes

00:33:35and each of them has a different function.

00:33:37Each card will have at least one plastic ring

00:33:39because each socket must be separated

00:33:41into at least two brushes.

00:33:43One of them is there to cancel

00:33:45one interference and the other

00:33:47to transport the signal.

00:33:49If, for example, your headphones have

00:33:51one ring and two sections,

00:33:53they work in mono.

00:33:55They deliver the same sound

00:33:57to your right ear and your left ear.

00:33:59If there are two rings and three parts,

00:34:01then there is the base ring

00:34:03to cancel the interferences

00:34:05and the other two for each ear.

00:34:07Three rings and four sections

00:34:09means you have a set.

00:34:11One for each ear

00:34:13and one for each headphone.

00:34:15I bet you've never noticed

00:34:17but all credit cards,

00:34:19regardless of the bank

00:34:21or country they come from,

00:34:23are exactly the same size.

00:34:25The very first credit card

00:34:27was issued in 1958

00:34:29by the Bank of America

00:34:31and then the international standard

00:34:33was established so that

00:34:35emitters all over the world

00:34:37do the same.

00:34:39The standard dictates both

00:34:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:34:43The standard dictates both

00:34:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:34:47The standard dictates both

00:34:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:34:51The standard dictates both

00:34:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:34:55The standard dictates both

00:34:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:34:59The standard dictates both

00:35:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:03The standard dictates both

00:35:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:07The standard dictates both

00:35:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:11The standard dictates both

00:35:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:15The standard dictates both

00:35:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:19The standard dictates both

00:35:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:23The standard dictates both

00:35:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:27The standard dictates both

00:35:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:31The standard dictates both

00:35:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:35The standard dictates both

00:35:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:39The standard dictates both

00:35:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:43The standard dictates both

00:35:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:47The standard dictates both

00:35:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:51The standard dictates both

00:35:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:55The standard dictates both

00:35:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:35:59The standard dictates both

00:36:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:03The standard dictates both

00:36:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:07The standard dictates both

00:36:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:11The standard dictates both

00:36:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:15The standard dictates both

00:36:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:19The standard dictates both

00:36:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:23The standard dictates both

00:36:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:27The standard dictates both

00:36:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:31The standard dictates both

00:36:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:35The standard dictates both

00:36:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:39The standard dictates both

00:36:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:43The standard dictates both

00:36:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:47The standard dictates both

00:36:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:51The standard dictates both

00:36:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:55The standard dictates both

00:36:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:36:59The standard dictates both

00:37:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:03The standard dictates both

00:37:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:07The standard dictates both

00:37:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:11The standard dictates both

00:37:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:15The standard dictates both

00:37:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:19The standard dictates both

00:37:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:23The standard dictates both

00:37:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:27The standard dictates both

00:37:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:31The standard dictates both

00:37:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:35The standard dictates both

00:37:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:39The standard dictates both

00:37:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:43The standard dictates both

00:37:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:47The standard dictates both

00:37:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:51The standard dictates both

00:37:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:55The standard dictates both

00:37:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:37:59The standard dictates both

00:38:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:03The standard dictates both

00:38:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:07The standard dictates both

00:38:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:11The standard dictates both

00:38:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:15The standard dictates both

00:38:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:19The standard dictates both

00:38:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:23The standard dictates both

00:38:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:27The standard dictates both

00:38:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:31The standard dictates both

00:38:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:35The standard dictates both

00:38:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:39The standard dictates both

00:38:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:43The standard dictates both

00:38:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:47The standard dictates both

00:38:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:51The standard dictates both

00:38:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:55The standard dictates both

00:38:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:38:59The standard dictates both

00:39:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:03The standard dictates both

00:39:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:07The standard dictates both

00:39:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:11The standard dictates both

00:39:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:15The standard dictates both

00:39:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:19The standard dictates both

00:39:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:23The standard dictates both

00:39:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:27The standard dictates both

00:39:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:31The standard dictates both

00:39:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:35The standard dictates both

00:39:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:39The standard dictates both

00:39:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:43The standard dictates both

00:39:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:47The standard dictates both

00:39:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:51The standard dictates both

00:39:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:55The standard dictates both

00:39:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:39:59The standard dictates both

00:40:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:03The standard dictates both

00:40:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:07The standard dictates both

00:40:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:11The standard dictates both

00:40:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:15The standard dictates both

00:40:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:19The standard dictates both

00:40:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:23The standard dictates both

00:40:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:27The standard dictates both

00:40:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:31The standard dictates both

00:40:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:35The standard dictates both

00:40:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:39The standard dictates both

00:40:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:43The standard dictates both

00:40:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:47The standard dictates both

00:40:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:51The standard dictates both

00:40:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:55The standard dictates both

00:40:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:40:59The standard dictates both

00:41:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:03The standard dictates both

00:41:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:07The standard dictates both

00:41:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:11The standard dictates both

00:41:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:15The standard dictates both

00:41:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:19The standard dictates both

00:41:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:23The standard dictates both

00:41:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:27The standard dictates both

00:41:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:31The standard dictates both

00:41:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:35The standard dictates both

00:41:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:39The standard dictates both

00:41:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:43The standard dictates both

00:41:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:47The standard dictates both

00:41:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:51The standard dictates both

00:41:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:55The standard dictates both

00:41:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:41:59The standard dictates both

00:42:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:03The standard dictates both

00:42:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:07The standard dictates both

00:42:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:11The standard dictates both

00:42:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:15The standard dictates both

00:42:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:19The standard dictates both

00:42:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:23The standard dictates both

00:42:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:27The standard dictates both

00:42:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:31The standard dictates both

00:42:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:35The standard dictates both

00:42:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:39The standard dictates both

00:42:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:43The standard dictates both

00:42:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:47The standard dictates both

00:42:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:51The standard dictates both

00:42:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:55The standard dictates both

00:42:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:42:59The standard dictates both

00:43:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:03The standard dictates both

00:43:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:07The standard dictates both

00:43:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:11The standard dictates both

00:43:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:15The standard dictates both

00:43:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:19The standard dictates both

00:43:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:23The standard dictates both

00:43:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:27The standard dictates both

00:43:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:31The standard dictates both

00:43:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:35The standard dictates both

00:43:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:39The standard dictates both

00:43:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:43The standard dictates both

00:43:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:47The standard dictates both

00:43:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:51The standard dictates both

00:43:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:55The standard dictates both

00:43:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:43:59The standard dictates both

00:44:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:03The standard dictates both

00:44:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:07The standard dictates both

00:44:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:11The standard dictates both

00:44:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:15The standard dictates both

00:44:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:19The standard dictates both

00:44:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:23The standard dictates both

00:44:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:27The standard dictates both

00:44:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:31The standard dictates both

00:44:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:35The standard dictates both

00:44:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:39The standard dictates both

00:44:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:43The standard dictates both

00:44:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:47The standard dictates both

00:44:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:51The standard dictates both

00:44:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:55The standard dictates both

00:44:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:44:59The standard dictates both

00:45:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:03The standard dictates both

00:45:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:07The standard dictates both

00:45:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:11The standard dictates both

00:45:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:15The standard dictates both

00:45:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:19The standard dictates both

00:45:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:23The standard dictates both

00:45:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:27The standard dictates both

00:45:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:31The standard dictates both

00:45:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:35The standard dictates both

00:45:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:39The standard dictates both

00:45:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:43The standard dictates both

00:45:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:47The standard dictates both

00:45:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:51The standard dictates both

00:45:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:55The standard dictates both

00:45:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:45:59The standard dictates both

00:46:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:03The standard dictates both

00:46:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:07The standard dictates both

00:46:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:11The standard dictates both

00:46:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:15The standard dictates both

00:46:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:19The standard dictates both

00:46:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:23The standard dictates both

00:46:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:27The standard dictates both

00:46:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:31The standard dictates both

00:46:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:35The standard dictates both

00:46:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:39The standard dictates both

00:46:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:43The standard dictates both

00:46:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:47The standard dictates both

00:46:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:51The standard dictates both

00:46:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:55The standard dictates both

00:46:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:46:59The standard dictates both

00:47:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:03The standard dictates both

00:47:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:07The standard dictates both

00:47:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:11The standard dictates both

00:47:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:15The standard dictates both

00:47:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:19The standard dictates both

00:47:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:23The standard dictates both

00:47:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:27The standard dictates both

00:47:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:31The standard dictates both

00:47:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:35The standard dictates both

00:47:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:39The standard dictates both

00:47:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:43The standard dictates both

00:47:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:47The standard dictates both

00:47:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:51The standard dictates both

00:47:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:55The standard dictates both

00:47:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:47:59The standard dictates both

00:48:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:03The standard dictates both

00:48:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:07The standard dictates both

00:48:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:11The standard dictates both

00:48:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:15The standard dictates both

00:48:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:19The standard dictates both

00:48:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:23The standard dictates both

00:48:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:27The standard dictates both

00:48:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:31The standard dictates both

00:48:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:35The standard dictates both

00:48:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:39The standard dictates both

00:48:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:43The standard dictates both

00:48:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:47The standard dictates both

00:48:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:51The standard dictates both

00:48:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:55The standard dictates both

00:48:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:48:59The standard dictates both

00:49:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:03The standard dictates both

00:49:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:07The standard dictates both

00:49:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:11The standard dictates both

00:49:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:15The standard dictates both

00:49:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:19The standard dictates both

00:49:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:23The standard dictates both

00:49:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:27The standard dictates both

00:49:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:31The standard dictates both

00:49:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:35The standard dictates both

00:49:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:39The standard dictates both

00:49:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:43The standard dictates both

00:49:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:47The standard dictates both

00:49:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:51The standard dictates both

00:49:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:55The standard dictates both

00:49:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:49:59The standard dictates both

00:50:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:03The standard dictates both

00:50:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:07The standard dictates both

00:50:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:11The standard dictates both

00:50:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:15The standard dictates both

00:50:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:19The standard dictates both

00:50:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:23The standard dictates both

00:50:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:27The standard dictates both

00:50:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:31The standard dictates both

00:50:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:35The standard dictates both

00:50:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:39The standard dictates both

00:50:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:43The standard dictates both

00:50:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:47The standard dictates both

00:50:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:51The standard dictates both

00:50:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:55The standard dictates both

00:50:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:50:59The standard dictates both

00:51:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:03The standard dictates both

00:51:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:07The standard dictates both

00:51:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:11The standard dictates both

00:51:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:15The standard dictates both

00:51:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:19The standard dictates both

00:51:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:23The standard dictates both

00:51:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:27The standard dictates both

00:51:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:31The standard dictates both

00:51:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:35The standard dictates both

00:51:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:39The standard dictates both

00:51:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:43The standard dictates both

00:51:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:47The standard dictates both

00:51:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:51The standard dictates both

00:51:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:55The standard dictates both

00:51:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:51:59The standard dictates both

00:52:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:03The standard dictates both

00:52:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:07The standard dictates both

00:52:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:11The standard dictates both

00:52:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:15The standard dictates both

00:52:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:19The standard dictates both

00:52:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:23The standard dictates both

00:52:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:27The standard dictates both

00:52:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:31The standard dictates both

00:52:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:35The standard dictates both

00:52:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:39The standard dictates both

00:52:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:43The standard dictates both

00:52:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:47The standard dictates both

00:52:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:51The standard dictates both

00:52:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:55The standard dictates both

00:52:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:52:59The standard dictates both

00:53:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:03The standard dictates both

00:53:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:07The standard dictates both

00:53:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:11The standard dictates both

00:53:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:15The standard dictates both

00:53:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:19The standard dictates both

00:53:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:23The standard dictates both

00:53:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:27The standard dictates both

00:53:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:31The standard dictates both

00:53:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:35The standard dictates both

00:53:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:39The standard dictates both

00:53:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:43The standard dictates both

00:53:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:47The standard dictates both

00:53:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:51The standard dictates both

00:53:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:55The standard dictates both

00:53:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:53:59The standard dictates both

00:54:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:03The standard dictates both

00:54:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:07The standard dictates both

00:54:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:11The standard dictates both

00:54:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:15The standard dictates both

00:54:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:19The standard dictates both

00:54:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:23The standard dictates both

00:54:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:27The standard dictates both

00:54:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:31The standard dictates both

00:54:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:35The standard dictates both

00:54:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:39The standard dictates both

00:54:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:43The standard dictates both

00:54:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:47The standard dictates both

00:54:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:51The standard dictates both

00:54:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:55The standard dictates both

00:54:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:54:59The standard dictates both

00:55:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:03The standard dictates both

00:55:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:07The standard dictates both

00:55:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:11The standard dictates both

00:55:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:15The standard dictates both

00:55:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:19The standard dictates both

00:55:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:23The standard dictates both

00:55:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:27The standard dictates both

00:55:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:31The standard dictates both

00:55:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:35The standard dictates both

00:55:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:39The standard dictates both

00:55:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:43The standard dictates both

00:55:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:47The standard dictates both

00:55:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:51The standard dictates both

00:55:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:55The standard dictates both

00:55:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:55:59The standard dictates both

00:56:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:03The standard dictates both

00:56:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:07The standard dictates both

00:56:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:11The standard dictates both

00:56:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:15The standard dictates both

00:56:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:19The standard dictates both

00:56:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:23The standard dictates both

00:56:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:27The standard dictates both

00:56:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:31The standard dictates both

00:56:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:35The standard dictates both

00:56:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:39The standard dictates both

00:56:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:43The standard dictates both

00:56:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:47The standard dictates both

00:56:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:51The standard dictates both

00:56:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:55The standard dictates both

00:56:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:56:59The standard dictates both

00:57:01the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:03The standard dictates both

00:57:05the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:07The standard dictates both

00:57:09the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:11The standard dictates both

00:57:13the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:15The standard dictates both

00:57:17the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:19The standard dictates both

00:57:21the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:23The standard dictates both

00:57:25the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:27The standard dictates both

00:57:29the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:31The standard dictates both

00:57:33the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:35The standard dictates both

00:57:37the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:39The standard dictates both

00:57:41the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:43The standard dictates both

00:57:45the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:47The standard dictates both

00:57:49the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:51The standard dictates both

00:57:53the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:55The standard dictates both

00:57:57the sound and the quality of the sound.

00:57:59The standard dictates both

00:58:01The standard dictates both

00:58:03The standard dictates both

00:58:05The standard dictates both

00:58:07The standard dictates both

00:58:09The standard dictates both

00:58:11The standard dictates both

00:58:13The standard dictates both

00:58:15The standard dictates both

00:58:17The standard dictates both

00:58:19The standard dictates both

00:58:21The standard dictates both

00:58:23The standard dictates both

00:58:25The standard dictates both

00:58:27The standard dictates both

00:58:29The standard dictates both

00:58:31The standard dictates both

00:58:33The standard dictates both

00:58:35The standard dictates both

00:58:37The standard dictates both

00:58:39The standard dictates both

00:58:41The standard dictates both

00:58:43The standard dictates both

00:58:45The standard dictates both

00:58:47The standard dictates both

00:58:49The standard dictates both

00:58:51The standard dictates both

00:58:53The standard dictates both

00:58:55The standard dictates both

00:58:57The standard dictates both

00:58:59The standard dictates both

00:59:01The standard dictates both

00:59:03The standard dictates both

00:59:05The standard dictates both

00:59:07The standard dictates both

00:59:09The standard dictates both

00:59:11The standard dictates both

00:59:13The standard dictates both

00:59:15The standard dictates both

00:59:17The standard dictates both

00:59:19The standard dictates both

00:59:21The standard dictates both

00:59:23The standard dictates both

00:59:25The standard dictates both

00:59:27The standard dictates both

00:59:29The standard dictates both

00:59:31The standard dictates both

00:59:33The standard dictates both

00:59:35The standard dictates both

00:59:37The standard dictates both

00:59:39The standard dictates both

00:59:41The standard dictates both

00:59:43The standard dictates both

00:59:45The standard dictates both

00:59:47The standard dictates both

00:59:49The standard dictates both

00:59:51The standard dictates both

00:59:53The standard dictates both

00:59:55The standard dictates both

00:59:57The standard dictates both

00:59:59The standard dictates both

01:00:01The standard dictates both

01:00:03The standard dictates both

01:00:05The standard dictates both

01:00:07The standard dictates both

01:00:09The standard dictates both

01:00:11The standard dictates both

01:00:13The standard dictates both

01:00:15The standard dictates both

01:00:17The standard dictates both

01:00:19The standard dictates both

01:00:21So imagine how it looks

01:00:25Pistolet shrimps are even more powerful than their cousins

01:00:28They close their claws at such a speed

01:00:30That a hot air bubble forms under the water

01:00:33The temperature of this bubble is extreme

01:00:36It reaches, in a moment's time

01:00:38The temperature of the sun

01:00:43To our knowledge, the oldest tree in the world

01:00:45Called Matusalem is 4700 years old

01:00:48It was still a young tree

01:00:50In the 20th century B.C.

01:00:54Dolphins sleep with half of their brains

01:00:56While the other half stays awake

01:01:00Horses have a heart, like everyone else

01:01:02But they also have organs

01:01:04Similar to the heart, under each foot

01:01:08They pump blood into their legs

01:01:10When the horse stands up

01:01:13Some subspecies of hippocampus

01:01:15Look like chameleons

01:01:17Not just because they change color

01:01:19But also because each eye

01:01:21Moves independently

01:01:25Other hippocampuses can't change color

01:01:27But they are born with a color

01:01:29That corresponds to their habitat

01:01:31Red for coral

01:01:33And green for algae, for example

01:01:37Flamingo babies are light gray

01:01:39The algae and seafood

01:01:41They feed on

01:01:43Contains substances called carotenoids

01:01:45Over time, flamingos

01:01:47Get this pink plumage

01:01:49It's the same substances

01:01:51In carrots

01:01:53And your skin can turn orange

01:01:55If you eat too much

01:01:57The black and white stripes

01:01:59Of zebras are not useful

01:02:01To hide them from predators

01:02:03But they help them avoid

01:02:05Dangerous insect bites

01:02:07Like the tsetse fly

01:02:09The fly sees the zebra

01:02:11But when it approaches

01:02:13The fly runs away

01:02:15According to a theory

01:02:17The zebra's black and white fur

01:02:19Creates an optical illusion

01:02:21That stuns the insects

01:02:23Thanks to their size

01:02:25And their excellent sight

01:02:27Giraffes see danger from afar

01:02:29Their heads act as a control tower

01:02:31And they warn other giraffes

01:02:33Of danger in a very strange way

01:02:35They emit a very serious whistling

01:02:37Seagulls can drink salty water

01:02:39They have glands

01:02:41Just next to their eyes

01:02:43This purifies the salty water very quickly

01:02:45And the salt residues come out of the nostrils

01:02:49The most improbable creature in the world

01:02:51Is probably the jellyfish

01:02:53It has no sensory organs

01:02:55Like our eyes, ears and nose

01:02:57It has no skeleton

01:02:59But the craziest thing is

01:03:01It has no heart or brain

01:03:03It is almost entirely composed of water

01:03:05That's why

01:03:07If you take a jellyfish out of the water

01:03:09It will melt

01:03:11There are jellyfish

01:03:13That are virtually immortal

01:03:15If they stay in a safe environment

01:03:19Lemurs have two eyes

01:03:21On the sides of the head

01:03:23Five on top of the shell

01:03:25Two near the mouth

01:03:27And one on the tail

01:03:29The latter has a photoreceptor function

01:03:31It absorbs light

01:03:33And allows the animal to know if it is day or night

01:03:35Hippos

01:03:37Do not take sun

01:03:39They produce their own sunscreen

01:03:41It's a kind of pink sweat

01:03:43That covers their whole body

01:03:45Kangaroo rats

01:03:47Can survive years without water

01:03:49And sometimes their whole life

01:03:51They live in extremely arid deserts

01:03:53And absorb all the water they need

01:03:55Thanks to the seeds and plants

01:03:57They feed on

01:03:59The green basil

01:04:01Has the incredible ability to walk on water

01:04:03First of all

01:04:05Its hind legs are provided with long fingers

01:04:07With excess skin that peels off in the water

01:04:11The surface that comes into contact with the water

01:04:13Is therefore ample

01:04:17Then the lizard starts to run

01:04:19Extremely fast

01:04:21Creating pockets of air

01:04:23That prevent it from sinking

01:04:27The pogon is nicknamed

01:04:29Firecracker

01:04:31When it swallows too much ostracode

01:04:33A type of zooplankton

01:04:35The small creatures begin to shine

01:04:37Inside the fish

01:04:39Because of their bioluminescence

01:04:41The pogon thus becomes more visible

01:04:43Even for predators

01:04:45And they spit out the ostracodes

01:04:47By creating this effect

01:04:49Of blue fireworks

01:04:53Opossums are immune

01:04:55Against snake venom

01:04:57The secret is a peptide

01:04:59To neutralize toxic substances

01:05:01That's why opossums

01:05:03Eat snakes

01:05:05The suricates have black spots

01:05:07Around the eyes

01:05:09They are not there simply to make them more adorable

01:05:11They also serve

01:05:13As natural glasses

01:05:15The black fur of the spots

01:05:17Block the sun

01:05:19And the suricates can thus

01:05:21Look at the sky

01:05:23The sentinel, the suricate

01:05:25That watches the surroundings

01:05:27To prevent the group in case of bird presence

01:05:29Or other predators

01:05:31Salmon are much better swimmers

01:05:33Than many divers

01:05:35But the competition is not balanced

01:05:39Salmon are spotted

01:05:41Thanks to the terrestrial magnetic field

01:05:45Dingoes have mobile handles

01:05:47Like humans

01:05:49It is useful if they have to climb a tree

01:05:51Catch food

01:05:53Or even open doors

01:05:55Sponge crabs

01:05:57Are the most stylish in the animal world

01:05:59They make hats

01:06:01From marine sponges

01:06:03These hats

01:06:05Protect them

01:06:07Allow them to camouflage

01:06:09And avoid predator bites

01:06:13Flying squirrels

01:06:15Shine under UV light

01:06:17And emit pink light

01:06:19They are able to absorb light

01:06:21And send it another color

01:06:25Left-handed people

01:06:27Are usually on the left side of shirts

01:06:29Because most people are right-handed

01:06:31Is it a myth or a reality?

01:06:33It is a reality

01:06:35Many products are made

01:06:37For right-handed people

01:06:39Left-handed people know it

01:06:41For example, in public transport

01:06:43Have you noticed that the scanner

01:06:45That validates your transport title

01:06:47Is usually on the right side

01:06:49And it is the same for everyday objects

01:06:51And household appliances

01:06:53All other items of the same type

01:06:55Are mainly designed for right-handed people

01:06:57The same goes for

01:06:59Shirt pockets

01:07:01Although some people use their two hands

01:07:03Indifferently or change their preference

01:07:05According to the task to be accomplished

01:07:07The vast majority of people are right-handed

01:07:09According to a study

01:07:1175 to 90% of the world population

01:07:13Would be right-handed

01:07:15And 10% only left-handed

01:07:17This means that having a pocket on the left side

01:07:19Rather than on the right side

01:07:21Is more practical for most people

01:07:23Do the experiment yourself

01:07:25You have to make an effort to reach your pocket

01:07:27Placed on the right side of your shirt

01:07:29On the other hand, your gesture is quite natural

01:07:31When it comes to looking for something

01:07:33In your left pocket

01:07:35Eating more protein

01:07:37Allows you to have bigger muscles

01:07:39What do you think?

01:07:41Myth or reality?

01:07:43It's a myth

01:07:45It is true that eating protein

01:07:47Is essential to have big muscles

01:07:49Proteins are in a way

01:07:51The building blocks of your body

01:07:53And yet

01:07:55Eating more than you need

01:07:57Is completely useless

01:07:59Everyone should drink

01:08:018 glasses of water per day

01:08:03Do you think it's a myth or a reality?

01:08:05It's a myth

01:08:07So don't blame yourself for drinking less water

01:08:09Than what is recommended

01:08:118 glasses is not a magical number

01:08:13The hydration needs differ from person to person

01:08:15The amount of water you have to drink every day

01:08:17Depends on your activity

01:08:19And your physical habits

01:08:21The temperature of the place where you live

01:08:23Also has an impact on your needs

01:08:25If you live in a hot region

01:08:27You sweat more

01:08:29And so you have to drink more water

01:08:31Soup, coffee, tea, fruit

01:08:33And other foods you eat daily

01:08:35Also contain water

01:08:37Carrots are rich in sugar

01:08:39So you should avoid eating them

01:08:41If it's true, we should warn rabbits

01:08:43What do you think?

01:08:45Is it a myth or a reality?

01:08:47It's a myth

01:08:49Carrots contain about 85% of water

01:08:51Half a kilo of cooked carrots

01:08:53Contains only 3 teaspoons of sugar

01:08:55Compared to the amount of sugar

01:08:57In your favorite desserts

01:08:59It's nothing

01:09:01In addition, carrots are rich in phytochemical compounds

01:09:03And eating them can help reduce glycemia

01:09:07People of the Middle Ages

01:09:09Believed that the earth was flat

01:09:11Is it a myth or a reality?

01:09:13Obviously, the flat earth is a myth

01:09:15But the story built around this myth is also

01:09:17We can't say that at that time

01:09:19The whole world doubted the spherical shape of the earth

01:09:21It made the same observations

01:09:23That we make today

01:09:25For example, people of the Middle Ages

01:09:27Could see, just like us

01:09:29That the sun's light at sunrise and sunset

01:09:31Forms an arc above the horizon

01:09:35Vikings wore helmets

01:09:37Is it a myth or a reality?

01:09:39The image is well known

01:09:41That there was a viking without his helmet

01:09:43But in reality

01:09:45There was no horn on their helmets

01:09:47We have not found any proof of this

01:09:49Detox juice purifies your body

01:09:51Is it a reality or a myth?

01:09:53It's a myth

01:09:55What we commonly call detox

01:09:57Doesn't work like that

01:09:59It's your internal organs

01:10:01That take charge of the cleaning process of your body

01:10:03The rat, the liver, the kidneys

01:10:05But especially the liver

01:10:07Your body purifies itself

01:10:09Permanently, in a natural way

01:10:11Nobody needs to drink juice

01:10:13To eliminate these toxins

01:10:15Walnuts are unhealthy

01:10:17What do you think?

01:10:19Myth or reality?

01:10:21You're right, it's a myth

01:10:23Walnuts are full of healthy fats

01:10:25They are excellent for your heart

01:10:27And your other organs

01:10:29Americans throw, on average

01:10:3138 kg of textile waste per year

01:10:33And per person

01:10:35Is it a reality or a myth?

01:10:37It's a reality

01:10:39Imagine all this waste

01:10:41When a person throws his clothes

01:10:43They don't simply volatilize

01:10:45All these articles are sent in huge discharges

01:10:47Giving these clothes

01:10:49Or reselling them in second-hand stores

01:10:51Is much more ecological

01:10:53You have probably already heard of these miraculous laundry tips

01:10:55That are supposed to make your clothes super clean

01:10:57And like new

01:10:59What if these laundry tips were just myths?

01:11:01Here are three

01:11:03Shirts must be buttoned

01:11:05When you put them in your machine

01:11:07Is it true?

01:11:09It's a myth

01:11:11It's better to keep the zipper closed

01:11:13So that their teeth don't stick to the fabric of your other clothes

01:11:15But buttoning a shirt

01:11:17Can dilate the buttonholes

01:11:19In the long run

01:11:21The buttons will start to slip

01:11:23And your shirt will be good to throw

01:11:25Washing your clothes in hot water

01:11:27Is the best way to clean them

01:11:29Is it a myth or a reality?

01:11:31It's still a myth

01:11:33But

01:11:35Hot water alone

01:11:37Won't be enough

01:11:39Nowadays, many detergents

01:11:41Are able to clean our clothes

01:11:43In cold or warm water

01:11:45You have to clean the buttonholes

01:11:47On the outside of the fabric

01:11:49Is it true?

01:11:51Most people apply water and soap

01:11:53Directly on the buttonhole

01:11:55Starting with the outside of the fabric

01:11:57But it's not the best solution

01:11:59It's better to start with the inside

01:12:01The buttonhole can sink deeper

01:12:03If you treat it from the outside

01:12:05Try to bring the buttonhole up to the surface

01:12:07Rather than pushing it inwards

01:12:11Listening to music is effective

01:12:13To learn a new language

01:12:15Is it a myth or a reality?

01:12:17It's a reality

01:12:19Scientists have declared that listening to a song

01:12:21And humming at the same time

01:12:23Can help us learn a language

01:12:25Many people have difficulties

01:12:27Learning grammar rules

01:12:29We don't always follow them

01:12:31Songs can help us

01:12:33Memorize common expressions

01:12:35Scientists have also claimed

01:12:37That music helps us remember

01:12:39New words and enrich our vocabulary

01:12:41Let me give you an example

01:12:43Do you remember your first year of school?

01:12:45Yes, the alphabet song

01:12:47Are you a morning person

01:12:49Or a night bird?

01:12:51In any case, you have to be aware

01:12:53Of the realities and myths

01:12:55Concerning sleep

01:12:57A person managed to stay awake

01:12:59For 11 days in a row

01:13:01Do you think it's possible

01:13:03Or is it an urban legend?

01:13:05It's a reality

01:13:07Randy Gardner set the record

01:13:09For the longest sleep

01:13:11It was a scientific experiment

01:13:13Conducted by Dr. William C. Demond

01:13:15Who studied sleep

01:13:17At Stanford University

01:13:19This doctor recorded and monitored

01:13:21Randy Gardner's sleep activity

01:13:23And Gardner managed to stay awake

01:13:25For 11 days and 25 minutes

01:13:27Your body gets used to less sleep

01:13:29Myth or reality?

01:13:31It's a myth

01:13:33Many studies prove

01:13:35That your body, and your brain in particular

01:13:37Can't get used to less sleep

01:13:39Did you notice that after a few nights

01:13:41Of insufficient sleep

01:13:43You started to feel more tired during the day?

01:13:45It's your body that tries to adapt

01:13:47To its lack of rest

01:13:49Long-term lack of sleep affects your performance

01:13:51Your concentration

01:13:53And your decision-making

01:13:55Many adults

01:13:57Only need 5 hours of sleep

01:13:59Or even less

01:14:01Is it true?

01:14:03It's easy, it's a myth

01:14:05National Sleep Foundation experts

01:14:07Recommend that adults sleep

01:14:09Between 7 and 9 hours per night

01:14:11Some people have a genetic mutation

01:14:13That allows them to fully wake up

01:14:15After a short night of sleep

01:14:17But these people are exceptions

01:14:191 in 4 million

01:14:21People who are able to sleep anywhere

01:14:23Or at any time

01:14:25Are said to be good sleepers

01:14:27What do you think? Myth or reality?

01:14:29It's a myth

01:14:31A good sleeper sleeps enough

01:14:33And has regular hours

01:14:35Cats spend 2 thirds of their lives sleeping

01:14:37Is it true in your opinion?

01:14:39You probably won't be surprised

01:14:41It's a reality

01:14:43So, did you manage to answer

01:14:45Most of these questions correctly?

01:14:47People find crazy ideas, don't they?

01:14:49I mean, candy on a stick?

01:14:51How did we get there?

01:14:53And why?

01:14:55And what about the English name

01:14:57Lollipop?

01:14:59Let's take a look at the history

01:15:01And the known information

01:15:03About this famous snack

01:15:05At first, it wasn't called Lollipop

01:15:07We'll come back to this name later

01:15:09But the first snack that looked like a lollipop

01:15:11Was probably invented

01:15:13By people who traveled the world

01:15:15Thousands of years ago

01:15:17And still lived in caves

01:15:19We know they loved honey

01:15:21And used a stick to collect it

01:15:23Remember, it was a time

01:15:25When people had very little resources

01:15:27About food

01:15:29Or anything else

01:15:31Since they didn't want to waste anything

01:15:33They probably ended up licking the stick

01:15:35To make sure they enjoyed

01:15:37Each drop of nectar

01:15:39Ancient Egyptians

01:15:41Also had their own snacks

01:15:43They would take various fruits and nuts

01:15:45And freeze them in honey

01:15:47Of course, it gave a better taste to food

01:15:49But it also kept them longer

01:15:51Thanks to its high sugar concentration

01:15:53Honey chases water from harmful cells

01:15:55That can damage food

01:15:57And make them rot faster

01:15:59To avoid having sticky fingers

01:16:01Because of the honey

01:16:03They also used a stick

01:16:05To eat these snacks

01:16:07Let's go back to the 1600s

01:16:09When sugar became much more accessible

01:16:11We now know that English people

01:16:13Loved hard-sugar snacks

01:16:15And would stick them on sticks

01:16:17Which made them easier to eat

01:16:19It was probably at this time

01:16:21That the term lollipop appeared

01:16:23Linguists think

01:16:25They were trying to designate

01:16:27The slapping of the tongue

01:16:29How so?

01:16:31Well, for the word tongue

01:16:33We often use the word lolly

01:16:35In northern England

01:16:37And pop means slap

01:16:39It all started in 1912

01:16:41When a man named Samuel Born

01:16:43Invented a device

01:16:45To stick sticks in candy

01:16:47It became so popular

01:16:49That Samuel received

01:16:51The keys to the city of San Francisco

01:16:53In 1916

01:16:55However, it was a man named George Smith

01:16:57Owner of a confectionery company

01:16:59Who gave himself the merit

01:17:01Of the invention of the lollipop version

01:17:03That we know and love today

01:17:05In 1908

01:17:07George Smith gave up the name in 1931

01:17:09He said that the name of the candy

01:17:11Came from a famous horse named

01:17:13The lollipop

01:17:15As you can see

01:17:17There is still a certain competition

01:17:19Around the paternity of this name

01:17:21But what we are sure of

01:17:23Is that the candy has become more and more popular

01:17:25And that it has remained so

01:17:27Some modern companies

01:17:29Are able to produce up to 3 million

01:17:31Of these candies per day

01:17:33And this number never ceases to increase

01:17:35The biggest lollipop ever created

01:17:37Goes back to 2012

01:17:39When a Californian candy manufacturer

01:17:41Made an impressive one

01:17:43With a chocolate flavor

01:17:45It weighed more than 3,175 kilos

01:17:47If we also take into account

01:17:49The stick

01:17:51This huge lollipop measured more than 3 meters

01:17:55One of the most famous lollipop brands

01:17:57In the world is Chupa Chups

01:17:59Did you know that the logo of this brand

01:18:01Has a very famous name behind it?

01:18:03It is that of Salvador Dali himself

01:18:05The famous surrealist artist

01:18:09The company contacted him in 1969

01:18:11To design his logo

01:18:13And he created the distinctive design

01:18:15That we all know and love

01:18:17With the name Chupa Chups

01:18:19Integrated in a form of daisy with bright colors

01:18:21The famous painter also had the idea

01:18:23That the logo should be placed

01:18:25On top of the candy rather than on the side

01:18:27Why?

01:18:29So that you can always see it perfectly

01:18:31Without any folds

01:18:33That often accompany the candy packaging

01:18:35Ingenious, isn't it?

01:18:37In addition

01:18:39This brand was able to stand out

01:18:41By exporting in the most unusual places

01:18:43The story goes that a Chupa Chups

01:18:45Was thus the first lollipop

01:18:47To be eaten in space

01:18:49It was in 1995

01:18:51When an astronaut brought a Chupa Chups

01:18:53In the space station

01:18:55Which made it officially

01:18:57The first lollipop to be consumed

01:18:59I wonder if it had a different taste

01:19:03There is also a Chupa Chups under the sea

01:19:05But it's not really what you think

01:19:07It's not the easiest thing in the world

01:19:09To taste a lollipop under water, is it?

01:19:11But while they were moving

01:19:13In an expedition in the sea of Wardell

01:19:15In the Antarctic Ocean in 2000

01:19:17A group of scientists

01:19:19Came across a sponge

01:19:21With a strange appearance

01:19:23It had a round head

01:19:25And looked surprisingly like a lollipop

01:19:27So they gave it a proper name

01:19:29The short version was

01:19:31S. Chupa Chups

01:19:33If you ever look for pictures of these creatures

01:19:35They look like underwater lollipops

01:19:37Scattered at the bottom of the sea

01:19:39Since we're talking about shape

01:19:41Have you ever wondered

01:19:43Why lollipop sticks have this square hole in the plastic?

01:19:47It's actually related to the manufacturing process

01:19:51During manufacturing

01:19:53The candy is melted in the stick

01:19:55So that the head of the lollipop

01:19:57Stays firmly attached to its stick

01:19:59So that it doesn't come off

01:20:01And ends up falling

01:20:03Oh, what a shame

01:20:05The other reason is more of a security question

01:20:07To prevent the lollipop stick

01:20:09From having a choking risk

01:20:11In case of accidental ingestion

01:20:13As it lets air through

01:20:15There's still a bit of room to breathe

01:20:17If it gets stuck somewhere

01:20:19But let's not talk about bad luck

01:20:21Nowadays, the company Tootsie Roll

01:20:23They make more than 16 million lollipops every day

01:20:27As for the lollipop sticks

01:20:29They are named after their inventor

01:20:31He wanted a name easy to pronounce

01:20:33And to be remembered by the new generation

01:20:35The main target of the product

01:20:39What do you think of the mysterious flavor of lollipops?

01:20:41Is it really that mysterious?

01:20:43No, it's actually a pretty simple recipe

01:20:45They make it

01:20:47When a batch of flavors runs out

01:20:49And the next one starts

01:20:51So that the flavor

01:20:53Results from the random combination

01:20:55Of two different flavors

01:20:57Whatever they are

01:20:59But what is the relationship

01:21:01Between the famous writer Charles Dickens and lollipop?

01:21:03Well, it turns out that in the modern world

01:21:05This name first appeared

01:21:07In one of his novels

01:21:09It was in the 1800s

01:21:11Lollipops are not only used

01:21:13To make good with sugar

01:21:15Some of them are also used

01:21:17To treat people

01:21:19Especially young people who can't stand

01:21:21Classic products

01:21:23But some of these lollipops

01:21:25Are strictly reserved for adults

01:21:27If you are a big fan of this treat

01:21:29You can get ready for a nice party

01:21:31On July 20th of each year

01:21:33It is on this date

01:21:35That Americans celebrate

01:21:37The national day of lollipops

01:21:39It is common that people

01:21:41Buy lollipops during this day

01:21:43Some stores also launch

01:21:45Unique lines for this occasion

01:21:47It is also associated with some world records

01:21:49For example

01:21:51The longest chain of people

01:21:53Licking lollipops

01:21:55Which gathered 12,831 individuals

01:21:57The event was organized

01:21:59In Valladolid, Spain

01:22:01In September 2008

01:22:03And for those who are looking for

01:22:05Something more sophisticated

01:22:07You should know that the most expensive lollipop

01:22:09In the world costs more than $10,000

01:22:11It is not a single lollipop

01:22:13And a chair

01:22:15It is made with 27 kg of sugar

01:22:17We have no idea

01:22:19Of the number of lollipops

01:22:21That the world eats every day

01:22:23But we know

01:22:25Which countries have the most fans

01:22:27Germany, Ireland, Switzerland

01:22:29Austria and the United Kingdom

01:22:31It is not only called a lollipop

01:22:33There are different names

01:22:35To designate it

01:22:37Depending on where you are

01:22:39Like lollipop, lollipop or sticky pop

01:22:41For example

01:22:43The most common flavor

01:22:45Often associated with this snack

01:22:47Is the lollipop

01:22:49It is probably because

01:22:51It is much easier to taste

01:22:53Than the real lollipop

01:22:55And above all

01:22:57It is just delicious

01:22:59But for me

01:23:01Nothing is worth a lollipop

01:23:03And you?

01:23:05What is your favorite flavor?

01:23:07Tell me in the comments

01:23:09The apples you usually buy

01:23:11First, we cover them with wax

01:23:13Then the wax is dried in the hot air

01:23:15And finally

01:23:17The apples are stored in cold rooms

01:23:19The lazy ones are stronger than the dolphins

01:23:21To hold their breath

01:23:23These lazy ones are able to slow down their heart rate

01:23:25And thus hold their breath

01:23:27For 40 minutes

01:23:29If they watched series to cut the breath

01:23:31They would only breathe once per episode

01:23:33If you look at old photos

01:23:35You will see that people did not smile

01:23:37As much as they do today

01:23:39First of all

01:23:41Because photographers preferred serious faces

01:23:43So instead of saying

01:23:45People said something like

01:23:47Prune

01:23:49And their lips remained tight

01:23:51Other words worked just as well

01:23:53Earth is not the only planet to have water

01:23:55NASA scientists are convinced

01:23:57That one of Jupiter's moons, Europe

01:23:59Has an ocean made up of twice as much water

01:24:01As our planet

01:24:03But it is hidden under a thick layer of ice

01:24:05And even Mars would have liquid water

01:24:07It is one of the biggest flying insects on the planet

01:24:09Most of the species are not very impressive

01:24:11Only measuring between 2 and 5 cm long

01:24:13It's already not bad

01:24:15But the biggest

01:24:17Known under the name of Cigale Megapomponia Imperatoria

01:24:19Measures about 7 cm long

01:24:21And its wings have an impressive width of 20 cm

01:24:23A very big animal

01:24:25All goats do not graze peacefully

01:24:27The grass of the meadows

01:24:29Some prefer to climb trees to feed

01:24:31For example

01:24:33Moroccan goats

01:24:35Are animals with unique behavior

01:24:37The thing is

01:24:39They are much more attracted by the fruits of the meadows

01:24:41Than by ordinary grass

01:24:43It is quite understandable

01:24:45These fruits really look delicious

01:24:47These goats are rather agile

01:24:49So they climb easily in the trees

01:24:51To go pick their juicy treats

01:24:53And they do not need anyone's help to do it

01:24:55There is a creature

01:24:57Who, in principle, is able to live forever

01:24:59It is a species of jellyfish

01:25:01Known under the name of

01:25:03Turritopsis

01:25:05We also call it

01:25:07The immortal jellyfish

01:25:09These animals have the ability

01:25:11To rejuvenate

01:25:13Basically, as soon as something goes wrong

01:25:15These jellyfish return to the polyp stage

01:25:17And start all over again

01:25:19Now we are going to test your knowledge

01:25:21Are there more trees on earth

01:25:23Or stars in the Milky Way

01:25:25If your answer is star

01:25:27Sorry, but you are wrong

01:25:29According to the estimates of scientists

01:25:31There are more stars in our galaxy

01:25:33And about 3,000 billion trees on earth

01:25:35Impressive

01:25:37Pluto has not yet made a complete revolution

01:25:39Around the sun since it was discovered

01:25:41And now

01:25:43Say we have known this dwarf planet

01:25:45Since 1930

01:25:47It takes about 248 years for Pluto

01:25:49To make a complete tour of our common star

01:25:51In fact, it is Mercury the fastest

01:25:53It takes about 88 days for this planet

01:25:55To go around the sun

01:25:57Anyway, Pluto will complete its first revolution

01:25:59Since its discovery

01:26:01In the year 2178

01:26:03What a suspense

01:26:05Another funny fact about planets

01:26:07The dwarf planet Omea

01:26:09Has a very particular shape

01:26:11It looks like a potato

01:26:13It is about the same size as Pluto

01:26:15And has rings similar to those of Saturn

01:26:17If you want to find it one day

01:26:19It is located somewhere beyond the orbit of Neptune

01:26:21Nachos

01:26:23Were not invented so long ago

01:26:25In Mexico

01:26:27Nachos

01:26:29Nachos

01:26:31Nachos

01:26:33Nachos

01:26:35Nachos

01:26:37Nachos

01:26:39Nachos

01:26:41Nachos

01:26:43Nachos

01:26:45Nachos

01:26:47Nachos

01:26:49Nachos

01:26:51Nachos

01:26:53Nachos

01:26:55Nachos

01:26:57Nachos

01:26:59Nachos

01:27:01Nachos

01:27:03Nachos

01:27:05Nachos

01:27:07Nachos

01:27:09Nachos

01:27:11Nachos

01:27:13Nachos

01:27:15Nachos

01:27:17Nachos

01:27:19Nachos

01:27:21Nachos

01:27:23Nachos

01:27:25Nachos

01:27:27Nachos

01:27:29Nachos

01:27:31Nachos

01:27:33Nachos

01:27:35Nachos

01:27:37Nachos

01:27:39Nachos

01:27:41Nachos

01:27:43Nachos

01:27:45Nachos

01:27:47Nachos

01:27:49Nachos

01:27:51Nachos

01:27:53Nachos

01:27:55Nachos

01:27:57Nachos

01:27:59Nachos

01:28:01Nachos

01:28:03Nachos

01:28:05Nachos

01:28:07Nachos

01:28:09Nachos

01:28:11Nachos

01:28:13Nachos

01:28:15Nachos

01:28:17Nachos

01:28:19who can become a knight.

01:28:20The Manchots can too.

01:28:22There is even one who lives in Edinburgh

01:28:24and he was made a knight in 2008.

01:28:26Here is Nils Olaf III,

01:28:28the mascot and colonel-in-chief

01:28:30of the Norwegian Royal Guard.

01:28:33How tall are you?

01:28:35I bet your feet are smaller

01:28:37than those of the Statue of Liberty.

01:28:39No statue really needs shoes.

01:28:41But if it lets you buy new sneakers,

01:28:44it would have to be 879.

01:28:47It's not surprising.

01:28:48They are still 46 meters tall.

01:28:51These are our muscles

01:28:52that give us the chicken skin.

01:28:54We call these little muscles

01:28:56the hair pullers.

01:28:57And they are at the base

01:28:59of each hair follicle.

01:29:00Every time it's cold,

01:29:02they contract,

01:29:03which makes our hair stand up,

01:29:04creating this well-known

01:29:06frilly chicken skin.

01:29:08You may think you're not very sporty,

01:29:10but if you have already ironed your clothes

01:29:12in an uncomfortable place and position,

01:29:14you are without knowing it,

01:29:16in a way.

01:29:17Extreme ironing is a sport

01:29:19in which people take ironing boards

01:29:21to the most unexpected places.

01:29:23Forests, for example,

01:29:24on canoes or in the mountains

01:29:26to iron their clothes.

01:29:27Some even do it

01:29:28at the top of big bronze statues

01:29:30or underwater.

01:29:31And yes,

01:29:32there are even official championships.

01:29:34So have these people

01:29:35never heard of

01:29:36unfreezing fabrics?

01:29:38Rap battles are not as recent

01:29:40as it is generally believed.

01:29:41In the late Middle Ages,

01:29:43there were verbal fights,

01:29:44and it looked a lot like

01:29:46the famous battles in the world of hip-hop.

01:29:48They were very popular

01:29:49in the 15th and 16th centuries.

01:29:50Two opponents

01:29:51had to make fun of each other

01:29:53by improvising their lines.

01:29:55According to some cartographers of the language,

01:29:57we would have different areas

01:29:58for different tastes.

01:30:00But that's wrong.

01:30:01Some of our taste buds

01:30:02are more sensitive

01:30:03to certain tastes than others.

01:30:05But that does not mean

01:30:06that a particular area

01:30:07is more sensitive

01:30:08to sweet tastes than another.

01:30:09For example,

01:30:10according to recent studies,

01:30:11all areas of the language

01:30:13have taste buds

01:30:14sensitive to all tastes.

01:30:15Chameleons do not change color

01:30:17to be able to adapt

01:30:18to their environment.

01:30:19It would probably be very tiring.

01:30:21In reality,

01:30:22it is their mood,

01:30:23temperature,

01:30:24or intensity of light

01:30:25that influence this phenomenon.

01:30:27When chameleons relax

01:30:29and stretch their cells,

01:30:30the crystals inside them

01:30:32are affected by light.

01:30:33These reptiles

01:30:34use these crystals

01:30:35to communicate with each other,

01:30:37so, for example,

01:30:38darker shades

01:30:39show that they are not in a very good mood.

01:30:41They are even rather grumpy.

01:30:43Beware of the grumpy chameleon.

01:30:46Dwarfs can blush,

01:30:48just like people.

01:30:49It works the same way.

01:30:50They blush when they are angry,

01:30:52excited,

01:30:53or when they feel bad.

01:30:54The skin of their necks

01:30:55and heads

01:30:56becomes all red.

01:30:57Opossums

01:30:58do not really sleep

01:30:59by hanging by the tail.

01:31:01It is common in cartoons

01:31:02and in some photos,

01:31:03but it is not a reality.

01:31:05Their tails are very strong,

01:31:06which allows these animals

01:31:08to cling to the branches

01:31:09and stay suspended there,

01:31:10but only for short periods.

01:31:12And adults

01:31:13are too heavy

01:31:14to stay in this position

01:31:15for a very long time.

01:31:16So it would not be very relaxing

01:31:17for them

01:31:18if they tried to sleep like that.

01:31:19Hanging by the tail

01:31:20all night

01:31:21is even the pinnacle of the impossible,

01:31:23the impossible,

01:31:24so to speak.

01:31:25There are things

01:31:26about your body

01:31:27that you think you are absolutely sure about,

01:31:29aren't there?

01:31:31Can you guess

01:31:32what is a myth

01:31:33or a reality?

01:31:34One point

01:31:35for each correct answer.

01:31:37Tell me about your score

01:31:38in the comments.

01:31:39White eggs

01:31:40are more nutritious

01:31:41than white eggs.

01:31:42Myth

01:31:43or reality?

01:31:44Myth.

01:31:45There is no difference

01:31:46that says that white eggs

01:31:47are healthier than white eggs.

01:31:48The only difference

01:31:49is the color of the shell of the egg.

01:31:50This sign

01:31:51has no impact

01:31:52on its nutrition

01:31:53or its quality.

01:31:54It depends on the type of hen.

01:31:56Hens whose earlobe

01:31:57is white

01:31:58tend to have white eggs.

01:32:02Have you ever heard

01:32:03that a large part

01:32:04of the dust in your house

01:32:05is actually dead skin?

01:32:07Not great, I know.

01:32:09Do you think it's a myth

01:32:10or a reality?

01:32:11It's a myth.

01:32:12You don't just

01:32:13sweep skin films

01:32:14on the floor.

01:32:15There are many other components

01:32:16that make up

01:32:17the dust in your house.

01:32:18Fibers,

01:32:19hair,

01:32:20building materials,

01:32:21mold,

01:32:22pollen,

01:32:23pieces of insects

01:32:24and ashes

01:32:25are part of it,

01:32:26according to a study

01:32:27conducted on Canadian houses.

01:32:28This is logical

01:32:29because a house

01:32:30near a very busy highway

01:32:31or in a renovation area

01:32:32is more dusty

01:32:33than a house

01:32:34in the middle of a forest.

01:32:37Skin is our biggest organ.

01:32:38Is it a fact

01:32:39or a myth?

01:32:41It's a fact.

01:32:42You might think

01:32:43that the intestine

01:32:44is quite big

01:32:45when you unfold it.

01:32:46But no.

01:32:47It's the skin

01:32:48that wins the competition.

01:32:49An adult

01:32:50weighs about 3.5 kg

01:32:51or 2 m² of skin.

01:32:55You can't imagine

01:32:56without skin.

01:32:57It's not just there

01:32:58to cover our body.

01:32:59It also plays

01:33:00an essential role

01:33:01in our protection.

01:33:03You can't breathe

01:33:04and swallow at the same time.

01:33:05Myth or reality?

01:33:07Reality.

01:33:09Maybe you already

01:33:10know the answer.

01:33:11But you still tried

01:33:12after reading this.

01:33:13So see it for yourself.

01:33:14In your throat,

01:33:15there are two important passages

01:33:16for your survival.

01:33:18I put aside

01:33:19the sophisticated medical names

01:33:20and I would call them

01:33:21respiratory tract

01:33:22and food tube.

01:33:23They prevent breathing

01:33:24and swallowing at the same time.

01:33:26Otherwise,

01:33:27food would enter

01:33:28the respiratory tract

01:33:29and cause serious complications.

01:33:34This doesn't always

01:33:35happen as planned.

01:33:37That's why sometimes

01:33:38we end up coughing

01:33:39and we need a piece of food

01:33:40to reach our lungs.

01:33:42In addition to having

01:33:43unique fingerprints,

01:33:44humans also have

01:33:45unique language fingerprints.

01:33:47Myth or reality?

01:33:49Reality.

01:33:50The human language

01:33:51is quite incredible

01:33:52in all the characteristics

01:33:53that allow us

01:33:54to taste food.

01:33:55It is also unique

01:33:56in its texture.

01:33:57People use

01:33:58biometric systems

01:33:59such as digital fingerprints,

01:34:00vocal scans

01:34:01and iris scans

01:34:02to identify themselves.

01:34:03It plays an important role

01:34:04in the identification

01:34:05and verification phases.

01:34:07The language fingerprint

01:34:08is just as unique.

01:34:09It is therefore very difficult

01:34:10to copy it.

01:34:11It could also be used

01:34:12as a tool

01:34:13for biometric systems.

01:34:14And if people started

01:34:15to use this system

01:34:16in their daily lives

01:34:17for security reasons,

01:34:18imagine that you can

01:34:19lock a safe

01:34:20or your phone

01:34:21with the fingerprint

01:34:22of your language.

01:34:23An adult spends

01:34:24three hours a week

01:34:25in the office.

01:34:26Do you think

01:34:27it's a reality

01:34:28or a myth?

01:34:29It's a reality.

01:34:30A survey

01:34:31carried out by scientists

01:34:32reveals that an average adult

01:34:33spends three hours

01:34:34and nine minutes

01:34:35on the throne

01:34:36every week.

01:34:37This is more than

01:34:38the time spent

01:34:39doing exercise.

01:34:40Take your time.

01:34:41No need to rush.

01:34:43You swallow

01:34:44eight spiders a year

01:34:45during your sleep.

01:34:46Myth or reality?

01:34:47Don't believe it for a second.

01:34:48Fortunately for us

01:34:49and for the spiders,

01:34:50of course.

01:34:51It's not true.

01:34:53So don't be afraid

01:34:54and have a good night's sleep.

01:34:55Most spiders

01:34:56do not voluntarily

01:34:57approach humans.

01:34:58In addition,

01:34:59the vibrations

01:35:00that come from

01:35:01a sleeping person

01:35:02can be strange for them.

01:35:03Or maybe the spider

01:35:04is just used

01:35:05to your neighborhood.

01:35:06Or maybe it's just

01:35:07tenants sharing a room.

01:35:08As long as there is

01:35:09no tangible proof,

01:35:10I call it a myth.

01:35:12Your femur can withstand

01:35:13thousands of pounds

01:35:14of pressure.

01:35:15Do you think

01:35:16it's a myth

01:35:17or a reality?

01:35:18Yes, it's a reality.

01:35:20The femur

01:35:21is located

01:35:22on the upper part

01:35:23of the leg.

01:35:24Experts say

01:35:25that this bone

01:35:26is difficult to break.

01:35:30It is one of the two

01:35:31most solid bones

01:35:32of our anatomy.

01:35:34The first

01:35:35is the temporal bone

01:35:36of the skull.

01:35:37Sometimes you ask yourself

01:35:38the question.

01:35:40Anyway,

01:35:41a solid bone

01:35:42can withstand

01:35:4330 times more

01:35:44than the weight

01:35:45of your body.

01:35:46It may be because

01:35:47the femur

01:35:48is the longest

01:35:49and largest bone

01:35:50of the human body.

01:35:51Do you think

01:35:52shaving your hair

01:35:53makes them grow

01:35:54thicker?

01:35:55Myth or reality?

01:35:56Look how I

01:35:57demolish this myth.

01:35:58Experts say

01:35:59that shaving

01:36:00does not affect

01:36:01the thickness of the hair.

01:36:02So the root

01:36:03is still there.

01:36:04You only shave

01:36:05the upper part.

01:36:06After shaving,

01:36:07the hair grows

01:36:08in an obtuse way

01:36:09because it has just been cut.

01:36:10That's why you can

01:36:11have the impression

01:36:12that it becomes thicker.

01:36:13You can eat

01:36:14food that stays

01:36:15on the ground

01:36:16for 5 seconds

01:36:17or less without danger.

01:36:18Is it a reality

01:36:19or a myth?

01:36:20Sorry to counteract

01:36:21this ultimate excuse

01:36:22that justified

01:36:23eating everything

01:36:24that could have fallen

01:36:25on the ground.

01:36:26There is no 5-second rule.

01:36:27Researchers have discovered

01:36:28that a substantial amount

01:36:29of bacteria

01:36:30transfers to food

01:36:31Humidity of food

01:36:32has a direct impact

01:36:33on contamination.

01:36:34Imagine that you drop

01:36:35a slice of watermelon

01:36:36and crisps on the ground.

01:36:37I don't know why

01:36:38you would eat them together

01:36:39or how you would end up

01:36:40dropping them both

01:36:41but let's continue

01:36:42with this example.

01:36:43The watermelon

01:36:44will be more contaminated

01:36:45than the crisps.

01:36:46Because the watermelon

01:36:47contains more humidity,

01:36:48the surface of it

01:36:49is more vulnerable

01:36:50to the transfer

01:36:51of bacteria.

01:36:52Blondes and redheads

01:36:53could soon disappear.

01:36:54Myth or reality?

01:36:55Easy, right?

01:36:56It's

01:36:57a myth

01:36:58or a reality.

01:36:59Easy, right?

01:37:00It's

01:37:01a myth.

01:37:02Redheads

01:37:03or blondes

01:37:04are linked

01:37:05to recessive genes.

01:37:06They can be transmitted

01:37:07from one generation

01:37:08to the next

01:37:09without changing

01:37:10the color of the wearer's hair.

01:37:11If both parents

01:37:12have good

01:37:13recessive genes,

01:37:14there is a good chance

01:37:15that the next generation

01:37:16will have redheads

01:37:17or blondes.

01:37:18These genes

01:37:19are rare

01:37:20but the populations

01:37:21continue to carry them

01:37:22so that they

01:37:23don't get lost

01:37:24forever.

01:37:25For this to happen,

01:37:26all the people

01:37:27on the planet

01:37:28who carry these genes

01:37:29literally disappear.

01:37:30So the chances

01:37:31are relatively low.

01:37:35Drinking coffee

01:37:36dehydrates you.

01:37:37Is it a fact

01:37:38or a myth?

01:37:39Myth!

01:37:40You can enjoy

01:37:41your morning coffee.

01:37:42Okay,

01:37:43you may go to the bathroom

01:37:44more often

01:37:45after drinking coffee

01:37:46but that doesn't mean

01:37:47you lose more water.

01:37:48Many studies

01:37:49have been carried out

01:37:50on the effects

01:37:51of caffeine.

01:37:52Some of these studies

01:37:53have revealed

01:37:54that drinking

01:37:55a reasonable amount

01:37:56of coffee a day

01:37:57reduces the risk

01:37:58of dehydration.

01:38:01Eating yogurt

01:38:02facilitates digestion.

01:38:03Do you think

01:38:04it's a fact

01:38:05or another myth?

01:38:06It's a fact

01:38:07but with the right choice

01:38:08of yogurt.

01:38:09Yogurt is a food

01:38:10that contains

01:38:11probiotics.

01:38:12These are the good bacteria

01:38:13that make everything

01:38:14go well

01:38:15in your intestine.

01:38:16Eating yogurt alone

01:38:17may not be enough

01:38:18to have

01:38:19a healthy digestive system.

01:38:21It supports

01:38:22the digestive system

01:38:23efficiently.

01:38:24However,

01:38:25don't forget

01:38:26that all yogurts

01:38:27are not the same.

01:38:28Some contain sugar

01:38:29or fillings

01:38:30like sweets

01:38:31or biscuits.

01:38:32Classic yogurts

01:38:33are preferred.

01:38:35Your hair

01:38:36will grow faster

01:38:37if you cut them

01:38:38more often.

01:38:39Reality or myth?

01:38:40We have always said

01:38:41not to cry too much

01:38:42about the hair

01:38:43we lost

01:38:44because it grew back

01:38:45faster.

01:38:46Unfortunately,

01:38:47the growth rate

01:38:48of hair

01:38:49does not depend

01:38:50on the frequency

01:38:51of hair cutting.

01:38:52The average growth rate

01:38:53of hair

01:38:54is about 0.3 mm

01:38:55per year.

01:38:56In addition,

01:38:57many factors

01:38:58affect it.

01:38:59Age,

01:39:00hormones

01:39:01and even

01:39:02the period of the year.

01:39:03This is news

01:39:04that could encourage

01:39:05some people

01:39:06to postpone

01:39:07their next appointment

01:39:08at the hairdresser.

01:39:09You need

01:39:10a drop of liquid,

01:39:11a super-quality

01:39:123D printer

01:39:13and about 2 hours

01:39:14of work

01:39:15to make

01:39:16a tiny fidget spinner.

01:39:17It will be less

01:39:18wide than

01:39:19a strand of hair.

01:39:20This is what

01:39:21researchers

01:39:22at the Oak Ridge

01:39:23National Laboratory

01:39:24found.

01:39:25In fact,

01:39:26double-cream Oreos

01:39:27are not

01:39:28double-stuffed.

01:39:29A math teacher

01:39:30weighed 10 classic Oreos,

01:39:3110 double-cream Oreos

01:39:32and 10 mega-stuffed Oreos.

01:39:33Double-cream Oreos

01:39:34are only

01:39:351.86 times

01:39:36the weight

01:39:37of classic Oreos.

01:39:40Chipotle

01:39:41are not

01:39:42peppers

01:39:43of a particular variety.

01:39:44They are simply

01:39:45dried and smoked

01:39:46jalapeños.

01:39:49In the form of a gas,

01:39:50oxygen

01:39:51has no smell

01:39:52or color.

01:39:53But when it is

01:39:54liquid

01:39:55or solid,

01:39:56it is light blue.

01:39:58The stars

01:39:59caught by black holes

01:40:00are destroyed

01:40:01by their enormous

01:40:02gravitational force.

01:40:04Pieces of these stars

01:40:05are sucked

01:40:06by the black hole.

01:40:08The rest,

01:40:09in the form

01:40:10of plasma jets,

01:40:11is ejected

01:40:12with such force

01:40:13that it travels

01:40:14light years away.

01:40:17Recently,

01:40:18researchers decided

01:40:19to redraw

01:40:20the genealogical tree

01:40:21of dinosaurs

01:40:22in 130 years.

01:40:25It would seem

01:40:26that two species

01:40:27of dinosaurs

01:40:28should have been

01:40:29grouped from the beginning.

01:40:30These are

01:40:31carnivorous dinosaurs

01:40:32with reptile basins,

01:40:33such as the T-Rex,

01:40:34and vegetarian dinosaurs

01:40:35with bird basins,

01:40:36such as the Stegosaurus.

01:40:38A camel

01:40:39can drink up to

01:40:40113 liters of water

01:40:41in just over 10 minutes.

01:40:43This water

01:40:44is stored

01:40:45in the animal's

01:40:46blood system.

01:40:47As for its bone,

01:40:48it is a reserve

01:40:49of fat for periods

01:40:50of food deficiency.

01:40:52Some marine animals,

01:40:53such as salmon

01:40:54and turtles,

01:40:55use terrestrial

01:40:56magnetic fields

01:40:57to locate themselves.

01:40:59Your lungs

01:41:00are not just there

01:41:01to make you breathe.

01:41:02They also produce

01:41:03red blood cells.

01:41:04These are the cells

01:41:05responsible for coagulation.

01:41:08Lungs

01:41:09produce more than

01:41:1010 million of these

01:41:11small cells per hour.

01:41:14There are only two letters

01:41:15that never appear

01:41:16on the periodic table.

01:41:18The J and the Q.

01:41:21If you throw a ball

01:41:22at yourself,

01:41:23it will fly.

01:41:25This is the Magnus effect.

01:41:28You can see this phenomenon

01:41:29in several sports,

01:41:30such as tennis

01:41:31or baseball.

01:41:35Anathedaophobia

01:41:36is the fear

01:41:37that at any time,

01:41:38anywhere in the world,

01:41:39a duck or a goat

01:41:40can observe

01:41:41the person suffering

01:41:42from the phobia.

01:41:43I'm watching you.

01:41:44The person is not necessarily

01:41:45afraid that the duck

01:41:46or the goat

01:41:47will approach

01:41:48or come into contact

01:41:49with the animal.

01:41:50It's just the fear

01:41:51of being observed.

01:41:54This phobia

01:41:55was described for the first time

01:41:56in a comic book

01:41:57to show that everyone

01:41:58can be afraid of something.

01:42:00Everything can become a phobia.

01:42:02A duck that would

01:42:03constantly observe me

01:42:04would certainly give me

01:42:05the flesh of a chicken.

01:42:09Favorite fruit candies

01:42:10are shiny

01:42:11because they are probably

01:42:12covered in carnauba wax.

01:42:14This wax is sometimes

01:42:15used on fruits

01:42:16like apples.

01:42:18It makes candies

01:42:19and fruits shine

01:42:21but also cars.

01:42:25Peaches

01:42:26and nectarines

01:42:27seem different

01:42:28but in reality

01:42:29they are the same fruit.

01:42:31The very soft gene

01:42:32is dominant in peaches

01:42:33while if it is not,

01:42:34we get smooth

01:42:35nectarines.

01:42:39Crows are gifted

01:42:40to recognize

01:42:41people's faces

01:42:42and they remember them for a long time.

01:42:43It can be a good

01:42:44or a bad thing

01:42:45depending on

01:42:46your behavior with them.

01:42:48It is better

01:42:49not to meet a crow

01:42:50that has one after you.

01:42:52You probably

01:42:53don't know how to distinguish

01:42:54a crow from another crow

01:42:55so it is better

01:42:56to say hello to them all.

01:43:01In the city of Yoro,

01:43:02in Central America,

01:43:03fish rains

01:43:04fall every year.

01:43:08Residents

01:43:09don't have a choice.

01:43:10Every year,

01:43:11in May or June,

01:43:12a torrential rain

01:43:13crosses the city

01:43:14leaving fish

01:43:15agonizing in the street.

01:43:19It seems that

01:43:20the phenomenon

01:43:21is caused by

01:43:22water pipes

01:43:23or tornadoes

01:43:24that would transport

01:43:25the fish.

01:43:27Express delivery

01:43:28of seafood.

01:43:29Oh yeah!

01:43:31A single strand

01:43:32of spaghetti

01:43:33is called

01:43:34a spaghetto.

01:43:37In Italian,

01:43:38the Italian word

01:43:39with an I

01:43:40at the end of the word

01:43:41marks the plural.

01:43:43And water

01:43:44is a mark of the singular.

01:43:46It is valid for everything.

01:43:47We say gnocco

01:43:48for a single gnocchi,

01:43:50tortellino

01:43:51for a single tortellini

01:43:52and raviolo

01:43:53for a single mouthful

01:43:54of this delight.

01:43:58Water can freeze

01:43:59and boil at the same time.

01:44:01It is called

01:44:02the triple point.

01:44:03It is the moment

01:44:04when a substance

01:44:05can be solid,

01:44:06liquid and gaseous

01:44:07at the same time.

01:44:08It is closely related

01:44:09to pressure

01:44:10and temperature.

01:44:13We are used

01:44:14to having

01:44:15a white sauce.

01:44:16But in reality,

01:44:17the producers

01:44:18generally add

01:44:19titanium dioxide

01:44:20to make it as white

01:44:21as our sunscreen.

01:44:22Ah!

01:44:23The sunscreen producers

01:44:24also add

01:44:25titanium dioxide

01:44:26to their products.

01:44:27It is also valid

01:44:28for the Caesar sauce

01:44:29and the blue cheese sauce.

01:44:31Our Moon

01:44:32had an atmosphere.

01:44:34About 4 billion years ago,

01:44:35volcanic eruptions

01:44:36were verified

01:44:37on our satellite.

01:44:39They released

01:44:40huge volumes of gas,

01:44:41thousands of billions of tons,

01:44:43volumes too large

01:44:44to escape

01:44:45into space.

01:44:47That is how

01:44:48this atmosphere was formed.

01:44:51Cold water heats

01:44:52faster than hot water.

01:44:53The speed of this process

01:44:54depends on the temperature

01:44:55difference

01:44:56between the liquid

01:44:57and its environment.

01:44:59That is why cold water

01:45:00needs less time

01:45:01to absorb heat.

01:45:02But that does not mean

01:45:03it will boil faster

01:45:04than hot water.

01:45:07Zealandia

01:45:08is a submerged

01:45:09continental block

01:45:10in the Pacific Ocean.

01:45:11It is often described

01:45:12as a fragment

01:45:13or a microcontinent.

01:45:15It measures almost

01:45:162 million square metres,

01:45:18half of the United States.

01:45:21It was submerged

01:45:22about 23 million years ago.

01:45:25New Zealand

01:45:26is the largest part

01:45:27of Zealandia

01:45:28still on the surface.

01:45:30Human beings

01:45:31are still evolving.

01:45:32Researchers have found

01:45:33several million

01:45:34human anomalies.

01:45:36It turns out

01:45:37that some dangerous genes

01:45:38are gradually

01:45:39eliminated

01:45:40from DNA.

01:45:44Stars sparkle

01:45:45because of turbulence

01:45:46in the Earth's atmosphere.

01:45:48They deflect the light

01:45:49from the stars

01:45:50before they reach your eyes.

01:45:53It gives this sparkling effect.

01:45:57Water travels the world

01:45:58in a thousand years.

01:46:02This phenomenon

01:46:03is called the thermohaline loop.

01:46:06The bismuth

01:46:07is a white,

01:46:08fragile metal

01:46:09with a pink hue.

01:46:11If you melt it

01:46:12and let it cool down

01:46:13very slowly,

01:46:14it forms

01:46:15iridescent cubic crystals.

01:46:18Skittles

01:46:19and M&M's

01:46:20are coloured with

01:46:22coleopters.

01:46:24The red food colouring

01:46:25is made

01:46:26from carmine

01:46:27from cochineal.

01:46:29Red lipstick

01:46:30is also made

01:46:31from cochineal.

01:46:32Stones, metals

01:46:33and other minerals

01:46:34that form the Earth

01:46:35are not distributed

01:46:36homogeneously

01:46:37on the planet.

01:46:41This has several consequences,

01:46:42including the variation

01:46:43of gravity

01:46:44depending on

01:46:45where you are.

01:46:47The altitude

01:46:48also has an effect.

01:46:50When you are at the top

01:46:51of Mount Everest,

01:46:52you weigh slightly less.

01:46:54Don't look down!

01:46:57According to a researcher,

01:46:58there was a substance

01:46:59in ancient microbes

01:47:00before the evolution

01:47:01of chlorophyll.

01:47:03It is the substance

01:47:04that makes plants

01:47:05green on Earth.

01:47:07This substance

01:47:08reflected the sunlight

01:47:09in red and purple,

01:47:10which gave

01:47:11a bright purple.

01:47:13If this hypothesis

01:47:14was true,

01:47:15the Earth

01:47:16would have been

01:47:17full of purple animals

01:47:18before the arrival

01:47:19of greenery.

01:47:21Apples have a better taste

01:47:22when they are cut

01:47:23because they are

01:47:24exposed to oxygen.

01:47:25Oxygen activates

01:47:26an enzyme

01:47:27called polyphenoloxidase,

01:47:28responsible for

01:47:29maturation

01:47:30and fruit ripening.

01:47:31This phenomenon

01:47:32also occurs

01:47:33when you hit an apple.

01:47:34Oxygen enters

01:47:35through small cracks

01:47:36caused by the impact

01:47:37and the fruit

01:47:38begins to ripen.

01:47:39Do you like white chocolate?

01:47:40Well, in reality,

01:47:41it is not chocolate

01:47:42at all.

01:47:43It is a mixture

01:47:44of sugar,

01:47:45milk,

01:47:46vanilla

01:47:47and cocoa butter.

01:47:48Cocoa butter

01:47:49is not enough

01:47:50to make chocolate.

01:47:51It lacks powder

01:47:52or chocolate liqueur.

01:47:54The only product

01:47:55that never perishes,

01:47:56even if it is not

01:47:57stored in the fridge,

01:47:58is honey.

01:47:59It has a low pH

01:48:00and contains a lot of sugar.

01:48:01Bacteria

01:48:02that cause

01:48:03the deterioration

01:48:04of food

01:48:05do not survive

01:48:06in honey.

01:48:07If two pieces of metal

01:48:08touch each other

01:48:09in space,

01:48:10they join

01:48:11and fuse.

01:48:12This does not happen

01:48:13on Earth

01:48:14because water

01:48:15and air

01:48:16separate food.

01:48:17People

01:48:18would be more honest

01:48:19when they are tired.

01:48:20It is assumed

01:48:21that this is why

01:48:22confessions

01:48:23are usually

01:48:24made late at night.

01:48:25Firefighters

01:48:26extinguish fire

01:48:27with wet water.

01:48:28It is water

01:48:29mixed with

01:48:30wet agents.

01:48:31It is a chemical product

01:48:32that helps water

01:48:33to permeate objects

01:48:34and spread

01:48:35more easily.

01:48:38The sun

01:48:39is a medium-sized star.

01:48:41However,

01:48:42it is 1,300,000 times

01:48:43the size of the Earth

01:48:44and weighs

01:48:45333,000 times more.

01:48:51We can dictate

01:48:52our e-mails

01:48:53in Morse

01:48:54since 2004.

01:48:55This date

01:48:56corresponds

01:48:57to the codification

01:48:58date

01:48:59of the arrow symbol.

01:49:00The arrow

01:49:01is also called

01:49:02comat

01:49:03for commercial A

01:49:04and corresponds

01:49:05to the letters

01:49:06A and C

01:49:07combined.

01:49:10The Empire State Building

01:49:11tower

01:49:12was designed

01:49:13to serve

01:49:14as a reception

01:49:15station

01:49:16for the managers.

01:49:17At the time,

01:49:18people thought

01:49:19that these machines

01:49:20would become

01:49:21the main means

01:49:22of transport

01:49:23of the future.

01:49:24The project

01:49:25included bridges,

01:49:27but engineers realized

01:49:28that the wind up there

01:49:29was too strong

01:49:30for their plans

01:49:31and gave up

01:49:32on their idea.

01:49:33The Salto Rangel

01:49:34is the highest

01:49:35waterfall

01:49:36on the planet

01:49:37and more than

01:49:38twice as high

01:49:39as the Empire State Building.

01:49:40During the dry season,

01:49:41the falling water

01:49:42sometimes evaporates

01:49:43before reaching the ground.

01:49:46The Blue Pelin

01:49:47is one of the most mysterious

01:49:48sounds ever heard

01:49:49on Earth.

01:49:50It occurred in 1997

01:49:51and resembled

01:49:52the sounds

01:49:53of marine animals.

01:49:54But the volume

01:49:55was too important

01:49:56for a sound

01:49:57produced by

01:49:58a living creature.

01:49:59The bloop

01:50:00continued for a minute.

01:50:01It started

01:50:02with a deaf grunt

01:50:03and then increased

01:50:04in frequency.

01:50:05Although Antarctica

01:50:06may look like

01:50:07a huge ice field,

01:50:08there is actually

01:50:09a huge continent

01:50:10below.

01:50:11This means

01:50:12that there are

01:50:13volcanoes,

01:50:14mountains

01:50:15and valleys

01:50:16like on any other continent.

01:50:17Scientists

01:50:18have recently discovered

01:50:19that the continental mass

01:50:20of Antarctica

01:50:21had the lowest point

01:50:22on the planet

01:50:23outside the oceans

01:50:24as well as

01:50:25huge mountain ranges.

01:50:26If one of these

01:50:27numerous volcanoes

01:50:28erupted,

01:50:29it would melt

01:50:30a huge part

01:50:31of the surface ice

01:50:32and increase

01:50:33the ice

01:50:34in the ocean.

01:50:35The sea level

01:50:36would increase

01:50:37and flood

01:50:38the coastal areas

01:50:39of the entire world.

01:50:40The oceans

01:50:41would also be disturbed,

01:50:42putting marine life

01:50:43in danger.

01:50:44Fortunately,

01:50:45all these volcanoes

01:50:46are asleep

01:50:47for the moment.

01:50:48A day

01:50:49at the South Pole

01:50:50lasts six months

01:50:51on this continent.

01:50:52The South Pole

01:50:53has only one sunset

01:50:54and one sunrise

01:50:55over an entire year.

01:50:56The primitive Earth

01:50:57could have been

01:50:58purple

01:50:59and not green.

01:51:00There is a theory

01:51:01that says

01:51:02ancient microbes

01:51:03used molecules

01:51:04other than chlorophyll

01:51:05to absorb

01:51:06sunlight.

01:51:07These molecules

01:51:08probably gave

01:51:09living organisms

01:51:10a purple hue.

01:51:11At the Stone Age,

01:51:12the total population

01:51:13of Central Europe

01:51:14was about 1,500 people,

01:51:15which means

01:51:16that they could have

01:51:17held everything

01:51:18on a crossbow

01:51:19and a bow

01:51:20and a bow

01:51:21and a bow

01:51:22to make a modern

01:51:23middle-sized

01:51:24crossbow.

01:51:25Astronomers

01:51:26have discovered

01:51:27that the Milky Way

01:51:28weighed about

01:51:291,500 billion

01:51:30solar masses

01:51:31knowing that

01:51:32a solar mass

01:51:33is the mass

01:51:34of our sun.

01:51:35A very small part

01:51:36of that mass

01:51:37is made up

01:51:38of a supermassive

01:51:39black hole

01:51:40in the center

01:51:41of the galaxy,

01:51:424 million solar masses

01:51:43and 200 billion stars.

01:51:44The rest

01:51:45is black material

01:51:46mysterious

01:51:47and invisible.

01:51:48If all the layers

01:51:50of ice

01:51:51At the same time, the sea level rose to the height of a 26-story building.

01:51:57Under the black light, or UV, the bananas that ripen have a bright blue color.

01:52:01It is because of the chlorophyll that breaks down when the fruit ripens.

01:52:06Because of the movement of the tectonic plates, the Pacific Ocean shrinks every year,

01:52:11and the Atlantic Ocean increases in the same proportion.

01:52:14Today, there are only two glacial caps in the world,

01:52:18dating from the last glacial period of the planet.

01:52:21The first is the Glacier Cap of Greenland.

01:52:23The second, huge, is that of Antarctica.

01:52:26It is the size of Mexico and the United States combined.

01:52:30Tsunami waves often pass unnoticed in the middle of the sea.

01:52:33They do not rise more than a few centimeters above the surface

01:52:36until they reach shallow waters.

01:52:39But when the ocean is deep,

01:52:41they can travel as fast as a long-haul airliner.

01:52:45The corals that live in shallow waters

01:52:47produce their own protection against the sun.

01:52:50In them, sunlight would harm the algae that live inside them.

01:52:54To protect these algae, which are the main source of food for corals,

01:52:58they become fluorescent.

01:53:00This process makes it possible to make proteins that act like a solar screen.

01:53:05Nearly 90% of all volcanic activity on Earth occurs in the oceans.

01:53:10The South Pacific has the largest concentration of volcanoes that we know of.

01:53:14A group of volcanoes in particular has 1,133 volcanic cones.

01:53:18They are all active and enclosed in an area the size of New York State.

01:53:23The Zemschug Canyon, in the middle of the Bering Sea,

01:53:26is the largest underwater canyon ever discovered.

01:53:30There are more treasures and artifacts at the bottom of the ocean

01:53:33than in all the museums of the world combined.

01:53:36In 1900, one of the largest hurricanes ever hit Central America and the Gulf of Mexico.

01:53:42It then continued its course to Florida and Texas,

01:53:45and it is considered the most devastating hurricane in the history of the United States.

01:53:50It was detected for the first time on August 27 and lasted several days.

01:53:54When it reached the Texas coast,

01:53:56the storm turned into a category 4 hurricane.

01:53:59Hurricanes are classified according to the speed and intensity of the winds

01:54:03with the help of a scale called the Saffir-Simpson scale.

01:54:06There are 5 categories, ranging from 1 to 5,

01:54:091 being the weakest and 5 the strongest.

01:54:12The inhabitants of Galveston had less than 4 days to prepare for the arrival of the hurricane,

01:54:17which even reached Oklahoma and Kansas.

01:54:20The great hurricane then headed for the Great Plains

01:54:23and swept towards the Great Lakes, New England, and reached Southeast Canada.

01:54:28The storm was so violent that more than 3,600 houses were damaged,

01:54:33even if they were strong enough to resist.

01:54:36Given the population of the time,

01:54:38this is equivalent to hundreds of thousands of houses destroyed, or even millions.

01:54:43Spotted Lake is often considered the most magical place in Canada.

01:54:48In winter and spring, it's just an ordinary lake that looks like any other.

01:54:52But try to go there in the summer, when the water starts to evaporate.

01:54:56You'll feel like you're in another world,

01:54:59a woodland landscape with blue, green, and yellow spots.

01:55:03During the summer, there are more than 300 pools here, and they all look magical.

01:55:07Over the centuries, people have believed that each of them had different curative properties.

01:55:12The explanation for these sparkling colors is pure science.

01:55:15Each of them has a strong concentration of different minerals.

01:55:19We actually live inside the sun.

01:55:21Its atmosphere extends well beyond its visible surface,

01:55:24and even if the Earth is 150 million kilometers away from the star,

01:55:28it is always close to the atmosphere of the sun.

01:55:31Polar auroras occur when charged particles from the sun

01:55:35are captured by the Earth's magnetic field

01:55:38and crash into the high atmosphere near the poles.

01:55:41The rotation speed of our planet is gradually decreasing.

01:55:45It happens at a calm rate of 17 milliseconds per slice of 100 years.

01:55:49Because of this, our days are getting longer and longer.

01:55:52And yet, it is only after 140 million years that a day on Earth will last 25 hours.

01:55:58Antarctica, the southernmost continent of the Earth, is only the fifth largest.

01:56:02But it contains nearly 70% of the planet's fresh water

01:56:06and 90% of the world's ice.

01:56:08Antarctica is also considered a desert.

01:56:11Many rocks on Earth have a Martian origin.

01:56:14Scientists have analyzed the chemical content

01:56:17of some meteorites found in the Sahara Desert,

01:56:20Antarctica and other places,

01:56:22and it turned out that these rocks came from the Red Planet.

01:56:27The world's largest sand castle is in Denmark.

01:56:30The 30 sculptors who created it used more than 5,000 tons of sand.

01:56:34To make it more durable, they added 10% clay and a layer of glue.

01:56:39They built it to resist long and stormy winters.

01:56:44Some photons that are not absorbed are re-emitted

01:56:47and their wavelength determines the color we see.

01:56:50When you expose a material to sunlight or to photons of higher energy,

01:56:54it can damage its chromophores.

01:56:57That's why they can't emit photons at certain wavelengths.

01:57:01Red materials stick the most to sunlight.

01:57:04Their chromophores emit red light

01:57:07so as to cover the photons of other wavelengths.

01:57:11Every day, between 60 and 100 tons of space dust

01:57:15drift towards the surface of our planet.

01:57:18These tiny cosmic particles are mainly released by comets,

01:57:22which are generally composed of dust and ice.

01:57:25When the sun transforms this ice into steam,

01:57:28the remaining dust descends to Earth.

01:57:33There are always two sides to every story,

01:57:36just like a classic cotton disc.

01:57:38Two different textures, to be more precise.

01:57:41One is smooth, and you're supposed to use it for the most sensitive areas of your face,

01:57:45such as the eyes.

01:57:47The rougher side can help you remove makeup and clean your face

01:57:51in less sensitive areas, such as the forehead.

01:57:55If you like to have plants in your house,

01:57:57you've probably noticed that flower pots have holes in the bottom.

01:58:01These holes are the reason why your plant friends lead a happy life.

01:58:05They are extremely important for water evacuation.

01:58:08Thanks to these holes, you will avoid stagnant water accumulation,

01:58:11which can possibly harm your plant.

01:58:14In addition, thanks to the holes, the roots can develop

01:58:17and extend beyond the limits of your skin.

01:58:21Have you noticed that aviator sunglasses often have green glasses?

01:58:26This has something to do with their origin.

01:58:29They appeared in the 1930s.

01:58:31Before that, pilots wore protective glasses to protect their eyes

01:58:35when they were flying.

01:58:37The high altitudes, the dazzling sun, and the negative temperatures

01:58:40were a real test for their eyes.

01:58:44The glasses helped them to solve these problems, but there was another one.

01:58:48As the temperature differences between the outside and the inside of the glasses

01:58:51were significant, the lenses fogged up and obscured the pilot's view.

01:58:56The company Bausch & Lomb therefore designed lenses

01:59:00in the form of drops of water surrounded by a light metal frame.

01:59:04The lenses were dark green because this shade eliminates blue light,

01:59:08which is also a problem for pilots when they fly above the cloud line.

01:59:13In addition, green glasses reduce reflections and improve contrast and sharpness.

01:59:20Oh, there are holes on the side of your Converse sneakers.

01:59:23Are they really necessary?

01:59:25Well, they allow the air to enter your shoes so that your feet stay cool.

01:59:29You can also use them to give style to your sneakers

01:59:32and attach them in different ways.

01:59:36There are two reasons why plastic bottles have holes.

01:59:39First, if you drink water and it is hot outside,

01:59:42you will see that there is a lot of condensation on your bottle.

01:59:46Or if you do sports or weight training.

01:59:49Your hands are wet and if the bottle had a smooth surface,

01:59:52it would be more difficult to grab it.

01:59:54The holes are there to improve your grip.

01:59:58The second reason is that thanks to these holes,

02:00:00manufacturers can use a thinner plastic.

02:00:03This means that they need less material in total production.

02:00:07And this plastic remains firm enough for the bottle to retain its shape.

02:00:13Wooden coat hangers are not only there to be beautiful.

02:00:16As they are made of cedar wood,

02:00:18they bring a pleasant scent to your closet.

02:00:20In addition, they repel insects.

02:00:22They are also super hard,

02:00:24which is convenient for heavy clothes like jackets.

02:00:27And as it is difficult to damage them,

02:00:29they will serve you longer.

02:00:33You may have noticed that there is a square of color

02:00:35at the bottom of your toothpaste.

02:00:38These blocks are generally in blue, red, iron and black.

02:00:43These are kind of landmarks,

02:00:44because they help the machines of the assembly line

02:00:46to recognize where and when to cut the toothpaste

02:00:49and seal the end of the tube.

02:00:54Some boots have loops on the top and on the back.

02:00:57This can seem like a fashion effect, right?

02:01:00Or maybe it's something that manufacturers add for fun.

02:01:03But these loops are actually useful.

02:01:05They allow you to pull the shoe when you try to put it on.

02:01:09In addition, you can easily hang them

02:01:11or use the loop to better hold the laces.

02:01:15Time for confessions.

02:01:16Do you remember the accessories provided with your vacuum cleaner?

02:01:20You also put them aside and never used them again?

02:01:24They are actually very useful when you clean the house,

02:01:26because you can use them in particular areas

02:01:28that are sometimes difficult to reach with the normal accessory.

02:01:33We all know what a condom is for.

02:01:35But in addition to peeling the skin of carrots or potatoes,

02:01:38you can also use it for onions.

02:01:40It may be faster than doing it with a knife

02:01:43and it will save you a few tears.

02:01:46Some sweaters have something quite special about the neck.

02:01:50A V-shaped seam

02:01:52that you can see in the middle of the neck.

02:01:54This V-shaped element,

02:01:56similar to the edges of the hem and sleeves,

02:01:58will allow the owner to put on the clothes more easily.

02:02:01And it won't even lose its shape.

02:02:03The V-shaped piece is extensible,

02:02:05so that a person wearing the sweater

02:02:07can pass their head through the neck.

02:02:09Its purpose is also to absorb sweat.

02:02:11In its first versions,

02:02:12the green sweater had a collar at the front and back.

02:02:16Over time, they lost the back.

02:02:18And this V has become something decorative,

02:02:20since the manufacturers started to sew on the collar

02:02:23without using the ribbed fabric they added before.

02:02:28The squares or bright colored circles

02:02:30that you see on the packaging of food

02:02:32are not an indication of vitamins, minerals

02:02:34or certain aromas they contain.

02:02:36And no, it's not a secret code

02:02:38that consumers are supposed to decipher.

02:02:41It's actually for printing engineers.

02:02:43They are called alignment markers.

02:02:47During the printing process of the food packaging,

02:02:50manufacturers use these color blocks

02:02:52to check if the printing ink is correct.

02:02:55They compare the color of the blocks they print

02:02:57to ensure that the brand they work for

02:02:59has a constant and recognizable quality

02:03:01all over the world.

02:03:04Most printers use only four colors,

02:03:07yellow, magenta, cyan and black.

02:03:10Some printers have additional colors

02:03:12like green, orange and purple.

02:03:16That's why you sometimes see several circles

02:03:18on some packaging.

02:03:20They test each ink color.

02:03:23The margins in the notebooks.

02:03:25They are not there as a kind of guide

02:03:27to take notes and write.

02:03:29Someone imagined a potential solution

02:03:31supposed to protect the written work

02:03:33against, well, the rats.

02:03:35In the past, they were quite common

02:03:37in people's homes.

02:03:39They are known for their diet,

02:03:41which includes practically everything,

02:03:43including paper.

02:03:45They are known for their large margins,

02:03:47like in Musgul, which was supposed

02:03:49to satisfy the rats.

02:03:51Thus, they could not reach

02:03:53the main dish, the written pages.

02:03:55The costumes have a buttonhole

02:03:57near the neck of the jacket.

02:03:59Manufacturers sew it

02:04:01so that you can't open it

02:04:03without damaging your costume.

02:04:05And when you compare it to the other jacket,

02:04:07you see that this one is completely smooth,

02:04:09without any trace.

02:04:11You will not find a buttonhole

02:04:13on the other jacket.

02:04:15On the other hand,

02:04:17there is a buttonhole

02:04:19on the other jacket.

02:04:21In the past,

02:04:23men mainly wore blouses

02:04:25with high collars.

02:04:27They buttoned them up.

02:04:29During the hot days,

02:04:31they released the position of the buttons,

02:04:33lowered the collars

02:04:35and left the upper button in effect.

02:04:37It was a way to relieve the heat

02:04:39and in addition, their folded collars

02:04:41and today we identify it

02:04:43as a reverse.

02:04:45People stopped using this buttonhole

02:04:47after the appearance of the reverse,

02:04:49except for certain formal occasions,

02:04:51such as when you wanted to put a flower on it.

02:04:53That's why the seamstresses

02:04:55have left it as a fashion element.

02:04:57Let's talk a little about tea bags.

02:04:59It's easy enough to guess

02:05:01what they are for, but they can also be useful

02:05:03if you have feet that feel bad

02:05:05after a long day in your shoes.

02:05:07You just have to put new tea bags,

02:05:09of course, during the night.

02:05:11When you wake up,

02:05:13the tea bags will have absorbed

02:05:15all the unwanted smells.

02:05:17However, don't forget to throw them away afterwards.

02:05:19You can't soak a tea with a strange smell,

02:05:21can you?

02:05:23You can also use the buttonholes

02:05:25to keep your money together.

02:05:27The same goes for the trombones.

02:05:29If your favorite bracelet breaks

02:05:31and you're looking for a way to keep it,

02:05:33a trombone can help you.

02:05:35You just have to hang one

Category

Transcript

Recommended