Dark Reality of Indian Education System | Dhruv Rathee
Aamir Khan's 3 idiots was a superhit movie back then in 2009. We all loved it, but it seems that the message is still not implemented. Because even today in 2022, the pressure on students to pursue stereotypical degrees like engineering, doctor, etc. is real. A kid has to convince his parents to allow him to do something like becoming a YouTuber, Graphic Designer, Video Editor, etc. But why the situation is like this? Why do we have such strong stereotypes? Watch this video by Dhruv Rathee as he explains the root cause of this unfortunate problem that continues to exist in our society for decades - the education system.
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00:00Hello friends, if you are a student studying in a school or college
00:04and I ask you, which career option are you going to choose in your future?
00:09I can say with guarantee that 90% of you will answer
00:13Engineer, Doctor, MBA or Government Job.
00:16Out of these 4 options, 90% of you have chosen your career.
00:21Secondly, I can also say with guarantee that any of you
00:24don't want to become a Palaeontologist, Beekeeper, Tea Taster, Meteorologist, Art Therapist, Audio Engineer, Ethical Hacker, Ornithologist.
00:323 Idiots is one of the all time blockbuster films of the country.
00:35People loved this film.
00:37In this film, the message is repeatedly given to run after your passion.
00:41A great man has said that study not to be successful but to be capable.
00:45Don't run after success.
00:47Follow excellence.
00:49Success will follow you.
00:51But even after 12 years of its release, if we look at the ground reality,
00:55people are still running after those 4-5 career options.
01:00What is the problem in implementing this?
01:03Is it the fault of our Indian education system?
01:05Or is it the fault of our parents and teachers?
01:08Or is it the fault of the students themselves?
01:10In today's video, let's do a deep analysis of this.
01:14And understand the solutions as well.
01:16While watching TV, you won't realize how many youths have lost their jobs.
01:21I will study and become a police officer.
01:24If you are so scared of the future, will you live in poverty?
01:27These are India's young people who are supposed to fuel the country's economy.
01:30My name is Mohit Kumar. I work as a police officer in Bihar.
01:34I have done B.Tech.
01:35It is difficult to get a government job.
01:37When life takes a test outside the school, it doesn't take a test subject wise.
01:42When we talk about the Indian education system,
01:46we talk about the ways of education in schools and colleges.
01:49Examination systems.
01:51Syllabus.
01:52But in reality, this problem is much bigger than the system.
01:56This problem is of the ecosystem.
01:58Of the entire environment.
01:59Let me explain with an example.
02:01In 2021, the Indians spent an average of 5 hours a day
02:06watching the screens of mobile phones.
02:09It is natural that when people are watching something on the phone screen,
02:12they are influenced by it.
02:14When they are spending 5 hours a day on it.
02:16Mass media has a big impact here.
02:19Our news channels are filled with mostly 4 types of news.
02:22Politics, cinema, crime and sports.
02:25These 4 types of news are mostly shown to the public.
02:28In the last 2 years, many Indians have won very prestigious prizes for the country.
02:33Shaunak Sen's documentary won the Best Documentary Award
02:36at the Cannes Film Festival this year.
02:38This was a historic moment for India.
02:40But in our media, instead of running this news,
02:42what news was run?
02:44That when Aishwarya Rai and Deepika Padukone
02:46were walking on the red carpet of Cannes,
02:48what kind of clothes were they wearing?
02:51This year, Gitanjali Shree won the prestigious Booker's Prize
02:55for her novel, Rej Samadhi.
02:57Which was translated into English by Daisy Rockwell.
03:00This was the first Indian language novel to reach the podium of the Booker's Prize.
03:04But did you hear about this news?
03:06Apart from this, Indian mathematician Neena Gupta
03:08was the 4th Indian to win the Rama Ujjain Prize last year.
03:11But have you seen any of her interviews on any TV?
03:14In 2018, Danish Siddiqui and Adnan Abdidi
03:17were the first Indians to win the Pulitzer Prize for Photography.
03:21After that, in 2020 and 2022, the Indians won this prize.
03:25But have you seen any of their interviews on any channel?
03:29Of course, if these things were highlighted on the front page of the newspaper,
03:33if these winners were interviewed on TV,
03:37then of course, more people would have been inspired.
03:39Young people would have felt passionate
03:41to choose filmmaking, photojournalism,
03:43literature and mathematics as their career options.
03:46But no.
03:47The headlines on news channels are
03:49this video is going viral.
03:51Have you ever seen a crow walk on a ramp?
03:54If you haven't, then close your eyes on this video.
03:57Tell me.
03:58Will society benefit from this method?
04:01This is what we see in films as well.
04:03Films like 3 Idiots are an exception.
04:06Usually, you might have noticed
04:08the professions of the heroes in films.
04:11Army officer, policeman,
04:13sometimes gangster,
04:15there will be gunfight scenes,
04:16there will be some fighting scenes.
04:18In some cases, businessmen or sportsmen are also shown in films.
04:21But they don't go into much detail about any business.
04:23In films, you will never see professions like
04:25ornithologist, beekeeper and sitar player.
04:29Another way by which youth can be motivated
04:31is gone.
04:32If we talk about social media like YouTube and Instagram,
04:35here you are shown what you are already seeing.
04:39Algorithms are designed in such a way
04:41that if you see something,
04:43you are shown more things related to it.
04:46So, you will never see any unconventional career
04:48or job on these platforms by yourself.
04:51Until you search for these things by yourself.
04:54So, if you take the influence of mass media into account,
04:57the career choice that you think is yours,
05:00may not be your career choice.
05:02Rather, it is the conditioning of mass media
05:04that has been imposed on you.
05:06And your lack of exposure.
05:08Basically, you don't even know
05:10what other options are available.
05:12Now, the second factor here is of parents.
05:14Often, many parents make this problem worse.
05:17Since childhood, we have heard many times from society,
05:20in WhatsApp forwards,
05:22that how the parents are saying that everything is absolutely right.
05:25You must have seen these emotional WhatsApp forwards,
05:27that I realized that my father was right.
05:36In such a society,
05:37if you ask a question to your parents
05:39or disagree with them on something,
05:41then you are immediately labeled.
05:43You are misbehaved.
05:44You don't have values.
05:45But think for yourself.
05:46If every child's parents were smart and intelligent here,
05:49then the whole world would be full of smart and intelligent people.
05:52So it is not possible that every child's,
05:54every student's parents are smart and intelligent here.
05:57For this reason, many parents consider themselves to be authority figures.
06:00That whatever I am saying, he will have to listen to it.
06:02That is the truth.
06:03These parents often punish their children.
06:05Beat them up.
06:07If a child disobeys small things,
06:09then they are punished.
06:11Such parents often believe that strict parenting is very important.
06:15Only then the children will grow up well,
06:17will be disciplined,
06:18will be well-mannered,
06:19will become responsible and confident adults.
06:21But actually, this is not true.
06:23Many research papers have proven that
06:25authoritative parenting actually reduces the child's confidence and self-esteem.
06:30And it has a bad effect on their decision-making ability.
06:33This is not my personal opinion.
06:35But research from all over the world has proved it.
06:37So when such parents say that
06:39we will make our child an engineer,
06:41we have already told our son
06:43that he has to complete UPSC as soon as possible.
06:45We have already thought of a doctor for our daughter.
06:48Hearing such things,
06:50an already under-confident child
06:52whose self-esteem is already low
06:54is never able to ask questions.
06:56For this reason, choosing an unconventional career
06:58is not an option
07:00because parents do not want an unconventional career.
07:03These parents think that
07:05in our time, this and that used to happen.
07:07So we know what the right career option is.
07:09What is the stable career choice?
07:11They forget to keep themselves updated with time.
07:14And the result of this is
07:16that even after 30 years of the liberalization of the Indian economy,
07:20government jobs are in top demand today.
07:23In the last 8 years,
07:24around 22 crore applications were made
07:26for government jobs in our country.
07:28But only 7,22,000 government jobs were available.
07:33This ratio here is 1 in 300.
07:35That is, 300 people are applying
07:37and only 1 will get a job here.
07:39And here I am only talking about central government jobs.
07:42This figure of 22 crore.
07:44Now you are running such a race
07:46where 300 people are standing in the starting line.
07:48Imagine, 300 people will run
07:51but only the first one will get a job.
07:53The rest, second, third, forget everything.
07:56Everyone lost the race.
07:57Tell me, why do you want to run such a race?
07:59I know that if I had run in such a race,
08:02I could not have come first.
08:03I would not have got a job.
08:05That's why I decided
08:06that I will run such a race
08:07where only 3-4 people are standing in the starting line.
08:10I am talking about when I chose YouTube as a career option.
08:13Very few people were seeking it out as a career option.
08:16And I worked seriously on it.
08:17Because there was less competition.
08:19This is the advantage of unconventional careers.
08:21The competition is less.
08:23It's a different thing that
08:24even on YouTube, the competition has increased a lot.
08:26But there are many other career options
08:28where there is almost no competition.
08:30If you run such a race
08:31where you are the only person running,
08:33then you will definitely come first.
08:35Tell me, who will not enjoy running such a race?
08:37When I started making such videos on YouTube,
08:40no one was making such videos in the whole country.
08:43So I was running my race alone.
08:45It was guaranteed that I would win the race.
08:48Yes, that's a different thing.
08:49I didn't know where the finish line was.
08:51There is a lot of uncertainty
08:53whether this stable career will happen or not.
08:55There is a risk.
08:56But personally, if you ask me,
08:58I would prefer this risk
08:59compared to the risk of 1 in 300.
09:02Now, convincing parents is obviously a big challenge.
09:05If you go and tell your dad
09:07that I want to become a paleontologist,
09:09he will answer from the other side,
09:10what is this?
09:12Now you will say,
09:13I want to become a stand-up comedian.
09:14He will say, this is also a job.
09:16I want to become an environmentalist.
09:18What is the scope in this?
09:19I want to become a graphic designer.
09:21There is no stability in this.
09:22I want to become an interior designer.
09:24First, find a job properly.
09:26Then keep doing it like a hobby.
09:27I want to become a wedding planner.
09:29This business does not work for us.
09:31Here, actually, parents need to improve.
09:34If parents do not have exposure and knowledge
09:36about any career option,
09:38then they should increase their knowledge.
09:40But they answer the children
09:42that you will do what we say.
09:44In such cases, you can go and answer your parents
09:46and say,
09:47Dad, I want to do a job.
09:48So the job should be of my choice.
09:50Why are you taking a decision?
09:52This argument is a very logical argument to hear.
09:54But such arguments are considered
09:56rude in our society.
09:59Hey!
10:00Say Papaji.
10:01Papaji.
10:02Yes, Papa.
10:03Not further.
10:04Say Pichuji.
10:05Pichu.
10:06And a child who has grown up
10:07under strict parenting and authority figures
10:09may never be able to take up the courage
10:11to say this.
10:12Even if his friends say,
10:14Do what you love.
10:15Even if Steve Jobs says,
10:16Do what you like.
10:18Even if the characters of Three Idiots say,
10:20Do what you like.
10:22But on the other hand, the answer will be,
10:25Dad will not die.
10:27Now if some people have shown the courage
10:29to talk to their parents,
10:30to convince them,
10:31then on the other hand,
10:32the answer will come from the parents.
10:34So do what you want.
10:35Don't tell us later.
10:36What will a child feel after hearing this?
10:39A lot of doubt and fear.
10:41He is choosing a new path.
10:43And the parents have pushed him.
10:46If you want to go, go.
10:47But we are moving back from here.
10:49Indecisiveness will increase here.
10:50The thing to think about here is
10:52why is there fear in such situations?
10:54There are many cognitive biases
10:56that are working here.
10:57The first is conformity bias.
10:59An average person's mind
11:01always wants to be in conformity
11:03with what other people are doing.
11:05This is basically called peer pressure.
11:07There is an evolutionary reason behind this.
11:09But the result is
11:11that basically we want to do
11:13what the people around us are saying.
11:15And we are doing it ourselves.
11:16Think for yourself.
11:17Do you want to study at the Indian Statistical Institute?
11:19One of the top premier institutes in India?
11:22The average package there is
11:25You get a good job.
11:26But no.
11:27You will do IIT.
11:28Why?
11:29Because everyone wants to do IIT.
11:31We want to do
11:32what everyone else is doing.
11:33Today, a certain career is booming.
11:35Today, this thing is going on.
11:37This is trending.
11:38This is a hot career.
11:39Our friend has got his daughter
11:41admitted to IIT coaching.
11:43We will do it too.
11:44My uncle's son has done a dental course.
11:46I will also do a dental course.
11:47Actually, there was an evolutionary advantage
11:49to such a biased thinking.
11:51Thousands of years ago,
11:53when humans lived in jungles,
11:55in tribes,
11:56and you saw your tribal people
11:58doing something,
11:59that they are making a boundary
12:00with stones outside their houses
12:02so that no lion comes and eats them.
12:04It would have been beneficial for you
12:05to copy them
12:06and make a wall of stones
12:07outside your house too.
12:09But in today's world,
12:10this thing is not beneficial
12:11to copy.
12:12Apart from this,
12:13another bias is
12:14Ambiguity Effect.
12:15If you are given two options
12:16to choose from,
12:17in one option,
12:18you know what the probability is.
12:20In the other option,
12:21you don't know what the probability is.
12:22For example,
12:23the first option is
12:24to do a government job.
12:25Where you know
12:26the probability of success
12:27is 1 out of 300.
12:29And the second option is
12:30to become a graphic designer.
12:31Where you don't know
12:32the probability of success.
12:34Research has shown
12:35that humans prefer
12:36to choose the option
12:38where they know
12:39what the probability is.
12:41Our brain prefers
12:42that we don't have to
12:43estimate and guess.
12:45We don't choose
12:46the ambiguous choices.
12:47We choose an option
12:48with which we are more familiar,
12:49with which we are listening more,
12:51with which we are talking more,
12:53and with which we know
12:54the success rate.
12:55This is the reason
12:56that you will find
12:57many engineering colleges
12:58in every corner of the country.
12:59From Sonipat to Meerut
13:00to Jodhpur.
13:01These colleges
13:02don't promise any placement.
13:04Their salary package
13:05is also very low.
13:06But people still prefer
13:07to go to these colleges.
13:08Because they are visible.
13:09The same thing can be said
13:10about the exams
13:11for government jobs.
13:12According to a 2019 report,
13:1420 lakh candidates
13:15applied for 10,000 SSC MTS jobs.
13:18These are the jobs
13:19of the multi-tasking staff.
13:21The chance of getting a job
13:22is 0.005.
13:24And even if you get a job,
13:25how much salary will you get?
13:27Rs. 20,000 per month.
13:28Compare this
13:29with the salary
13:30of a video editor
13:31or a graphic designer.
13:32If they do a good job,
13:33they will get
13:34Rs. 70,000-80,000 per month
13:35easily.
13:36But still,
13:37people prefer
13:38government jobs
13:39instead of becoming
13:40graphic designers.
13:41Why?
13:42There is an ambiguity effect.
13:43So in this whole system,
13:44first of all,
13:45the conditioning of mass media,
13:46second, our parents,
13:47and third,
13:48our own cognitive biases.
13:50In such a situation,
13:51if we can go somewhere
13:52in search of hope,
13:54then there is only one place left,
13:56which is our schools and colleges.
13:58But do our schools and colleges
14:00help in dealing
14:01with this situation?
14:02In most of the states of the country,
14:04the standard of government schools
14:05is very bad.
14:06Basic amenities
14:07are also not available there.
14:08In Mirzapur, UP,
14:09in a school,
14:10in a mid-day school,
14:11children were given
14:12food to eat.
14:14Just a few months ago,
14:15the Haryana government
14:16shut down 300 schools.
14:1820,000 teacher posts
14:19were abolished
14:21and 38,000 teacher posts
14:22are vacant.
14:24The Assam government
14:25recently decided
14:26to shut down
14:2734 government schools
14:28because all the students
14:29in those schools
14:30failed their
14:3110th class board exams.
14:33Meaning,
14:34our governments
14:35are shutting down
14:36schools instead of
14:37fixing them.
14:38But anyways,
14:39you can go to private schools
14:40if the government school
14:41is bad.
14:42What is the condition
14:43of private schools?
14:44In most of the places,
14:45friends,
14:46even today,
14:47the story of
14:48respecting the authority
14:49goes on in schools
14:50where the teacher
14:51is considered
14:52an authority figure.
14:53At home,
14:54the parents are
14:55our authority figures
14:56and at school,
14:57the teacher is
14:58the authority figure.
14:59Whatever the teacher
15:00is saying is
15:01absolutely right.
15:02The children
15:03will have to stand
15:04in a straight line.
15:05They will have to
15:06wear the same
15:07uniform.
15:08They should not
15:09move at all.
15:10The boys' hair
15:11should always be
15:12cut.
15:13If the girls
15:14wear the same
15:15uniform,
15:16they can be
15:17class monitors.
15:18Teach your classmates
15:19behavior.
15:20And if this
15:21doesn't happen,
15:22you will get
15:23punishment.
15:24There is a very
15:25interesting dialogue
15:26in the famous
15:27Karate Kid film
15:28where it is said
15:29that there are
15:30no bad students
15:31anywhere.
15:32There are only
15:33bad teachers.
15:34But do most
15:35of the teachers
15:36in our country
15:37realize this?
15:38Teacher enters,
15:39no notice.
15:40Full insulting.
15:41You mother,
15:42father's manners.
15:43The students are
15:44punished for
15:45not doing
15:46homework,
15:47making noise,
15:48coming late to
15:49school,
15:50not wearing
15:51school belt.
15:52I should
15:53leave school
15:54for a month.
15:55Right?
15:56At many places,
15:57physical punishment
15:58is also seen.
15:59Although it is
16:00illegal in our
16:01country,
16:02it is still
16:03continuing in
16:04many places.
16:05Many news reports
16:06and surveys have
16:07revealed this.
16:08If not physically
16:09beating,
16:10teachers often
16:11mentally humiliate
16:12their students.
16:22He is very evil.
16:23His mind doesn't
16:24work.
16:25I don't know what
16:26he will do when he
16:27grows up.
16:28We are fed up.
16:29So the self-esteem
16:30that falls down
16:31due to strict
16:32parenting in the
16:33house,
16:34the teachers in
16:35the school
16:36destroy the
16:37self-esteem
16:38left behind.
16:39A student who
16:40grows up in
16:41a school can't
16:42take decisions
16:43by himself.
16:44There is always
16:45self-doubt in
16:46his own decisions.
16:47But if we
16:48assume that
16:49parents and
16:50teachers are
16:51supportive,
16:52then the
16:53next problem
16:54is the
16:55curriculum of
16:56the school.
16:57The biggest
16:58problem in the
16:59curriculum is
17:00that the
17:01career options
17:02are not
17:03properly explained
17:04and their
17:05exposure is
17:06not given.
17:07For example,
17:08how many
17:09school textbooks
17:10have written
17:11about the
17:12careers of
17:13social workers
17:14or event
17:15management?
17:16Take a career
17:17like a geologist.
17:18In our school,
17:19the subject of
17:20geography is
17:21taught.
17:22There are chapters
17:23in geography
17:24where we are
17:25taught about
17:26geology,
17:27the composition
17:28of the earth,
17:29volcanoes,
17:30etc.
17:31But have you
17:32ever thought
17:33that you can
17:34become a
17:35geologist,
17:36or a
17:37paleontologist,
17:38or an
17:39encyclopaedic
17:40or a
17:41standard deviation
17:42median?
17:43But have you
17:44ever thought
17:45that I can
17:46become a
17:47statistician?
17:48In our school,
17:49a subject is
17:50taught,
17:51biology.
17:52But have
17:53you thought
17:54that I can
17:55become a
17:56botanist,
17:57horticulturalist,
17:58environmentalist,
17:59zoologist,
18:00or anatomist?
18:01Maybe not.
18:02Because the
18:03teachers who
18:04teach forget
18:05to relate
18:06them to the
18:07outside world.
18:08A famous dialogue of a beautiful mind film comes to mind.
18:12Classes will dull your mind.
18:14Destroy the potential for authentic creativity.
18:17Now here employment doesn't just mean jobs.
18:20Entrepreneurship is also there.
18:22But how much is taught in schools about entrepreneurship?
18:25You will get only a handful of examples of this.
18:27Recently, an entrepreneurship mindset curriculum was started in Delhi schools.
18:31But generally, this is not done in other countries.
18:34Such things are being discussed all over the world today.
18:37This problem is not just India specific.
18:39A famous TED talk by Ken Robinson,
18:42Schools kill creativity.
19:08Where mistakes are the worst thing you can make.
19:11And the result is that we are educating people out of their creative capacities.
19:16Picasso once said this.
19:18He said that all children are born artists.
19:20It has more than 2 crore views on YouTube.
19:23It shows how many people can relate to it.
19:26Films have also been made in our country.
19:28Taare Zameen Par Hichki.
19:30In which it is shown how to improve education.
19:33To teach, an interactive, enjoyable experience is created.
19:37So yes, there are a few places where we see these ideas being discussed.
19:41But these ideas haven't become mainstream yet.
19:44Now let's talk about solutions.
19:46I know not everything is under your control.
19:48But whatever is under your control, it can definitely be influenced.
19:51Like first of all, mass media.
19:54Don't run after the most viral videos on YouTube.
19:57Try to find different career options yourself.
20:00Watch videos of National Geographic on paleontologists.
20:03How they discovered dinosaurs.
20:05Watch videos of archaeologists where the discovery of Rakhigarhi excavation site is happening.
20:09When you watch movies and TV shows on Netflix.
20:12These are the most popular places to watch.
20:14Which everyone is talking about.
20:16Watch things a little differently.
20:17You will get to see amazing documentaries.
20:19Ecology, Anatomy, Archaeology, History, Space, Investigative Journalism, Coding, Psychology and Religion.
20:27You will have to take some initiative from here.
20:29Because as I told you, the algorithms will show you what you will click and watch.
20:34I try my best that when videos are shown to you on YouTube.
20:38Then as much knowledge and information as possible is included in them.
20:43Secondly, the parents will have to improve here.
20:45The parents will have to understand that by behaving strictly with the children.
20:49It has a negative impact on the children's growth.
20:52They will have to take initiative from themselves.
20:54They will have to gain exposure about different careers.
20:57And gain knowledge from themselves.
20:58This is not only the responsibility of the children.
21:00The parents should also try to do this.
21:02So that their old mindset can be changed.
21:04The third role is of teachers and schools.
21:07They will also have to understand the same thing.
21:09And the schools will have to try to stimulate creativity.
21:13How can career counselling be made a part of schooling?
21:16Private and government schools can also take initiative from here.
21:20If the curriculum is not changing here.
21:22Then they can appoint a career counsellor for their school.
21:26Some schools are already doing this.
21:28Which is a very good thing.
21:29If they don't want to do this.
21:30Then at least a three-day career counselling workshop can be done.
21:33For the 10th class students.
21:35Where a guest speaker comes.
21:36And tells the students about different careers.
21:38It is very important to bring change here.
21:40This is not just a question of the children's life.
21:43It is not just a question of their career and salary.
21:45But it is also a question of the development of the country.
21:47In most developed countries, you will see that.
21:50All kinds of professions and careers are given the same importance.
21:54When people work in all kinds of professions in the country.
21:58Then there will be a holistic development of the country.
22:01Today's video is a very special video.
22:04Because it is a topic that I had thought about many years ago.
22:08I understood this problem and asked myself a question.
22:11To deal with this problem.
22:13What can I do here?
22:15And then I got the idea, friends.
22:17Why not make a series.
22:19On which different types of unconventional careers.
22:22About different types of jobs.
22:24You tell everyone.
22:25What is the scope of these jobs?
22:27How can you choose these careers?
22:29What do you have to study for it?
22:31What do you have to do?
22:33And what salaries can you expect?
22:35These are some things that no one tells about.
22:37But the people who are doing these unconventional jobs.
22:40They know the most about it.
22:42So I thought, why not make a series.
22:45By talking to such people.
22:47By learning from them.
22:48And by giving you this knowledge.
22:50Friends, I have been working on this series for a long time.
22:53And I made it by collaborating with Deutsche Welle Hindi.
22:56So now I want to show you a glimpse of it.
22:58A teaser.
22:59Introducing Jobs Zara Hatke.
23:20Zara Hatke.
23:50I hope you liked the teaser.
23:52And you liked the video.
23:53Share this video with as many people as possible.
23:56So that your parents, your friends, everyone can learn about these things.
24:00And we can change this system.
24:02Let's meet in the next video.
24:03Thank you very much.