Recently, Twitter made an announcement that their new CEO will be Parag Agarwal. He is an Indian-American, i.e. an American with Indian roots. Parag was born in Ajmer (Rajasthan), he is an alumnus of IIT Bombay. So the news was bound to gather the attention of Indians. Some people congratulated him and expressed happiness, while others said that this is nothing in it to celebrate. It also reignited the topic of brain drain. In this video, I explain the concept of Brain Drain and why it doesn’t make much sense.
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00:00Greetings, friends!
00:01A few days ago, Twitter's CEO Jack Dorsey said that he is leaving his position.
00:05And the new Twitter CEO is Parag Agarwal.
00:08An Indian-American who was born in Ajmer, Rajasthan.
00:12Who studied from IIT Bombay.
00:15It is a very interesting case.
00:17Because it can be seen in two ways.
00:19On one hand, people say that it is a matter of feeling proud
00:22that Indians are so successful in going to foreign countries.
00:25That they are making India proud.
00:27But on the other hand, some people call it brain drain.
00:30It is shared that only if India studies, America will grow.
00:34And people blame caste reservation for this brain drain.
00:38Is it true here?
00:40How should we look at this?
00:42Come, let's try to understand in today's video.
00:45And brain drain, brain drain, we have heard this word.
00:4937-year-old Parag Agarwal is the CEO of Twitter.
00:54A lot of opportunities abroad are much, much better and much more advanced than here.
00:58And you have a chance to have a better livelihood abroad.
01:00Has anyone ever thought that this brain drain can become a brain gain?
01:11If an Indian-origin person becomes the CEO of a big American company,
01:15there are so many examples of this, friends, that you will be surprised.
01:19After 2014, Satya Nadella became the CEO of Microsoft.
01:22From 2015, Sundar Pichai became the CEO of Alphabet, a Google company.
01:27From 2007, Shantanu Narayan became the CEO of Adobe.
01:30From 2020, Arvind Krishna became the CEO of IBM.
01:34From 2017, Anjali Sood became the CEO of Vimeo.
01:37From 2019, Amanpal Bhutani became the CEO of GoDaddy.
01:40From 2006-2018, Indira Nooyi became the CEO of PepsiCo.
01:44From 2010-2020, Ajay Banga became the CEO of Mastercard.
01:49It doesn't end here.
01:51This trend is not only seen in American companies.
01:54It is also seen in Australian companies.
01:56Tarun Gupta of Stockland, Sanjeev Gandhi of Oreca, Vivek Bhatia of Lynk,
02:01Sanjay Dayal of PACT, Sandeep Biswas of New Crush, Vic Bansal of Cleanaways.
02:06Some examples can also be seen in British companies.
02:09Like Laxman Narasimhan, the CEO of Rekit Bank.
02:12The examples that I've told you, friends,
02:14most of them are Indian-origin people.
02:17They were born in India, grew up in India,
02:20completed their studies from an Indian popular college
02:23like IIT Bombay, IIM Ahmedabad,
02:26or BITS Bilani or Manipal Institute of Technology.
02:29After completing their studies, they shifted to another country.
02:32In some cases, they also took citizenship of other countries.
02:35And now they're working in such high positions in these companies.
02:39So America, Australia and Europe,
02:41the Indian-origin people living here,
02:43you'll get a lot of such examples.
02:45But what about Asian countries?
02:47China, Korea, Japan, Singapore, UOE,
02:50what examples are there here?
02:52The answer is, friends, that it's very rare.
02:54You'll get only a handful of examples.
02:57Like the CEO of a Singapore-based DBS Group, Piyush Gupta.
03:01In 2015, it was announced that the CEO of a Japanese bank, SoftBank,
03:05an Indian-origin person, can become Nikesh Arora.
03:08This decision was taken but there was a lot of sensation.
03:11Because being in a country like Japan is very rare.
03:14This decision was later overturned
03:16and the CEO remained a Japanese.
03:18Finding such an example for a country like China is next to impossible.
03:22Don't take it as a conspiracy against India.
03:25The real reason behind it is
03:27that the culture in these Asian countries is very closed.
03:30The people there don't readily accept
03:33a person from a foreign country
03:35to become the CEO of a company in our country.
03:38You won't find it strange to hear it
03:41because such a culture exists in India as well.
03:43In fact, the case of India is so closed
03:45that a foreigner can't become the CEO of an Indian company.
03:48Even another Indian can't become the CEO of an Indian company.
03:51Because most of the companies in India,
03:53the Indian companies,
03:55have a family business going on.
03:57Have you ever noticed how many Indian companies' names
04:00are based on the family surnames?
04:02Adani, Tata, Birla, Godrej, Bajaj, Mahindra, Jindal, Mittal, Oberoi, Goenka, Baiju, Shivnathar.
04:09It's not a big deal to make the company's name
04:11based on your family's name.
04:13But the problem arises when
04:15only the family members sit
04:17on the top leadership positions of these companies.
04:19We see a lot of nepotism here
04:22and a severe lack of meritocracy.
04:24Think about it,
04:26for an IIT graduate,
04:28it is more difficult to become the CEO
04:30of Godrej, Mahindra or Bajaj
04:32as compared to becoming the CEO of Google.
04:34Because there is so much family business here,
04:37in most of the companies,
04:39the people outside the family
04:41are never made the CEO.
04:43Another interesting trend here is
04:45that most of the Indian origin CEOs
04:47work in the field of Tech.
04:49Most of them are Indian Software Engineers
04:53who studied in the field of IT.
04:55And then they started working in big tech companies,
04:57in product companies
04:59and took their careers to the next level.
05:01This can be done by studying
05:03Data Structure Algorithms, System Designs
05:05and so on.
05:07So many CEOs studied in Software Engineering
05:09and almost all of them
05:11have an engineering background.
05:13So you'd think that engineering
05:15would have a good scope in India.
05:17But do you know what the reality is?
05:19According to an Employability Assessment Survey
05:21by Aspiring Minds,
05:2395% of engineers who graduate in India
05:25are not eligible to take jobs
05:27in Software Engineering.
05:29Tech Mahindra's MD has also said
05:31that at least 94% of engineering graduates
05:34are not fit for hiring in India.
05:36Actually, if you ignore the top engineering colleges
05:38like IITs,
05:40apart from these prestigious universities,
05:42the standard of engineering colleges
05:44in India is very bad.
05:46The root problem is that
05:48these low-quality engineering colleges
05:50are only publishing degrees in the name of engineering.
05:52And they're not teaching the actual skills
05:54to the college graduates.
05:56We Indians feel very proud
05:58if an American company's CEO
06:00becomes an Indian-origin person.
06:02But how many Indian companies' CEOs
06:04are from America, Nigeria,
06:06China, Japan,
06:08in fact, any foreigner
06:10is an Indian company's CEO.
06:12How many examples are there?
06:14This is very rare.
06:16One example that comes to my mind
06:18is Tata Motors' CEO Gunter Butschek
06:20who was the CEO from 2016 to 2021.
06:22A few months ago.
06:24But such examples are very rare.
06:26Similarly, Indians feel very proud
06:28if an Indian-ancestry person
06:30sits on a political position
06:32in a foreign country.
06:34Like Kamala Harris and Bobby Jindal in the USA.
06:36Preeti Patel and Alok Sharma in Britain.
06:38Jagmeet Singh in Canada.
06:40Deepak Raj Gupta in Australia.
06:42Mahendra Chaudhary in Fiji.
06:44Anirudh Jagnath in Mauritius.
06:46But when it comes to Sonia Gandhi,
06:48our first point of criticism is
06:50Sonia Gandhi's Italian origin.
06:52How can an Indian politician
06:54be born in a foreign country?
06:56How can she be an ancestry of a foreign country?
06:58Centuries ago,
07:00in our Upanishads,
07:02the concept of Vasudev Kutumbakam was discussed.
07:04That the whole world is like a family.
07:06Today,
07:08you can use the word
07:10Cosmopolitan for this.
07:12On one hand,
07:14countries like Europe, USA and Australia
07:16have accepted the ideology
07:18of Cosmopolitanism.
07:20On the other hand,
07:22India and many other Asian countries
07:24have not embraced the spirit of this concept.
07:26We call it Atiti Devo Bhava.
07:28But the ground reality is
07:30that we see attacks on Africans.
07:32We see xenophobia.
07:34Fear against foreigners.
07:36Hatred against foreigners.
07:38In 2016, the situation was so bad
07:40that in New Delhi,
07:42African Heads of Mission
07:44issued a statement regarding this.
07:46The government was told to counter this racism
07:48and stop the attacks against Africans.
07:50Then our External Affairs Minister,
07:52Sushma Swaraj,
07:54said that stringent action will be taken
07:56against the culprits in response.
07:58Actually, let's not talk about foreigners.
08:00In our own country,
08:02it is difficult to work for people
08:04from one state to another.
08:06In states like Maharashtra and Gujarat,
08:08we see examples of how
08:10UP and Bihar migrants
08:12are subjected to atrocities.
08:14We see attacks against them.
08:16The boys from UP and Bihar
08:18who came here with fake certificates,
08:20have been driven out.
08:22People should be admitted here.
08:24Kashmiri students are killed
08:26in states like Rajasthan, UP and Haryana.
08:28In 2021, a government study was conducted
08:30commissioned by ICSSR.
08:32It interviewed about 1,200 people
08:34in 6 metro cities.
08:36And it was found that
08:38the North-East people
08:40have to endure harassment
08:42since the COVID outbreak.
08:44They are often insulted and harassed
08:46by calling it Coronavirus.
08:48Or take the campaign of Nitish Kumar
08:50in India,
08:52where he is campaigning
08:54on Bihari vs Bahari.
08:56Apart from this regionalism,
08:58we also see religious communalism.
09:00There are so many clashes
09:02in the name of religion.
09:04We also see casteism.
09:06Google it.
09:08Dalit groom beaten for riding a horse.
09:10You will find more than 50 news articles
09:12on this.
09:14There are so many such incidents
09:16every week and every month.
09:18When Indians go abroad
09:20and become the CEOs of foreign companies,
09:22they are often blamed for caste reservation.
09:24But think about it.
09:26Do you get caste reservation
09:28in private jobs?
09:30There is no caste reservation in private jobs.
09:32There is no caste reservation
09:34if you want to start your own business.
09:36Caste reservation is only in government jobs.
09:38And government jobs
09:40are a very small percentage of
09:42the total workforce.
09:44There is caste reservation in colleges too.
09:46When Indians become the CEOs
09:48of foreign companies,
09:50in many cases,
09:52Indian universities and colleges
09:54why did they choose to go abroad
09:56when compared to India?
09:58The real reason is that
10:00the societies of these countries
10:02are very open and accepting of foreigners.
10:04In these countries,
10:06we don't see casteism, communalism,
10:08regionalism,
10:10or nepotism in family businesses.
10:12It is easier to do a job
10:14in these countries
10:16without a lot of discrimination.
10:18Obviously, the other reasons
10:20like the law and order of the country,
10:22less corruption,
10:24no political harassment,
10:26all of these are there.
10:28It's not that there are no extreme right-wing people in America
10:30and there are no racist attacks.
10:32There have been many cases of this.
10:34In Australia, Canada,
10:36and America, there have been racist attacks against Indians.
10:38But these cases are very rare.
10:40And secondly,
10:42the most important thing is that
10:44the police take these things seriously.
10:46They maintain the law and order.
10:48Politicians don't come there
10:50and rally in favour of racists.
10:52We have seen some examples
10:54like Donald Trump.
10:56But generally, the police there
10:58maintain the law and order.
11:00And thirdly, the governments there
11:02often acknowledge these problems.
11:04They don't turn their backs.
11:06In 2009, the Prime Minister of Australia
11:08condemned the racist attacks against Indians.
11:10If we talk about being cosmopolitan,
11:12America is a country
11:14that stands out the most
11:16compared to other countries.
11:18America is considered
11:20a land of opportunities.
11:22And this is quite true.
11:24There is a big reason why
11:26America was able to become such a superpower.
11:28I had talked about this in an earlier video
11:30that why America is the
11:32number one superpower in the world today.
11:34In that video, I had told you
11:36that there is a big reason behind it
11:38because America attracts
11:40talented people from all over the world.
11:42Nobel Prize-winning scientists
11:44like Hargobind Khurana, Albert Einstein,
11:46astronomers like Kalpana Chawla and Sunita Williams,
11:48artists like Charlie Chaplin
11:50and Priyanka Chopra,
11:52or business executives like
11:54Elon Musk and Parag Agarwal.
11:56All of them are immigrants
11:58who became successful in America
12:00because America gave them an opportunity.
12:02If you look at the list of
12:04Fortune Top 500 Companies of 2017,
12:06out of the top 35 companies,
12:0857% of the CEOs
12:10are actually immigrants.
12:12They are people from outside America
12:14or sons or daughters of immigrants.
12:16And among all the immigrants,
12:18there is an Indian-dominating group
12:20if we talk about tech startups.
12:22So the big question here is
12:24how can India become a land of opportunities?
12:26It's not that there were only
12:2812-13 talented people in India
12:30who all became the CEOs
12:32of American companies.
12:34India has a lot of talent.
12:36How can that talent be capitalized?
12:38There are a few solutions here.
12:40The first is to make India
12:42a safe country where
12:44law and order actually works.
12:46Where there is no goon rule
12:48which I talked about in the last video.
12:50A society where everyone feels
12:52safe and secure.
12:54Where there is no discrimination
12:56in the name of caste, religion,
12:58region and family.
13:00Not just degrees but skill development
13:02so that people can actually
13:04be trained to work.
13:06The government should spend more
13:08on research and innovation.
13:10The process of setting up
13:12its tax system and business
13:14should be simplified and made easier
13:16so that it can be done without the help of a CA.
13:18And finally, remember one thing,
13:20brain drain is better than
13:22brain in the drain.
13:24Do you understand what I'm trying to say?
13:26There is no point in blackmailing people
13:28to stay inside the country.
13:30You will get opportunities.
13:32If people feel that there are more opportunities
13:34to go outside and
13:36they can utilise their talent better,
13:38then they should be allowed to do so.
13:40And they shouldn't be forced to stay inside
13:42and show their talent here.
13:44Because instead of destroying talent,
13:46it is better to use it somewhere.
13:48The focus should be on
13:50how to create better opportunities
13:52and how to make the country better.
13:54I hope you found the video informative.
13:56Thank you very much.
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