En esta emisión:
1.-La misión SVOM en busca de observar el universo primitivo
2.-El papel vital de la capa de ozono en protegernos de los rayos UV
3.-¿Cómo se planea extraer agua en la Luna? Descubre la misión PRIME 1
4.-¿Cuántos kilómetros puedes recorrer con una carga en un auto eléctrico?
5.-Así es como los autos han quitado las calles a los peatones
6.-De Tamagotchi a Lovot: la evolución de las mascotas robóticas
7.-DEMUCS, la IA que facilita la extracción de pistas de cualquier canción
8.-Estudiantes de danza interpretan clásicos de Bollywood en un taller
9.-Plov: el plato estrella de la gastronomía uzbeka
Foto de portada de wirestock vía Freepik.
1.-La misión SVOM en busca de observar el universo primitivo
2.-El papel vital de la capa de ozono en protegernos de los rayos UV
3.-¿Cómo se planea extraer agua en la Luna? Descubre la misión PRIME 1
4.-¿Cuántos kilómetros puedes recorrer con una carga en un auto eléctrico?
5.-Así es como los autos han quitado las calles a los peatones
6.-De Tamagotchi a Lovot: la evolución de las mascotas robóticas
7.-DEMUCS, la IA que facilita la extracción de pistas de cualquier canción
8.-Estudiantes de danza interpretan clásicos de Bollywood en un taller
9.-Plov: el plato estrella de la gastronomía uzbeka
Foto de portada de wirestock vía Freepik.
Category
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TecnologíaTranscripción
00:30Iniciamos el noticiero científico y cultural iberoamericano, NCC.
00:37Prepárense para un recorrido por el impacto del conocimiento y la cultura en nuestras vidas,
00:43respaldado por la Asociación de Televisiones Educativas y Culturales Iberoamericanas, ATEI.
00:50Esto es lo más relevante de la ciencia y la cultura en Iberoamérica.
00:57La misión SBOM es un ambicioso proyecto colaborativo entre China y Francia
01:03diseñado para estudiar explosiones cósmicas y otros fenómenos transitorios en el universo.
01:10El satélite punta de lanza de la investigación fue lanzado recientemente
01:15y tiene como objetivo la detección y análisis de estallidos de rayos gamma
01:20que son las explosiones más potentes y luminosas conocidas en el cosmos.
01:28Este satélite construido por Francia y China fue lanzado el sábado
01:34con el objetivo de detectar colosales explosiones en el universo.
01:38La misión conocida como SBOM busca los llamados brotes de rayos gamma,
01:42destellos que desprenden una luminosidad colosal capaz de emitir una energía
01:47equivalente a más de un trillón de soles.
01:51Los brotes de rayos gamma parecen indicar la muerte de estrellas muy masivas
01:57y más concretamente, la muerte de las primeras estrellas.
02:00Así que estudiando los estallidos de rayos gamma,
02:03usándolos como herramienta para observar el universo primitivo,
02:06podemos observar quizá las primeras estrellas.
02:09Y esto es muy interesante porque es la única manera de hacerlo.
02:21Al recorrer el espacio, esta luz cruza también diferentes gases y galaxias,
02:26transportando rastros con ella que conllevan informaciones excepcionales
02:30sobre la historia y la evolución del universo.
02:37De todos los programas de cooperación internacional en los que he participado,
02:41este es el de mayor alcance, por lo que se es el proyecto más complejo
02:45en el que han participado China y un socio internacional.
02:48Hay mucho personal implicado en todo el proceso del proyecto.
02:52El plazo es largo, el equipo de diseño es grande
02:55y la profundidad de la cooperación no se había visto antes.
03:07El brote de rayos gamma más lejano identificado hasta ahora
03:10se produjo solo 630 millones de años después del Big Bang,
03:15es decir, el 5% de la edad actual del universo.
03:19Estas informaciones también pueden servir para entender mejor
03:22la composición del espacio, la dinámica de los gases y las otras galaxias.
03:29La capa de ozono es crucial para la vida en la Tierra,
03:32ya que actúa como un escudo que absorbe la mayoría
03:35de la radiación ultravioleta dañina del Sol.
03:39A continuación, Ciencia que no se habla nos explica más
03:43y nos cuenta sobre lo esencial de continuar con los esfuerzos globales
03:47para proteger y restaurar la capa de ozono.
03:52Imagina que la Tierra no tuviera capa de ozono.
03:55Si de por sí nos quemamos, terminaríamos como carbón después de exponernos al Sol.
04:01Y es en serio, muy pocos seres vivos soportarían ese nivel de radiación.
04:07La capa de ozono es una capa de gases que se encuentra en la atmósfera superior
04:12y que protege a los seres vivos de los rayos UV que provienen del Sol.
04:16Sin embargo, algunos compuestos químicos como los clorofluorocarbonos
04:21que son utilizados en refrigerantes y aerosoles destruyen esta capa.
04:26Los CFC eran muy utilizados durante la década de los 80 del siglo pasado,
04:32ya que se consideraba que no reaccionaban con otros elementos químicos.
04:36Pero en una investigación en la que participó el mexicano Mario Molina
04:41se encontró que los CFC reaccionaban con el ozono y lo degradaban.
04:46En 1985, científicos británicos descubrieron un gran agujero en la capa de ozono en la Antártida.
04:54Dos años después, se firmó la eliminación de estas sustancias.
04:59A partir de ello, aunque los CFC tardarán años en desaparecer por completo,
05:04la capa de ozono se ha recuperado poco a poco.
05:11El descubrimiento de agua en la Luna fue un hito de la exploración.
05:16El hallazgo no solo es crucial para la sostenibilidad de futuras misiones tripuladas,
05:21sino que también puede transformar la estrategia global de la exploración espacial,
05:26permitiendo que la Luna sirva como un punto de partida para misiones a Marte y más allá.
05:33A continuación, la NASA nos explica cómo se puede aprovechar este recurso.
05:41NASA's Artemis missions will establish the first long-term human presence on the lunar surface.
05:48Living and working on the lunar surface will require using resources that are already present there,
05:53like water ice, which can be used for life support and fuel.
05:57The Polar Resources Ice Mining Experiment-1, or PRIME-1,
06:01will be deployed to the lunar south pole by our commercial lunar lander partner, Intuitive Machines.
06:07PRIME-1 is intended to drill for water on the lunar surface.
06:11PRIME-1 is the combination of two instruments, a drill built by Honey Bee Robotics called TRITONS,
06:16which stands for the Regolith Ice Drill for Exploring New Terrain,
06:20and the Mass Spectrometer Observing Lunar Operations, or MSOLO,
06:24which is a commercially available mass spectrometer from our industry partner, Inficon,
06:28that we have modified for operation in the harsh space environment.
06:31TRITONS will drill into the lunar surface, taking one small bite deep,
06:36and bringing that sample up and depositing it on the lunar surface.
06:39MSOLO will then evaluate those samples as they arrive on the surface
06:42to identify and measure the composition of water and other volatiles emanating from the samples.
06:47The objective of PRIME-1 is to inform NASA's plans for mining resources on the lunar surface,
06:52as well as mission operations for a future NASA Lunar Rover mission called VIPER.
06:57So how will we extract water on the moon?
06:59The PRIME-1 mission will set the foundation for two missions,
07:03The PRIME-1 mission will set the foundation for future resource utilization on the moon,
07:07a key component for the success of upcoming Artemis missions,
07:10as well as expanding human exploration of our solar system.
07:15Electric vehicles play a crucial role in the transition to a more sustainable
07:20and less fossil fuel-dependent energy system,
07:26with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions
07:31and combating climate change.
07:33This technology is a viable and effective solution to reduce environmental pollution.
07:43How does an electric car work?
07:45They are powered by electricity stored in several batteries.
07:50They are usually lithium-ion batteries, a metal that can store a lot of energy.
07:56However, these batteries are very expensive.
07:58That is why electric cars cost more than conventional ones.
08:03The electricity flows to the electric motor, the vehicle's propeller.
08:09In the motor there are two types of magnets, static magnets and a rotating one,
08:14which is constantly attracted by the statics.
08:17The generated rotation puts the car's wheels in motion.
08:21In addition, both the energy produced when braking and the heat generated are used.
08:27In an electric car, 95% of the available energy becomes motion.
08:34In a combustion car, only 30%.
08:38The electric motor consists of fewer parts than a gasoline or diesel one,
08:42so it requires less maintenance.
08:45However, those who drive an electric car do not go very far.
08:49According to manufacturers, the batteries can reach up to 200 km,
08:54but in reality they are barely 100 km.
08:57In addition, there are very few charging stations compared to the omnipresent gas stations.
09:05An electric car can be recharged in homemade power outlets, although it takes several hours.
09:11On the other hand, in fast charging points,
09:14the batteries recover 80% of their capacity in just half an hour, at least in theory.
09:24According to researchers, in the future we will be able to recharge these wireless cars by induction.
09:30It will be enough to park at a special point and shortly after we will be able to start a new car.
09:37According to the World Health Organization,
09:40approximately 4.2 million premature deaths a year are related to pollution of the outside air.
09:49Much of this pollution comes from motorized vehicles,
09:54whose abuse has a significant impact on the quality of life of citizens.
10:00This is a daily situation.
10:02As the number of cars in cities increases,
10:05walking becomes more and more difficult.
10:09How come cars have taken the streets away from us?
10:14The answer is simple.
10:16Cars have taken the streets away from us.
10:19They have taken the streets away from us.
10:22They have taken the streets away from us.
10:25How come cars have taken the streets away from us?
10:33Walking is the basis of human mobility.
10:36It is not only healthier, cheaper and more ecological than motorized means,
10:40it also reduces stress levels and allows us to have a more direct contact with our surroundings.
10:47Even with all these qualities,
10:50cities prioritize the construction of infrastructure for the growing number of vehicles,
10:55leaving pedestrians aside.
10:59According to the Institute of Transport Policies of Victoria, Canada,
11:03a person occupies an average of 1.5 square meters of space,
11:07while a single car can occupy 120 square meters,
11:13a number that grows as speed increases.
11:18If Baja California registered more than 2,200,000 vehicles in 2022 alone,
11:24how much space are we sacrificing?
11:28Vehicle overpopulation brings with it the reduction of benches,
11:32the disappearance of camels and the loss of green areas,
11:36so that more and more cars fit.
11:39These modifications not only make it difficult to move on foot,
11:43they also increase the risk.
11:45According to the figures of the organization Ni Una Muerte Vial,
11:48in 2021 Tijuana and Mexicali were among the five municipalities with the most pedestrian deaths in the country,
11:54with 32 and 24 collisions respectively.
11:59The more the balance is tilted in favor of vehicles,
12:03the more difficult it becomes to guarantee safe mobility for alternative means.
12:08Having appropriate spaces to move is a right that belongs to all of us.
12:15How is the relationship between pedestrians and vehicles in your city?
12:19Let us know in the comments.
12:21If you like this video, don't forget to like it and subscribe
12:24so you don't miss any of our next episodes.
12:27See you next time.
12:30Japan faces a series of demographic challenges,
12:34including an aging population and a low birth rate,
12:39which has led to an increase in the number of people living alone.
12:44In this context, robotic pets have become a growing trend,
12:50offering company and emotional support.
12:57I think robots can even be better at lifting a person's spirits.
13:05I think people want to have robots that they can open up to and show their emotions to.
13:14I think people want to have robots that they can open up to and show their emotions to.
13:21The robot makes visual contact, moves autonomously and even asks for hugs.
13:28This robot was developed to replace the pet in a family.
13:33In Japan, it costs the equivalent of 2,500 euros, not counting the monthly fees of 75 euros.
13:41It is not cheap, for one reason.
13:43Its exterior muzzle hides cutting-edge technology,
13:47with sensors and cameras that it uses not only to orient itself,
13:51but also to recognize faces and objects.
14:00The more time you spend with a robot like the robot,
14:03the more it knows and understands you.
14:06Why is it necessary?
14:08In essence, it means that it gets to know you by collecting data.
14:12Imagine a human-robot relationship based on trust,
14:17with a robot that knows you very well and understands you based on that information.
14:24In the industrialized world, more and more people live alone.
14:28In Japan, the number is one in three, but that figure is increasing.
14:33The inhabitants of Japanese cities that do not have time or space to have their own animal
14:38frequent the so-called cafes with pets.
14:40It is the same demographic segment that companies and robotics developers are now aiming for.
14:45The idea of having a robotic pet is not new.
14:48The first attempts date back to the mid-1990s,
14:53when the Bandai company launched the Tamagotchi.
14:56It was an international success.
14:58Another classic is the robot dog, Eibo.
15:00In 2018, fans were happy when it was re-launched with a new design and technology.
15:07Now, thanks to the help of sensors and artificial intelligence housed in the cloud,
15:12Eibo can recognize its owners, interact with them and learn new behaviors.
15:20Hubo is the minimalist version of this idea.
15:23It is nothing more than a cushion with a tail.
15:25Its sensors register when you touch it and respond by moving the tail.
15:29It can move it in 40 different ways.
15:34The start-up, based in Tokyo, which manufactures it,
15:36sells Hubo as a therapeutic stuffed animal.
15:42We are carrying out an experiment with Hubo in an old-age home in Tokyo,
15:47in a third-age home.
15:50We managed to show that it reduced the stress of the people who live there.
15:56Therapeutic companions are members of the family.
15:59Their creators say that in one way or another,
16:02robotic pets can improve people's lives.
16:09A new artistic revolution could be starting in the musical world thanks to the MUX.
16:15It is a deep learning model
16:18that has shown to have a great impact on the separation of audio-visual sources
16:23and musical creation.
16:25Next, we will learn about some of the ways
16:28in which this technology could be used in our daily lives.
16:36The world of musicians has just been greatly benefited
16:39by a recent application called MUX,
16:42which is a program that uses artificial intelligence
16:45to separate audio from a song of any genre
16:49in a track file.
16:51In this way, it would make it easier for musicians to release solos,
16:55to learn with the tracks, etc.
16:57The fourth version of the MUX is a separation model
17:00of last-generation music sources,
17:03currently capable of separating the drums,
17:06the bass, the guitar, the keyboards,
17:09the voices of the rest of the accompaniment.
17:12The MUX is based on a neural network.
17:15Unlike other programs,
17:17this application works with the waveform,
17:20which would be something like the digital footprint of the drums,
17:24the bass, the guitar, the keyboards, the voices, etc.
17:28The samples are available on the page of this application
17:32and even the source files are also available
17:35through this code exchange platform called GitHub.
17:39Due to the fact that the MUX application is based on a neural network,
17:44it has been initially trained with a set of data
17:47of almost a thousand songs of various genres,
17:50precisely to be able to have the various digital footprints
17:54of the instruments mentioned above.
17:57In the near future, this type of platform could be used
18:01to be able to differentiate much more easily
18:04from a set of mixed data,
18:07those sources independently,
18:10that have made up the complete information.
18:13Researchers in biology, cosmology, aviation
18:16and many other areas of engineering
18:19could be benefited from being able to isolate
18:22the information of the noise of the various sensors
18:25or devices that they use in their daily life.
18:28On the page of the MUX you can find
18:31a comparative test of this platform
18:34against at least one instrument.
18:37A comparative test of this platform
18:40against at least three of the best platforms
18:43used until before this technology.
18:46Thank you for your attention, until next time.
18:50Bollywood, the Indian cinematographic industry,
18:53is known worldwide for its vibrant
18:56and elaborate sequences of dance and music.
18:59These elements are not only fundamental
19:02for the narrative and entertainment of movies,
19:06but they have also transcended cultural borders,
19:09becoming a universal language
19:12that connects people from all over the world.
19:15Let's go to Colombia.
19:19The charm of Indian cinematography
19:22comes to the dance house with the Tardes de Bollywood workshop.
19:25A proposal by Juliana Cabrera,
19:28a classical dancer who guides the participants
19:31to vibrate with the sounds of the Indostan peninsula,
19:34reflecting the imposing productions
19:37in which dance is the main element
19:40and particular seal of the Bollywood scenes,
19:43the largest cinematographic industry in the world.
19:46Bollywood is a type of Indian art
19:49where it is not only dance and music,
19:52but also cinema,
19:55where the movement of the arms is extremely important,
19:58with the mudras, with the staccato,
20:01with very soft and light movements,
20:04but that have a lot of accent.
20:07Original choreographies and scenes
20:10of the great and not so classic Indian cinema
20:13were interpreted by Professor Juliana Cabrera
20:16in the company of her students.
20:19It has been something of always,
20:22it has been a passion of life.
20:25For me, dance is a midwife and a midwife,
20:28and that allows me to let many others die.
20:31A fusion of movements and styles of Indian dances
20:34such as the Bharatnatyam and the Bhagaram,
20:37the Jazz and the Funko were exhibited in the hall.
20:41The plov is the most emblematic dish of Uzbekistan,
20:44it has its roots in ancient Central Asia
20:47and its preparation and recipes
20:50have been transmitted from generation to generation.
20:53The dish is not only a gastronomic delight,
20:57but also a symbol of hospitality and community in this country.
21:03This dish is the plov, the rice
21:06without which Uzbeks cannot live.
21:09It is the jewel of Uzbek gastronomy
21:12and is present at the table of all great celebration
21:15in this Central Asian country.
21:18According to legend, the author of this dish was Avicenna,
21:21the Arab sage known as the prince of doctors.
21:24The dish consists of onion, carrot, meat, fat, salt, water and rice.
21:27In the house of the plov, Beshkozom,
21:30five boilers assure that if you talk about the plov,
21:33you think of Uzbekistan, and if you talk about Uzbekistan,
21:36you remember the plov.
21:39Five boilers is the largest plovery,
21:42not only in the capital Uzbekistan,
21:45but throughout the country,
21:48which at lunchtime receives 3,500 and 5,000 visitors a day,
21:51which is equivalent to 2.70 dollars.
21:54To serve their diners, they need approximately
21:57a ton of rice, a ton of meat, of lamb and beef,
22:00and between 2 and 3 tons of carrot, red and yellow.
22:03The work begins at 6 in the morning with the fire of the boilers.
22:06At that time, the apprentices clean and cut the carrot,
22:09wash the rice and chop the meat
22:12so that the most veterans can start preparing the plov.
22:15The good masters of the plov, known as Shpazom,
22:18are very appreciated in Uzbekistan,
22:21to such an extent that many couples set the date of the wedding
22:24only after making sure that for that day they will have one.
22:27To prepare this dish, first the oil is heated well,
22:30then the chopped meat is added and it is fried until it is golden,
22:33which is when the red and yellow carrot is added in sticks.
22:36With the already scalded tuber, the chopped fat,
22:39chickpeas, salt and pepper are incorporated.
22:42Once the broth boils, it is left to rest over low heat
22:45for 15 minutes and then the rice is put.
22:48In the house of the plov they serve it with a tomato salad
22:51and freshly baked bread.
22:54Thank you very much for joining us
22:57in the scientific and cultural newscast of Iberoamerican NCC.
23:00We thank the partners of Atei
23:03that through their platforms
23:06make this newscast possible,
23:09as well as the information agencies AFP,
23:12EFE, Xinhua and Dow Chevelle.
23:15I am Iván Carrillo.
23:18I invite you to visit our website noticiasncc.com
23:21and to follow us on our social networks.
23:24We are at arroba nsc iberoamerica.
23:27The next emission, more scientific and cultural information.
23:42Translation and subtitling by Laura V. Mor.