Pemerintah baru-baru ini telah merilis Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No. 28 Tahun 2024 terkait pelaksanaan Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Tujuan utama dari peraturan ini adalah untuk menurunkan angka Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) di masyarakat.
Gabungan Pengusaha Makanan dan Minuman Indonesia (Gapmmi) menyatakan dukungan terhadap tujuan pemerintah dalam menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih sehat. Namun, Gapmmi juga menyampaikan keprihatinannya bahwa peraturan ini seakan-akan menempatkan seluruh beban penurunan angka PTM hanya pada produsen pangan olahan.
Gabungan Pengusaha Makanan dan Minuman Indonesia (Gapmmi) menyatakan dukungan terhadap tujuan pemerintah dalam menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih sehat. Namun, Gapmmi juga menyampaikan keprihatinannya bahwa peraturan ini seakan-akan menempatkan seluruh beban penurunan angka PTM hanya pada produsen pangan olahan.
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TVTranscript
00:00In this program, we will talk about the latest news from Indonesia.
00:20Hello viewers, how are you today?
00:23Back again with me, Prasetyo Wibo in Market Review.
00:27This time, the market review will be from the food and beverage industry.
00:31We know that the government has issued a new ballot.
00:34There are restrictions on sugar, salt, and fat in processed foods.
00:39What are the impacts?
00:40What will be the impact on the industry sector?
00:43Let's start the market review.
00:46The government has issued a new ballot.
00:55The government has issued a new ballot.
01:04The government has issued a new ballot.
01:12The government has issued a new ballot.
01:36The government has issued a new ballot.
01:45The government has issued a new ballot.
01:55The government has issued a new ballot.
02:18The government has issued a new ballot.
02:32The government has issued a new ballot.
02:39The government has issued a new ballot.
03:01The government has issued a new ballot.
03:06Good morning, Mr. Fitra.
03:18Good morning, Mr. Prasetyo.
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05:13still around 50, around 50, 51, 52, like that.
05:22It's still expansive but lower than the previous months.
05:26This indicates that there is a little reduction in production
05:31because the purchasing power of the people has decreased a little.
05:34This is the condition, Mr. Prasetyo.
05:36Okay, that's it.
05:37The purchasing power of the people has become a concern of many parties lately.
05:41Mr. Wittra, how is your review?
05:43Is it true that there is a decrease in the purchasing power of the people?
05:46Or do you just look at the shifting?
05:48After we said there was a holiday, then a new school year,
05:53then they finally held back for consumption.
05:57Mr. Wittra.
05:59Yes, Mr. Prasetyo.
06:00So if we look at the seasonal side,
06:03indeed in the first quarter, as Mr. Aditya said,
06:08it's pretty okay.
06:10It's also proven that in the month of March or April,
06:13the index of consumer trust is above average.
06:17But again, if we first look at the consumer trust index,
06:21in the last two months,
06:24it has entered an area that is actually much worse
06:28than the average of one year.
06:30So the things that make the consumer trust index worse
06:35are several sub-brackets.
06:37The first is the condition or confidence in the current economic condition.
06:42Then job availability.
06:45In this case, it means that in the consumer context,
06:49they don't trust themselves more than a few months ago.
06:55It means that from the side of purchasing power,
06:59we can also see that our consumers are actually in a weak condition.
07:05We can also see this, for example, from the inflation rate yesterday,
07:09which last month was actually below the consensus.
07:15The consensus last month was 2.4% year-on-year.
07:18What happened was 2.13%.
07:20Indeed, there is a contribution from the supply side,
07:24from food products,
07:27which is because we are talking about the rice harvest
07:29that shifted from January-February to March-April
07:32because of the Alminio effect yesterday.
07:34So the food supply,
07:36the supply of basic necessities is relatively abundant.
07:41But on the other hand,
07:43if we look at the indicators from the ICT and also the financial sector,
07:49it actually experienced a deflation.
07:51And as far as we know,
07:52for the past five years,
07:54we can see, for example, from Chris's side,
07:56Chris already has 40 to 50 million merchants using it.
08:02If we look at it from the users' side,
08:03there are almost 80 million users.
08:05This means that the majority of transactions are on the financial platform.
08:08If it has experienced a deflation,
08:10it means that the consumer is experiencing a decline in purchasing,
08:16in that context.
08:18This means that there is a slowdown in demand.
08:20Likewise, if we look at the data that was also published yesterday,
08:25there is a self-spending index,
08:27which shows that the consumer
08:29has started to move from the comfort zone to the food zone.
08:33What does it mean?
08:34This means that from the income side,
08:37the proportion is more for food than non-food.
08:42Why is it like that?
08:43Because their income is limited,
08:44so the biggest priority for them is food.
08:49If we look at the relevance of our topic today,
08:53there is a kind of reformulation.
08:56In terms of ingredients,
08:59it will also affect the consumer
09:03who has more food than non-food.
09:08Especially if we look at the middle class,
09:10our middle class is actually leaking.
09:13Now it's only 17% of the middle class.
09:15Okay.
09:16Compared to the 2019 condition,
09:18which is still above 21% or 22%.
09:22This means that our middle class is shrinking,
09:24and the casing power is also getting limited.
09:26So, the constraints related to consumption
09:29will definitely continue to pressure the consumer.
09:34Not to mention that next year,
09:36there will be a PNB exemption.
09:38In addition to this limitation,
09:41there is also a policy to apply tax
09:43for sweetened drinks and so on.
09:45I think this has a significant contraction effect.
09:50Although of course we can also admit
09:52that this is actually the government's excuse.
09:54Why would they want to reduce
09:56the consumption of sweetened drinks?
10:00Because maybe the BPJS rate is now plummeting
10:03as a result of this condition,
10:05which is degenerative.
10:07But I think this is still too hasty.
10:11Because if we look at food,
10:13there is sugar, salt, and all kinds of things.
10:16I agreed earlier with Mr. Adi,
10:19sugar and salt are actually a lot of things.
10:22And not just focused on one or two sectors.
10:26Okay, Dedy.
10:27It's interesting.
10:28So, what is it like with the strengthening of the new ballot?
10:31We know that there is a rule of law number 28 in 2024
10:35related to the implementation of Law No. 17 in 2023 on health.
10:39Will this actually be more pressing
10:41from the food and drink industry?
10:43Because earlier, some challenges have also been addressed.
10:45Mr. Peter.
10:46Then there are a few other things related to restrictions.
10:49We will discuss later in the next segment.
10:51Stay with us.
11:10Thank you for still joining us in Market Review.
11:12In the next segment, we will provide data
11:14related to crucial points in food and drink
11:16as well as related to the PP that has just been distributed by the government.
11:19You can watch the full video on your television screen.
11:22Okay, we will see.
11:23There is article 194 paragraph 4 in the PP number 28 in 2024
11:27which states that the central government
11:29can impose a tax exemption on certain foods and drinks
11:32in accordance with the provisions of the law.
11:35Next, in article 195 verse 1,
11:38production, import, or the avoidance of ready-to-eat foods and drinks
11:42must meet a limit of maximum sugar, salt, and fat.
11:47And next, in article 195 verse 4,
11:50it is forbidden to use food or materials that are risky
11:54to cause non-transmissible diseases.
11:56And next, we will discuss sanctions
11:59against producers who do not comply with any ready-to-eat food and drink regulations.
12:05Okay, next.
12:06There are written reminders.
12:08Then there are administrative penalties.
12:11There is a suspension of production activities,
12:13and even a cancellation of business permits.
12:17These are some of the sanctions that are ready to wait for the producers,
12:21or industrialists, in the food and drink industry
12:24who do not comply with certain regulations.
12:28Now, let's see.
12:29Who is the party that regulates the sanctions against food and drink regulations?
12:34There is the Ministry of Trade.
12:36Then there is the Ministry of Industry.
12:38So, the Ministry of Industry also has a pump body,
12:41as well as the regional government.
12:43These are the parties that regulate the sanctions
12:46against food and drink regulations.
12:48Okay, we will continue our discussion with you,
12:51Mr. Dilukman from GAPMI,
12:52and also Mr. Peter Faisal,
12:53Samuel, Indonesia's Security.
12:56Okay, Mr. Adi, we will continue.
12:58This is interesting with the new ballot,
13:00PP number 28, year 2024.
13:03What can we review?
13:04In your opinion, has this been socialized well,
13:08or do you see any contradictions in it?
13:10Please.
13:11Yes, I agree with Mr. Fitra that this is too rushed.
13:15So, we from the association very much agree
13:19that the government must handle the non-contagious disease
13:22which is commonly referred to as the BPJSU fee,
13:25which is more than Rp70 trillion,
13:27which is sustained by the non-contagious disease.
13:30We agree with that.
13:32But we have to see whether the methods
13:35that will be applied are effective or not,
13:37including what Mr. Fitra said earlier
13:39about the sanctions and the rest,
13:41and the restrictions,
13:42and even that is very contradictory.
13:45In one article, it states that standards must be set,
13:48on the other hand,
13:49it is forbidden to use frozen food
13:51which is at risk of non-contagious disease.
13:56For example, we can't use sugar or salt.
14:00This is very illogical.
14:03We know that processed food is an aggregate.
14:07The output per capita of Indonesia
14:10is contributed by only 30%.
14:1470% is contributed by fresh food,
14:17household, catering, restaurants, etc.
14:20If we want to overcome this,
14:22of course, the whole must be overcome,
14:25and not just the industry.
14:27And even if it is applied only to sweet drinks,
14:31the contribution of sugar to sweet drinks
14:33is only around 4-6%,
14:36which is very small.
14:38And we have not yet determined the category of food.
14:41If all foods are limited,
14:43let's say it is not contradictory,
14:45but limited,
14:46we have not yet agreed on the limit,
14:48how many percent.
14:49If, for example, there is a food category
14:52that must use sugar, salt, etc.
14:56Because sugar and salt have functions in the food process.
15:00Some are for texture,
15:02some are for taste,
15:03some are for preservation,
15:05some are for binding functions,
15:07and so on.
15:08There are so many of them.
15:10To put it simply,
15:12so that the general public will be aware.
15:14Dodol.
15:15Dodol has a high sugar content, 30%.
15:17But we eat dodol not every day.
15:21Maybe once a month,
15:23even once a year,
15:24during Eid, Eid al-Adha,
15:26during Christmas, and so on.
15:28But, automatically,
15:30the sugar intake from dodol
15:32is very small for consumption.
15:34Meanwhile,
15:36there are foods whose sugar content is not high,
15:39just medium,
15:40but can be eaten 3-4 times a day,
15:43even 6 pieces or bottles, and so on.
15:46This is more,
15:47the sugar intake is more.
15:49The government must have a base,
15:51what food category,
15:53how much total diet,
15:55how much sugar intake,
15:57we must have a total diet study.
15:59We have done it together
16:01with Kemenkes,
16:03with the association,
16:04and also helped by FASIBB,
16:06at that time,
16:08to do a total diet study in 2013.
16:10But the data is no longer valid.
16:12The government must do it first,
16:14to know,
16:16which one is too much.
16:18Maybe the consumption,
16:20the risk of PTM
16:22comes from household food,
16:24because people mostly eat
16:26rice, for example.
16:28Is rice also a risk
16:30that can't be used,
16:32and can't be eaten?
16:33It's impossible.
16:34So, it's very contradictory
16:36the rules in PTM.
16:38This is what we have to agree on together.
16:41We have to see
16:43the national interaction,
16:45as Mr. Peter said,
16:47don't rush,
16:48we have to be comprehensive.
16:50Many countries have implemented
16:52sweeteners,
16:53but failed in controlling PTM.
16:56It even increased.
16:57There are Mexico, Chile,
16:59England, Thailand,
17:01and so on.
17:02Many data show that.
17:04This is what we have to realize.
17:07We have to advance national interest,
17:09we have to be comprehensive,
17:11study, and involve all stakeholders.
17:13Okay, Mr. Adi.
17:14Maybe it can also be explained,
17:16how important is the use
17:18of sugar, salt, and fat
17:20in the food processing process
17:22before it's consumed by the public?
17:24It's very necessary.
17:26As I said, the function,
17:28for example, I take sugar.
17:29The function of sugar is for texture,
17:31for taste, for maintenance,
17:33for binding, and so on.
17:36These are the functions that,
17:38whether you like it or not,
17:39there are certain products
17:41that have to be used.
17:43Whether you like it or not,
17:44it has to be used.
17:45On the other hand,
17:47for the consumer or the diet,
17:51sugar is very necessary.
17:53Especially in the growing period.
17:55People who are very active,
17:57they need a lot of energy
17:59for this.
18:00Don't let it be a lack of energy,
18:02and so on.
18:03Okay.
18:04Whether you like it or not,
18:05it has to be limited.
18:07It has to be controlled by yourself,
18:10and it has to be consumed in a balanced way,
18:14with activities, and so on.
18:16Many countries show that
18:17the consumption per capita is high,
18:19but the BTN is low.
18:20Why?
18:21Because of the activities,
18:22balanced nutrition, and so on,
18:23the people are aware of it.
18:25This is it.
18:26We have to educate the people together.
18:29And we are very ready.
18:31We even want to launch,
18:33we will hold a pilot project
18:35to make education massively,
18:38together with the government,
18:40and even measured
18:41in certain sector groups,
18:43in certain groups,
18:44let's say in the education sector,
18:46from primary school to junior high school,
18:48we measure it.
18:49This is the road.
18:50We have to make a road map.
18:52What should we do in the first five years?
18:54What should we do in the second five years?
18:55And so on.
18:56Not to force the rules
18:59that are not very clear.
19:01Okay, Mr. Dina.
19:02Mr. Fitr,
19:03how do you see this rule?
19:04Will it add more tasks
19:06from the government
19:08or the most reliable institutions
19:10such as BPOM,
19:11regarding maybe the ingredients
19:13that release a list
19:15that may not be usable,
19:17or certain limitations
19:19in a content of food
19:21or ingredients
19:22as you said, Mr. Fitr.
19:25Yes, Mr. Pres.
19:26So, I agree with Mr. Adi earlier
19:29that this regulation
19:30is made too hastily.
19:33One of the indications is,
19:35there were a few contradictory things earlier,
19:37but I want to point out one more thing
19:39that was not mentioned by Mr. Adi earlier.
19:42In this regulation,
19:44there is also a tax.
19:46Okay.
19:47If we talk about tax,
19:48the essence of tax is to control.
19:50So, if we only talk about tax,
19:54there is no need to limit it.
19:56So, that's actually
19:58a limitation
20:00if we talk about tax.
20:02For example,
20:03if one food or one product
20:05is taxed,
20:06then there will be three options for the producer.
20:09Either to reformulate
20:11the ingredients
20:13so that it won't be taxed,
20:16then I imagine there will be a threshold.
20:19That alone is part of the limitation.
20:21Although the risk is,
20:22if we talk about the consumer,
20:24the consumer has a kind of behavior,
20:26and has a kind of taste.
20:29When doing this reformulation,
20:31there is actually a risk of losing the consumer.
20:34The usual sweetness becomes unsweetened.
20:36It's different.
20:37The first is reformulation.
20:38There is a risk of reformulation.
20:40That's one option.
20:41The second option is
20:43this is directly taxed.
20:45Just be taxed.
20:47There is no reformulation.
20:49But the impact,
20:50the consumer has to pay higher.
20:52That will be a deterrent factor
20:54from the consumer side.
20:56So it becomes more expensive.
20:58So maybe they will reduce
21:00their consumption.
21:01The third is
21:02directly taxed by the producer.
21:05Which will then reduce the margin
21:07of the producer
21:08which until now,
21:09has actually started to be reduced.
21:11Because if we look from the
21:13Purchasing Manager Index in Manufacturing,
21:15it has been cut off.
21:17It has even entered the contract.
21:18So if we talk about it, it's just taxed.
21:21But when it's taxed,
21:22then there is a standard limitation,
21:23and so on,
21:24which Mr. Pras also mentioned earlier.
21:26This is redundant.
21:27If it's redundant like this,
21:29it means
21:30the making of the regulations
21:31is done in a hurry.
21:34The most important thing
21:36is that we change
21:38the consumption pattern
21:41of the community.
21:42Because,
21:44if it's like that,
21:46the impact is,
21:47in my opinion,
21:48more catastrophic.
21:49Because it will directly
21:51hit the industry.
21:54But if we change the spending pattern
21:56gradually,
21:58then,
21:59as I heard from Mr. Adi,
22:02it's actually very good.
22:03It means there is a kind of learning pattern
22:04from the community.
22:05The point is,
22:07don't consume too many
22:09sweet foods.
22:10And it must then come from
22:12yourself.
22:14But it can happen,
22:16do you know?
22:18If, for example,
22:19the standard income is already good.
22:22Now, the consumer
22:24is definitely leaking from the middle class,
22:26becoming an aspiring middle class.
22:28The small middle class,
22:29the big one is the aspiring middle class,
22:32which is the group,
22:33the group with a lower income.
22:34What does it mean?
22:35As long as they leak,
22:37what do they do?
22:38Down trading.
22:40When they do down trading,
22:41usually,
22:42what they consume
22:43is actually
22:45foods that are actually relatively risky
22:48in terms of health.
22:50So, if this is done,
22:53that's why Mr. Adi
22:55also said earlier,
22:57in other best practices,
22:59it doesn't happen.
23:00It actually increases the risk of diabetes.
23:02Because that's what happens
23:04when, for example,
23:05this is the price,
23:06what is it called,
23:07the final price
23:08in the end becomes more expensive.
23:10And it affects the price pattern
23:12as a whole.
23:14In the end,
23:15the people I mentioned earlier,
23:17now the middle class is more,
23:19the release group is for food,
23:21they are actually regressive.
23:24It's like smoking.
23:25It's regressive.
23:26Pressing for who?
23:27The middle class.
23:28And because of that,
23:29because the middle class doesn't have an alternative,
23:31better food,
23:33in the end,
23:34the risk of diabetes rises.
23:36So, this is what we have to pay attention to.
23:38So, we have to take care of the ecosystem too.
23:40That's it.
23:41An interesting analysis
23:42related to the real condition
23:43as it happens in today's society.
23:45Because healthy food is expensive.
23:47Yes, that's it.
23:48Okay, we will discuss in the next segment,
23:49Mr. Mitra and Mr. Adi.
23:50We will be back in a moment.
23:51And, viewers,
23:52make sure you are still with us.
23:54We will be back in a moment.