偉人・敗北からの教訓 2024年10月05日 第62回「吉田松陰・安政の大獄に散った苛烈な思想家」
偉人・敗北からの教訓 2024年10月05日 第62回「吉田松陰・安政の大獄に散った苛烈な思想家」
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TVTranscript
00:00Although it was a coincidental victory, all the defeats were inevitable.
00:08How did the foreigners, who had colored the history of Japan, lose?
00:13What was the cause and mistake behind it?
00:19This time, we will take a closer look at the defeat of Yoshida Shouin, the founder of the Shoka Sanjuku,
00:24who opened the Shoka Sanjuku in Bakumatsu.
00:29He was a teacher who opened the way for the revolution,
00:34putting an end to the education of excellent talents for the threat of the advancing Western countries.
00:38Why did he open the Shoka Sanjuku in Bakumatsu,
00:42while being targeted by the shogunate in the capital of Ansei?
00:47The philosophy of life learned from the failures of the defeated.
00:53The Lessons from the Defeat of Foreigners
01:01What do we learn from the failures of the foreigners in history?
01:08I'm Yuri Nakanishi, the voice of the founder of the Shoka Sanjuku,
01:13and I'm Jun Ito, a historian.
01:18This time, we will take a closer look at the failures of the foreigners in Bakumatsu for three weeks in a row.
01:23From Bakumatsu to the Meiji era, so many foreigners were born that they could not be compared to those of the Sengoku period.
01:28It's a time that history fans can't get enough of.
01:32The charm of the foreigners in Bakumatsu is that, unlike the Sengoku period,
01:37they didn't come from the Shiri-Shuoku or the Komyo-Shin.
01:42They came from the Shishis, who were prepared to give their lives for the sake of the country.
01:47Without them, the Meiji government would have been an extension of the Shogunate.
01:52I think it would have been a great hindrance to modernization.
01:57In that respect, the charm of Bakumatsu is that it is not Riko, but Rita.
02:02I think there is a lot to love in the modern world.
02:07This person is also one of those heroes.
02:12This time, I would like to focus on the defeat of Yoshida Shoin,
02:17who opened the Shoka Sonjuku in Bakumatsu for a long time.
02:22Yoshida Shoin is an excellent educator,
02:27but at the same time, I think he was a radical revolutionary.
02:32What is your impression of Yoshida Shoin?
02:37There is a novel called Shibari Otaro-sensei's Days in the World.
02:42I read that novel from a young age,
02:47and I was struck by the purity and intensity of Shoin-sensei.
02:52Are you a fan of Shoin?
02:54In a word, I'm a fan of Shoin.
02:56Yoshida Shoin was executed in the so-called Ansei Empire.
03:01What was going on at the time?
03:05From 1858 to the following year,
03:10the Ansei Empire was a massacre against the upper class,
03:15led by Ii Naosuke.
03:17From Kugeya, Daimyo, and Shishima,
03:20more than 100 Shishis including Yoshida Shoin were executed.
03:24It was a massacre.
03:27Yoshida Shoin was in the midst of such a big uproar.
03:31Today, we will look at the lessons learned from the defeat of Yoshida Shoin.
03:37First, let's take a look at the life of Yoshida Shoin.
03:43Yoshida Shoin was a great influence on the Meiji Shogunate Shishis.
03:48He was born in 1830 in Kakyubu City,
03:51in Choshu-ku, Hagi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture.
03:57At the age of five, Yoshida Shoin became the head of the Meiji Shogunate.
04:03After five years of strict Spartan education,
04:07he became the head of the Meiji Shogunate,
04:11one of the top three schools in Japan.
04:15He also gave lectures to the head of the Meiji Shogunate, Mori Takashika.
04:22He soon learned about the threat of foreign ships coming to Japan.
04:27He visited Kyushu, Edo, Tohoku, etc.
04:31He read vast volumes and gained knowledge about the world situation.
04:39At the age of 24, he witnessed Perry's arrival in Uraga.
04:44The next year, he boarded Perry's black ship,
04:48which had arrived in Uraga for the first time.
04:52He set sail for Japan.
04:56However, this plan failed,
04:59and he was forced to return to Choshu and was imprisoned.
05:06When he was released,
05:08he established the Shoka-son-juku,
05:11where everyone can learn regardless of their family background.
05:15Among the members of the Shoka-son-juku were
05:19Takasugi Shinsaku, Kusaka Genji, Ito Hirobumi,
05:24and other heroes who became the driving force of the Shogunate.
05:32In 1858, when Tairo I. Naosuke signed the Treaty of Shukotsu,
05:39the members of the Shogunate criticized the Shogunate
05:44and planned to assassinate the Shogun.
05:49In a panic, the members of the Shogunate immediately closed the Shoka-son-juku
05:54and imprisoned the members of the Shogunate.
05:57The Shogunate, which was in a state of panic,
06:00summoned the members of the Shogunate to Edo to investigate.
06:05As it turned out, the members of the Shogunate
06:07confessed to their plan of terrorism and were charged with death penalty.
06:12It was the moment when the members of the Shogunate were defeated.
06:19Why did the members of the Shogunate confess to their crimes and be executed?
06:26This time, we will look at the events of the life of the members of the Shogunate
06:30who fell into a dark prison without seeing the end of the revolution.
06:36Now, let's take a look at the main events of the life of the members of the Shogunate.
06:40At the age of 10, he gave a speech.
06:42At the age of 11, he gave a lecture in front of the Shogunate.
06:45He was a genius boy.
06:47That's right.
06:48Yoshitake was a member of the Yamaga-ryu Heigaku-shihan.
06:53At the age of 11, he gave a lecture in front of the Shogunate's Mori Takachika
06:59in front of the Yamagasho-ku Heigaku-shoh,
07:02which was a part of the Bukyo Zen-sho.
07:05As a result, the name of the member of the Shogunate spread in the Shogunate.
07:08There was a rumor that there was a genius boy.
07:11It's okay to say he was a genius.
07:13Yes.
07:14He was a great example to the students of the Shogunate who later raised him.
07:20The students of the Shogunate are really rich,
07:23and it is often thought that they came out of the Shogunate.
07:28In short, the Satcho is the same as the Meijishin taking over the country.
07:32Many people were involved in the government's fights.
07:36To tell the truth, there were many talented people in the Shogunate.
07:40However, in the case of the Shogunate,
07:42they did not take over the country because they were not able to promote the Meijishin.
07:46In a sense, the Choshu and Satsuma took over the country.
07:49That's why the Shogunate later adopted the name of the Meijishin.
07:55That's right.
07:56In the first place, what was the position of the Choshu group in Japan in this era?
08:02To list the characteristics of the Choshu group,
08:04the founder was Oeno Hiromoto.
08:06He was the founder of the Kamakura Shogunate in the Kamakura period.
08:09He was the founder of the Meijishin.
08:11Is that so?
08:12That's right.
08:13He was from Kuge,
08:16and until the end of the Meijishin,
08:18the Meijishin had a strong relationship with the Choshu government.
08:21That's amazing.
08:22That's true.
08:23This is the first point.
08:24The second point is that he was defeated in the battle of Sekigahara,
08:27and he had a grudge against the Shogunate,
08:30saying that he was one-fourth of Kokudakawa.
08:34The third point is that
08:36the Meirin-Kan, a group of rebellious people,
08:38had an anti-principalist doctrine.
08:41The principle of principality is important for the middle class.
08:44It means that you can't go against your parents or the Shogun.
08:47It was a group of people who opposed the values and regulations of their ancestors.
08:54The Shogun, an evangelist,
08:58was like pouring oil into the fire.
09:00I see.
09:01He raised the rank of the Shogunate,
09:03and went from the top of the Shogunate to the top of the Shogunate.
09:06In a sense, it was a pleasure,
09:08but I think that was one of the characteristics of the Choshu group.
09:13He was a genius boy who was known by the Choshu people since he was a child.
09:17The greatest weapon of such a Shogun
09:19is his bold action.
09:21What kind of action did the Shogun take
09:24when he felt the threat of the U.S. and Japan?
09:27Let's take a look at his belief.
09:31Sowing seeds in the spring,
09:33planting seedlings in the summer,
09:35reaping in the autumn,
09:37and harvesting in the winter.
09:39There is a similar order in the lives of people.
09:42It is not the length of the lunar month.
09:46I am 30 years old,
09:48and I think I have reached the time of harvest.
09:52Please, as a single seed,
09:54become the seed of the next spring.
10:00This is a quote from Ryukon-roku,
10:03written by the Shogun the day before his execution.
10:08Ryukon-roku became the Bible of the Shogun's disciples,
10:12and became a great driving force for the Shogunate.
10:19The Shogun was prepared to die in prison.
10:22If he was sentenced to death tomorrow,
10:25he would be executed right away.
10:29This is the last work of his life,
10:31which he wrote in his own words,
10:33with a sense of urgency.
10:39Shogun Sonjuku, who sent many heroes to Bakumatsu,
10:43was left in the shrine of the Shogun of Hagishi
10:46as he was at that time.
10:54We asked Mr. Shiragami of Uji to show us around.
10:58This is the Kogi-doma of Shogun Sonjuku.
11:02It was not built,
11:04so the shrine was built here.
11:07Later, the shrine was built.
11:12What kind of person was Shoin Yoshida?
11:17We asked Mr. Ishizaka, a special student at the Hagihakubusukan.
11:24I think he was a very special person.
11:27He was pure, and focused on the future of Japan.
11:31His way of thinking was beyond common sense.
11:35However, his way of thinking
11:38made me want to do my best,
11:41so I got many people involved.
11:46Everyone, go crazy!
11:50This is what Shoin said at the shrine.
11:54Even if I was told I was crazy,
11:57I had the belief that if I thought so, I should think so.
12:04Shoin did what he believed in,
12:08and continued his philosophy until his death.
12:14Shoin was actually a member of the Meirin-Kan.
12:19The next year, he held a Kogi in front of Hanshu Mori Takashika.
12:26Mr. Kawai, a historian, told us about this Kogi.
12:32At that time, I had a wonderful lesson.
12:35I was told that I was a genius,
12:38and that I was able to attract the attention of a boy named Shoin Yoshida.
12:46In 1842, Shoin, who was 13 years old at the time,
12:51was shocked to learn that his country, China, was defeated by Britain in the Japanese War.
13:01He felt a sense of crisis that Japan might face the same fate.
13:06I think that was the turning point in Shoin's life.
13:13In 1852,
13:16Shoin heard that a Russian ship had appeared in the Northeast.
13:21He thought he had to take immediate action as a military commander.
13:28Shoin didn't have to take any action.
13:31He wasn't asked to do anything by the government or the military.
13:37He was just a student who was studying in Edo.
13:43When he heard that Russia was involved,
13:47he thought he had to take action.
13:51That's Shoin.
13:54At that time, Shoin was planning to go to the Northeast with his friends,
14:00but he couldn't get a permit from the military.
14:04Although he could get a permit without a permit,
14:08Shoin had to keep his promise to his friends.
14:15This is what Shoin was good at.
14:17Normally, he would say,
14:19I haven't finished my studies yet, so you guys go ahead.
14:22I'm going to cancel this time.
14:24Normally, he would say that.
14:26But Shoin would say,
14:28I'm going to value my friendship with my friends more than that.
14:33Shoin broke the rules and inspected the coast guard of Tsugaru.
14:39He was surprised by the reality of the government,
14:42which had no measures against foreign ships.
14:46Shoin was waiting for a solution.
14:49He was waiting for a solution.
14:52He was waiting for a solution.
14:56He was forced to join the government because he didn't have a permit.
15:00He was forced to join the government because he didn't have a permit.
15:04However, he was allowed to study abroad for 10 years.
15:09It was a special measure.
15:13I think that the government was paying close attention to Shoin.
15:18However, he couldn't say,
15:20you are the only one who is not guilty in front of the other judges.
15:23He continued to punish Shoin,
15:26but after 10 years, he wanted to use him as a judge again.
15:37In 1853,
15:40the American Perry fleet, the Black Ships, appeared in Uragao.
15:44There was a revolution throughout the country.
15:48Japan was also threatened by the U.S.
15:53The government was forced to decide whether to open the country or go to war.
16:02A letter from Shoin was left in Uragao.
16:07It was written in the name of the revolution.
16:10It was written in the name of the revolution.
16:13It was written in the name of the revolution.
16:17Shoin realized that he couldn't fight back.
16:21He desperately searched for what he could do for Japan.
16:27He went to Shimoda with Kaneko Shigenosuke,
16:31the leader of the Shoshu fleet.
16:38What was the purpose of Shoin's journey to Shimoda?
16:42What was the purpose of Shoin's journey to Shimoda?
17:01Shoin was shocked by the overwhelming power of the Black Ships.
17:05What did Shoin do in Shimoda?
17:09Shoin went to the house of a doctor he met in Shimoda.
17:16He wrote a letter to Perry in this room.
17:22I'm studying military science, but I'm not familiar with it yet.
17:28I'd like to see the world. Could you please help me?
17:33He handed this letter to the crew of the Black Ships.
17:38Perry responded to his letter and sent him to the U.S.
17:44The next day, Shoin boarded a small ship and headed for the fleet.
17:52It was a very unplanned trip.
17:54We didn't have a road, so we used a haystack,
17:58but it was worn out, so we had to use a rope.
18:01It was a terrible sight.
18:03We didn't have a haystack or a rope.
18:07Shoin risked his life to get to the Black Ships,
18:11but he struggled to get there.
18:16What did Shoin want to do in the U.S.?
18:22The Black Ships at the time had 3,800 tons of waste water.
18:26Japanese ships have a wooden hull that weighs at least 100 tons.
18:30We wanted to know the science and technology of the Black Ships.
18:38Perry, who had just signed a peace treaty with Japan and the U.S.,
18:42rejected Shoin's offer.
18:45However, he praised Shoin's actions during the expedition.
18:52I felt that Shoin had a spirit of challenge
18:56that was different from other Japanese people.
19:02After failing to sail the Black Ships,
19:05Shoin was sent to Edo.
19:08He read a poem in front of the Sengaku-ji Temple,
19:12where the Ako-gishi rests.
19:16Ako-gishi, who had devoted himself to the Lord,
19:20and the Yamato spirit, who knew that the more he studied, the more he became.
19:25Perhaps the two were the same.
19:28Ako-gishi, who devoted himself to the Lord,
19:32and the Yamato spirit, who had devoted himself to the country.
19:36Ako-gishi, who devoted himself to the Lord,
19:40and the Yamato spirit, who knew that the more he studied, the more he became.
19:44Ako-gishi, who devoted himself to the Lord,
19:47and the Yamato spirit, who knew that the more he studied, the more he became.
19:52When the investigation of the Black Ships began,
19:55Shoin expressed his passion to the officials.
20:01I felt bad for what I had done,
20:04but I wanted to do something for Japan.
20:07I was able to accept the punishment.
20:12Originally, the execution of the Black Ships was a punishment.
20:16However, the execution of the Black Ships was a light punishment.
20:23I felt that I had moved the Black Ships.
20:32It seems that Shoin understood the situation.
20:37However, after the execution of the Black Ships,
20:41the Choshu-han ordered a one-year rest in Noyamagoku.
20:46What was Shoin like at that time?
20:50He was so optimistic that I couldn't believe it.
20:53He wrote in a letter that he was enjoying studying and studying
20:58by going to Noyamagoku.
21:03In a one-year rest, Shoin read 600 books.
21:09He told the officials about the contents of the books.
21:16At first, the officials didn't know him,
21:20but soon everyone fell in love with Shoin's words.
21:26In addition,
21:29Shoin said,
21:31You are good at writing.
21:33Your writing is wonderful.
21:35How can I improve it?
21:37He found out the strengths of each officer and asked them to teach him.
21:42He also asked other officers to learn from him.
21:47Within a year, the prison became a school.
21:53In this way, Shoin began to show his talent as an unrivaled educator.
22:04He was not only smart and excellent,
22:08but his ability to act was different from that of ordinary people.
22:16Shoin was a very unique person.
22:20Shoin is a typical example of an unrivaled person.
22:25Shoin is a person who acts as soon as he thinks.
22:29There are good and bad points about Shoin.
22:32There is a saying,
22:34Shoin is a person who shows his personality the best.
22:38When he wants to do something,
22:40he can't wait any longer and does it right away.
22:44He can't wait to do something.
22:51He has to keep his promise.
22:54I think that's a good excuse.
22:56He can't help wanting to go.
22:58He wants to go as soon as possible.
23:00He is counting the departure time.
23:02He was a person who couldn't control his curiosity and motivation.
23:07I agree.
23:08I thought it was reckless to try to get on a black ship.
23:14What do you think the original purpose was?
23:18Here is Jun Ito's point of view,
23:21which is the back side of history from the point of view of a historian.
23:27I don't think there was a specific purpose.
23:31When Shoin wants to get on,
23:33wants to know, wants to go,
23:35he can't wait.
23:37Shoin said that he had a long way to go.
23:40He wanted to assassinate Perry.
23:42He wanted to steal the technology.
23:44Shoin himself said that he wanted to become a spy.
23:49I think it's all a set-up.
23:52Do you just want to get on and go?
23:56In addition to that,
23:58the fact that he tried to be a priest,
24:01gives an impact to the people around him,
24:03and the people around him get excited.
24:05In other words, he did a stand-up play that no one had ever done before.
24:10I think it's a set-up for young people.
24:15If you move in a hurry,
24:17someone will always follow you.
24:20If you convey your feelings with your words,
24:23the other person will definitely understand.
24:26Even with such a pure spirit,
24:28be careful not to be alone.
24:36Shoin Yoshida was respected by many scholars
24:40for his pure heart and passion for the future of this country.
24:44However, as the pressure from foreign countries and the pressure of the shogunate increased,
24:49Shoin's ideas became more extreme,
24:51and the countdown to defeat began.
24:53Please take a look at this.
24:56It's boring to be a scholar.
24:59To become a scholar, you just need to read a book.
25:04To become a scholar, you need to read a book.
25:09The most important thing is to set up a goal.
25:13Dreams, goals, and goals.
25:16I started to teach from the point where I can set up a goal for the scholars.
25:27Naosuke Ii, who became a shogun,
25:30decided to sign a treaty with Japan and the U.S. without the consent of the shogunate.
25:37According to Mr. Yamamura, a historian who knows a lot about the end of the shogunate,
25:42The U.S. says,
25:44if we sign a treaty with Japan,
25:47when Britain and France attack Japan,
25:49Japan will become a mediator.
25:54The shogunate, which knew that Japan was being targeted by Britain and France,
25:59had no choice but to sign a treaty with the U.S.
26:05However, the shogunate...
26:08The shogunate is the absolute ruler.
26:11The reason why the shogunate did it without the permission of the shogunate
26:14is because of the anger of the shogunate.
26:18Justice is a part of the country.
26:21If you disobey it now, the country will be destroyed.
26:24What can I say about that?
26:28If you don't sign a treaty with the shogunate now,
26:30you will be criticized by the people of the country.
26:34The shogunate, which shouts so loudly,
26:36sends its students to Edo and Kyoto one after another to collect information.
26:44At this time, the shogunate's Shokasonjuku
26:47was getting darker in color.
26:52In 1858, Naosuke Ii
26:55started the Ansei Empire,
26:58which thoroughly suppressed the opposition to the shogunate.
27:04Naosuke Ii, who took office in Tairo,
27:07condemned those who opposed the shogunate.
27:11He said,
27:13in order to keep the shogunate strong,
27:17he would punish those who opposed the shogunate.
27:23On the other hand,
27:25the shogunate's thoughts became more and more violent.
27:32The old man should assassinate Manabe Akikatsu.
27:37There was a rumor that Satsuma and Mito were going to kill Ii.
27:42When the rumor spread to the shogunate,
27:46we decided to assassinate Manabe.
27:50Manabe Akikatsu had a strong sense of opposition to the shogunate.
27:56The shogunate also boldly asked the shogun to lend its weapons.
28:03The shogunate was a quiet one at that time.
28:06It was not enough for the shogun.
28:09Why did the shogun ask Satsuma and Mito
28:14to join the shogunate?
28:18By taking extreme actions,
28:20the shogunate was in a state of panic.
28:24The shogunate was in a state of panic.
28:30The shogunate was in a state of panic.
28:33The shogunate was in a state of panic.
28:38Takasugi and Kusaka Genzui, who were in the shogunate,
28:42were opposed to the shogun's request.
28:45They were isolated.
28:49If the shogun assassinated an old beast,
28:53the shogunate itself would be in a state of crisis.
28:58The disciples tried to stop the shogun
29:01who was becoming more and more violent.
29:06However,
29:09I intend to do justice.
29:12You intend to do industry.
29:16You intend to do industry.
29:18You intend to leave some achievements.
29:21That's not good.
29:23It's important to do justice without thinking about the loss.
29:27However, the shogunate did not move.
29:31What happened was that
29:33the shogunate pushed each of them to the limit.
29:37The shogunate pushed each of them to the limit.
29:41The shogunate was in a state of panic.
29:44The shogunate was in a state of panic.
29:47The shogunate was in a state of panic.
29:51The shogunate wrote this in his letter.
29:57I do not want to die.
30:00I do not want to die.
30:03I do not want to die.
30:06I do not want to die.
30:09I do not want to die.
30:12I do not want to die.
30:15I do not want to die.
30:19After this, the shogun was summoned to the shogunate.
30:23After this, the shogun was summoned to the shogunate.
30:26After this, the shogun was summoned to the shogunate.
30:30In April, 1936,
30:32the shogun was summoned to Edo from the shogunate.
30:38He thought that he had found a plan to assassinate the shogun.
30:42In fact, he was a friend of Umeda Unpin,
30:46a former member of the Obama faction.
30:49He was called as a reference.
30:54Not knowing that,
30:56the shogun thought that it was a chance to show his opinion to the shogunate.
31:01Just like in Shigoda,
31:04the shogun was determined to kill the shogun.
31:14On the way to Niso,
31:16the shogun looked back at his hometown and read this song.
31:21I will never return to my hometown.
31:24I will wait for you to cry.
31:29He was determined to never return to his hometown.
31:32He was determined to never return to his hometown.
31:36The shogun's inquiry was different from the shogun's.
31:41The question from the shogun was related to Umeda Unpin.
31:45The shogun did not touch the assassination plan at all.
31:48The shogun, who was in a panic,
31:55started to confess his plan to assassinate the shogun.
32:01It was the moment of the shogun's defeat.
32:05I was so worried that I wanted to kill the shogun.
32:11I wanted the shogun to understand my plan.
32:14I wanted him to correct my plan.
32:18I thought that the shogun would understand if I told him the truth.
32:26The shogun changed his attitude to the confession.
32:32The shogun's plan was to assassinate the shogun.
32:37I thought that I should not miss the chance to kill the shogun.
32:43I thought that I should not miss the chance to kill the shogun.
32:50The shogun was in a panic and said what he had to say.
32:56The shogun was trying to calm down and he was trying to be calm.
33:01But the shogun's reaction was that he was sure of his own death.
33:07He did not know when he would be executed.
33:10He had to tell his thoughts to his disciples.
33:15The shogun hurried to write a will.
33:21Even if I die in the hands of Musashi,
33:24I will be the spirit of Yamato.
33:29Even if I die in the hands of Musashi,
33:32I will be the spirit of Yamato.
33:40The next day, the shogun was given a death sentence.
33:52The shogun said that he was forced to work.
34:00I will sacrifice my life for my country.
34:05This is not against my loyalty to my country.
34:11This is against my loyalty to my country.
34:16This is not against my loyalty to my country.
34:23Shogun Yoshida, 30 years old.
34:27His idealism closed his short life.
34:35He had a very noble spirit.
34:39He was pure like a young boy.
34:42I feel that he had a long life.
34:47For a shogun, a will is like a crystal.
34:51It is the result of purification of one's idealism.
34:56A will is not enough.
34:59You have to prove it with action.
35:02He even planned to assassinate the shogun.
35:06He was aware of it.
35:08No one was guilty of it.
35:11What do you think was going on in his mind?
35:15Jun Ito's point of view.
35:19He got carried away.
35:22That was his point of view.
35:26I think it was a revolutionary action.
35:31Before that, the shogun said that it was important not to deceive the samurai.
35:37He also thought that it was a samurai's duty to be fair.
35:42He thought that he could sacrifice his life to prove his loyalty.
35:47He was determined to do that.
35:51He didn't care about his life or death.
35:55He just said what he had to say.
35:59I think it was a confession based on determination.
36:04Normally, you feel relieved when you feel that your sins are not exposed.
36:10But in this film, he was able to express his feelings.
36:14I think that's a good point.
36:17I thought I was being looked down upon.
36:21I thought I was being looked down upon.
36:24I thought I was not a supporting role.
36:27I was the main character.
36:29I planned to assassinate Akikatsu Manabe to get attention.
36:34It's not always the right thing to do.
36:40Even if you try your best,
36:43there are people you can't understand.
36:46Let's keep that in mind.
36:52In the dark prison, Shoin Yoshida disappeared.
36:56But he left many people behind.
37:00People who followed Shoin's will changed the history of this country.
37:05Let's take a look.
37:07After the death of Shoin,
37:10why did the Choshu group succeed in defection?
37:14My master was an important person.
37:17I think it was unforgivable that he was killed by his father-in-law.
37:25I think that's how the desire to avenge his father-in-law grew.
37:32What was the education of Shoin that was loved by many disciples?
37:41Mr. Kawai, a high school teacher, said that
37:45there were two characteristics of Shoin's education.
37:51First, he saw through the disciples' strengths and taught them.
37:58For example, Ito Hirobumi said,
38:02you're good at connecting people.
38:05I think you'll be a great politician in the future.
38:10He was a great politician.
38:12He was very accurate.
38:15I've been a teacher for 27 years.
38:18It's difficult to teach the students you teach.
38:24And the other one is...
38:26He praised the disciples and said,
38:29you're amazing.
38:31If a great person from the Choshu group appears,
38:34he will definitely appear from Shoka Sonjuku.
38:37If he was told that every day,
38:39he would be proud of himself.
38:41I think Shoin taught the disciples
38:45how to be proud of themselves.
38:51Shoin always used the word, Boku, to describe himself.
38:57He called his disciples, kun, and respected them.
39:01He realized that they respected each other.
39:06This spirit was passed down to Ito Hirobumi and Montei.
39:12Even today, the word kun is used in the rituals.
39:19The seeds left by Shoin
39:21deeply shook the hearts of the Choshu group and their disciples.
39:26Eventually, they became a group called Tobaku.
39:31It was a new era of cultivation called Meiji.
39:42When I was young, I didn't know who I was.
39:46But Shoin told me,
39:48you're amazing.
39:50I was so proud of myself.
39:54I felt like I had a role to play.
39:58It's easy to understand that.
40:02Yes, it is.
40:04It's important to be praised.
40:07As Ms. Kawai said in the video,
40:10it's hard to see through other people's strengths.
40:14Shoin hated being called a teacher.
40:18I hate being called a teacher, too.
40:21Not because I'm humble,
40:23but because I want everyone to think
40:26that I'm a teacher.
40:28But now, with social media,
40:30there's a lot of information.
40:32Some of it is very useful.
40:35Even at home,
40:37I'm taught by someone.
40:39It's the same today.
40:41Everyone except me is my teacher.
40:44I think that's how it is now.
40:48What kind of spirit do you think
40:50Shoin passed down to the disciples?
40:53I think it's important to act as a student.
40:57Shoin wanted to have his own body,
41:00and to be a monk.
41:02What is a monk?
41:04A monk is like a weed.
41:06Everyone in Japan,
41:08who has a low status,
41:10should give up.
41:12Everyone should have their own spirit
41:15and think about the next generation.
41:18That's what he wanted to do.
41:20But Shoin's thoughts,
41:22especially among the disciples,
41:24grew and grew,
41:26and he became a monk.
41:28That's how his spirit was passed down.
41:31The way Yoshida Shoin practiced,
41:34the way he taught,
41:36and the way he perceived himself,
41:38are things that are still applicable today.
41:41Shoin doesn't deny his opponents.
41:44He only looks at the pros and cons.
41:47He doesn't speak in one way
41:49or the other.
41:51He listens to his opponents.
41:53He doesn't lose the ability
41:55to learn from others.
41:57That's true.
41:59It's a way of thinking
42:01that is still important today.
42:03That's exactly right.
42:05Shoin is like a teacher's mirror.
42:08That's right.
42:10After the commercial,
42:12we will learn from Shoin's defeat.
42:16Once again, we will learn from Shoin's defeat
42:19the lessons we need to learn in life.
42:22Yes.
42:23If you follow the teachings,
42:25you will learn the basics.
42:27But I don't want to learn
42:29the lessons that he learned
42:31about the Akikatsu assassination.
42:33I don't want to learn
42:35the lessons that he learned
42:37about the Akikatsu assassination.
42:39I don't want to learn
42:41the lessons that he learned
42:43about the Akikatsu assassination.
42:45I don't want to learn
42:47the lessons that he learned
42:49about the Akikatsu assassination.
42:51I don't want to learn
42:53the lessons that he learned
42:55about the Akikatsu assassination.
42:57I don't want to learn
42:59the lessons that he learned
43:01about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:03I don't want to learn
43:05the lessons that he learned
43:07about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:09I don't want to learn
43:11the lessons that he learned
43:13about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:15I don't want to learn
43:17the lessons that he learned
43:19about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:21I don't want to learn
43:23the lessons that he learned
43:25about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:27I don't want to learn
43:29the lessons that he learned
43:31about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:33I don't want to learn
43:35the lessons that he learned
43:37about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:39I don't want to learn
43:41the lessons that he learned
43:43about the Akikatsu assassination.
43:45By the way,
43:46Sho-in who defeated the Emperor
43:48shouldn't be...
43:50the leader of losing called by the Emperor.
43:53I want to be a man who does
43:55exactly what's what's really necessary
43:57by doing his job.
43:59I want to be a man
44:01who has encountered
44:03a):
44:05good
44:06bad
44:08I think that's a big point, but the future is not visible to those who are at that time.
44:15The situation of the Bakugan is visible like a sword, isn't it?
44:19I think it can't be helped that Shouin thought that by throwing a life away,
44:22various people would rise up, fight back, and build a new life.
44:35If you look back later, you can think of various possibilities,
44:39but if you think about the feelings of those people at that time,
44:42I think that's the only way.
44:47Mr. Ito, thank you very much for today.
44:49Thank you very much.
44:51Lessons from the Defeat of Ijin.
44:53See you next time.