MEDI1TV Afrique : MEDI1 SOIR 20:00 - 19/11/2024
Category
🗞
NewsTranscription
00:00Good evening and welcome to this new JT, here are the titles.
00:20His Royal Highness, Princess Leila Meriem, President of the National Observatory of
00:25Children's Rights, presided today in Rabat the celebration ceremony of the 25th
00:29anniversary of the Parliament of the Child.
00:34The industrial policy initiated by His Majesty the King Mohammed VI has strengthened the
00:39place of Morocco as an industrial destination competitive, par excellence
00:44on the world chessboard. This is what affirmed today the head of the
00:47government, Aziz Akhendouche, in the Chamber of Advisers.
00:53Amos Hochstein, Special American Ambassador, is visiting Lebanon to lead
00:58negotiations on a truce in the Middle East.
01:04And in Morocco, His Royal Highness, Princess Leila Meriem, President of the
01:09National Observatory of Children's Rights, presided this Tuesday the
01:13celebration ceremony of the 25th anniversary of the Parliament of the Child.
01:18More details in this story of Cheyme Fikri.
01:23It is a grand ceremony, on the occasion of the celebration of a quarter
01:28of a century of existence of the Parliament of the Child, a ceremony
01:32presided by His Royal Highness Princess Leila Meriem. And to mark this
01:36anniversary, institutional films retracing the 25 years of action of this
01:41institution have been projected. Princess Leila Meriem has thus followed
01:45several testimonies and parcours of former young parliamentarians. These films
01:50also highlight the dynamics and perspectives of the club of the former
01:54parliamentarians of the Parliament of the Child in order to strengthen the values of
01:57citizenship and solidarity.
02:01As a former parliamentarian child and currently a member of the government,
02:05I am proud that this institution, which celebrates its 25th anniversary today,
02:08under the high patronage and the effective presidency of His Royal Highness,
02:12Princess Leila Meriem, has carried out great projects in the fields of
02:15rights and child support.
02:19The princess then proceeded to the awarding of the Prix Voix d'Avenir,
02:23Citizen's Heart and Young Changemakers to the children of the three best projects
02:27presented at the end of the bootcamp. Two Prix Coup de Coeur, Voix de la Liberté
02:31and Brillé sans Limite have also been awarded to two parliamentarians whose
02:35projects are distinguished by their originality.
02:43We have won the Citizen's Heart Prize today. This experience is special
02:47because as children we always have imagination.
02:51Thanks to the Parliament of the Child and the bootcamp, we were able to make the
02:55voice of several children heard. Our goals are now a reality.
02:59Our idea was to set up a platform of guidance, a subject that affects all children.
03:07Princess Leila Meriem then presided over the signing ceremony of three bilateral conventions.
03:11The first is about the support of parliamentary children
03:15in their professional projects.
03:19The second convention is about strengthening cooperation and coordination
03:23to support the activities of the Parliament of the Child.
03:27As for the third document, it establishes a collaboration for the sharing of
03:31means and skills in order to ensure the success of African vocational projects
03:35in the field of observatory activities and the field of intervention
03:39of the Moroccan Agency for International Cooperation.
03:45During the monthly session of oral questions on the government's general policy
03:49in the Chamber of Councilors, the head of the government, Assis Akhnouch,
03:53claimed that His Majesty the King Mohammed VI has initiated since his accession
03:57to the throne a series of successful strategies that have comforted
04:01the place of Morocco as a competitive industrial destination,
04:05par excellence allowing to reposition the kingdom on the world stage.
04:09Today's session was focused on the national policy of industrialization,
04:13the opportunity for the head of the government to cite several key initiatives,
04:17including the Emergency Plan launched in 2005,
04:21the National Pact for Industrial Emergencies in 2009,
04:25the Industrial Acceleration Plan 2014-2020, as well as the Investment Chart 2022.
04:29These ambitious strategies have been adapted to strategic infrastructure projects
04:33such as the port in Jemed, today ranked first container port
04:37in the Mediterranean and Africa, and fourth in the world in terms of efficiency.
04:41The head of the government also indicated that the kingdom has mobilized
04:45more than 13,600 hectares of industrial land and created 150 industrial zones.
04:55And to talk about it, we have the pleasure of joining live in Casablanca,
04:59Abdel Latif Komet. He is the dean of the Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences
05:03of Casablanca. Abdel Latif Komet, good evening and thank you very much
05:07for accepting our invitation. My very first question is why
05:11the industrialization of the national economy becomes an imperative
05:15for the development of the kingdom?
05:19In fact, industrialization becomes an imperative because Morocco,
05:23precisely, aspires more than ever, in fact, to emergence and development.
05:27And history has shown that a country cannot, precisely,
05:31be truly emerging and developed without the industry
05:35being able to occupy a rank at the level of the productive structure.
05:39Of course, on that level, Morocco, since the enthronement of His Majesty,
05:43is making great strides. And then, you mentioned it,
05:47there have been, in fact, a series of plans for the acceleration
05:51of industrial emergence that have given proving results.
05:55Today, we know, in fact, the situation of industries,
05:59which we call, in fact, the world trade of Morocco,
06:03aeronautics, automobiles, the electric and electronic industry,
06:07but also today other industries related to all that is sustainable development,
06:11renewable energies. And, of course, this trend is still called
06:15to develop. We remember, of course, the orientations of His Majesty
06:19during the National Industry Day in March 2023.
06:23He called to make, precisely, an industry as a development lever,
06:27as a growth lever, but also while remaining open to the international world,
06:31by developing an import substitution industry
06:35and also by moving towards more clean industries.
06:39It is a whole strategy today that is starting to take place
06:43and to make Morocco, I would say, one of the countries on several indicators,
06:47the most industrialized, especially at the continental level.
06:52As we said, there are these plans and strategies that are already in place
06:56and effective. What could be the other policies and strategies
07:00to be adopted so that public authorities, in terms of incentives,
07:04can therefore attract more investment in the industrial sector?
07:11In fact, Morocco already has an arsenal, I would say, of measures
07:15that are in place. In fact, more operations would be needed.
07:19And here, of course, I am referring to the investment chart.
07:21You remember, three years ago, Morocco put in place a new investment chart
07:26in which the industrial sector is a priority on a strategic level.
07:30You know that the chart provides a series of advantages
07:34according to the nature and territorialization of investment.
07:38And the industry has a privileged place in terms of incentives
07:42awarded to investment, whether national or international.
07:47Of course, there are other measures.
07:50You mentioned the industrial areas.
07:53The head of government mentioned more than 150 industrial areas.
07:57We know the question of the fund, because indeed,
08:00to develop the industry, there would have to be areas
08:04that should be equipped, that should be connected,
08:08according to modern standards. And there, Morocco also places
08:12the implementation of industrial areas as a priority
08:16to prepare the land for investment.
08:18And here I am referring to the territorial dimension,
08:21because it is not just about industrialization,
08:24but it is about making the industry a lever
08:27to reduce territorial imbalances.
08:30You know that Morocco aspires to a development, I would say,
08:34that is fair on a social level, on a territorial level.
08:37And the industry should be one of the levers to allow certain regions
08:41to develop, to catch up with the delay.
08:44There is also the third incentive measure.
08:47It is all about modernization of the procedures,
08:50I would say, of the business climate.
08:53There is also a plan that is underway in 2023-2026.
08:56Morocco has already scored points, especially in terms of doing business.
08:59Morocco is practically among the 50 first countries today
09:03in terms of procedures, I would say, of the business climate.
09:06But in fact, it does not stop at that level.
09:09There is also, I would say, a national plan.
09:12The government aspires to further simplify the procedures,
09:16to further prepare a framework more conducive to investment,
09:19in particular and in a general and industrial way,
09:22in a particular way.
09:25So, precisely in terms of industry, the substitution of products,
09:28you said it earlier at the beginning of this interview,
09:31the substitution of products imported by other manufacturers locally.
09:35This is a strategy that has been developed precisely in the middle of the pandemic.
09:40There was an identification, so there is a list of products
09:43that could be manufactured in the Maroc.
09:46How do you assess the performance of this initiative?
09:51In fact, this initiative has taken on the scale that you said
09:54on the occasion of the COVID crisis,
09:57where we have, in fact, at the international level,
10:00prioritized everything that is, in fact, economic sovereignty
10:03and industrial sovereignty.
10:05And here, of course, we remember, in particular,
10:08the messages and royal orientations.
10:11His Majesty had called for food sovereignty,
10:14energy sovereignty, as well as industrial sovereignty.
10:17And so Morocco, in this context, has developed a plan.
10:20A plan that had put in place, in fact, a project bank,
10:24which had practically more than 1,200 projects,
10:27which had to substitute more than 68 billion dirhams of import,
10:33but also create an export base.
10:36So, by substituting, by developing an import substitution industry,
10:40we are preparing this industry for export.
10:43And the goal was to double, and of course to reduce imports,
10:47but also to plan practically 70 billion additional industrial exports.
10:52So, on that level, of course, things are moving forward.
10:56It is moving forward, in fact, without Morocco being a country
11:00locked up in itself.
11:01And that is, I would say, the particularity of the Moroccan model,
11:04it is that at the same time we are developing a national industry,
11:07we are trying to substitute imports as much as possible
11:11through national production,
11:13while remaining faced, precisely, with international competition.
11:17You know that Morocco is one of the countries
11:19that has the most free trade agreements.
11:22And indeed, this cohabitation between the substitution of imports
11:27and the promotion of exports is one of the originalities, in fact,
11:31of the current model, in fact, of the Moroccan industrial model,
11:35under the aegis of His Majesty.
11:36Because we must remember, historically in Morocco,
11:38we had either opted for the substitution of imports,
11:42or for the promotion of exports.
11:44Today, we combine the two.
11:45At the same time, we are trying to substitute imports,
11:48but also to make this substitution a lever of export.
11:52And on that level, of course, we are on the road,
11:55but in fact, a number of projects have been carried out.
11:59Also, partnerships have been signed
12:01between the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
12:03and a number of groups
12:05to stimulate them on the financial level,
12:08on the fiscal level,
12:09so that they can be involved in a structured way
12:12in this momentum.
12:13And I believe that the future will tell us
12:15that it is certainly a salutary path
12:17for our industry, for our economy.
12:20So, Mr. Komet, you said it,
12:21there is all the arsenal for industrialization
12:25of our economy
12:27in order to improve our industrial productivity.
12:31Don't you think we should open up a little more
12:34or even more on international competition?
12:40In fact, we already are.
12:41I said it earlier, Morocco is a country
12:43that has more than fifty
12:46partners in the framework of free trade agreements.
12:49You know there are the United States,
12:50there is Turkey,
12:51there are the European Union countries,
12:53the Arab countries, etc.
12:56with whom we have free trade agreements.
12:58So, the opening up on international competition is there
13:01and this is what allows Morocco
13:03to develop its productivity.
13:05Because it is true that at some point
13:07we had an overprotected economy.
13:09We believed that protection,
13:11the excess of protection,
13:12would allow us to develop a national industry.
13:15This was not the case.
13:18This is why today,
13:20as I said earlier,
13:21while remaining open on international competition,
13:24while being confronted
13:26with international competition,
13:29we must remember that
13:30the objectives of the new development model
13:32are to double GDP,
13:34to increase industrial added value by more than 70%
13:40and to develop industries
13:42with more technological content.
13:44So, we have performance ambitions.
13:46It's not just about developing industry for industry,
13:49but it's about developing a top-notch industry,
13:52an added value industry,
13:54a high-tech industry.
13:56So, we can't do that
13:57without a confrontation
13:59with international standards.
14:01But at the same time, of course,
14:03we must arm our industry with means,
14:05particularly on a technological level,
14:07but also on a human level.
14:08And this is why the dimension of training,
14:10the dimension of innovation,
14:12the dimension of research and development
14:14are very important levers
14:16that are considered today
14:18as a national priority.
14:19And His Majesty never ceases to say so.
14:21Human capital is the wealth of our country.
14:24And of course, it is a trained human capital.
14:27We have concrete examples today
14:29with everything that is done in the field of automobiles.
14:32We have specialized institutes.
14:34We have highly qualified engineers
14:35in the field of aeronautics,
14:37in the field of electronics.
14:38And precisely, this human capital today
14:40is not only a development of the national industry,
14:43but today it is taken on an international level.
14:45We have Moroccan engineers
14:46who today make the joy
14:47of large international structures.
14:49And so, this is why the industry,
14:51certainly in our country,
14:53has good days ahead of it.
14:54It is, of course, about reuniting
14:56and, I would say,
14:58about mutually activating,
15:00because it is a project
15:02in which there are several dimensions
15:04and each dimension must play its role.
15:08Abdel Latif Komet,
15:09Dean of the Faculty of Economic,
15:11Juridical and Social Sciences.
15:12Thank you very much, Casablanca.
15:15Merci beaucoup d'avoir accepté notre invitation
15:17et merci pour tous ces éclairages.
15:19Vous étiez donc en direct avec nous depuis Casablanca.
15:27Et on ouvre la page internationale
15:29et direction le Liban
15:30où l'émissaire spécial du président américain
15:32Amos Hochstein,
15:34en visite à Beyrouth,
15:35a estimé qu'il existait actuellement
15:37une réelle opportunité
15:38pour mettre fin à la guerre ouverte
15:40depuis près de deux mois
15:42entre Israël et le Hezbollah.
15:44En fin de compte,
15:45ce sont les partis qui doivent décider
15:47de mettre un terme à ce conflit,
15:48a ajouté l'émissaire américain
15:50après sa rencontre
15:51avec le président du Parlement,
15:52Nabi Berri,
15:54allié du Hezbollah
15:55et chargé de mener les négociations
15:57sur cette trêve.
16:02Dès son arrivée à Beyrouth,
16:04l'émissaire spécial du président américain
16:06Amos Hochstein
16:08mène des négociations cruciales
16:09avec des responsables libanais
16:11sur une proposition américaine.
16:13Celle-ci vise à mettre fin à la guerre
16:15entre Israël et le Hezbollah.
16:17Cette proposition a d'ailleurs été accueillie
16:19très favorablement par le Liban.
16:21Mais jusqu'ici,
16:22tous les efforts internationaux
16:24en vue d'une trêve ont échoué.
16:32Il doit y avoir des solutions rapidement
16:34si Dieu le veut,
16:35un cessez-le-feu
16:36et les gens retourneront vivre
16:37dans la paix et la tranquillité.
16:39Nous sommes fatigués de cette situation,
16:41d'autant plus qu'à l'approche de l'hiver,
16:43les choses seront difficiles pour nous.
16:45Nous espérons que la paix prévaudra
16:47sur l'ensemble du Liban
16:48et que nous recommencerons
16:49à vivre ensemble,
16:50sans aucune distinction entre les religions.
16:52C'est ce que tout être humain
16:53espère certainement.
16:56Lundi, le porte-parole
16:57du département d'État Matthew Miller
16:59a confirmé que les États-Unis
17:01avaient partagé des propositions
17:03à la fois avec le gouvernement libanais
17:05et le gouvernement israélien.
17:06Miller a expliqué qu'il y a eu
17:08un échange d'idées
17:09sur la façon de mettre en œuvre
17:11dans son intégralité
17:12la résolution 17-01
17:14du Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU
17:16que les États-Unis estiment
17:17être dans l'intérêt de tous.
17:19Cette résolution qui prévoit
17:20la cessation des hostilités
17:22des deux côtés
17:23avait permis de mettre fin
17:24à la précédente guerre
17:25entre Israël et le Hezbollah
17:27en 2006.
17:29De son côté,
17:30le premier ministre israélien
17:31Benjamin Netanyahou
17:32a averti qu'Israël
17:33mènerait des opérations militaires
17:35contre le Hezbollah,
17:36même en cas d'accord
17:37de cesser le feu au Liban.
17:41Nous parlons actuellement
17:42de négociations
17:43pour un cesser le feu au Liban
17:45et d'arrangements possibles
17:46menés par les Américains.
17:48Cela ne se fait que sous le feu.
17:50Cela se fait avec beaucoup de feu.
17:54Israël dit vouloir éloigner
17:55le Hezbollah des régions frontalières
17:57du sud du Liban.
17:59Objectif,
18:00assurer le retour chez eux
18:01des quelques 60 000 habitants
18:03du nord d'Israël
18:04déplacés par les tirs du Hezbollah.
18:06Au Liban,
18:07des dizaines de milliers d'habitants
18:09ont été également déplacés.
18:13La Russie a promis mardi
18:15une réponse appropriée
18:16à l'attaque sur son territoire
18:18menée par Kiev
18:19avec des missiles américains
18:20de longue portée.
18:21Moscou estime que le conflit
18:23basculait dans une nouvelle phase
18:25et annonce que les possibilités
18:27de recours à l'arme nucléaire
18:28étaient ainsi élargies.
18:30Au millième jour
18:31de l'invasion de l'Ukraine,
18:32le chef de la diplomatie russe
18:33Sergei Lavrov a accusé les Américains
18:35d'avoir aidé l'armée ukrainienne
18:37dans ses frappes
18:38sur la région frontalière russe
18:40de Bryansk.
18:41Elles sont intervenues
18:42après le feu vert de Washington
18:43à Kiev dimanche
18:45pour tirer sur le sol russe
18:46avec ces missiles de longue portée,
18:48ce que le Kremlin avait présenté
18:50comme une ligne rouge.
18:51Le président russe
18:52ne s'est pas encore exprimé publiquement
18:54sur l'attaque ukrainienne
18:55de mardi matin
18:56qui, selon Moscou,
18:57a visé des installations militaires.
19:04Et ce mardi,
19:06le Kremlin a estimé
19:07que l'élargissement
19:08des possibilités de recours
19:09à l'arme nucléaire
19:10était une réponse nécessaire
19:12à ce que Vladimir Poutine considère
19:14comme étant des menaces
19:16émanant de l'Occident
19:18contre la sécurité de la Russie.
19:20Il était nécessaire
19:21d'adapter nos fondements
19:22à la situation actuelle,
19:23à justifier le porte-parole
19:24de la présidence russe,
19:26Dmitry Peskov.
19:34À Rio,
19:35le président américain Joe Biden
19:37a annoncé lundi
19:38une contribution historique
19:40de 4 milliards de dollars
19:41des États-Unis
19:42à un fonds de la Banque mondiale
19:44qui soutient
19:45les pays les plus pauvres
19:46avant le retour au pouvoir
19:47de Donald Trump,
19:48déterminé à sabrer
19:50les dépenses publiques.
19:51Le président américain,
19:52sortant,
19:53a promis cette somme
19:54à l'Association internationale
19:55de développement
19:56au premier jour
19:57du sommet du G20 à Rio
19:59de Janeiro,
20:00sa dernière réunion
20:01avec les principaux dirigeants
20:03de la planète
20:04avant de quitter
20:05la Maison-Blanche
20:06en janvier.
20:07Le président américain
20:08effectue une tournée
20:09en Amérique latine
20:10au cours de laquelle
20:11il espère mettre en valeur
20:12son bilan international.
20:13Il a été dimanche
20:14le premier président américain
20:16à se rendre en Amazonie
20:17où il a défendu
20:18ses politiques environnementales.
20:25Et à Bakou,
20:26une déclaration sur la réduction
20:27du méthane
20:28provenant des déchets organiques
20:29a été lancée
20:30lors de la COP 29.
20:31Cette déclaration engage
20:32les pays à créer
20:33des objectifs sectoriels
20:35sur les déchets alimentaires
20:37et ce,
20:38dans le cadre
20:39de leur future
20:40contribution déterminée nationale,
20:42a indiqué le négociateur
20:43en chef de la COP,
20:44Yelchin Refiev,
20:46lors d'une conférence
20:47de presse organisée
20:48par la présidence
20:49de cette 29e session.
20:51Pour l'heure,
20:52plus de 30 pays
20:53représentant près de 50%
20:54des émissions mondiales
20:55de méthane
20:56provenant des déchets organiques
20:57ont approuvé la déclaration.
21:02Oussama Beissi est responsable
21:04biomasse et agri-technologique
21:06au sein de l'IRSEN.
21:08Il fait partie
21:09de la délégation marocaine à Bakou.
21:11Il revient sur le rôle
21:12de l'Institut de recherche
21:13en énergie solaire
21:14et énergie nouvelle
21:15pour raccompagner le Royaume
21:17à atteindre ses objectifs
21:19et lutter contre
21:20le réchauffement climatique.
21:21Je vous propose
21:22de l'écouter.
21:23Cette COP aussi était,
21:25si vous me permettez,
21:27je vais aussi me faire
21:30un petit lien
21:32en termes de participation
21:34de l'IRSEN,
21:35l'Institut de recherche
21:36en énergie solaire
21:37et en énergie nouvelle,
21:39qui est en partie
21:40de la délégation marocaine
21:41au niveau de la COP.
21:42Alors normalement,
21:43l'IRSEN,
21:44comme étant un acteur clé
21:46dans la recherche
21:47et le développement
21:48et l'innovation au Maroc,
21:49qui reste comme
21:51une étape clé
21:53afin d'aboutir
21:54toutes les technologies
21:55qui vont permettre
21:57d'atténuer
21:58et faire face
21:59au changement climatique,
22:00a pu participer
22:02à cette COP
22:03en organisant
22:04deux side events.
22:06Le premier,
22:07c'était sur la question
22:08des mécanismes de financement.
22:10Comment on peut
22:11atteindre des mécanismes
22:12de financement
22:13qui sont clairs
22:14et justes
22:15au niveau de la région
22:16Moyen-Orient
22:17et Afrique du Nord
22:18pour accélérer
22:19les objectifs
22:20des changements climatiques.
22:22Et un deuxième side event
22:23qui était
22:24dans l'objectif
22:25était comment
22:27on peut développer
22:29les technologies
22:30de capture carbone
22:31puisque le dioxyde de carbone
22:33c'est le premier antagoniste
22:36dans cette grande bataille
22:38du changement climatique.
22:40Comment utiliser
22:41cette molécule de carbone
22:42afin de synthétiser
22:44des carburants
22:45synthétiques,
22:46durables
22:47et amis
22:48de l'environnement.
22:49Pourquoi cette question
22:50des carburants synthétiques ?
22:51Parce que,
22:52comme je rappelle,
22:54parmi les choses
22:55qui ont été conçues
22:57au niveau de la COP28
22:58à Dubé
22:59aux Émirats,
23:00c'est ce qu'on appelle
23:01le phase-out
23:02des combustibles fossiles.
23:04Donc on a eu
23:05cette audace
23:06de mentionner
23:07qu'il va y avoir
23:08une étape de phase-out.
23:10Donc on doit commencer
23:11à réfléchir
23:12à des combustibles
23:13alternatifs.
23:14Et donc ici,
23:15nous avons discuté
23:16avec différents
23:17participants
23:18du secteur privé,
23:20du secteur de financement
23:21et même du secteur
23:22de la recherche
23:23et développement
23:24comment on peut
23:25développer
23:26ces technologies,
23:27comment on peut
23:28les mettre
23:29en vigueur,
23:30comment on peut
23:31les développer
23:32le plus tôt possible
23:33afin de
23:34mettre
23:35en place
23:36des carburants
23:37qui sont
23:38compétitifs
23:39de point de vue
23:40économique
23:41et qui sont performants
23:42de point de vue
23:43technique
23:44et même environnemental.
23:45Et au Maroc,
23:46cette alerte météo
23:47puisque des averses
23:48orageuses
23:49localement fortes
23:50avec rafale de vent
23:51sont prévues
23:52ce mardi
23:53comme a annoncé
23:54la direction générale
23:55de la météorologie.
23:56Ces averses
23:57de 15 à 25 minutes
23:58sont prévues
23:59donc de minuit
24:00à 9h
24:01dans les provinces
24:02de Sghirat,
24:03Tmarach,
24:04Miseth, Rabat,
24:05Saleh,
24:06Mediouna,
24:07Ben Slimane,
24:08Ouassar,
24:09Mohamedia,
24:10Brchid
24:11ou encore
24:12Casablanca.
24:18Et c'est avec
24:19une profonde tristesse
24:20que nous avons appris
24:21le décès
24:22de notre confrère
24:23Hippolyte Dier.
24:24Elle est survenue
24:25dans la nuit d'hier
24:26en Côte d'Ivoire.
24:27Hippolyte Dier
24:28faisait partie
24:29de l'équipe du bureau
24:30de Median TV
24:31Africa Abidjan.
24:32Toute l'équipe de la chaîne
24:33se joint à nous
24:34pour lui rendre hommage
24:35et à son travail
24:36accompli
24:37nous transmettant
24:38à toute l'équipe
24:39du bureau d'Abidjan
24:40ainsi qu'à sa famille
24:41nos très sincères condoléances.
24:47Et c'est la fin
24:48de ce journal.
24:49Le retour de l'information
24:50dans quelques instants.
24:52Sous-titres réalisés para la communauté d'Amara.org