MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 30/01/2025
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00:00We are still together on MEDIEN-TV. Thank you for remaining faithful to us. Here are the
00:20titles of your newspaper.
00:22New exchange in the framework of the truce in Gaza. Three Israeli hostages were released
00:27this morning, notably in Khan Younes and Jabalia, two symbolic cities. Israel will have to
00:36release 110 Palestinian prisoners this afternoon.
00:44It was night in the United States when a civilian plane and a military helicopter collided
00:49over Washington before crashing into the Potomac River. At least 18 bodies were found, 67
00:56people were aboard the two aircrafts.
01:01The news on our continent is marked by the situation in the east of the RDC. The M23, supported
01:08by Rwanda, continues its advance on Goma and wants to take full control of this city, out of
01:15question for the Congolese president who addressed the nation yesterday. We are talking about it
01:20in the east.
01:22The fragile Syrian truce between Hamas and Israel continues. It allowed this morning the
01:29release of three Israeli hostages, including a soldier in Jabalia, north of the Gaza Strip.
01:37In total, eight will be released by Hamas in exchange for 110 Palestinians detained by Israel.
01:45This is the third exchange of prisoners since the arrival in force of the truce. A fourth is
01:51planned this Saturday with the release of three hostages.
02:00In the United States, it was night, the water was cold and turbulent. It is in these conditions,
02:05very difficult, that divers have conducted research to try to find survivors after the
02:13collision between a civilian plane and a military helicopter that crashed in the Potomac
02:19River. Several bodies have been recovered, at least 18. 64 people were on board the plane.
02:27In the army helicopter, there were three soldiers. May God bless them to react to Donald Trump
02:33for the American president. This drama could have been avoided.
02:38I will tell you in the headlines. The news on our continent is marked by the situation
02:45in the east of the RDC. The M23, supported by Rwanda, continues its advance on Goma and
02:52wants to take control of this city at any cost. Out of the question for the Congolese president
02:58who addressed the nation yesterday. Félix Issékédi promised not to leave any land
03:05to the M23 and its supporters. He also condemned the silence and inaction of the international
03:11community in the face of, I quote, the barbarism of the Kigali regime, having declined an invitation
03:18to a virtual meeting of the community of the states of East Africa convened by the Kenyan.
03:24Félix Issékédi preferred to go to Rwanda, where the Congolese president, João Lourenço,
03:30called the Rwandan forces to withdraw from the RDC. Let's listen together to this excerpt
03:36of the speech of Félix Issékédi.
03:41A vigorous and coordinated response against these terrorists and their sponsors is underway.
03:48Our valiant armed forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo, symbol of courage and patriotism,
03:55are fully mobilized, ready to defend every inch of our territory.
04:02Rwanda continues to openly violate and unscrupulously violate the fundamental principles of the UN Charter
04:09as well as regional agreements. Worse, these actions are carried out in total impunity
04:17and with a contempt for the international rules and values that these institutions are supposed to defend.
04:25This arrogant attitude, which no longer even seeks to hide its misdeeds,
04:30is an unacceptable provocation towards our sovereignty and regional stability.
04:37What makes the M23 group so special? Why does it want to take over Goma?
04:42How does it finance its operations? The answer to this story in Benin.
04:47Since 2021, the M23 has gradually taken control of major ports in the North Kivu of Congo,
04:56in the territories of Nyiragongo, Massissi, Rutsuru and Louberou,
05:01in the strategic locations of Bunagana in 2022, Kanyabayonga in 2024 and the strategic city of Goma very recently.
05:10But who is the M23 and why is it in conflict with the RDC?
05:15Analysts say that the M23 has been interested since its creation in mineral resources of the region,
05:21an area rich in minerals such as gold, cobalt, diamond, coltan, tin and tin-stein,
05:28essential for the world's technological and manufacturing industries.
05:32The control of these resources allows the M23 to finance its military activities,
05:37to extend its influence and to strengthen its power in a context of conflict and regional instability.
05:44But historically speaking, the M23 has much more than economic ambitions.
05:49From a former rebel group, the CNDP, National Congress for the Defense of the People,
05:54the latter is composed mainly of Tutsi Congolese,
05:58fighting since its creation in 2006 to protect its community against hostile armed groups.
06:04In 2009, the CNDP was integrated into the Congolese army following a fragile peace agreement.
06:11In 2012, several influential soldiers left the CNDP and formed the M23,
06:16in reference to March 23, 2009, a symbolic date of the peace agreement.
06:21In 2013, the M23 suffered a decisive defeat against the Congolese forces supported by the United Nations.
06:27This led to a temporary disappearance of the rebel group.
06:31Since the end of 2021, it is the return in force of the M23,
06:35which has since intensified its attacks, taking control of several territories in the province of North Kivu.
06:41At the end of January 2025, the M23 controls Goma, the capital of North Kivu.
06:47The rebel group also takes the city airport,
06:50an essential strategic position for logistics and mobility.
06:54That said, peace efforts, especially under the aegis of the East African Community
06:59and the mission of the United Nations in RDC, struggle to stabilize the region.
07:03In addition, the RDC accuses Rwanda of supporting the M23,
07:07an accusation supported by UN expert reports, which, for its part, denies any direct involvement.
07:14In 20 years, 7.2 million people have been displaced in the country,
07:18according to figures published in April 2024 by the International Organization for Migration.
07:24Between 1998 and 2003, the IRC, the International Rescue Committee,
07:30estimated that 5.4 million people had been killed at that time.
07:37He says he wants to preserve civil peace and build state institutions.
07:42The FACTO leader of Syria, Ahmad al-Shareh, has been appointed president by the new authorities,
07:49who have also announced the dissolution of the former parliament and the freezing of the constitution of 2012.
07:56These new authorities are starting a delicate phase of transition towards democracy.
08:01Ahmad al-Shareh is in charge of forming a legislative council for the transition period,
08:07whose duration has not been specified.
08:15In Morocco, the 7th National Investment Commission approved 20 investment projects
08:21for a total amount of 17.3 billion dirhams.
08:25Projects that should allow the creation of 27,000 jobs.
08:29The approved agreements concern 14 provinces and prefectures,
08:33but also 7 sectors of activity, including tourism, renewable energies, agri-food,
08:39the automotive industry, packaging, lighting and outsourcing.
08:46To know a little more, let's listen to Karim Zidan, Deputy Minister in charge of Investment,
08:51Convergence and Evaluation of Public Policies.
09:00These projects fall into two categories.
09:03The first benefits the basic support system, worth 4.3 billion dirhams for some 5,500 jobs,
09:12while the second benefits the strategic support system, worth 13 billion dirhams,
09:19to create 21,500 jobs covering 14 provinces and prefectures in this region.
09:27These investments will concern several sectors, such as industry, tourism or energy transformation.
09:35This exponential investment dynamic shows how Morocco is an attractive country.
09:41Morocco continues to make intense efforts to attract investors
09:46and promote the business climate in a spirit of consolidation of its influence in the field.
09:58Artificial intelligence is in full evolution,
10:01and a new star has recently entered this already well-lit sky.
10:06I'm talking about DeepSea, this Chinese chatbot
10:08that shakes American tech.
10:10Donald Trump himself is a fan of this cost-effective AI model.
10:17In a context of intense competition in the field of artificial intelligence,
10:21the rapid rise of Chinese company DeepSea raises concerns in the United States.
10:26US President Donald Trump considered that the AI model developed by DeepSea
10:31was a warning for American companies.
10:35China and...
10:36I was recently reading articles about China and more precisely about Chinese companies.
10:41A company particularly caught my attention.
10:44Its technology is faster and costs a lot less.
10:48And I think it's a good thing.
10:50I hope that the launch of DeepSea's artificial intelligence by a Chinese company
10:55will be a warning for our industrialists
10:57and will remind them to stay very focused on competition to win.
11:04Donald Trump has also called on American companies
11:07to question their fraudulent investments,
11:10especially in NVIDIA's high-end chips.
11:12DeepSea, which released a new AI generative model last week,
11:16considered as efficient as its American competitors.
11:19The startup ensures that its launch cost it only $5.6 million,
11:24compared to the billions spent by OpenAI, Microsoft, Google and other companies in the sector.
11:32I think that AI will continue...
11:34Artificial intelligence is one of the most important revolutions of our time.
11:37It's one of the most interesting things we're experimenting with.
11:40And DeepSea is part of those interesting experiments.
11:45At the beginning of the week,
11:46a few billion dollars of global stock market capitalization
11:50evaporated with a dizzying drop of nearly 20% for NVIDIA,
11:55the world leader in semiconductors and graphics cards,
11:58essential for the development of artificial intelligence.
12:01Observers believe that the American president should take other measures
12:06to maintain his dominance in the field of AI
12:09rather than impose restrictions on the export of advanced chips to China.
12:16What strategies can strengthen the Ivorian economy
12:19and support growth in the years to come?
12:22The Ivorian Minister of Economy and Development
12:25will try to answer this question in the government's meeting.
12:29Mel Berchel, Ange-Wilfried Magnin and Yakubu Maseni.
12:35The Ivorian economic policy is based on a strategic vision
12:38focused on sustainable growth and structural transformation.
12:42For several years,
12:43reforms have been committed to improve the business environment
12:46and promote investment.
12:48The Minister of Economy, Planning and Development
12:52has outlined a state of the reforms in place
12:54and the challenges that the government must face.
12:57The Ivorian economy is showing resilience
13:00despite a difficult international context.
13:03The GDP growth rate,
13:07GDP,
13:09was established on average at 8% between 2012 and 2019,
13:15to 7% in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic,
13:20before bouncing back to 6.5% in 2021-2024.
13:30If government reforms have enabled certain indicators to stabilize,
13:34the future rests on a more inclusive strategy.
13:37Supporting small and medium-sized businesses
13:39constitutes a key lever of economic development.
13:42We need more innovation,
13:45modernization of the productive apparatus,
13:48especially in the agricultural sector,
13:51which is the largest employer in our country.
13:54There is also a challenge.
13:56Côte d'Ivoire has a lot of SMEs,
13:58a fairly dense SME fabric.
14:02It is important to improve the managerial capacity of its leaders
14:07to increase their migration to major national championships.
14:12In the big challenges,
14:14it is about women's autonomy.
14:17This is our fight.
14:20We are waiting for funding,
14:22coaching,
14:23because we help these women to better structure themselves
14:26to better integrate into the country's economy.
14:29We need the support of the Minister of Economy.
14:32While Côte d'Ivoire pursues its ambition to become an emerging economy,
14:36reforms will have to adapt to global challenges
14:39and to the requirements of inclusive development.
14:42A challenge that the government sees as relevant,
14:45with innovative strategies
14:47and a constant commitment to the country's economic actors.
14:51We immediately place the guest of the big news of the day.
14:55We continue to talk about the situation in RDC
14:58with Zakaria Abou-Dahab,
15:00Professor of International Relations and Political Science
15:03at the University of Mohamed V in Rabat.
15:05Zakaria Abou-Dahab, hello,
15:07and thank you for accepting our invitation.
15:12Hello, dear Guillaume.
15:14Thank you, it's a pleasure.
15:16Faced with the outstanding progress of the M23,
15:19supported by Rwanda,
15:21the Congolese President Félix Tshisekedi
15:23took the floor yesterday.
15:25He called on the Congolese Armed Forces
15:28to continue and emphasize the response.
15:31He also condemned the silence,
15:33I quote, of the international community
15:35in the face of the barbarism of Kigali.
15:37What analysis do you make
15:39of the speech of the Congolese President?
15:45It is quite normal
15:47for a president to be able to defend,
15:49as he said,
15:51one centimeter of his territory.
15:53Recalling that the Congo,
15:55the Democratic Republic of Congo,
15:57is the second country in terms of larger area
16:00at the level of the African continent.
16:02After Algeria, it is also a country
16:04that is densely, on a demographic level,
16:06quite important, I think, after Nigeria.
16:08And in particular, it is the capital
16:10of 17 million citizens.
16:15And so, we can imagine
16:17the concern of Mr. Tshisekedi
16:19as president, first of all,
16:21in relation to his criticisms
16:23addressed to the international community,
16:25especially the Security Council,
16:27which has not even, I would say,
16:29in relation to the criticism
16:31made by the president
16:33of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
16:35And, Mr. Diouf, it is important
16:37for the dear viewers
16:39that Kinshasa is located
16:41thousands of kilometers
16:43from the east of the Congo.
16:45Akivu in particular, which is the disputed region,
16:47the north and the south,
16:49with Alaa who is only next to it,
16:51Mitoyan between Rwanda
16:53and the Democratic Republic of Congo,
16:55because it is very important, first of all,
16:57in relation to the geographic situation.
16:59And so, it goes without saying.
17:01Secondly, I think it is his right,
17:03and in particular in relation to
17:05a statement made on the level
17:07of the relevant Security Council
17:09of the African Union, unanimously,
17:11which has called its members
17:13in respect of the territorial integrity
17:15of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
17:17And so, we see very well
17:19that it is his right to defend
17:21the territorial integrity
17:23of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
17:25We are in a state of pre-war,
17:27which means that the situation
17:29is very tense between the two countries,
17:31the Democratic Republic of Congo
17:33and Rwanda.
17:35A tense situation, you said it,
17:37the M23 remains straight in its boots,
17:39Rwanda, accused of supporting it,
17:41is also caught in South Africa,
17:43in this same region of Gomorrah,
17:45the arms passes are linked.
17:47Is climbing inevitable?
17:51So, you know, Mr. Diouf,
17:53the historical territory of the RDC,
17:55at least from 1997,
17:57it is a country that is cracked,
17:59exposed to a lot of separatist
18:01tendencies,
18:03movements sometimes even called
18:05terrorism, and we remember
18:07the insurrection against the former
18:09president Mobutu Sese Seko,
18:11and then there is Mr. Kabila Leper,
18:13who came and succeeded him himself,
18:15killed by his bodyguard,
18:17his son succeeded him
18:19and who managed the country
18:21for many years. At the time, Mr. Sese Kabila
18:23was in the opposition, after he was elected,
18:25today he is in his second term.
18:27And it is a country that has also
18:29suffered the setbacks of the
18:311994 genocide.
18:33We must remember, the Hutus
18:35had perpetrated this genocide against the Tutsis,
18:37and we must also remember that
18:39Mr. Kagame, the president of Rwanda, is part of the Tutsis.
18:41And so, there is also
18:43a very important ethnic entry,
18:45because you have an ethnic
18:47that is separated into two parties,
18:49and this brings up questions
18:51about the colonial legacy, because the RDC
18:53was first the Belgian Congo,
18:55independent since 1960,
18:57colonized by Belgium,
18:59and which obviously has access to the Atlantic.
19:01And moreover, sometimes,
19:03it must be said that the marking of borders
19:05was very arbitrary
19:07compared to many countries. In any case,
19:09Rwanda believes that it is its right
19:11to fight
19:13against the Hutus,
19:15because it reminds
19:17of the 1994 genocide.
19:19But I still notice
19:21that Mr. Kagame, somewhere today,
19:23is less and less supported,
19:25because he still symbolically benefited
19:27from the dramatic consequences
19:29of the 1994 genocide,
19:31but he won the sympathy
19:33of the international community.
19:35But today,
19:37he is under the spotlight,
19:39because generally, we can understand
19:41today, when the Security Council,
19:43the UN General Passport that conducted
19:45independent investigations,
19:47addresses the criticisms
19:49of the rebels of the March 23 movement,
19:51which was founded in 2003,
19:53and which participated in the conclusion
19:55of the Treaty of Treves,
19:57so that hostilities cease,
19:59especially in the eastern region
20:01of the Congo, which remains very rich
20:03in cobalt, nickel, diamond,
20:05and so on. I will leave aside
20:07all that is foreign interference.
20:09So today, we may be in a major
20:11turnaround compared to this situation,
20:13but I still remind you that
20:15geography is also important.
20:17Let's remember that the Congo
20:19is a tropical country, with many forests,
20:21so access is not fluid and fast,
20:23and therefore, the RDC's presence
20:25is in a rather delicate situation.
20:27In this context,
20:29the East African community
20:31and the African Union
20:33call for an inclusive dialogue,
20:35which, for the time being,
20:37does not favor the Nairobi axis.
20:39In this context,
20:41is an inclusive dialogue
20:43possible, Zakaria Aboudahab?
20:45Unfortunately,
20:47this dialogue has been interrupted
20:49several times.
20:51It is one of the most complicated
20:53conflicts on our continent,
20:55because the Democratic Republic
20:57of the Congo is Central Africa,
20:59but it has extensions
21:01compared to South Africa.
21:03We know very well that South Africa
21:05is the most influential country in this region.
21:07The SADC, which is the community
21:09for the development of South Africa,
21:11has participated
21:13in the launch of an inclusive dialogue,
21:15as you said earlier,
21:17but there is also the Luanda process.
21:19There is Kenya, because Kenya
21:21and the RDC are part
21:23of the Central African community,
21:25the economic community of Central Africa.
21:27Despite these attempts
21:29by regional or sub-regional organizations,
21:31unfortunately,
21:33the accusations of Paro
21:35and others, when you listen
21:37to Zagame, he will tell you
21:39that he has the right to also defend
21:41the country against a genocide
21:43number two, and therefore
21:45sometimes the reports are contradictory,
21:47but generally,
21:49what we notice today, a kind of consensus
21:51ad minima, let's say
21:53the international community,
21:55including the African Union, including
21:57the regional organizations that we have mentioned,
21:59consider that, without
22:01naming it directly,
22:03and this is perhaps diplomatically annoying,
22:05without naming Luanda,
22:07that everyone must assume their responsibilities
22:09because we are in
22:11a potential drift,
22:13or on a potential drift,
22:15and the spectrum of genocide is still there,
22:17the Hutus are still there,
22:19but also the Tutsis.
22:21So, in the end, if the international community
22:23would like a repetition,
22:25God forbid, of the
22:271994 genocide, it must
22:29assume its responsibilities. But be careful,
22:31Mr. Diouf, you know the acts of plundering
22:33the American and French embassies,
22:35I think yesterday or the day before yesterday, in Goma,
22:37so the citizens are angry
22:39and we understand that there is a kind of charge,
22:41as some say,
22:43a geopolitical anger, and
22:45therefore, it is really necessary today
22:47that everyone assumes his responsibility,
22:49it is time to trigger,
22:51the responsibility to protect,
22:53why there is a double standard, for Libya
22:55we intervene, but for others we do not intervene,
22:57so you understand, there are always
22:59hidden interests, and unfortunately
23:01there is always a duplicity in terms of
23:03operational action.
23:05Diplomacy,
23:07geometry,
23:09variable geometry, so for them,
23:11it is difficult to bring together
23:13the different parties
23:15around the table,
23:17so what mediation, finally,
23:19what strategy, what to do
23:21for the weapons to be tested in this region?
23:23So,
23:25it is first of all
23:27the duty,
23:29I believe it, of the Security Council
23:31when there are events
23:33of nature
23:35to impact or
23:37to endanger international security,
23:39including, of course, regional
23:41and local security,
23:43it is the duty of the international community
23:45to act. I do not think
23:47there is, at the level of the Security Council,
23:49resistance from this point of view,
23:51or even blockades, but it is absolutely necessary
23:53that everyone
23:55assumes his responsibility,
23:57especially that in this Security Council
23:59we also have
24:01African countries,
24:03without naming them, without citing them,
24:05we understand who they are,
24:07but they must be able to take initiative
24:09and not abandon
24:11the RDC. Why do I say this?
24:13Because officially, the Moroccan position
24:15is very clear from this point of view.
24:17Morocco officially supports
24:19the territorial integrity of the
24:21Democratic Republic of Congo.
24:23We therefore understand that it is necessary
24:25to organize around this a coalition
24:27allowing at least to dissuade
24:29especially the rebel parties,
24:31because the accusations do not go
24:33obviously against
24:35the Democratic Republic of Congo,
24:37but especially the militias,
24:39the armed groups,
24:41the separatists, etc.
24:43Once again, it is about preserving
24:45the stability of two countries
24:47that have known for several
24:49years of trouble and that would win
24:51to initiate a process
24:53of inclusive integration
24:55for the benefit of the populations.
24:57Unfortunately,
24:59the logic of power,
25:01of power,
25:03of egocentrism,
25:05sometimes ends up
25:07leading countries
25:09in blood baths.
25:11We do not really support
25:13both countries.
25:15There is no other solution.
25:17Respect the process
25:19of Luanda in Angola.
25:21We also support the mediation of Kenya
25:23as well as other organizations
25:25so that the situation first ceases
25:27in the context of a transitory ceasefire
25:29as reminded by the Security Council.
25:31Subsequently, we can negotiate
25:33the points of discord between the two parties
25:35as part of a diplomatic
25:37long-term approach.
25:39Zakaria Abu Dhabi,
25:41thank you for all these details.
25:43Thank you for answering our questions.
25:45With pleasure, Mr. Diouf. Goodbye.
25:47Goodbye.
25:49Goodbye.
25:51Goodbye.
25:53Goodbye.
25:55Goodbye.
25:57Goodbye.
25:59Goodbye.
26:01Goodbye.
26:03Goodbye.
26:05Goodbye.
26:07Goodbye.
26:09Goodbye.
26:11Goodbye.
26:13Goodbye.
26:15Goodbye.