MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 10/02/2025
Catégorie
🗞
NewsTranscription
00:00Welcome to this new edition of the Média1TV, here are the headlines.
00:20The UN accuses paramilitaries of the fast-moving forces of obstructing the process of aid to the Darfur, threatened with famine.
00:32Since the ceasefire in the Gaza Strip, the Israeli army has set up at least 146 new checkpoints in Syria and Jordan.
00:44However, with a total of nearly 900 checkpoints, the situation makes it almost impossible to move in some areas.
00:56In this daily, political leaders from all over the world meet with tech bosses this Monday and Tuesday in Paris
01:03at an international summit on artificial intelligence. We'll talk about it in a moment.
01:14The UN accuses paramilitaries of the fast-moving forces of obstructing the process of aid to the Darfur, threatened with famine.
01:30The persistent restrictions imposed by the FSR prevent vital aid from reaching those who desperately need it.
01:39The UN Humanitarian Coordination Office in Sudan, while the army controls the east and north of the country,
01:47the paramilitaries maintain their grip on almost all of Darfur, a vast region of the west of Sudan,
01:55where a quarter of the country's 50 million people have been living for months.
02:00They have besieged the great city of al-Fasher, the only one to escape their control of Darfur, according to UN agencies.
02:07Famine has already hit five sectors of Sudan, including three in the state of northern Darfur,
02:12and should spread from here, but to five other regions of this state.
02:19The UN is warning of an increase in the number of civilian deaths in Sudan.
02:27The armed conflict, which opposes the Sudanese armed forces and the fast-moving forces since April 2023,
02:35pushes the country to the brink of famine in Djarin.
02:40The rapid increase in the number of civilian deaths in Sudan alarms the United Nations,
02:46considering that both parties are unable to protect the inhabitants.
02:51The war between the Sudanese armed forces and the fast-moving forces has degraded the humanitarian situation,
02:57which is already fragile in the country, leaving the civilians without water or food.
03:03Life is so difficult, we don't have clean drinking water,
03:09and the supply of water in the grocery stores has also been interrupted.
03:13We also lack food, we are in despair.
03:19The rapid increase in the number of deaths among the population demonstrates the serious risks
03:24to which civilians are confronted.
03:26In Sudan, most schools are empty.
03:29The inability of the armed groups in conflict and their allies to protect civilians
03:34has led to the de-education of a large part of the children.
03:40I was a fourth-grade student, but because of the conflict,
03:43I haven't been to school for a year and four months.
03:48The conflict in Sudan, which began in April 2023,
03:52has caused tens of thousands of victims,
03:55uprooted 12 million people and pushed the country to the brink of famine.
04:02In Libya, the bodies of 28 migrants from sub-Saharan Africa
04:07were found in a false commune near an illegal detention center in the Koufra region,
04:13in the extreme south-east of the country.
04:15The bodies were found in the Koufra region after a security operation
04:22in this center held by a network of human traffickers
04:26where 76 migrants were kidnapped.
04:29Three people were arrested, a Libyan and two foreigners.
04:37We continue this news with the trade war promised by Donald Trump,
04:41which must enter this Monday in a new phase with the expected implementation
04:47of 25% customs rights on steel and aluminum imported to the United States.
04:53I would announce customs rights on steel on Monday.
04:57All steel arriving in the United States will have 25% customs rights,
05:01said the head of state.
05:03In the presidential plane taking him to the Super Bowl,
05:06the final of the American Professional Football League,
05:10the Republican billionaire added that the same fate would be reserved for imported aluminum.
05:16These measures would affect Canada a lot.
05:19Already in the line of sight of the American president,
05:22who is the main supplier of steel and aluminum imported to the United States,
05:26according to official figures, Brazil, Mexico and South Korea
05:31are also important steel suppliers.
05:35Since the ceasefire in Gaza, the Israeli army has installed at least 146 new checkpoints in West Jordan,
05:49with a total of nearly 900 dams.
05:54This situation makes travel almost impossible in some areas.
05:59Lina Amrini tells us more.
06:05Blocked roads, monster traffic jams, military operations,
06:08the occupied West Jordan is currently facing a generalized paralysis
06:13due to the multiplication of Israeli roadblocks.
06:17A situation that has intensified since the ceasefire in the Gaza Strip last January.
06:23These military checkpoints installed by the Israeli army
06:27hamper the circulation and daily life of Palestinians,
06:31creating considerable delays and extremely difficult travel conditions.
06:47Normally, I would take half an hour to get to my destination.
06:50Currently, I have to wait about six hours to get there.
06:53Sometimes even that becomes impossible.
06:56These large traffic jams make our daily life very difficult.
07:00Sometimes we have to change roads.
07:02We are really lost. We don't know where to go or which road to take.
07:06It becomes hell.
07:20We come from Jericho and we want to go to Bethlehem, to the village of Al-Walaja,
07:25because we had a death in our family and we want to attend the funeral.
07:30We have been here for about an hour and we don't know how long we will have to wait.
07:36This is unfair. We are not even responsible for this situation.
07:43These randomly closed barriers sometimes take the form of mounds of earth or concrete blocks.
07:49By blocking access, these checkpoints also have a significant economic impact.
07:54The local economy has recorded estimated losses of several million dollars per year
07:59due to delays and movement restrictions.
08:03There are about 900 checkpoints in the West Bank.
08:07What is the function of these checkpoints?
08:09Their function is to ensure everything that is not a security function.
08:14There are about 900 checkpoints in the occupied West Bank.
08:18These barriers do everything except their declared objective, which is to ensure security.
08:23Because their presence does not strengthen the security of Israel
08:26and does not contribute to the stability of the region.
08:29These checkpoints serve as a tool to exert pressure on the Palestinian people.
08:34They have a negative impact on the Palestinian economy
08:38as well as on the psychological well-being of the Palestinians,
08:41in order to push them to leave their country.
08:44While tensions persist, the Palestinians see a form of collective pressure
08:49and an attempt to control more territory.
08:55Direction Paris, where political leaders from all over the world
08:59and tech bosses meet on Monday and Tuesday
09:02at an international summit on artificial intelligence.
09:05Nearly 1,500 participants are waiting.
09:10Today at the Grand Palais for the send-off of this third international meeting
09:14on the subject, co-chaired with India and in the presence of its Prime Minister, Narendra Modi.
09:20Tech leaders such as Sam Altman, creator of ChatGPT,
09:25Sandar Pichai, Director General of Google
09:29and Daryouf Hammoudi, CEO of the American start-up,
09:34also make the trip.
09:36They will exchange during roundtables
09:38as well as on the opportunities and dangers of this cyber-attack technology
09:44and the integrity of information, artificial intelligence and science,
09:49the future of work.
09:52In the news also, thousands of people have descended in the streets of Madrid
09:57this Sunday to claim the right to a decent housing.
10:02Demonstrators are calling on authorities to find urgent solutions
10:06to what they describe as a genocidal union.
10:09They are calling for an end to the use of force.
10:12They are calling for an end to the use of force.
10:15They are calling for an end to the use of force.
10:18They are calling for an end to the use of force.
10:26Thousands have shown up on Sunday in the streets of Madrid.
10:31They are demanding immediate action to increase the price of rent
10:36but also to reduce housing.
10:38A situation that directly impacts the families of the working class.
10:44We are here to denounce the horror of living in Madrid.
10:48Madrid suffocates us.
10:49Housing makes life unbearable.
10:51And we are here to demand the ceiling of rent prices
10:55and to put in place rent controls
10:57and to strengthen the public housing park.
11:02The demonstrators are pressing the local government
11:05to take responsibility and to put in place policies
11:08that will mitigate the housing crisis
11:10and guarantee affordable housing for everyone.
11:15The law on housing alone is not enough.
11:18Rent prices must be controlled
11:20and holiday rents must be regulated.
11:22I think the most fundamental measure
11:24would be to recognize the right to a decent housing in the constitution
11:28in a real and effective way.
11:31This demonstration comes at a time
11:34when the average housing price in Spain
11:37has reached a historical level.
11:39In the last quarter of 2024,
11:41it was 12.5% higher than the 2007 record level.
11:50The Student Exchange Award abroad for Senegalese students
11:55aims to promote access to quality education in Senegal.
11:59Here is a statistical report from 2023-2024.
12:03There are 2,625 scholarships.
12:06These scholarships are allocated
12:08according to the offers of the partner countries.
12:10This is a report by Eva Sagna and Cheikh Endaou.
12:15Three ways are offered to Senegalese students
12:17who wish to study abroad.
12:19The first concerns the new bachelors,
12:21the second to the students of the preparatory course
12:24and finally those who have spontaneously responded
12:27to the offers of scholarships of the countries
12:29with which Senegal is in cooperation.
12:32Morocco, Russia and other countries,
12:36Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria and so on.
12:39These students will compete
12:41and if they are selected,
12:43we will give them scholarships,
12:45which are also called cooperation scholarships.
12:47In the report that we issue
12:49to ask people to come and compete,
12:52we will list the criteria.
12:55According to the countries now,
12:57the criteria are different.
12:59The takeover of these Senegalese students
13:01differs according to the countries they offer.
13:03Each year, some students
13:05leave the national territory for abroad.
13:08In France, 50 associations are gathered
13:11around a federation.
13:13Not everyone has access to scholarships
13:15because you can apply,
13:17but there is a quota.
13:19And we know that today in France
13:21there are more than 15,227 students like that, Senegalese.
13:25So it's a colossal number.
13:28Here in Senegal, I think the scholarship
13:30is generalized, it is systematic,
13:32but it is not once you leave in France.
13:35The students are integrated,
13:37then sponsored by the elders.
13:39When we are the representatives of the students,
13:42we always have calls,
13:44because the students have difficulties.
13:47And we relay the information,
13:49either to the Consulate General of Senegal in Paris,
13:52based on the issue raised,
13:55or to the embassy,
13:57through the EGE,
13:59the management service of students abroad,
14:02which brings together the 40 countries
14:05where our students are represented.
14:08The return to Berkei,
14:10a problem that will soon be an old memory.
14:14This year, to assess the young people who leave,
14:19for example, those who arrive at the end of their training,
14:22to assess them,
14:24and to classify them by field and specialization.
14:29And I asked them to work first on Morocco,
14:33as the first laboratory.
14:35Today, I think that each young person has this desire,
14:39this patriotism to say,
14:41I am abroad, of course,
14:44I have knowledge, skills,
14:46skills that I want to put forward for my country.
14:50Recall that in Senegal,
14:52the global budget allocated to foreign exchanges rises
14:55to nearly 7 billion francs CFA.
14:59A word of sport now.
15:01The Moroccan rugby team qualified for the final phase
15:04of the Nations Cup of Discipline,
15:07beating its Tunisian counterpart
15:09on the score from 26 to 12
15:12in a rematch played on Sunday
15:14at the Père-Gégoffre Stadium in Casablanca.
15:18This qualification marks the return of the Lions of the Atlas
15:22in continental competition.
15:24After a four-year absence,
15:26the Moroccan rugby team,
15:28sacred champions of Africa in 2005 and 2007,
15:30had finished at the head of group B
15:32of the rematch tournament,
15:34while Tunisia had dominated group A.
15:37The final phase of the Nations Cup
15:39is scheduled for July next year in Uganda.
15:42The team, which will be sacred champions of Africa,
15:45will be directly qualified for the World Cup
15:49in Australia in 2027,
15:51while the vice-champion will dispute
15:53the Nations Cup for a place in the World Cup.
15:57Listen to these reactions.
16:03It's a big family, a big family.
16:06We shouldn't fall into their game,
16:08a slow rhythm.
16:10As soon as we fell into this false rhythm,
16:12they scored points in this match.
16:16But our state of mind was in place.
16:19We hoped that Morocco would find its place
16:22and that Morocco had its place
16:24in the African rugby and in the Africa Nations Cup.
16:27It's a big day for us.
16:29The Moroccan community responded presently this afternoon.
16:37Everyone played their part to hold on to this jersey
16:40and the Moroccan flag,
16:42which we hope will dry up as high as possible.
16:46Congratulations to all of us.
16:48We are very happy, thanks to God.
16:50The work of the federation has paid off.
16:53They made available to us everything
16:55that was in their power to win.
16:57The technical staff, the medical staff.
17:01They do a job that no one could do in their place.
17:06France! France!
17:08France! France!
17:10France! France!
17:12France! France!
17:14France! France!
17:16France! France!
17:18And now, the guest of the big news of the midday.
17:22We will talk about it in this edition in Paris.
17:25Politicians from all over the world
17:27and leaders of the tech industry
17:29will meet this Monday and Tuesday
17:31for an international summit on artificial intelligence.
17:34To talk about it, we are live from Marrakech
17:36with Mr. Tarek Daouda,
17:38assistant professor at the Faculty of Medical Sciences
17:42at the Université Mohamed VI Polytechnique de Bengrir.
17:46Tarek Daouda, good morning
17:48and thank you for accepting our invitation.
17:51Thank you for the invitation.
17:54So, artificial intelligence,
17:57is it already well installed in Morocco?
18:01What is the state of its evolution in the kingdom?
18:07Very good, excellent question.
18:09First of all, congratulations to the Moroccan rugby team.
18:13So, the state of artificial intelligence in Morocco.
18:16Morocco is in the third category.
18:21The first category is the United States,
18:24the second category is Europe,
18:26which is ahead of Morocco.
18:28Morocco is one of those countries
18:30that is now starting to think seriously
18:33about an artificial intelligence policy.
18:35So, where are we?
18:37We are developing the necessary infrastructure
18:41for artificial intelligence,
18:43i.e. hardware infrastructure,
18:46i.e. we need hardware for artificial intelligence,
18:49but also everything related to infrastructure,
18:52i.e. everything related to training,
18:55because training in artificial intelligence
18:57is something that starts in Morocco,
18:59and I would say that this is the case
19:03where we are advancing the fastest
19:05in terms of training students in artificial intelligence,
19:08which is really excellent in my opinion.
19:11So, at the level of start-ups and companies,
19:14we see that in Morocco there is a serious and very,
19:18very great enthusiasm for artificial intelligence.
19:20So, there is an adoption of these techniques
19:24that exceeds what people expected.
19:28Adoption is extremely fast.
19:32How, Mr. Daouda,
19:34how to make artificial intelligence
19:37a trusted tool without any doubt?
19:42Ok, excellent question.
19:44Trust is ...
19:47When you talk about trust,
19:49you talk about technologies
19:51such as what we call LMPs,
19:53trust securities, etc.
19:54So, that's a serious problem.
19:57We would say that it is a fundamental problem,
19:59because these technologies,
20:02in fact, when we develop them,
20:04we do not control them.
20:06So, that means that we do not control
20:07what trust can come out as information.
20:10So, it can have certain geopolitical implications,
20:15but it also has important implications
20:17when we talk about, for example,
20:18the idea of health.
20:19So, if these models, for example,
20:21are trained on populations
20:22that are not representative
20:24of populations like in Morocco,
20:26we can't really rely on
20:28what they give us as information.
20:31So, all these points, in fact,
20:33are very important points to keep in mind.
20:37On the education side,
20:39some fears are imposed.
20:42The performance and academic achievements
20:46are they not threatened
20:48by artificial intelligence?
20:52What do you think?
20:53Thank you for this question.
20:56I think that in some ways, yes.
20:59For example, in my laboratory,
21:02chat GPT is prohibited for programming.
21:04So, the reason why we have this law,
21:08this rule in the laboratory,
21:11is very simple.
21:12It's because the chat GPT models
21:16or anthropic models
21:17or all these models
21:18are a breaking technology
21:20that is fundamentally different
21:22from the calculator.
21:24So, a calculator,
21:25we do calculations and that's it.
21:28On the other hand,
21:29the reasoning is not reached.
21:31So, you always have to reason
21:33before you can use a calculator.
21:35It's not just random.
21:37What happens with models like chat GPT
21:40is that some students
21:42will look for ease, for example,
21:45and will use these technologies
21:50as substitutes for reasoning.
21:52Which, in my opinion,
21:53is something extremely serious
21:55and something that must absolutely be avoided
21:57because the most important thing
21:59that a student must learn
22:01or a student,
22:02is above all to reason.
22:03So, you have to work this method of reasoning.
22:06You have to be able to make your own hypotheses.
22:08You have to be able to have your own ideas.
22:10And at that moment,
22:11and that's why I consider
22:13that these technologies
22:14can be detrimental to learning.
22:17So, to sum up,
22:19I think these models,
22:21these technologies,
22:22these tools
22:23are excellent assistants
22:25but very bad teachers
22:28and substitutes for reasoning.
22:31What are the areas of activity
22:35that are the most compatible
22:37and that need the most
22:40artificial intelligence?
22:45So, the need,
22:46in fact, artificial intelligence
22:47is really a breaking technology
22:49because it is a technology
22:51that can be inserted
22:52at about all levels,
22:53in any value chain, in fact.
22:56So, that's what makes
22:58such an important technology
22:59and why it is one of the major geopolitical issues.
23:02Now, what is interesting
23:04is that we expected,
23:06before,
23:07we expected that,
23:08for example,
23:09manual jobs, etc.,
23:10were the most affected
23:12by artificial intelligence.
23:13But in the end,
23:14these are the jobs
23:16that we do in front of a laptop
23:17that find themselves,
23:18let's say,
23:19not to say threatened,
23:20but that find themselves affected
23:21by artificial intelligence.
23:22For example,
23:23graphic design,
23:24translation, etc.
23:27Email writing,
23:29these are the four figures
23:35that we see most often
23:36in terms of use.
23:38And that's quite interesting
23:40because that's what happened,
23:42in fact, in my opinion,
23:43from my reading of the situation,
23:44is that people
23:46who are in computer science
23:47are always trying
23:49to automate the work they do.
23:51And they found themselves
23:52automating
23:53a good part of their work.
23:54That's why
23:55these are the jobs
23:57that we do in front of a computer
23:58that find themselves
23:59most affected by artificial intelligence.
24:02Mr. Tarek Daouda,
24:05thank you for this explanation.
24:07Thank you for answering our questions.
24:09And I remind you that you are
24:11a professor assisting
24:13at the Faculty of Medical Sciences.
24:15Mohamed Sis,
24:17thank you.
24:25To contribute
24:26to the economic autonomy
24:28of women,
24:29the European Union
24:30provides equipment,
24:31equipment and agricultural nutrients.
24:33The goal is to promote
24:35women's access,
24:37but also young people,
24:38to new professional opportunities.
24:41Look, this is a report
24:42by Mohamed Danioukou.
24:45After the phases of training,
24:47of women's and young people's groupings,
24:49the project has just adopted
24:51equipment and materials
24:53composed of fertilizers,
24:54solar equipment
24:55and raw materials
24:56for production
24:57and the transformation
24:58of quality butter,
24:59milk and folio.
25:01This support
25:02is specifically oriented
25:03on the agricultural sector,
25:04including the exploitation
25:06of the maraché perimeters,
25:08water retention
25:09and units of transformation
25:10of agricultural products.
25:12The supports in this framework
25:14are multidimensional.
25:17The maraché perimeters
25:19in the first time
25:20have been arranged
25:21and equipped
25:22by means of EXOR.
25:24All groupings
25:25have been formed
25:26on the technical itineraries,
25:28the techniques
25:29of transformation
25:30of agricultural products
25:31and entrepreneurship.
25:32This project
25:33that contributes
25:34to stabilizing the country
25:35is already appreciated
25:36by the authorities
25:37in view of the results.
25:39There is a group
25:40of women
25:41who have already started
25:42to produce
25:43the quality
25:44maraché perimeters.
25:45So it's the same
25:46for all the other groupings.
25:48So they are already
25:49at work
25:50and we already see
25:51the results
25:52of their work.
25:54And I believe
25:55that the impact
25:56on families
25:57and communities
25:58is really visible.
26:00The beneficiaries
26:01affirm that this project
26:02has contributed
26:03to change their daily lives
26:04by making them
26:05more autonomously
26:06and economically.
26:07Really,
26:08we are very happy.
26:09We have received
26:10a lot of work materials.
26:11Really,
26:12this will facilitate
26:13a lot of things
26:14for us.
26:17It will also help
26:18families,
26:19children.
26:20Really,
26:21we are very happy
26:24with our donors.
26:25This second phase
26:26of the project
26:27concerns the regions
26:28of Kudukuru,
26:29Nioro-du-Sahel,
26:30Bougouni,
26:31Sikasso
26:32and Kutiala
26:33for a period
26:34of 30 months
26:35costs 13.3 million euros.
26:40This is the end
26:41of this edition.
26:42Thank you
26:43for following
26:44this series
26:45of programs
26:46on Mediante.
26:56www.mediante.com