八点最热报 | 寒窗苦读多年，但大学毕业后，每月薪水却还不到2000令吉，沦为低薪族，这究竟是谁的错？是年轻人还是经济出了问题？厦门大学大马分校经济助理教授李荣昌表示，国内中小型企业长期做低端生产，聘用的大部分都是低薪的低技术员工，间接成了国民薪资低的“罪魁祸首”。（主播：梁宝仪）
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00:00 Before watching the video, I remind you that there is more content on the Hotpoint website.
00:05 Many parents tell their children to study hard, get good grades, and go to university.
00:10 Only then can they find a good job and get a high salary every month.
00:15 However, in this era, is a high degree really equal to a high salary?
00:20 A recent study by the National Academy of Sciences shows that
00:22 more than 70% of international graduate students have a salary of less than 2,000 RMB after graduation.
00:30 It may even be lower than the salary of a deliveryman.
00:34 So where is the problem?
00:36 Is it that young people nowadays lack the ability to pay their taxes?
00:39 Is it that the education system does not meet the requirements of the job market?
00:42 Or is it that the national economic policy has a problem
00:45 and the enterprise cannot afford to pay more salary for international graduates?
00:49 In fact, the reason why international graduates have low salaries in the past 20 years
00:52 is caused by many factors.
00:55 Wu Lintai, a senior lecturer at the University of Macao's Academy of Economics,
01:00 said in an interview with the Eight News.
01:02 "The number of international graduate students is increasing year after year.
01:05 From more than 6 million in 2002 to more than 1.2 million in last year.
01:11 At the same time, most enterprises in China still focus on low-end labor-intensive industries,
01:18 mainly for low-skilled employees.
01:21 There is no need to hire so many international students
01:24 and there are not so many jobs for international students.
01:27 In the case of increasing salaries, the intention of international students is low.
01:32 And not only in Malaysia, many developing countries are facing the same situation.
01:37 The economic development is not as popular as international education.
01:41 Kong Linglong, the director of the Danish small and medium enterprises, said
01:45 that more than 95% of small and medium enterprises in China
01:50 have half of the total employment population in small and medium enterprises.
01:55 However, since most small and medium enterprises are engaged in low-end industries,
01:59 the revenue is not high and the salary is limited.
02:03 Not to mention the intention of opening a good job for international students.
02:07 After giving employees a high salary,
02:10 the company also needs to pay for employees' small contributions,
02:12 and additional costs such as insurance.
02:14 It is a big burden for small and medium enterprises.
02:18 Li Rongchang, the assistant professor of economics at the University of Denmark,
02:22 said that the reason why China has been facing a low salary is
02:26 because of the problem of the country's economic structure.
02:29 He said that since 1980,
02:31 Malaysia has been adopting low-wage competitive policies to attract foreign investors
02:36 and rely on imported foreign cheap laborers to support the existing economic model.
02:41 The cost is that the salary of Chinese people has been suppressed for a long time,
02:47 which makes it difficult for international students to start a new career.
02:50 After studying hard for many years,
02:54 I graduated from university and my monthly salary is less than RMB 2,000,
02:57 which is considered low-income.
02:58 Who is to blame?
03:00 Is it the young people or the economy?
03:02 Li Rongchang, the assistant professor of economics at the University of Denmark,
03:06 said that most of the small and medium enterprises in China
03:09 are low-income low-tech employees,
03:12 which indirectly becomes the biggest loser of low-income people.
03:16 The senior lecturer of the University of Denmark's Economics School,
03:18 Mr. Wu Lin Tai, also said that the number of college students is increasing year by year,
03:22 but these small and medium enterprises can't hire a large number of graduates to be packaging workers.
03:27 The problem is that Malaysia is a country that is mainly based on small and medium enterprises.
03:32 If you look at our data, 97% of the enterprises are small and medium enterprises.
03:36 Small and medium enterprises are not so large in size and have limited resources.
03:39 Then the business or the way of running the enterprise is more conservative,
03:44 so it will not take the initiative to increase the salary of employees.
03:47 The number of college students is still increasing,
03:50 but our industry model is still focused on the labor-intensive industry model.
03:56 For example, how many college students does a company need?
03:59 If it is focused on the labor-intensive industry,
04:01 it needs a large number of foreign workers to package and work,
04:06 instead of hiring a large number of ordinary college students to do the packaging.
04:09 If we have always been focusing on the labor-intensive industry,
04:13 it is really difficult for us to raise the salary.
04:16 Wu Lin Tai believes that in order to create more jobs for college students,
04:20 and to raise their salaries,
04:22 small and medium enterprises must transition from low-end industries to high-tech industries.
04:27 The government must also focus on attracting high-value foreign investors to our country.
04:30 He said that only through high-quality industries can companies benefit,
04:34 and thus be able to hire and retain new generation talents.
04:39 Only through high-quality industries can we hire so many college students.
04:44 If it is a labor-intensive industry,
04:46 it is impossible to hire 150 college students to do the packaging.
04:49 If we can create high-value investment,
04:52 and bring high-quality jobs to Malaysia,
04:55 and create them in Malaysia,
04:57 then the requirements for college students in our country will be higher.
05:00 However, transformation is difficult for every enterprise.
05:04 The chairman of the Dama Small and Medium Enterprises Agency, Kong Linglong, said that
05:07 due to the lack of capital, most small and medium enterprises are heavily-produced and lightly-developed,
05:12 and only pursue short-term economic interests,
05:14 but have little investment in product technology development,
05:17 making it more difficult for companies to transform, upgrade, and earn higher revenue.
05:21 As a result, they cannot hire technicians with better salary and treatment,
05:25 which leads to a shortage of small and medium enterprises' development capabilities,
05:27 and eventually falls into a vicious cycle.
05:30 It's like when we go to Huawei,
05:32 25% of the profits are used for research and development.
05:35 You see, Malaysia's development is less than 3%.
05:38 Not to mention enterprises.
05:40 The less money you have, the lower your salary.
05:44 The lower your salary, the lower your ability.
05:46 It's a chicken egg.
05:48 You can't produce a good product.
05:50 You can produce a good product,
05:52 but it takes too long.
05:53 Time is a waste of your cost.
05:56 It creates a vicious cycle.
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