Ces phénomènes naturels sont comme un bug dans la Matrice

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Transcript

00:00:00 In December 2014, an entire district of Budapest was covered in ice crystals.

00:00:06 The trees in the area could not stand such pressure and began to bend under their weight.

00:00:11 It was a frightening phenomenon called the ice fog.

00:00:15 When it happens, the temperature drops considerably, freezing everything around,

00:00:19 a bit like the Detrackers in the Harry Potter saga.

00:00:22 And all this thanks to a cross temperature chassis.

00:00:25 It not only affects urban furniture, but also creates ghostly pillars and halos shining in the dark.

00:00:31 The ice fog is made up of tiny ice crystals.

00:00:35 When the temperature drops below -10°C, the droplets of water in the air freeze and turn into crystals.

00:00:42 Until then, they remain in a liquid state, unless they find something to freeze on.

00:00:47 Ice fog is generally formed in the coldest regions of the world, such as the Arctic or the Antarctic.

00:00:53 Budapest was, at least, unexpected.

00:00:56 Hot and humid gases emitted by vehicles and planes can also create frosty fog.

00:01:01 A plane takes off on a cold day, and bam!

00:01:04 It releases so much frosty fog that the next plane can't see anything.

00:01:08 This happens sometimes.

00:01:10 It's not the same as ice powder, however.

00:01:12 Which is when spare crystals fall from a clear sky.

00:01:16 They form when there is a lot of humidity, almost 100%,

00:01:19 and when the air temperature drops below 0°C.

00:01:23 This creates suspended ice crystals in the air, which end up on different surfaces.

00:01:28 Note that the first pioneers of the North thought that these crystals could penetrate their lungs

00:01:33 and cause them a lot of problems.

00:01:35 There are many other fascinating ice formations, such as the gypsy flower.

00:01:40 It occurs when the air is cold, but the ground has not yet completely frozen.

00:01:44 The sap inside the plant stems expands when it freezes, which makes them burst.

00:01:48 Once this happens, the liquid flows, meets the frozen air,

00:01:52 and turns into thin layers of ice, creating beautiful formations in the form of petals or ribbons.

00:01:57 The lightning of earthquakes is another strange and unique phenomenon.

00:02:04 When a powerful earthquake of magnitude 8.1 struck Mexico in 2017,

00:02:10 strange images of green and blue light in the sky began to spread on the Internet.

00:02:16 These famous Mexican seismic lights only added to the mystery.

00:02:21 Like lightning bolts, earthquake lights are quite rare,

00:02:25 and just as prodigious as difficult to apprehend for scientists.

00:02:29 What complicates things is that observations of lights around earthquakes do not all seem to agree.

00:02:35 There are many myths and theories about this phenomenon.

00:02:39 Lights can be declined in many colors and many forms.

00:02:44 In studying our past, historians have isolated 65 stories mentioning such apparitions,

00:02:50 some of which date back to the 17th century.

00:02:53 On November 12, 1988, for example,

00:02:57 people reported that a bright purple sphere floated along the St. Lawrence River in Quebec,

00:03:02 only 11 days before a powerful earthquake.

00:03:05 In Pisco, Peru, the phenomenon took the form of bright lights that were captured by security cameras in 2007,

00:03:12 before an earthquake of magnitude 8.

00:03:15 And in 2009, before another earthquake in Italy, in L'Aquila,

00:03:19 people observed flames of a dozen centimeters dancing above paved streets.

00:03:24 However, debates persist about the reality of these seismic lights.

00:03:28 The Institute for Geological Studies of the United States is cautious,

00:03:32 because it is not known whether these individual testimonies around the time and place of an earthquake

00:03:37 really referred to the phenomenon in question.

00:03:41 During a study, scientists hypothesized that these lights could be caused by electric charges

00:03:49 released by specific types of rocks during seismic activity,

00:03:53 a bit like when you run a battery in the Earth's crust.

00:03:56 Some rocks, such as basalt and gabbro, have tiny crystalline defects.

00:04:01 They could potentially release these electric charges.

00:04:04 Researchers estimated that the conditions necessary for the appearance of such lights

00:04:08 were only found in less than 0.5% of earthquakes in the world.

00:04:13 This could explain their rarity.

00:04:15 They also noted that the lights tended to appear more often before or during earthquakes than after.

00:04:21 A previous study suggested that tectonic pressure could cause an electric piezo effect,

00:04:27 where rocks containing quartz generate powerful electric fields when they are compressed.

00:04:32 However, the study of seismic lights remains difficult because they are unpredictable and short-lived.

00:04:38 It is time to talk about these mysterious halos that suddenly appear around the Moon or the Sun.

00:04:46 You are walking with a friend and suddenly you notice it.

00:04:49 It is a warning from Mother Nature.

00:04:51 A snowstorm or rain is preparing.

00:04:54 These halos form when billions of tiny ice crystals in the clouds refract the light of the Sun.

00:05:01 Resist the temptation to admire this marvel with the naked eye.

00:05:05 It can damage your eyes.

00:05:07 Take sunglasses and observe it for about forty minutes at most.

00:05:11 Nature sends us many other early warnings.

00:05:15 If the sea mysteriously withdraws, revealing corals and fish, a tsunami could be approaching.

00:05:21 Also be careful of the current of tornadoes on the beach.

00:05:24 And sharks could venture further than usual if a storm escapes.

00:05:28 You feel your hair stand up and your jewels vibrate.

00:05:31 It is the lightning that could fall nearby.

00:05:34 Quickly seek shelter.

00:05:35 Avalanches, green storms and lakes near volcanoes all present potential dangers.

00:05:40 The cross-sea is just as dangerous.

00:05:43 And practicing speleology during a full moon could cost you your life.

00:05:47 If the ocean turns red, avoid swimming there.

00:05:50 There could be toxic algae in the water.

00:05:52 Animals also detect disasters.

00:05:54 If they behave strangely, be careful.

00:05:58 A fascinating blue light is manifested around the Matsu Islands during summer nights.

00:06:05 It is caused by tiny luminous creatures, the dinoflagellates.

00:06:09 Tourists love to watch this spectacle.

00:06:12 But there is a drawback.

00:06:13 It is toxic and increases in size every year, as revealed by a study.

00:06:17 Despite its enchanting appearance, the phenomenon is harmful.

00:06:20 A team of oceanographers used satellite data to track its progression over 19 years.

00:06:25 After analyzing nearly a thousand images, they concluded that it spread to deeper waters.

00:06:31 Unfortunately, this expansion presents a threat to marine life.

00:06:34 Matsu's blue tears can poison fish and sea turtles and even affect human health.

00:06:40 Although dinoflagellates are not harmful in themselves,

00:06:43 their toxic algae-composed diet releases toxic chemical compounds in the water.

00:06:47 This process also drains oxygen, endangering marine fauna.

00:06:51 The main cause is uncertain.

00:06:53 But the pollution from the agriculture practiced along the Yangtze River seems to play a crucial role.

00:06:59 Agricultural rustle introduces nutrients that feed this flora.

00:07:04 During the construction of the Three Gorges Dam,

00:07:06 the extent of the phenomenon decreased when the river flow reduced.

00:07:09 Then, after the completion of the dam and the return of a powerful current, it regained more beauty.

00:07:14 Researchers predict that these "blue tears" will continue to spread,

00:07:19 posing a constant threat to marine life and producing more and more luminous waters.

00:07:24 A catabatic wind occurs when cold and dense air descends along a mountain slope due to gravity.

00:07:33 These winds can be powerful, sometimes reaching the speed of a hurricane.

00:07:37 But this is rare.

00:07:39 Unlike other descending winds, catabatic winds such as the Adriatic storm or the Santa Ana wind in California

00:07:45 come from air that cools in high reliefs such as plateaus or mountains.

00:07:50 As the air descends, it warms up and its temperature depends on its source region.

00:07:56 In Antarctica, catabatic winds play a crucial role in the formation of wind fields.

00:08:02 And in this region, as in Greenland, they can be particularly intense and reach the strength of a hurricane.

00:08:09 They contribute to unique phenomena such as the dry valleys of McMurdo in Antarctica

00:08:14 and are associated with the feared "Willy Woes" that swept the archipelago of the Land of Fire and Alaska.

00:08:20 The fire of St. Helm is a natural phenomenon that deserves to be mentioned.

00:08:27 It occurs during storms or volcanic eruptions.

00:08:30 When a powerful electric field reigns over the area,

00:08:33 it produces a purple or blue glow around the masts of ships, aircraft stops or pointed objects.

00:08:39 This glow is caused by ionized air molecules and is most visible in low-light conditions.

00:08:45 It is a form of plasma that manifests when the electric field around an object causes the ionization of air molecules.

00:08:53 This can occur during storms, because there are strong differences in tension between clouds and the ground.

00:08:59 The glowing objects facilitate the appearance of the fire of St. Helm because the electric field is more concentrated.

00:09:05 The colors you see, whether blue or purple, come from the fluorescence of nitrogen and oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere.

00:09:13 It is similar to how our neon lamps work, but with different gases.

00:09:18 And from Ancient Greece to China in the 15th century, this phenomenon has been observed throughout history.

00:09:28 Hey, have you ever seen a fire rainbow?

00:09:31 Yeah, me neither. And a circular or horizontal arc.

00:09:35 I don't think so, but just so you know, it's the same thing.

00:09:39 At first glance, it looks like a painting or a large rainbow-colored trace in the sky.

00:09:44 Despite their name, they have nothing in common with fire or rain.

00:09:48 This phenomenon occurs on rare occasions when the sun shines through a certain formation of clouds loaded with ice.

00:09:55 The rainbow-colored halos are just as unique.

00:09:59 Again, a specific type of ice crystal must be present in the clouds so that the Earth's surface curves the sunlight into a perfect ring.

00:10:08 The same thing can happen with the moon's light.

00:10:11 The only difference is that the lunar halos are generally white and that the solar halos can be rainbow-colored.

00:10:19 When you visit high-altitude regions, you can be one of the few lucky ones to see snow penitents.

00:10:26 These are actually ice peaks that are naturally formed.

00:10:30 To form them, you need a really cold environment, high up, and where the air is dry.

00:10:36 The sunlight directly turns the ice into steam rather than melting it into water.

00:10:41 And that's why these blades of snow and ice start to appear on the surface of the Earth.

00:10:46 As graceful as they may be, they can reach heights of up to 5 meters.

00:10:52 What happens when small droplets of lava meet the wind?

00:10:56 Well, they're called "hair of a hairpin".

00:10:58 Let me explain.

00:11:00 The word "hairpin" comes from the ancient Hawaiian goddess of volcanoes.

00:11:03 Every time the wind carries small drops of lava, it stretches them to form braids similar to hair,

00:11:09 a bit like in the process of creating a glass thread.

00:11:13 These delicate braids can stretch up to 2 meters.

00:11:17 On rare occasions, it can rain without any clouds.

00:11:20 But is it really rain?

00:11:22 Let's examine the scientific aspects of this rare phenomenon.

00:11:25 It is sometimes called a "sunburst" because it seems like the rain is falling straight from our star.

00:11:31 But let's be clear, it is impossible for rain to fall directly from the sun.

00:11:36 Rain clouds are at a certain distance from where it rains.

00:11:40 When the sun's rays are oriented in a certain way, the clouds are out of sight.

00:11:45 Add a little wind to blow the rain in your direction, and abracadabra!

00:11:50 You get sunbursts.

00:11:53 In Bolivia, there is a place called the Salar de Uyuni.

00:11:57 It is the largest salt desert in the world, measuring about 10,580 square kilometers.

00:12:03 This is also where half of the planet's lithium is located, a crucial element in the manufacture of batteries.

00:12:09 But what else is so special about this place?

00:12:12 Every time the rainy season comes, it turns this flat earth area into a perfectly reflective mirror lake.

00:12:19 What comes to mind when you hear about "blood waterfall"? A horror movie?

00:12:25 Well, it's just a series of waterfalls located in one of the driest regions of Antarctica.

00:12:32 They emerge from an underground lake filled with a certain type of bacteria.

00:12:36 These small organisms use sulfates as nutrients instead of sugar, which makes them fascinating for scientists.

00:12:43 The water contained in this lake is so saturated with iron that it simply rusts when it comes in contact with the air.

00:12:49 Hence the reddish color of the waterfall, which is worth its name.

00:12:53 OK, we all know the song "Sting's Desert Rose", but it's not totally imaginary.

00:12:58 There is indeed a thing called the "sand rose".

00:13:02 It's not a plant, but a unique formation of gypsum.

00:13:06 It grows in dry and sandy areas that can occasionally be flooded.

00:13:10 This constant passage between a wet and dry environment allows the gypsum crystals to emerge between the grains of sand,

00:13:16 imprisoning them in a rose shape.

00:13:19 Have you ever heard of the "eye of Africa"?

00:13:22 Scientists are always trying to understand how it was formed.

00:13:25 You can only see it if you fly over it.

00:13:27 But it's actually a natural dome.

00:13:30 It's the structure of Richat, formed about 100 million years ago.

00:13:34 And no, I wasn't there at the time.

00:13:37 It is approximately 40 km in diameter and consists of several concentric rings.

00:13:42 The largest, or the central zone, measures about 30 km in diameter.

00:13:47 Astronauts were among the first to notice it, and it has been studied extensively since.

00:13:53 Even today, when astronauts land in Florida, they know they're almost home when they see the "eye of Africa".

00:14:01 One of the most beautifully colored trees in the world is found in the Philippines and Indonesia.

00:14:06 It's called the "rainbow eucalyptus".

00:14:09 It owes its name to its bark, which changes color and detaches as the tree ages.

00:14:15 The greenish-green bark is the youngest, because it is full of chlorophyll, which is usually found in the leaves.

00:14:21 It then turns purple, then red.

00:14:24 Finally, it turns brown as it grows and loses its chlorophyll.

00:14:28 Don't get the wrong idea by thinking there's a whole forest here.

00:14:32 It's actually just one tree.

00:14:34 And no, it's not a kind of optical illusion either.

00:14:37 Let me explain.

00:14:39 Under the ground, there is a complex network of roots that connects about 47,000 tree forms that emerge from the ground.

00:14:46 It's called the "false-trembling poplar".

00:14:48 Some of these trees are part of the oldest and largest organisms in the world.

00:14:53 This is a good destination for all travelers.

00:14:56 Well, maybe not as good as that, actually.

00:14:59 The area most frequently affected by lightning in the world, according to recent data published by NASA, is Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela.

00:15:07 On average, every day of the year, 300 storms occur in this area.

00:15:12 But what makes this region so unique that storms occur there so often?

00:15:17 Well, that's because it's where the cool air of the mountains meets the hot and humid breeze of the lake,

00:15:22 which generates electricity above it.

00:15:25 The eternal flame falls are located in the north of New York state, near the Canadian border.

00:15:31 In this region, there is a tiny waterfall that houses a great secret, a 20-centimetre-high fireball.

00:15:39 It turns out that a natural gas leak fuels the flame behind this waterfall.

00:15:44 The waterfall, on the other hand, provides enough cover for it to stay on for almost all the time.

00:15:50 Hikers like to turn it back on if they see that it's out of power.

00:15:53 This phenomenon is quite common, but this example has gained popularity because it is more recent than most.

00:16:00 And it's very beautiful in the pictures, let's be honest.

00:16:03 I've heard of yellow sand, white sand and even black sand here and there, but I've never heard of green beaches until now.

00:16:12 Papa Koela, also known as Greensand Beach, is located in Hawaii, and it's one of the few beaches in the world to feature green sand.

00:16:21 This unique colour comes from the olive rock that formed during the eruption of a nearby volcano.

00:16:27 And to be honest, in Hawaii, it's not the volcanoes that are missing.

00:16:31 Forget about the green sand, because some other beaches in the world can even shine at night, and it's completely natural.

00:16:37 The responsible for this is a small thing called phytoplankton, or microalgae, as they are sometimes called.

00:16:43 They are actually small plants that contain chlorophyll and need sunlight to live and develop.

00:16:50 Most types of phytoplankton are able to float in the upper part of the ocean, where sunlight can still reach them underwater.

00:16:58 When the phytoplankton is agitated by the movement of waves and currents, it emits light, which gives the impression that some of them shine during the night.

00:17:06 These special microorganisms can be found on beaches in many places around the world, such as the Maldives, Puerto Rico and the Everglades.

00:17:14 At the foot of a mountain located near Afton, in Wyoming, there is a small river called the Intermittent Source.

00:17:22 There are only a few of them in the world.

00:17:25 But what makes this little stream of water so mysterious?

00:17:28 Perhaps the fact that it starts and stops every few minutes.

00:17:31 Scientists have not yet found the precise reason for this phenomenon.

00:17:35 They think it is simply a siphon effect that occurs in the depths of the ground and causes the river to start and stop frequently.

00:17:43 If you want to take a look, make sure you do it at the end of the summer, because it is at this time that the Intermittent Source is the most active.

00:17:50 Well, for once, it's just one way of talking.

00:17:54 You are hiking in the wild looking for a safe place to set up your camp.

00:18:01 You only hear the leaves and branches cracking under your feet.

00:18:05 Squirrels are running in a tree over there.

00:18:07 But suddenly, something unexpected happens.

00:18:10 You notice something strange in the distance.

00:18:13 Between the trees, it looks like a kind of concrete structure.

00:18:16 Weird.

00:18:18 At this moment, you have already gone about thirty kilometers in the woods, and there is no city or village nearby.

00:18:25 At least, as far as you know.

00:18:28 So you decide to go out on the beaten path with your friends to see more closely.

00:18:33 But as you approach, you realize that there is nothing else here.

00:18:37 Hmm, what is this thing doing there, literally in the middle of nowhere?

00:18:42 And it doesn't even seem to lead to anything.

00:18:45 You put on your Sherlock Holmes cap and you start the investigation.

00:18:49 Let's see, maybe there was an old house or a mansion here, which has collapsed over the years and the only thing left is this staircase.

00:18:57 But, strangely, after going around this strange structure, you realize that there is no trace of ruin, not even foundation.

00:19:06 It's as if someone had cut a staircase from his house, like in a cake, and had placed it here for no reason.

00:19:14 Okay.

00:19:15 Your friends and you didn't really want to get close to you.

00:19:19 There is something ringing.

00:19:21 The more you look at this structure, the more you think you feel a scary presence.

00:19:26 Something tells you that you should probably leave the area, and as soon as possible.

00:19:32 As strange as it may seem, these discoveries of incongruous staircases hanging alone in the woods are surprisingly common.

00:19:40 Some are made of wood, others of brick or stone.

00:19:43 Some look old, while others seem to have been finished the day before.

00:19:48 The only thing they all have in common is that they lead absolutely nowhere and that they are all in very mysterious places.

00:19:56 One of the most famous is in Chesterfield, in New Hampshire.

00:20:00 A long staircase with a medieval look, made of stone, with Roman vaults in the middle of the woods.

00:20:06 It is thought that it was part of Madame Antoinette Chéry's castle, a Parisian singer of the crazy years.

00:20:12 This castle would be almost a century old, and it was rediscovered in 1962.

00:20:18 This time again, there was nothing but a staircase.

00:20:21 Another old mysterious staircase would date from 9,000 years ago.

00:20:25 It is located in a forest in Italy.

00:20:27 It looks like a stepway that leads to a tiny platform at the top.

00:20:32 Why bother building it if it leads nowhere?

00:20:36 Well, some experts think it could be some kind of tower for ritual purposes,

00:20:41 but that's just a guess.

00:20:43 It is a geoid anomaly in the Indian Ocean,

00:20:47 simply known as the Indian Ocean Depression.

00:20:51 It produces the largest deforming natural gravitational force in the world.

00:20:56 The deposits of heavy minerals, the numerous deep-water pits,

00:21:00 and the present magma reservoirs disturb the magnetic field of this area.

00:21:04 Earth's gravity changes in different parts of the planet.

00:21:08 This allows researchers to study certain models and understand what happens under the surface.

00:21:14 Higher gravity fields generally mean that the materials are denser below and vice versa.

00:21:21 Some scientists think the anomaly could be a crevice in the mantle of the planet

00:21:26 that would go up to the Earth's crust.

00:21:29 The island of Niaou seems to be happily passing through all modern progress.

00:21:34 There are no cars because the inhabitants are walking or cycling.

00:21:38 No wonder they look fit.

00:21:40 They live without running water, internet, and shops.

00:21:44 The only school on the island is powered by solar energy through a power generator.

00:21:50 And what's great is that it's the only school in the state that is powered by the sun.

00:21:55 An inhabitant of the island explains some basic rules that permanent residents must follow.

00:22:01 If they break them, they can be expelled.

00:22:04 Now, not far from Bangkok, in the northeast of Thailand,

00:22:08 there is a rock formation 75 million years old.

00:22:12 These rocks look like three whales swimming together.

00:22:16 This magnificent pattern, created by nature, is now known as the Three Whale Rock.

00:22:23 Millions of years ago, this region was just a desert, but the Earth was changing.

00:22:29 Little by little, the ridge was spread out by the movement of tectonic plates and erosion.

00:22:34 This is how these spectacular formations were created.

00:22:37 If you decide to explore the course around the three whales,

00:22:41 you will find waterfalls, a fauna, and an abundant flora.

00:22:45 Located on the peninsulas of the Yamal and the Guidane,

00:22:48 these vast pits were discovered in 2014.

00:22:52 They seem to be constantly evolving.

00:22:55 The pits are trying to expand, so that people can see them more and more often.

00:23:00 Of course, the theories about how they appeared are not lacking.

00:23:04 The hypotheses range from the impact of meteorites to the activity of ancient civilizations.

00:23:09 But the most common explanation is that it is methane that reacted with water molecules

00:23:14 after the planet's permafrost began to melt.

00:23:17 This would have caused the explosion of methane bubbles through the ice.

00:23:21 These craters could be thousands of years old, but no one is sure.

00:23:26 You find yourself in the state of New Mexico, in the small town of Taos.

00:23:30 2% of the inhabitants hear a strange buzzing in the air every day.

00:23:35 Some believe that this sound is linked in one way or another

00:23:38 to the technologies used by the messengers from other galaxies.

00:23:42 There is also a legend that something sinister is happening in the city.

00:23:47 It is rumored that Taos is cursed.

00:23:51 A bad spirit or some ghosts would punish people for a mistake made by their ancestors in the past.

00:23:56 Scientists still cannot explain the nature of this sound.

00:24:00 Another theory advances that it would be caused by the unusual acoustics of the place,

00:24:05 while others believe that this buzzing is nothing but a collective hallucination.

00:24:10 Some could hear it for the simple reason that everyone talks about it,

00:24:14 but it would generate the illusion of a sound that does not really exist.

00:24:18 This sound is not the same for everyone.

00:24:21 For some, it is a serious vibration, for others, it is rather a buzzing.

00:24:25 But it is not the only place where you can hear these strange noises.

00:24:29 It is called "hum" and people from all over the world claim to have heard it.

00:24:34 Some inhabitants of a small village in Scotland describe it as a serious and thick buzzing.

00:24:39 While in Florida, people also heard a similar noise.

00:24:44 We do not know exactly when this phenomenon appeared,

00:24:47 but the first time the press started talking about it was in the 1970s in England.

00:24:53 In addition, there are written traces of a mysterious buzzing dating back nearly 200 years.

00:24:59 According to some estimates, only about 2% of people on the planet can hear this famous "hum".

00:25:05 Maybe their ears are catching low-frequency waves, or maybe the reason is something else.

00:25:11 A volcano in Indonesia spits out blue-hot lava and produces blue and electric purple flames.

00:25:18 This phenomenon occurs because this volcano has sulfur levels among the highest in the world.

00:25:23 It also has a rather characteristic nauseating smell.

00:25:27 But I'm wrong.

00:25:28 When sulfuric gases interact with hot and burning air,

00:25:32 they are ignited by the lava and become blue.

00:25:35 You can also find the largest acid lake in the world inside this crater.

00:25:40 Yes, this place is a real plague.

00:25:42 It is not for nothing that rivers and underwater lakes are called "saltwater basins".

00:25:48 High salinity makes the water that is there denser than the surrounding sea water.

00:25:53 That's why they sink to the bottom, forming rivers and lakes.

00:25:57 They even have their own waves, and these waves can sometimes hit the shore.

00:26:02 If you went down in an underwater, you would easily float on the surface of a saltwater basin.

00:26:07 But without a submarine, swimming in such an environment would be too risky.

00:26:11 It contains too much methane and toxic hydrogen sulfide.

00:26:15 Yes, I would have a good time too, but have fun!

00:26:19 The Crystal Caves in Mexico house one of the most unique crystalline formations in the world.

00:26:25 Thanks to the extremely rare conditions that reign in the cave,

00:26:29 the crystals reach phenomenal sizes.

00:26:32 The air is incredibly humid, and the water contains tons of minerals

00:26:36 that stimulate the growth of these giant milky whites.

00:26:40 Some of them are longer than telephone poles.

00:26:43 Cylindrical snowballs occur when a gust of wind

00:26:47 starts to roll snow on a snowy slope, a bit like making a snowball.

00:26:52 But if it were a ball, it would end up being too heavy for the wind to move it.

00:26:57 Except that here, the center of the snowball is hollow.

00:27:00 This happens because its inner layer is too thin

00:27:03 and is carried by the wind as the snowball is formed.

00:27:06 And that makes the object lighter than a snowball.

00:27:09 That's also why they roll further.

00:27:11 Unfortunately, snowballs are rare,

00:27:14 because they need very precise conditions to appear.

00:27:18 The Danakil Depression in Ethiopia is probably one of the weirdest places you'll ever see.

00:27:24 It's made up of hot springs of neon colors, lava pools, and vast salt lakes.

00:27:30 You have to be particularly careful there.

00:27:33 Toxic gases swirl above hydrothermal phenomena,

00:27:36 and many pools are extremely acidic.

00:27:39 So don't go swimming there. Wait at least 30 minutes after lunch.

00:27:44 No, I'm kidding.

00:27:46 And finally, there's nothing mysterious about these 28,000 rubber ducks found in the seas in 1992.

00:27:53 A boat carrying toys for the bath lost its cargo in the ocean

00:27:57 as it was traveling from Hong Kong to the United States.

00:28:00 Some of these ducks still float there several decades later.

00:28:04 They have been spotted in South America, Alaska, Hawaii, and even in Australia.

00:28:09 And they still make the bath time so fun.

00:28:12 Oh, quack quack, little ducks!

00:28:15 You feel a thud coming from below.

00:28:18 No, it's not your belly. It's a deep, disturbing sound.

00:28:21 You open your eyes and see strange lights hanging from the ceiling.

00:28:25 They look like sparkling light balls floating high in the sky.

00:28:29 Your throat becomes dry and you swallow.

00:28:32 These are what we call "lightning lightnings."

00:28:35 This phenomenon is misunderstood, but witnesses claim to have seen it in different ways.

00:28:40 It can appear in the form of light balls, lightnings, snakes, and a constant glow in the sky.

00:28:47 Shortly after, a strong earthquake occurs.

00:28:50 Scientists can't explain why these lights appear.

00:28:53 And they don't always appear.

00:28:55 Some believe it's a reaction of underground gases released into the atmosphere.

00:29:00 Now, an earthquake is starting to occur.

00:29:03 But, fortunately for you, it's not as strong as you expected.

00:29:06 The ground is shaking, but you're still able to keep your balance.

00:29:09 The shaking stops as abruptly as it started, and you go home on foot.

00:29:14 On the way back, you see a flash and hear a whip crack.

00:29:18 The lightning struck an isolated tree near where you were.

00:29:22 The tree caught fire and a column of flames rises to the sky.

00:29:26 Still no rain, and the column rises higher and higher.

00:29:30 Have you heard of a phenomenon called "fire tornado"?

00:29:34 It occurs when the wind is blown into a circle near the ground because of the air pressure difference.

00:29:40 These mini-tornadoes are generally easy to spot.

00:29:43 Small debris, dust, sand, and leaves rise into the air and start flying in a fast circle.

00:29:50 If a source of fire is nearby, the black flame can suck it in and shake it like a whistle.

00:29:57 The flames roll up, rise higher and higher, and eventually create a flaming tower.

00:30:04 Fortunately, fire tornadoes have a very short life span and generally don't cause much damage.

00:30:10 Don't try to hide from the storm under this tree.

00:30:13 You can find this unusual plant in Florida and in some parts of the Caribbean coast.

00:30:18 Externally, it doesn't seem particularly special.

00:30:21 A gray trunk, green leaves, and fruits that look like small apples.

00:30:25 But remember to never pick these apples.

00:30:28 And never stay near the tree, especially if it rains.

00:30:32 Here is the manzanilla, which is considered the most dangerous tree in the world.

00:30:37 Its trunk, bark, branches, and fruits contain a toxic juice.

00:30:42 A single drop of this corrosive liquid can damage your skin.

00:30:47 The tree can secrete this juice, and if you accidentally touch it, you risk burning your hand.

00:30:53 When it rains, drops of water fall on the tree and mix with the poison.

00:30:58 The water can also bounce off the bark and end up on your skin.

00:31:02 That's why you shouldn't stay near it either.

00:31:05 There are almost no other shrubs or mushrooms that grow nearby.

00:31:09 Animals avoid these trees, and people don't cut them or pick their fruits.

00:31:13 You can't make a fire with these branches either.

00:31:16 The burning wood releases a toxic smoke that can damage the eyes.

00:31:20 Locals know this tree well, but tourists and travelers can get hurt accidentally.

00:31:25 That's why most manzanilla trees are painted or have a warning sign.

00:31:31 In the west of Venezuela, the inhabitants who live near the Catatumbo River

00:31:36 are surely not afraid of lightning, because they see them almost every night.

00:31:40 This phenomenon starts around 7 p.m. and continues until dawn.

00:31:44 The Catatumbo storm stopped only once during a few months, from January to March 2010.

00:31:51 It was probably due to drought, or maybe the charge ran out.

00:31:55 In 1991, a scientist suggested that the phenomenon occurred

00:32:00 because of the cold and hot air currents in the region.

00:32:03 According to another theory, the lightning could be due to the presence of uranium in the sea rock.

00:32:08 All lightning does not occur inside the clouds.

00:32:12 There is a rare phenomenon called volcanic storm.

00:32:15 Lightning occurs above a volcano, the most famous of which is in Japan.

00:32:20 It erupts almost every day and spits out black clouds very high in the air.

00:32:24 So we have super scary volcanic clouds and lightning with that.

00:32:29 Ordinary lightning occurs during a storm when ice crystals collide with each other.

00:32:35 During a volcanic storm, ashes collide, creating friction and sparks that illuminate the sky.

00:32:41 In the hottest and driest place on Earth, the Danakil Desert in East Africa,

00:32:47 temperatures often exceed 50 ° C.

00:32:50 This unusual landscape has many active volcanoes and geysers

00:32:55 that spit out toxic gases such as chlorine and sulfur.

00:32:58 The waters of a sparkling green, electric blue and bright yellow

00:33:02 are all rain and sea waters heated by magma.

00:33:06 A false step here can be fatal.

00:33:09 The following phenomenon occurred in June 2009.

00:33:12 Residents of certain regions of Japan left their homes after a strong downpour

00:33:16 to discover fish, frogs and tetras everywhere.

00:33:20 The fields, roads, meadows and roofs were covered with these aquatic creatures.

00:33:26 A man was shocked to see 13 carps on and around his truck.

00:33:30 Apparently, he stopped to count them.

00:33:32 No one knows for sure where this strange rain came from.

00:33:35 But the most popular theory claims that a powerful sea storm picked up all these creatures.

00:33:41 It then transported them into the high atmosphere and released the animals on the farmland

00:33:45 and on the populations without any doubt that were below.

00:33:49 And now, welcome to Lake Abraham in Canada.

00:33:52 It is completely frozen.

00:33:53 You walk on the transparent ice and you look at what is below.

00:33:57 No fish, just mysterious frozen bubbles.

00:34:00 They look like small clouds frozen in the ice or like jellyfish that forgot to take their winter coats.

00:34:06 There are thousands of these small bubbles that are actually made of methane.

00:34:10 But don't try to dig a hole in the ice to touch them.

00:34:13 Methane is very flammable.

00:34:15 It is created by bacteria that eat leaves, grass, insects

00:34:19 or any other organic substance found in the lake.

00:34:23 When methane touches the ice water, it turns into tens of thousands of small frozen bubbles.

00:34:29 When the ice melts, they burst and crack.

00:34:32 Similar lakes are found near certain shores of the Arctic Ocean.

00:34:36 There, the size of the bubbles can reach several times the size of a sea gull.

00:34:41 Magnificent, but not without danger.

00:34:45 The following phenomenon occurs in Indonesia on Java Island.

00:34:49 You arrive in front of a majestic volcano, invaded by grass and trees.

00:34:54 The volcano seems asleep, but the smoke escapes.

00:34:59 You climb to the top, exhausted, tired, sweaty.

00:35:03 You are ready to cool down.

00:35:04 Bravo, you have managed to reach the top.

00:35:07 You look into the mouth of the volcano.

00:35:09 Hmm, no boiling lava, just a magnificent turquoise and luminous lake.

00:35:14 It looks like an oasis.

00:35:15 It's the perfect time for a refreshing swim.

00:35:18 You run and prepare to jump.

00:35:20 But it's not water, it's acid.

00:35:22 Sulfuric gases infiltrate the lake from below the volcano.

00:35:26 The lake itself is full of metals.

00:35:28 When the gases touch them, they form this beautiful turquoise water, or rather this beautiful acid.

00:35:34 It is better to return to the nearest village, rest and return in the evening when it is cooler.

00:35:39 In the dark, the lake seems to shine.

00:35:42 Just above it, you see small luminous clouds exploding.

00:35:46 Sulfuric gases come out of the lake, combine with the air and light up a bright blue.

00:35:51 But don't get too close.

00:35:53 The sea takes a sinister red hue.

00:35:57 And no living being can survive it.

00:35:59 It must be black magic.

00:36:01 In fact, these are tiny algae that spread uncontrollably

00:36:05 and give to the water this specific hue called the red tide.

00:36:09 They contain toxins that destroy marine mammals, birds and turtles, as well as creatures that feed on them.

00:36:16 For humans, the contact is solved by respiratory problems or poisoning.

00:36:20 Sometimes, huge ships sink in the middle of the sea for no apparent reason.

00:36:26 In reality, this is often due to the pockets of bubbles that underwater volcanoes produce even while they sleep.

00:36:32 These magma plants are hidden under 2,600 meters of water.

00:36:36 When they wake up, they act like terrestrial volcanoes and can cause destructive tsunamis.

00:36:43 This tree looks like a bottle.

00:36:45 No wonder it's called the bottle tree.

00:36:48 It grows in Namibia and attracts many tourists.

00:36:51 But don't get too close to it, because it's one of the most dangerous on Earth.

00:36:56 A milky juice flows inside the trunk.

00:36:59 It's highly toxic to the human body.

00:37:01 But the good thing is that these trees have beautiful pink and white leaves with a red heart.

00:37:06 In Western Australia, there is a tree that was once used as a prison.

00:37:11 A cell for criminals has long existed inside the prison tree, Boab.

00:37:16 People were usually kept there temporarily, just for one night.

00:37:20 After that, they were taken to their final destination.

00:37:23 The prison was built more than 1,500 years ago and has been perfectly preserved to this day.

00:37:29 Tourists who visit this place can take a look inside.

00:37:33 In Russia, on the shores of the Baltic Sea, there is an enigmatic national park.

00:37:38 The Dancent Forest is a place that no scientist has managed to explain so far.

00:37:44 The pine trees are all bent and twisted in a loop and in a spiral.

00:37:48 This forest has only existed since the early 1960s,

00:37:51 when trees were planted to make the sand of the dunes of this area more stable.

00:37:56 According to one theory, it is the lack of stability of the soil that would have caused the deformation of the pine trees.

00:38:01 Other theories put these twisted trees on the account of the power of the winds or even of supernatural forces.

00:38:07 According to some, positive and negative energies would converge in the forest, causing these strange shapes.

00:38:13 A local legend says that by passing through the circle of a tree,

00:38:16 you add a year to your life or that you can make a wish.

00:38:19 I like this legend.

00:38:21 And since we are talking about strange trees, there is one that grows in the region of Piedmont, in Italy.

00:38:26 If you travel, you will see a cherry tree that grew at the top of a wall.

00:38:31 And the strangest thing is that both trees are in perfect health.

00:38:34 A permanent storm rages in the north pole of Saturn and its shape is very strange.

00:38:39 It is hexagonal. This is probably due to the wind gradients.

00:38:43 The total length of this cloud configuration is 14,500 km,

00:38:47 which represents about 1,900 km more than the diameter of the Earth.

00:38:52 We have been observing this hexagon for years, but the most mysterious thing is that it changes color.

00:38:57 It was once turquoise and it has recently taken a golden hue.

00:39:01 The reason for this change in color is that the pole is progressively exposed to the sunlight as the seasons change.

00:39:08 Rain is not uncommon in Oakville, in the state of Washington.

00:39:12 But the one that fell one day in the form of frost clouds is still there today, without a precise explanation.

00:39:18 We witnessed this strange rain on an area of about 58 km².

00:39:23 Those who approached it later felt symptoms similar to those of the flu.

00:39:27 So what were these clouds?

00:39:29 Scientists claimed that they contained human white blood cells.

00:39:32 Subsequent tests, however, denied the presence of nucleus characteristic of leukocytes.

00:39:38 Some then said that they could be evaporated jellyfish or even debris from a airline.

00:39:44 The sliding stones, also called moving stones,

00:39:47 move alone in the National Park of the Valley of Death in California,

00:39:51 leaving long tracks in the earth and sand on their way.

00:39:55 Several accelerated sequences have been carried out to testify to the strange phenomenon.

00:40:00 Scientists have even installed GPS navigators on some stones to demonstrate their considerable speed.

00:40:06 According to several researchers, these movements are due to thin layers of ice

00:40:10 that form during the night in the valley and slide the stones before melting during the day.

00:40:16 But maybe someone is just listening to the Rolling Stones in the corner.

00:40:20 No, probably not.

00:40:22 The crater of Batagaika in Siberia looks like the entrance to hell.

00:40:27 It is about 1 km long and more than 86 m deep, but it keeps growing.

00:40:33 The deeper it gets, the more it exposes its underground layers.

00:40:37 These strata reveal what our planet looked like thousands of years ago,

00:40:41 and the depressions tell us about the climates of the past.

00:40:44 The crater appeared in the 1960s during a rapid deforestation.

00:40:49 Trees no longer cast shadows on the ground and the heat increased.

00:40:53 The melt of permafrost then led to the formation of the crater.

00:40:56 The melt of Taos in New Mexico has been driving people crazy since the 1990s.

00:41:04 This low-frequency noise deprives people of sleep and exhaustion.

00:41:11 Scientists have tried to find the source of this melt in wine so far.

00:41:15 Various melts have also been heard in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and other regions of the United States.

00:41:22 Fortunately, only 2% of the world's population can hear them.

00:41:27 Their cause is attributed to mechanical devices, to various disturbances in the auditory system, and even to certain animals.

00:41:33 The swarming of West Seattle, for example, was attributed to toadfish.

00:41:38 The fairy circle, also called the witch's circle or the annular mycelium,

00:41:43 is a mysterious circular formation of mushrooms that appears in the prairies and forest areas.

00:41:48 The reasons why these mushrooms align in this way are the subject of many debates.

00:41:53 According to some superstitions, the fairies, by dancing, would burn the soil,

00:41:57 which would cause a rapid growth of the mushrooms.

00:42:00 In Costa Rica, a set of about 300 megalithic spheres was discovered.

00:42:05 The inhabitants call them "las bolas", which simply means "balls" in French.

00:42:10 These stones are almost perfectly round.

00:42:12 Some of them are huge, weighing up to 16 tons.

00:42:16 In addition, they are made of different materials, such as gabbro, limestone and grey.

00:42:21 They were once placed just in front of the chiefs' residence, but their origin is still unknown.

00:42:26 Some claim that these stones are native to the Atlantic.

00:42:30 Mmm, yeah.

00:42:31 If you go to see the Mekong at the end of October,

00:42:34 you will have the chance to see luminous balls emerge from the water and rise in the air.

00:42:38 The inhabitants of the region call these luminous balls "Nagas fireballs".

00:42:43 The size of the fireballs varies.

00:42:46 These reddish balls can be as small as a spark and as big as a basketball.

00:42:50 There can be dozens, if not thousands, of balls every night.

00:42:53 Scientists have no precise explanation for this phenomenon,

00:42:57 but it could be due to the flammable gas released by the swamp.

00:43:01 Some superstitious inhabitants believe that they are due to a giant snake that lives in the river.

00:43:06 In Minnesota, on the northern shore of Superior Lake,

00:43:09 there is a park, especially known for sheltering the Devil's Kettle.

00:43:14 It is a water fall that separates in two.

00:43:17 A part of the river continues, while the other part disappears into a hole in the ground.

00:43:22 If you throw an object into the Devil's Kettle, it will not reappear.

00:43:26 Scientists still do not know where the water that falls into the hole goes.

00:43:29 The Devil's Kettle is considered dangerous because it is almost impossible to trace the course.

00:43:35 And yes, not the best place to do tubbing.

00:43:38 The Grunions are fish known for their strange mating rituals.

00:43:42 Females come out of the water and climb on the shore.

00:43:45 They sink their tails into the sand to lay eggs.

00:43:48 After fertilization by the males, the eggs remain hidden in the sand.

00:43:51 The high tide arrives and carries the hatchlings to the sea.

00:43:55 Scientists still cannot explain this reproduction method.

00:43:59 The inhabitants of the countryside in central Norway, above the Estalen Valley,

00:44:04 can often see white, yellow and red floating lights crossing the sky.

00:44:09 These lights appear day and night, and in the 1980s,

00:44:13 they were even seen between 15 and 20 times in a single week.

00:44:17 The lights of Estalen can last a few seconds and sometimes more than an hour.

00:44:22 The lights move, seem to float or even swing.

00:44:25 Some scientists think it is the ionized iron dust that is at the origin of these lights.

00:44:30 Others say that the phenomenon is due to a combustion of sodium, oxygen and hydrogen.

00:44:35 But most people think it's just a plane.

00:44:38 Yellowstone Park has a famous boiling lake,

00:44:42 but it is not the only place in the world where the water is naturally boiling.

00:44:46 At the bottom of the Amazon is the Chaney-Timpishka River,

00:44:50 6.5 km long and hot all the time.

00:44:53 Its name means "boiled by the sun".

00:44:56 In fact, it is not really boiling, but it can reach 91 ° C,

00:45:01 enough to cook pasta.

00:45:03 Shall we try?

00:45:04 The lowest temperature is about 45 ° C.

00:45:08 This phenomenon is inexplicable,

00:45:10 given that the river should be near a volcano

00:45:13 for the water to reach such a temperature.

00:45:15 But the closest volcano is 640 km away.

00:45:20 Another possibility, an underground fault.

00:45:23 In the west of Venezuela, people living near the Catatumbo river

00:45:27 are not afraid of the lightning, because they see it almost every night.

00:45:30 It starts around 7 p.m. and does not stop before dawn.

00:45:34 The eternal lightning of the Catatumbo stopped once for a few months,

00:45:38 from January to March 2010.

00:45:40 It was probably due to drought, or maybe there was no more electricity.

00:45:45 In 1991, a scientist suggested that the phenomenon occurred

00:45:49 because of the meeting of cold and hot air currents in the region.

00:45:53 According to another theory, the lightning could be due to the presence of uranium in the rock substrate.

00:45:58 Speaking of lightning, I have to go, bye!

00:46:01 The Richat structure is a gigantic formation in the middle of the Sahara,

00:46:07 and which looks like a large target of arrows.

00:46:11 It is so large that we can see it from space.

00:46:14 Even the CIA is interested in it.

00:46:16 In 1965, they had planned to fly over it,

00:46:20 in search of geomagnetic anomalies.

00:46:23 The results are still classified today.

00:46:26 Maybe the rumors are true,

00:46:28 and that this place is really the lost city of Atlantis.

00:46:32 We suppose that Atlantis would have sunk under the waves.

00:46:35 But recent discoveries lead us in a different direction.

00:46:39 It is an ancient story that goes back a long time,

00:46:42 and Plato was the first to mention it.

00:46:45 The place had a luxurious vegetation and a singular structure.

00:46:49 Three concentric circles of earth surrounding two circles of water.

00:46:53 Two key quotes from Plato's writings suggest

00:46:55 that Atlantis might not have been an ordinary island in the middle of the ocean.

00:47:00 In addition, Atlantis would have undergone a major influence from Africa and Europe,

00:47:05 which raises the question of the idea that it could have been in the Atlantic.

00:47:09 It turns out that the eye of the Sahara and Atlantis look alike.

00:47:12 When the astronauts saw the eye of the Sahara from space,

00:47:16 they first suspected that it was the impact crater of a meteorite.

00:47:20 But the rings of the structure correspond to the arrangement described for Atlantis.

00:47:25 More importantly, the Sahara has not always been a desert.

00:47:29 It has transformed from a tropical region into an arid desert, about 11,000 years ago.

00:47:35 Researchers have found traces of a huge river, the Tamaracet,

00:47:39 which could have covered an entire community.

00:47:42 It flowed into the structure of Richa, similarly to Plato's description.

00:47:47 The trans-Saharan maritime route crossed the Sahara 50 to 100 million years ago.

00:47:52 And it is claimed that the sea destroyed Atlantis about 11,500 years ago.

00:47:58 Probably due to a rapid rise in sea level caused by the end of the ice age.

00:48:04 NASA's satellite imagery shows patterns that agree with this theory.

00:48:09 These concentric circles could be the key to revealing the secrets of the evolution of our planet over millions of years.

00:48:17 They were shaped by the erosion of several layers of resistant rocks,

00:48:22 creating a strange pattern made of ridges and ravines.

00:48:25 The main peak stands proudly 400 meters high.

00:48:29 The central part has undergone a significant transformation due to erosion,

00:48:33 developing a circular structure with a high peak.

00:48:36 Unlike the impact crater, the Sahara eye presents a striking symmetry and balance.

00:48:42 Some say that this would result from the lifting of the rocks, sculpted by the wind and water.

00:48:47 Others think it would be an ancient anticlinal, eroded until it revealed this concentric shape.

00:48:53 Then there is the theory of the salt dome, suggesting that it is the flotation of the salt that would have sculpted this wonder.

00:49:01 Dating techniques have shown that it was formed 252 to 541 million years ago,

00:49:07 more or less one million years ago.

00:49:09 Ancient artifacts are scattered around the outer rings of the structure, near the dry river bed.

00:49:16 Some tools made of older stones have also been found in the same area.

00:49:22 And yet, even if some neolithic spearhead points have been found there,

00:49:27 there are not many signs that people lived there at the time.

00:49:30 The region seems to have been exploited for short-term activities such as hunting or tool making.

00:49:37 There are other supernatural mysteries that haunt our world.

00:49:40 One of these enigmas is in Norway.

00:49:43 The sinister phenomenon of the Dæsdalen lights, also known as the "Lights Valley",

00:49:49 leaves scientists perplexed.

00:49:51 This valley is 15 km wide.

00:49:55 It is quite remote, but a strange blue box is located at the top of the hill,

00:50:00 equipped with cameras that scrutinize the valley upside down.

00:50:03 The disturbing saga began in the 1980s, when the night sky above Dæsdalen

00:50:10 separated from incandescent fireballs.

00:50:13 A recurring spectacle that shocked everyone who saw it.

00:50:17 It was not an ephemeral phenomenon.

00:50:20 On the contrary, it occurred very regularly.

00:50:23 Terrified, the inhabitants reported inexplicable light phenomena,

00:50:29 some of which would be a product near their homes.

00:50:32 Fear spread like a powder keg.

00:50:36 At its peak, there were about 20 appearances each week.

00:50:40 The phenomenon made its way in newspapers, magazines and the media around the world.

00:50:45 Very quickly, people flooded the valley, hoping to see these lights for themselves.

00:50:51 In 1984, experts gathered at the hill,

00:50:55 armed with sophisticated instruments such as magnetometers, radiometers and many other things.

00:51:02 What they observed was staggering.

00:51:04 These lights challenged any explanation.

00:51:07 Some moved at a calm pace,

00:51:09 while others crossed the sky at a lightning speed of 30,000 km / h.

00:51:15 People tried to explain them.

00:51:18 Airplane, distant reflection, lightning bolt, satellite, planet, meteor.

00:51:25 But the speed and the way these lights danced, eclipsed all these theories.

00:51:30 We are slowly approaching another mysterious place.

00:51:33 It is the largest subglacial lake among the 675 lakes known in Antarctica.

00:51:38 It could easily house unknown life forms.

00:51:41 This lake is located under the Atlantic Ocean, East Antarctica.

00:51:44 If you dive about 4 km under the ice, you will see Lake Vostok,

00:51:49 located 2 cm below sea level.

00:51:52 This lake is 2 cm long, 50 km, and 50 km wide.

00:51:58 At its widest point, with a depth of an average of 430 m,

00:52:04 it is also the 6th largest lake in the world in terms of volume.

00:52:08 It looks like an underwater city, with high pillars and deep basins.

00:52:13 This secret lake was discovered in 1993.

00:52:17 However, it was expected to be discovered for more than 2000 years,

00:52:21 keeping all its secrets.

00:52:23 In 2012, scientists drilled the ice,

00:52:27 taking the longest ice cube in history.

00:52:30 They crossed the frozen calotte to the surface of the lake.

00:52:33 The year 2013 brought an unexpected rebound.

00:52:37 When these calm waters arose during the extraction of an ice cube.

00:52:41 They mixed with the drilling fluids.

00:52:44 Then, they finally obtained a sample of pure water in 2015.

00:52:48 Some think that there could be unknown life forms there,

00:52:52 because it is a reservoir of fossil water that has not been touched for millions of years.

00:52:57 It could look a lot like these oceans covered with ice

00:53:01 that we suspect existed on moons like Europe and Enceladus.

00:53:04 It all started with a 19th century theory,

00:53:07 suggesting that soft water would be hidden under the ice caps of Antarctica.

00:53:12 Then, in 1959, seismic surveys revealed the existence of an underground lake.

00:53:20 And in the 90s, satellite data confirmed the existence of Lake Vostok.

00:53:26 It is not the only one.

00:53:28 In 2005, an island was discovered in the middle of the lake.

00:53:32 Then, two smaller lakes joined the party.

00:53:35 It is suspected that a secret network of rivers under the ice could have connected these lakes.

00:53:41 Very far from Antarctica, in Venezuela,

00:53:43 the Catatumbo lightning offers a stunning light show

00:53:46 to the confluence of the Catatumbo river and Lake Maracaibo.

00:53:50 This disturbing electrical phenomenon occurs between 140 and 160 nights per year,

00:53:55 for 10 hours a day,

00:53:57 and can release up to 280 lightning bolts in one hour.

00:54:02 The frequency of this lightning show changes with the seasons and year after year.

00:54:07 It took a break from January to March 2010,

00:54:11 which caused concern that it could disappear forever.

00:54:14 At sunset, the east winds begin to gain intensity.

00:54:18 This strong wind is called a low altitude night breeze,

00:54:21 like what can be seen in the Great Plains of North America.

00:54:25 These winds bring humidity,

00:54:27 mainly from the Caribbean and the lake itself.

00:54:31 This humid air is against the high peaks of the mountain range,

00:54:35 causing the creation of storms on the mountains.

00:54:38 Thanks to the consistency of these winds,

00:54:40 other storms appear as the night progresses.

00:54:44 This pattern repeats.

00:54:46 This is why this region has the highest annual rate of lightning in the world.

00:54:51 The next place that scientists are unable to explain is in China.

00:54:56 These are Longyue caves.

00:54:58 They have high and inclined vaults and robust pillars.

00:55:02 The place has been hidden for centuries.

00:55:05 These caves, created by man, dug about 2,000 years ago,

00:55:09 decided to reveal themselves only in the 90s.

00:55:12 Local farmers drained the ponds and revealed 5 massive caves.

00:55:17 Additional excavations exposed 19 other smaller caves.

00:55:21 They ranged from 20 to 35 meters wide for 10 to 20 meters high.

00:55:25 Archaeologists found ancient relics there,

00:55:28 dating from the reign of Emperor Han Suan Di,

00:55:31 dating back more than 2,000 years.

00:55:33 How did these caves survive for more than 2,000 years without collapsing?

00:55:38 No written trace explains the way they were designed.

00:55:42 The walls have burin marks,

00:55:44 suggesting a layer-after-layer sculptural activity.

00:55:48 But the exact construction process remains a puzzle.

00:55:54 Are you a brave swimmer who can dive in any ocean or sea?

00:55:59 Bad news!

00:56:00 There are places you'd better avoid, even if you can swim or dive.

00:56:04 Some of these places have dangerous underwater reefs,

00:56:07 powerful tides and currents.

00:56:09 Others are famous for their mysterious creatures and monsters.

00:56:14 Let's dive into this panorama of aquatic horrors.

00:56:17 Have you heard of the term "strid"?

00:56:19 It's a variant of the word "stride",

00:56:21 used in the Yorkshire dialect,

00:56:23 and refers to a narrow section of the Wharf River.

00:56:26 It's so small you could probably trip over it.

00:56:29 But don't let it fool you.

00:56:31 It's one of the most dangerous places in the area,

00:56:34 and a simple step in the water can have disastrous consequences.

00:56:37 The Wharf has a powerful current,

00:56:39 and as the strid is so narrow, it's even stronger in this area.

00:56:43 The intense water flow eroded the limestone around it,

00:56:47 creating deeper hollow spaces than the rest of the riverbed.

00:56:51 And here's the secret.

00:56:54 The current also weakened the strid's banks below.

00:56:57 So the ground you're standing on,

00:57:00 if you look at this rapid flow,

00:57:02 is probably just a fragile edge suspended above very steep water.

00:57:05 There's no trace of anyone who's found themselves in the strid's waters,

00:57:09 and who managed to escape.

00:57:11 And the worst part?

00:57:12 You'd never guess that this innocent-looking stream

00:57:15 could represent such a danger.

00:57:17 So we suggest you stick to a safer water plan for your water escapes.

00:57:22 If you're looking to escape the time of a weekend in California,

00:57:28 Horseshoe Lake is the place for you.

00:57:30 It has everything for you.

00:57:31 Sand beaches, hiking trails, and picnic areas.

00:57:34 But wait, there's something else beyond the looks.

00:57:37 This lake has a dark side,

00:57:39 which is the 40 hectares of dead trees that surround it.

00:57:42 And it's not just the trees that have been affected by this lake.

00:57:45 The earthquakes that occurred between 1989 and 1990

00:57:49 released carbon dioxide trapped in the magma.

00:57:52 This gas infiltrated the air,

00:57:54 engulfing all life around the lake.

00:57:56 To this day, Horseshoe Lake is just as dangerous as it was 30 years ago.

00:58:01 What makes it so scary is that the toxic levels of this gas

00:58:05 change unpredictably.

00:58:07 The warning signs that are all over the place

00:58:11 could certainly give a scary touch to this fun wild hike.

00:58:15 In Kauai, in the Hawaii archipelago,

00:58:19 is a group of breathtaking waterfalls

00:58:21 that used to be a popular destination for tourists.

00:58:24 The Kipu Falls, as they are called,

00:58:26 used to be a privileged place for swimming and diving.

00:58:29 To get there, you had to walk a long walk along a dirt path

00:58:32 to finally reach a waterfall that was 6 meters high

00:58:36 and that flowed into a crystal clear water basin.

00:58:40 Since 2011, this area has been closed to the public.

00:58:43 Why?

00:58:46 Well, many accidents have occurred at the Kipu Falls.

00:58:49 Of course, jumping from the top of the waterfall

00:58:51 would be the most obvious cause.

00:58:53 But there are much more mysterious cases.

00:58:56 Witnesses say that swimmers peacefully enjoyed the water at the bottom of the falls

00:59:02 before being suddenly sucked under the surface.

00:59:05 No precise explanation has ever been found for these accidents.

00:59:10 Locals believe that the Moho aquatic spirit is to be blamed

00:59:13 because it did not want to be disturbed by noisy tourists.

00:59:16 There is also a theory about a powerful whirlwind coming from the bottom of the basin.

00:59:21 Anyway, the tour guides no longer mention the Kipu Falls

00:59:24 and the intrusions there are severely reprimanded.

00:59:27 The Samae San hole, located in the Gulf of Thailand,

00:59:33 seems to be the ideal place for divers looking for strong sensations.

00:59:36 But it is also the most dangerous.

00:59:38 With an abyss of 85 meters,

00:59:40 it is the deepest diving site in the region.

00:59:43 But its depth is not the only reason

00:59:45 why it is considered a place to avoid.

00:59:47 It is an important navigation crossroads for giant oil workers

00:59:51 and the powerful currents around the hole

00:59:53 make diving even more treacherous.

00:59:55 And as if that were not enough,

00:59:58 the Samae San hole also houses ferocious barracudas

01:00:01 who could easily take on divers without fear.

01:00:04 The water is so turbulent there that visibility is limited.

01:00:07 This makes it difficult to spot these aggressive marine creatures.

01:00:10 In short, the Samae San hole is a breathtaking place,

01:00:14 but extremely dangerous

01:00:16 and should only be explored by experienced steel-nosed divers.

01:00:20 So let us tell you about New Smyrna Beach,

01:00:24 the world's capital of shark attacks.

01:00:26 If you are looking for a relaxing holiday spot

01:00:29 in the Volusia County in Florida,

01:00:31 you might want to think twice.

01:00:34 The waters around New Smyrna Beach are full of fish,

01:00:37 which attracts a lot of squalls.

01:00:39 In fact, there have been so many shark attacks in this region

01:00:43 that it has earned its title of shark attack capital.

01:00:47 Researchers themselves have warned that anyone who goes to swim there

01:00:52 would certainly find themselves in close contact with at least one of them.

01:00:55 We are talking about a distance of 3 meters at most,

01:00:59 and in many cases you would not even realize it.

01:01:02 To make matters worse, the Bulldog shark,

01:01:04 one of the most dangerous and aggressive types of shark,

01:01:07 has been spotted in these waters.

01:01:09 Kauai is once again on our list.

01:01:13 A beach on the coast of Napali called Anakapiai Beach

01:01:17 may look like heaven on earth in many ways,

01:01:20 but you are not mistaken.

01:01:22 To get there, you will have to climb an extremely steep rocky path

01:01:25 over more than 3 kilometers.

01:01:27 There are no lifeguards on this beach,

01:01:30 so if you decide to dive in the water,

01:01:32 you will be delivered to yourself.

01:01:34 The biggest threat to your safety

01:01:38 are the incredibly strong currents.

01:01:40 They are almost always present,

01:01:42 because there is no reef that protects this shore.

01:01:44 And if someone is caught in one of these currents,

01:01:47 there is no safe place to swim,

01:01:49 a few kilometers around.

01:01:51 The closest beach is 10 kilometers away.

01:01:53 Believe us, Anakapiai Beach is far from being the safest.

01:01:57 It is therefore highly recommended to stay out of the water

01:02:00 if you ever come to this beach.

01:02:02 Let us now tell you about a place

01:02:06 that seems straight out of a horror movie.

01:02:08 This is Berkeley Pit,

01:02:10 an artificial lake located in Butte, Montana.

01:02:13 The first thing you will notice about this place

01:02:17 is its disturbing red color,

01:02:19 which tends to make you uncomfortable.

01:02:21 You may have tried to go swimming there,

01:02:24 but you will not be able to.

01:02:26 You will not even touch it.

01:02:28 This water is incredibly dangerous

01:02:30 because of the heavy metals present in it,

01:02:32 such as cadmium, arsenic, zinc, lead and copper.

01:02:35 They come from the rocks surrounding the lake

01:02:38 and make this water extremely acidic.

01:02:40 This place used to be an open-air copper mine,

01:02:44 which explains its color.

01:02:46 So if you want our advice,

01:02:48 avoid this place, like the plague.

01:02:52 There are three lakes in Africa

01:02:54 that are perhaps the most dangerous places

01:02:56 of all those we have mentioned so far.

01:02:58 The Monoun Lakes,

01:03:00 and Nios in Cameroon,

01:03:02 and Kivu Lake in Rwanda

01:03:04 are like delay bombs ready to explode.

01:03:06 They formed above underground deposits

01:03:09 of melting rocks.

01:03:11 And sometimes, these rocks release toxic gases,

01:03:13 such as methane and carbon dioxide,

01:03:15 directly into the water.

01:03:17 This is the reason why

01:03:19 these gases can accumulate

01:03:21 and suddenly gush out of the water,

01:03:23 creating powerful waves

01:03:25 capable of destroying everything

01:03:27 that is in their way.

01:03:29 This type of eruption is known

01:03:31 as the limnic eruption,

01:03:33 and it is likely to release

01:03:35 a toxic gas cloud

01:03:37 that can be harmful

01:03:39 to everything nearby.

01:03:41 The most terrifying thing is that

01:03:43 these explosions can occur at any time

01:03:45 and without any precursor sign.

01:03:47 So if you ever find yourself

01:03:49 near one of these lakes,

01:03:51 you better be on your guard

01:03:53 because you never know

01:03:55 when the next one might occur.

01:03:57 Maybe you know other places

01:03:59 that you would not recommend

01:04:01 for a relaxing swim.

01:04:03 Do not hesitate to share

01:04:05 your thoughts in the comments below.

01:04:07 The Baltic Sea Anomaly

01:04:09 In 2011, a diving team

01:04:11 went all the way down

01:04:13 to the north of the Baltic Sea.

01:04:15 They discovered a rather strange object.

01:04:17 They took pictures

01:04:19 and shared them.

01:04:21 Some people thought

01:04:23 it was a spaceship

01:04:25 of an unknown civilization.

01:04:27 Others thought

01:04:29 that a natural phenomenon

01:04:31 had formed this object.

01:04:33 But the metals inside the structure

01:04:35 could not have been formed naturally.

01:04:37 Today, some scientists

01:04:39 think it is an object

01:04:41 from the Ice Age.

01:04:43 A maelstrom is a whirlwind,

01:04:45 a kind of powerful rotating current

01:04:47 that forms when two currents

01:04:49 meet, creating a circular vortex.

01:04:51 Even the intrepid Vikings

01:04:53 were afraid of maelstroms.

01:04:55 Their power was such

01:04:57 that they could make

01:04:59 very large ships sink.

01:05:01 These whirlwinds are still dangerous

01:05:03 today, but fortunately,

01:05:05 the great modern ships

01:05:07 are no longer afraid of anything.

01:05:09 They are now able to resist

01:05:11 the forces of the maelstrom.

01:05:13 However, a ship

01:05:15 that crosses the path of a maelstrom

01:05:17 will generally be exposed

01:05:19 to such massive waves

01:05:21 that it will be violently shaken.

01:05:23 The strength of some maelstroms

01:05:25 is so formidable

01:05:27 that they are sometimes compared

01:05:29 to black holes.

01:05:31 And no, black holes

01:05:33 do not only belong to the interstellar space.

01:05:35 They are found here,

01:05:37 on our planet,

01:05:39 and nothing they capture

01:05:41 can escape them.

01:05:43 These underwater black holes

01:05:45 can reach up to 150 km in diameter.

01:05:47 If you were caught in one of them,

01:05:49 you probably wouldn't even realize it.

01:05:51 Their influence extends far beyond

01:05:53 what can be detected.

01:05:55 Because of their size,

01:05:57 they even escape the most modern equipment.

01:05:59 Here is something more relaxing.

01:06:01 The next time you go to the beach,

01:06:03 open your eyes wide

01:06:05 and you may see this optical phenomenon

01:06:07 called the green flash.

01:06:09 You can see it a little after sunset

01:06:11 or just before sunrise.

01:06:13 It occurs when the sun is

01:06:15 almost completely below the horizon

01:06:17 but its upper edge is still visible.

01:06:19 For one or two seconds,

01:06:23 the solar current will seem green to you.

01:06:25 Because in reality,

01:06:27 you will observe the sun through the thickest parts

01:06:29 of the atmosphere,

01:06:31 at the bottom of the sky.

01:06:33 While it descends below the horizon,

01:06:35 the sun will be in the middle of the atmosphere

01:06:37 where it curves and disperses.

01:06:39 Choose a clear day,

01:06:41 without clouds or mist on the horizon

01:06:43 and you will be able to observe this phenomenon.

01:06:45 You were impatient to swim

01:06:47 but when you arrive at the beach,

01:06:49 you see that the ocean is red.

01:06:51 It is better to avoid making a storm.

01:06:53 Florida is famous for its red tides.

01:06:55 This occurs when the concentration

01:06:57 of the Karenia brevis algae

01:06:59 is higher than normal.

01:07:01 Most of the algae in the sea,

01:07:03 rivers and lakes

01:07:05 are harmless to animals and humans.

01:07:07 They even help us.

01:07:09 They are a great source of oxygen.

01:07:11 But some,

01:07:13 like the one that gives this red tint to the ocean,

01:07:15 can be extremely dangerous

01:07:17 to aquatic fauna,

01:07:19 sea turtles, fish and marine birds.

01:07:21 This type of algae

01:07:23 can develop uncontrollably

01:07:25 and produce very harmful neurotoxins

01:07:27 for humans,

01:07:29 especially for those who have respiratory problems.

01:07:31 These people must avoid

01:07:33 areas of red tides,

01:07:35 especially when strong winds

01:07:37 push the algae to the shore.

01:07:39 Volcanoes can emit toxic gases,

01:07:41 ash and a reddish lava.

01:07:43 These dangers have been well known

01:07:45 to humans for centuries.

01:07:47 But underwater volcanoes

01:07:49 can also be dangerous.

01:07:51 Sometimes, those located

01:07:53 in shallow waters

01:07:55 reveal their presence by projecting

01:07:57 debris of rocks and steam

01:07:59 on the surface.

01:08:01 Because of the presence of water,

01:08:03 their effects are different

01:08:05 from those found on land.

01:08:07 When they erupt,

01:08:09 sea water can penetrate their events.

01:08:11 The lava can spread

01:08:13 on the ocean floor,

01:08:15 sometimes even spilling

01:08:17 from terrestrial volcanoes.

01:08:19 When it enters the water,

01:08:21 it cools down so quickly

01:08:23 that it can turn into gravel and sand.

01:08:25 There are large amounts of volcanic debris

01:08:27 in these areas.

01:08:29 Have you ever seen these strange

01:08:31 black sand beaches in Hawaii?

01:08:33 They are the result of this activity.

01:08:35 Lava and powerful eruptions

01:08:37 are obvious dangers.

01:08:39 But underwater volcanoes,

01:08:41 in deep waters,

01:08:43 are just as dangerous.

01:08:45 Even when they don't erupt,

01:08:47 they produce air pockets.

01:08:49 These bubbles reduce the density

01:08:51 of the surrounding waters,

01:08:53 which can even cause shipwrecks.

01:08:55 When you are in the ocean,

01:08:57 you won't know what to expect.

01:08:59 You won't see these air pockets

01:09:01 that can even unbalance large ships.

01:09:03 And without warning.

01:09:05 Cross-sea is a rare phenomenon,

01:09:07 beautiful to observe,

01:09:09 but also very dangerous.

01:09:11 It's when you see square waves.

01:09:13 They are quite common

01:09:15 in the shallow areas of the ocean.

01:09:17 You can observe this phenomenon

01:09:19 near the island of Ré

01:09:21 or from the beaches of Tel Aviv,

01:09:23 or in many other areas of the world.

01:09:25 This happens when two waves

01:09:27 propagate in two different directions

01:09:29 and cross each other.

01:09:31 They then form a pattern in a grid.

01:09:33 This usually happens

01:09:35 after a atmospheric front.

01:09:37 And this sea state

01:09:39 is structured in a large number

01:09:41 of directional flows.

01:09:43 These waves can be dangerous

01:09:45 for swimmers and divers.

01:09:47 The waves produced by

01:09:49 strong ocean currents

01:09:51 are up to 3 meters high.

01:09:53 They are sometimes called

01:09:55 "white walls".

01:09:57 Their power is such

01:09:59 that they can sink large ships.

01:10:01 If you fill a glass with sea water

01:10:03 and look closely,

01:10:05 you will see

01:10:07 quantities of very small particles.

01:10:09 Sea water contains

01:10:11 dissolved salts, fats,

01:10:13 algae, proteins,

01:10:15 and other artificial and organic

01:10:17 matter debris.

01:10:19 If you shake the glass,

01:10:21 tiny bubbles will appear on the surface.

01:10:23 This is how sea foam forms

01:10:25 when waves and winds

01:10:27 shake the ocean.

01:10:29 When sea foam is thick,

01:10:31 it can be due to a large concentration of algae.

01:10:33 When algae disintegrate in the sea,

01:10:35 their matter often drifts

01:10:37 to the shores.

01:10:39 In general, sea foam

01:10:41 is not dangerous for humans.

01:10:43 But when it contains decomposed algae,

01:10:45 it can be harmful

01:10:47 to the environment.

01:10:49 It can happen that air pockets burst

01:10:51 and release toxins.

01:10:53 This can cause irritation

01:10:55 to the eyes and other health problems.

01:10:57 Square masses occur in the mouth

01:11:01 and the lower part of

01:11:03 some streams.

01:11:05 A strong tide meets the current

01:11:07 and pushes the river back.

01:11:09 Square masses are part of

01:11:11 the hydraulic spring category,

01:11:13 a sudden change in water level.

01:11:15 This is a positive push,

01:11:17 which means that the wave

01:11:19 pushes the river back,

01:11:21 making its mass much larger.

01:11:23 A negative tide is when

01:11:25 the water level suddenly becomes

01:11:27 very shallow.

01:11:29 You won't see square masses everywhere.

01:11:31 The river must be shallow

01:11:33 and its mouth must be narrow.

01:11:35 The area where the sea meets the river

01:11:37 must be flat and wide.

01:11:39 In addition, the area between

01:11:41 the low tide and the high tide

01:11:43 must be wide.

01:11:45 Of course, there are some exceptions,

01:11:47 like the Amazon,

01:11:49 the largest river in the world.

01:11:51 The mouth of the Amazon

01:11:53 is not narrow,

01:11:55 but it still produces square masses.

01:11:57 Its mouth is shallow

01:11:59 and has many sand banks

01:12:01 and other low islands.

01:12:03 This square mass is the reason

01:12:05 why the Amazon does not

01:12:07 have a real delta.

01:12:09 The Atlantic Ocean quickly

01:12:11 changes its shape.

01:12:13 The square masses are often

01:12:15 unpredictable and can be

01:12:17 extremely violent.

01:12:19 Sometimes the water of the river

01:12:21 changes from a greenish or blue

01:12:23 to a brownish color.

01:12:25 It can damage the vegetation

01:12:27 and even tear down trees.

01:12:29 So leisure sports like

01:12:31 kayaking and surfing

01:12:33 can be dangerous in these areas.

01:12:35 But if you just want to observe

01:12:37 a square mass a little closer,

01:12:39 you can.

01:12:41 Something interesting

01:12:43 has recently happened

01:12:45 in the South Dakota.

01:12:47 It was everywhere on the Internet,

01:12:49 so maybe you've heard about it.

01:12:51 In July 2022, the sky of this state

01:12:53 suddenly turned green.

01:12:55 What happened exactly?

01:12:57 Was it caused by humans

01:12:59 or by nature?

01:13:01 Let's find out.

01:13:03 Tuesday, July 5, 2022.

01:13:05 Shortly after a strong storm,

01:13:07 the sky of the South Dakota

01:13:09 was still covered.

01:13:11 Residents ended up leaving their homes

01:13:13 and saw that the sky had turned

01:13:15 an intense dark green.

01:13:17 They had never seen anything

01:13:19 like it before.

01:13:21 They said they felt like

01:13:23 they were in a science fiction movie.

01:13:25 Unsurprisingly, residents

01:13:29 immediately started spreading the news

01:13:31 on all social networks.

01:13:33 They shared their beautiful

01:13:35 but strange photos on Twitter.

01:13:37 They showed the sky above

01:13:39 Sioux Falls and a few other cities.

01:13:41 Even if it may look like something

01:13:45 supernatural, it's not

01:13:47 a terrifying phenomenon at all.

01:13:49 It's a simple game between

01:13:51 light and atmosphere.

01:13:53 But such a phenomenon happens

01:13:55 quite rarely and usually means

01:13:57 that very bad weather is approaching.

01:13:59 And that was the case

01:14:01 in the South Dakota.

01:14:03 Just before people started

01:14:05 sharing their photos, a storm

01:14:07 swept through the city of Sioux Falls.

01:14:09 This was confirmed by the

01:14:11 American Meteorological Service.

01:14:13 This hurricane was terrible.

01:14:15 The wind speed was about 160 km/h.

01:14:17 According to the Beaufort scale,

01:14:19 measuring the speed of the winds,

01:14:21 it is the fastest and most destructive

01:14:23 storm. There are only 12 levels

01:14:25 on this scale. And if the wind speed

01:14:27 exceeds 117 km/h,

01:14:29 it means that we have reached the maximum level.

01:14:31 Why didn't it make the news?

01:14:33 Because it's quite common

01:14:35 in this region.

01:14:37 Storms occur

01:14:39 very often in the United States,

01:14:41 especially during the hottest months.

01:14:43 And a storm out of 10

01:14:45 can become something more serious

01:14:47 like a tornado.

01:14:49 This one was no exception.

01:14:51 It was the famous derecho.

01:14:53 The derecho is very common

01:14:57 and long-lasting. It's actually

01:14:59 the combination of a group of violent storms

01:15:01 moving quickly

01:15:03 and rain.

01:15:05 People often say that a derecho

01:15:07 is as strong as a tornado.

01:15:09 However, there is a difference between the two.

01:15:11 A tornado is a vortex,

01:15:13 a column of air in rotation.

01:15:15 Its diameter is about

01:15:17 150 meters, although it can reach

01:15:19 up to 4 km.

01:15:21 And in this case, it's better

01:15:23 to be far. But the main point

01:15:25 is that tornadoes rotate.

01:15:27 The wind moves very quickly

01:15:29 and in a circular way

01:15:31 around an invisible center.

01:15:33 A derecho is a strong storm

01:15:37 or a system of strong storms

01:15:39 with winds in a straight line.

01:15:41 In other words, it doesn't rotate.

01:15:43 Instead, the derecho

01:15:45 chooses a point somewhere

01:15:47 and just runs there,

01:15:49 like a very motivated marathon runner.

01:15:51 If we compare a derecho

01:15:55 with an ordinary tornado,

01:15:57 the latter has 6 levels of force,

01:15:59 from 65 to 600 km/h,

01:16:01 while a derecho

01:16:03 is a bit like a small tornado

01:16:05 with an average level of 1 or 2.

01:16:07 Usually,

01:16:09 its speed is between 115

01:16:11 and 180 km/h.

01:16:13 And in both cases, they can be accompanied

01:16:17 by violent storms, lightning

01:16:19 and rain. But these are

01:16:21 different phenomena.

01:16:23 A storm becomes a derecho

01:16:25 if the amount of damage it causes

01:16:27 exceeds 385 km/h

01:16:29 and if the wind speed

01:16:31 is at least 95 km/h.

01:16:33 It's quite difficult to predict.

01:16:37 It can even form

01:16:39 in the light of day,

01:16:41 when meteorologists don't predict storms.

01:16:43 And then the winds appear

01:16:45 suddenly. It's so surprising

01:16:47 that they can even seem

01:16:49 explosive. But the National Meteorological Service

01:16:51 tries to warn

01:16:53 the inhabitants at least half an hour

01:16:55 or an hour before it happens,

01:16:57 so that they have time to prepare

01:16:59 and to take shelter.

01:17:01 It wasn't different this time.

01:17:03 The storm swept almost

01:17:05 the entire South Dakota, as well as

01:17:07 the neighboring states of Minnesota and Iowa.

01:17:09 The consequences were quite serious.

01:17:11 More than 30,000 people

01:17:13 were left without electricity.

01:17:15 Fortunately,

01:17:17 no one was injured,

01:17:19 because the inhabitants are used

01:17:21 to hot air.

01:17:23 However, the green sky

01:17:25 is something different.

01:17:27 It became a very unusual

01:17:29 spectacle for the inhabitants.

01:17:31 Everyone wondered why it happened.

01:17:33 Was it a bad omen

01:17:35 or a normal meteorological phenomenon?

01:17:37 To be completely honest,

01:17:39 scientists have no exact explanation.

01:17:41 But although there are

01:17:43 only hypotheses,

01:17:45 they seem rather convincing.

01:17:47 A green sky

01:17:49 is a very rare phenomenon.

01:17:51 Most scientists think it happens

01:17:53 when a powerful storm approaches

01:17:55 the region before sunset

01:17:57 or sunrise.

01:17:59 The sky then turns green in the area.

01:18:01 NBC's meteorologist

01:18:03 Bill Karens,

01:18:05 who himself was confronted

01:18:07 with a similar event, suggests

01:18:09 that the green sky appeared because of

01:18:11 the huge hail that preceded the storm.

01:18:13 First of all,

01:18:15 let's talk about why the sky

01:18:17 is generally blue,

01:18:19 or any other nuance,

01:18:21 depending on one's mood.

01:18:23 The sun carries all the rays

01:18:25 of the spectrum of colors.

01:18:27 It may seem white,

01:18:29 but it actually has all the colors

01:18:31 at the same time.

01:18:33 However, these color waves

01:18:35 all have different lengths.

01:18:37 For example,

01:18:39 blue rays are shorter than others.

01:18:41 They pass through air molecules

01:18:43 and reach us faster.

01:18:45 That's why, in bright weather,

01:18:47 the sky seems blue.

01:18:49 On the other hand,

01:18:53 red and orange waves

01:18:55 are very long

01:18:57 and move more slowly.

01:18:59 They are generally left behind.

01:19:01 But when the sun passes

01:19:03 under the horizon or rises,

01:19:05 the direction of the rays changes

01:19:07 and these waves reach us better.

01:19:09 All this means that,

01:19:11 even if the sunrises and sunsets

01:19:13 seem red and orange,

01:19:15 there are actually

01:19:17 always blue and green waves.

01:19:19 But they must bounce on something

01:19:21 to reach us faster

01:19:23 and become stronger than the red rays.

01:19:25 You know where we're going with this.

01:19:27 This is where water comes in.

01:19:31 Clouds are made up of droplets of water.

01:19:35 When they become big enough

01:19:37 but don't fall yet,

01:19:39 for example because of strong winds,

01:19:41 they affect the behavior of light in the sky.

01:19:43 Violent storms are mainly

01:19:47 made up of water and hail.

01:19:49 But it's water that best reflects

01:19:51 blue and green rays.

01:19:53 That's why the water of rivers

01:19:55 and lakes seems blue-green

01:19:57 when in reality

01:19:59 it's transparent.

01:20:01 So there are a few key factors

01:20:03 that make the sky green.

01:20:05 First of all,

01:20:07 the sun must be at horizon level.

01:20:09 Another factor is that

01:20:11 even if storm clouds are approaching,

01:20:13 they must not completely cover the sky.

01:20:15 There must still be some space

01:20:17 for the sun's rays.

01:20:19 Then,

01:20:21 barely noticeable blue rays

01:20:23 head towards storm clouds,

01:20:25 but are repulsed by water and hail.

01:20:27 By mixing with the red sunset,

01:20:29 they turn into a bright green light.

01:20:31 And this green light

01:20:33 spreads throughout the sky.

01:20:35 That's why in most cases,

01:20:37 when the sky turns green,

01:20:39 people can only see it in the evening.

01:20:41 This can possibly happen

01:20:43 in the middle of the day,

01:20:45 but it's very rare,

01:20:47 because the conditions are very specific.

01:20:49 Anyway,

01:20:53 if you see a green sky,

01:20:55 don't panic.

01:20:57 This doesn't necessarily mean

01:20:59 that a terrible storm is approaching.

01:21:01 The probability is high,

01:21:03 but it's not an absolute rule.

01:21:05 It can simply be a heavy rain,

01:21:07 or a strong hail.

01:21:09 In other words,

01:21:11 if you see a green sky,

01:21:13 you'd better take shelter,

01:21:15 and put your car in the shade.

01:21:17 But if you're lucky enough

01:21:19 to be able to admire a beautiful green sky

01:21:21 from your home,

01:21:23 take advantage of it,

01:21:25 because you'll have the chance

01:21:27 to experience something very rare.

01:21:29 Some people have said

01:21:31 that the most beautiful things

01:21:33 in the world are the birds.

01:21:35 You relax on the beach

01:21:37 when you suddenly notice

01:21:39 a huge flock of birds.

01:21:41 They're very excited

01:21:43 about something near the water.

01:21:45 You want to go and see

01:21:47 what's going on over there.

01:21:49 Here's a tip.

01:21:51 Go back to your seat

01:21:53 and stay away from the water.

01:21:55 I understand,

01:21:57 you think you're strong enough

01:21:59 to go back to your seat.

01:22:01 But you're not.

01:22:03 Birds are the basis

01:22:05 of many diets

01:22:07 in the animal kingdom,

01:22:09 whether above or below the ocean.

01:22:11 Tuna, squid and octopus,

01:22:13 as well as marine mammals

01:22:15 like seals,

01:22:17 feed on a wide variety

01:22:19 of small fish.

01:22:21 They particularly like

01:22:23 species such as the tassergal

01:22:25 and the striped bass.

01:22:27 They can reach up to 6 metres long.

01:22:29 That's three times the size

01:22:31 of an average human.

01:22:33 These are the size references

01:22:35 of a great white shark.

01:22:37 If there are fish in the harbour,

01:22:39 they can go back to the surface

01:22:41 of the ocean to feed.

01:22:43 The great white shark

01:22:45 has the strongest bite force

01:22:47 of all animals.

01:22:49 The only other animal

01:22:51 that comes close

01:22:53 is the saltwater crocodile.

01:22:55 Its bite force is very strong.

01:22:57 Scientists think

01:22:59 it's 100 times stronger

01:23:01 than a human.

01:23:03 It doesn't even use the nostrils

01:23:05 under its nose to breathe.

01:23:07 It only serves as a competition

01:23:09 for the best sniffer.

01:23:11 Fortunately, we're not

01:23:13 the shark's favourite meal.

01:23:15 And the creature doesn't do

01:23:17 everything it can to hunt us.

01:23:19 Hunters say the chances

01:23:21 of being attacked by a shark

01:23:23 are very slim.

01:23:25 When unfortunate encounters

01:23:27 between humans and sharks occur,

01:23:29 a shark can confuse a human

01:23:31 with a seal or a large striped bass.

01:23:33 That's why you should stay

01:23:35 away from these birds and fish

01:23:37 and let the animals live.

01:23:39 You should just focus

01:23:41 on your tan in your long chair.

01:23:43 So I guess that means

01:23:45 that sharks have a bad vision.

01:23:47 Not exactly.

01:23:49 Their vision in the clear water

01:23:51 is similar to that of humans

01:23:53 swimming in the same environment.

01:23:55 The structure of a shark's eye

01:23:57 is quite similar to that of our eye.

01:23:59 It's made up of a cornea,

01:24:01 a crystalline, a retina,

01:24:03 a deep blue iris and a pupil.

01:24:05 Their eyes have two types

01:24:07 of photoreceptors,

01:24:09 the batons, responsible

01:24:11 for low-light vision,

01:24:13 and the cones, more active

01:24:15 at higher light levels,

01:24:17 able to see colours,

01:24:19 which means that they probably

01:24:21 don't have a colour vision like humans.

01:24:23 That could explain why

01:24:25 they can sometimes confuse humans

01:24:27 with other creatures.

01:24:29 But who is really focused

01:24:31 when he's about to eat his dinner?

01:24:33 Shark eyes also have a lucidum tapetum.

01:24:35 It's a layer of mirror crystals

01:24:37 behind the shark's retina.

01:24:39 These crystals allow sharks

01:24:41 to see perfectly well

01:24:43 in extremely low light

01:24:45 and in troubled waters.

01:24:47 The crystals reflect the incoming light,

01:24:49 which gives the retina's batons

01:24:51 a second chance to detect the light

01:24:53 they could have missed the first time.

01:24:55 Funny fact,

01:24:59 cats also have a lucidum tapetum.

01:25:01 That's why your cat's eyes

01:25:03 shine in the dark when you light them.

01:25:05 Another sign of the presence

01:25:07 of sharks in the waters

01:25:09 is the presence of whales.

01:25:11 Sharks are known

01:25:13 to track their creatures

01:25:15 for more than 60 km.

01:25:17 They follow groups of whales

01:25:19 and wait for one of them to become vulnerable

01:25:21 before striking them relentlessly.

01:25:23 So, lesson learned?

01:25:25 If you see birds

01:25:27 on the water now,

01:25:29 it's probably not a good thing.

01:25:31 Unlike what happens

01:25:33 when you see thousands of birds

01:25:35 flying together in the sky.

01:25:37 It's called a murmur.

01:25:39 You can see thousands of turtles

01:25:41 come together in the sky,

01:25:43 and they participate in a kind of

01:25:45 synchronization test

01:25:47 at the Olympic Games.

01:25:49 It happens when birds

01:25:51 start to perch on wires or trees.

01:25:53 It can happen from September

01:25:55 in some places

01:25:57 to the end of November

01:25:59 in others,

01:26:01 and a larger number of birds

01:26:03 join the night show at this time.

01:26:05 Do they do that to entertain us?

01:26:07 Not really.

01:26:09 Climbing in the sky

01:26:11 is a great way to get to know

01:26:13 the birds and their environment.

01:26:15 So, thousands of birds

01:26:17 gather to warm up

01:26:19 and exchange information

01:26:21 about potential food sites.

01:26:23 OK, in this case,

01:26:25 a large group of birds

01:26:27 doesn't mean anything bad.

01:26:29 But if you see one of them

01:26:31 flying towards you

01:26:33 in a wooded area,

01:26:35 it's probably time to leave.

01:26:37 Birds and other animals

01:26:39 will dig the ground to escape

01:26:41 if they want to save their lives.

01:26:43 But almost all animals

01:26:45 will do their best to leave.

01:26:47 Oh, and don't forget to get out

01:26:49 of the way while all these animals

01:26:51 are running towards you.

01:26:53 Why don't we pass birds to sharks?

01:26:55 Yes, we now know that if there are

01:26:57 birds near the ocean surface,

01:26:59 sharks will probably be close too.

01:27:01 But what happens if there are

01:27:03 no sharks nearby?

01:27:05 If you are in the ocean

01:27:07 and you see sharks

01:27:09 swimming towards the bottom of the ocean,

01:27:11 it could mean that a hurricane

01:27:13 or a tropical storm is coming.

01:27:15 Sharks can feel the decrease

01:27:17 of the barometric pressure

01:27:19 that accompanies the storm.

01:27:21 They could start to move

01:27:23 away from the turbulent zone.

01:27:25 Sharks don't really care about humans.

01:27:27 They don't come near our sandy beaches

01:27:29 or our cities.

01:27:31 They fear them.

01:27:33 They are very intelligent creatures

01:27:35 but the ocean is not always

01:27:37 the best place to go in case of emergency.

01:27:39 For example, if you come across

01:27:41 marine creatures that usually live

01:27:43 in the water and rest on the sand,

01:27:45 don't venture into the water.

01:27:47 It is a sign that the water

01:27:49 is potentially toxic.

01:27:51 It is possible that a red tide

01:27:53 will gather in the water near the beach.

01:27:55 Red tides occur

01:27:57 all over the world,

01:27:59 but a species of seaweed

01:28:01 mainly causes them in the Gulf of Mexico.

01:28:03 A red tide occurs when

01:28:05 the water is filled with a toxic

01:28:07 quantity of seaweed higher than normal.

01:28:09 It can make the water reddish or brown,

01:28:11 but sometimes the color of the water is normal.

01:28:13 If you go into the water,

01:28:15 you can feel a respiratory irritation

01:28:17 like a cough or a throat ulcer.

01:28:19 If this happens to you,

01:28:21 you should rinse your mouth

01:28:23 carefully with fresh water.

01:28:25 Speaking of water,

01:28:27 frogs are famous for their croaking.

01:28:29 But if you hear them croaking

01:28:31 as usual, it may be because

01:28:33 it will rain soon.

01:28:35 According to a theory,

01:28:37 this may be linked to their mating process.

01:28:39 They do it first, then lay eggs

01:28:41 in freshwater pools.

01:28:43 A good rain means more aquatic land

01:28:45 for the frogs.

01:28:47 This is why the male frogs

01:28:49 invite the females to a rendezvous

01:28:51 before the opposite ones with a croaking symphony.

01:28:53 If you hear a lot of croaking,

01:28:55 it means that the bees

01:28:57 are more active than usual

01:28:59 and that a thunderstorm is coming.

01:29:01 When they feel the thunderstorm coming,

01:29:03 the bees work even harder

01:29:05 and faster to collect more nectar

01:29:07 before the thunderstorm.

01:29:09 And once they are done,

01:29:11 they always come back to the hive

01:29:13 10 to 15 minutes before a heavy rain,

01:29:15 even if there is no obvious sign of it.

01:29:17 Their secret lies in super-sensitive hairs

01:29:21 located in their backs,

01:29:23 capable of capturing the electrostatic accumulations

01:29:25 of a thunderstorm cloud.

01:29:27 [Music]

01:29:29 [Music]

01:29:31 [Music]

01:29:33 The Moon,

01:29:35 our faithful friend,

01:29:37 our only companion in this large dark and cold space.

01:29:39 It is not surprising that

01:29:41 all the events associated with it,

01:29:43 such as solar or lunar eclipses,

01:29:45 fascinate us.

01:29:47 But what about the Black Moon,

01:29:49 the Blue Moon, the Super Moon?

01:29:51 Have you ever heard of them?

01:29:53 Well, let me tell you everything

01:29:55 about how you can observe them.

01:29:57 Prepare your calendars.

01:29:59 The distance between Earth and the Moon

01:30:01 is 384,472 km.

01:30:03 Yes, I measured it.

01:30:05 It doesn't seem that far, does it?

01:30:07 But believe me, most people

01:30:09 greatly underestimate this distance.

01:30:11 Did you know that all the planets

01:30:13 in the solar system,

01:30:15 including Jupiter and Saturn,

01:30:17 could stand between the Moon and us?

01:30:19 I couldn't believe it myself.

01:30:21 The Moon is linked to the Earth by its position.

01:30:23 There are several phases

01:30:25 in a lunar cycle.

01:30:27 The New Moon is the first phase.

01:30:29 The Sun illuminates the hidden phase of our satellite.

01:30:31 So we can't see the Moon.

01:30:33 It is almost invisible in the sky.

01:30:35 The crescent Moon

01:30:37 is the light part that gradually grows.

01:30:39 The full Moon is the phase

01:30:41 during which the Sun illuminates

01:30:43 the visible phase completely.

01:30:45 The descending Moon is a progressive decline

01:30:47 of the luminous part.

01:30:49 And finally, another new Moon arrives.

01:30:51 The full Moon begins again.

01:30:53 There are 29.5 days in a lunar cycle.

01:30:55 So it takes about a month

01:30:57 if we subtract the month of February.

01:30:59 But why am I telling you all this?

01:31:01 So that you can better understand

01:31:03 the Black Moon.

01:31:05 An astronomical event, rare,

01:31:07 that occurs once every 29 months,

01:31:09 that is, two and a half years.

01:31:11 This term does not exist in astronomy.

01:31:13 It was invented by astrologers.

01:31:15 It is not official and has several meanings.

01:31:17 The Black Moon can mean

01:31:19 the second new Moon in a month.

01:31:21 Usually, there is only one new Moon per month,

01:31:23 having two is therefore a rare phenomenon.

01:31:25 This is due to a slight offset

01:31:27 between the lunar cycle

01:31:29 and the annual cycle of the Earth.

01:31:31 A bit like the Bisextile years.

01:31:33 The Black Moon can also mean something else.

01:31:35 For example, usually,

01:31:37 there are only three new Moons per season.

01:31:39 Basically, a new Moon every 30 days.

01:31:41 However, if there are four,

01:31:43 the Black Moon means the third.

01:31:45 There are also

01:31:47 less popular meanings.

01:31:49 For example, this is how people call

01:31:51 the month of February when there are no new Moons

01:31:53 or full Moons.

01:31:55 This happens once every 19 years.

01:31:57 But what is so special about this?

01:31:59 The satellite is entirely hidden in the sky

01:32:01 during a normal new Moon.

01:32:03 But during a Black Moon,

01:32:05 you can see its dark silhouette.

01:32:07 You will have to choose a good place

01:32:09 without light from the city.

01:32:11 If you live in a big city,

01:32:13 you will have trouble seeing it without a telescope.

01:32:15 And since the sky becomes dark during this phenomenon,

01:32:17 you will be able to see

01:32:19 different constellations

01:32:21 that were hidden before,

01:32:23 as well as Jupiter and Venus.

01:32:25 The last time this phenomenon happened

01:32:27 was on April 30, 2022.

01:32:29 You could see it in most regions of the United States,

01:32:31 except for the Pacific Ocean,

01:32:33 Alaska or Hawaii.

01:32:35 Aloha!

01:32:37 Yes, unfortunately, if this is the first time

01:32:39 you hear about the Black Moon,

01:32:41 you have already missed it.

01:32:43 But it will be still 2 and a half years.

01:32:45 The next Black Moon will take place

01:32:47 in September 2024,

01:32:49 according to the standard method,

01:32:51 and on May 19, 2023,

01:32:53 according to the seasonal method.

01:32:55 But don't worry,

01:32:57 you will always be able to see

01:32:59 another astronomical event.

01:33:01 Once upon a time, there was a blue Moon.

01:33:03 I'm not kidding, I'm serious.

01:33:05 You can still see the blue Moon.

01:33:07 Well, not literally, of course.

01:33:09 The Moon does not turn blue.

01:33:11 It turns blue in a full Moon in a month.

01:33:13 The Black and Blue Moons are similar by definition,

01:33:15 but they are actually opposite.

01:33:17 If the Black Moon is a second new rare Moon

01:33:19 in a month,

01:33:21 the Blue Moon is a second rare full Moon.

01:33:23 They also occur both

01:33:25 every 29 months.

01:33:27 Not so rare, is it?

01:33:29 It is quite ironic that this event

01:33:31 is called the Blue Moon.

01:33:33 The folklorist Philip Hiscock

01:33:35 assumes that the term "blue Moon"

01:33:37 in its calendar version

01:33:39 was used to refer to the May 1937 event.

01:33:41 Another interesting astronomical event

01:33:43 is called the Super Moon.

01:33:45 Fill your telescope

01:33:47 and look for hills,

01:33:49 because you will see an exceptionally bright and large Moon,

01:33:51 like the one we only see in the movies.

01:33:53 What exactly does a Super Moon mean?

01:33:55 You see,

01:33:57 the Moon does not orbit the Earth

01:33:59 in a circular orbit.

01:34:01 Its orbit is elliptical,

01:34:03 and the place where it is closest to the Earth

01:34:05 is called perigee.

01:34:07 This phenomenon occurs

01:34:09 when the full Moon coincides with the perigee.

01:34:11 For this reason,

01:34:13 it seems particularly large and bright.

01:34:15 Its diameter is 14% larger

01:34:17 and it is 30% brighter

01:34:19 than usual.

01:34:21 In this regard,

01:34:23 this phenomenon is often confused with the lunar illusion.

01:34:25 During the lunar illusion,

01:34:27 the Moon is low above the horizon

01:34:29 and appears to be visually larger.

01:34:31 Of the 12 or 13 full annual Moons,

01:34:33 3 or 4 are Super Moons.

01:34:35 But most of them are not very significant.

01:34:37 You will probably not see any difference at all.

01:34:39 The most interesting are the large and rare Super Moons.

01:34:41 During this one,

01:34:43 the Moon becomes really large.

01:34:45 The last large Super Moon occurred in 2016.

01:34:47 Unfortunately,

01:34:49 large Super Moons are rare

01:34:51 and occur about once every 18 years.

01:34:53 The next one will occur only in 2034.

01:34:55 But we can observe

01:34:57 smaller Super Moons quite frequently.

01:34:59 In 2022,

01:35:01 the first Super Moon will occur

01:35:03 on June 14 and July 16.

01:35:05 There is also an opposite phenomenon

01:35:07 called a Micro Moon.

01:35:09 You have probably already guessed

01:35:11 what it means.

01:35:13 It occurs when the full Moon

01:35:15 is at its farthest point from the Earth.

01:35:17 This point is called the apogee.

01:35:19 The next Micro Moon,

01:35:21 in 2022,

01:35:23 took place on June 29.

01:35:25 In 2023,

01:35:27 we can observe it on January 7,

01:35:29 February 5 and August 16.

01:35:31 Of course,

01:35:33 you don't have to follow

01:35:35 each of these events.

01:35:37 Most people are more interested

01:35:39 in lunar and solar eclipses.

01:35:41 By the way,

01:35:43 are you one of the people

01:35:45 who confuse these two events?

01:35:47 Do the test.

01:35:49 Pause this video.

01:35:51 Describe what these two eclipses mean.

01:35:53 Compare your answer

01:35:55 with the correct definition.

01:35:57 You are back?

01:35:59 A solar eclipse

01:36:01 is only possible during the new Moon,

01:36:03 when the Moon itself is not visible.

01:36:05 Many people think that this event

01:36:07 is incredibly rare, but it is not entirely true.

01:36:09 A lunar eclipse is a phenomenon

01:36:11 during which the Moon is completely

01:36:13 or partially in the shadow projected by the Earth.

01:36:15 The lunar eclipse can only occur

01:36:17 during the full Moon

01:36:19 when the Moon is

01:36:21 near the node of its orbit.

01:36:23 If you guessed, well done!

01:36:25 Otherwise, don't worry.

01:36:27 Many people confuse them.

01:36:29 In 2022, a partial solar eclipse

01:36:31 will take place on October 25.

01:36:33 It will be visible in Europe,

01:36:35 South and West Asia,

01:36:37 North and East Africa,

01:36:39 and in the Atlantic.

01:36:41 As I mentioned, a total solar eclipse

01:36:43 is not as rare as many people think.

01:36:45 But the problem is that it is not always visible

01:36:47 from any part of the planet.

01:36:49 So if you want to see this event,

01:36:51 make sure to check the calendar

01:36:53 and see from which part of the Earth

01:36:55 you can see it.

01:36:57 However, lunar eclipses are much more common.

01:36:59 Partial lunar eclipses occur

01:37:01 almost every month.

01:37:03 But a total lunar eclipse will take place

01:37:05 in 2022, on the night of 7 to 8 November.

01:37:07 You can see it in almost

01:37:09 all regions of the world,

01:37:11 except in Africa.

01:37:13 I heard that zebras were

01:37:15 downright disgusted.

01:37:17 The Moon is a really fascinating satellite.

01:37:19 You think it's just a little ball of rock.

01:37:21 But in reality, there are so many

01:37:23 interesting events that are related to it.

01:37:25 What rare lunar events have you seen

01:37:27 or want to see in your life?

01:37:29 Have you observed rare and fascinating

01:37:31 astronomical events?

01:37:33 Do not hesitate to share them in the comments.

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