50 faits qui démystifient les mythes sur le Titanic
Il existe de nombreux mythes autour du Titanic, mais voici quelques faits intéressants qui les démentent. Pour commencer, le Titanic n'était pas vraiment présenté comme "insubmersible" avant son départ ; c'était plutôt une légende qui s'est développée après la catastrophe. Contrairement à la croyance populaire, le navire n'allait pas trop vite à cause d'une course contre la montre ; il se déplaçait en fait à une vitesse normale pour l'époque. Un autre mythe est que l'orchestre du navire jouait "Plus près de toi, mon Dieu" alors qu'il coulait, mais il n'y a aucune preuve solide pour confirmer cela. Enfin, il y avait de nombreux avertissements concernant les iceberg, mais une combinaison d'erreurs humaines et de mauvaise communication a conduit à la tragique collision. Animation créée par Sympa.
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FunTranscript
00:00April 14, 1912. The Titanic hit a huge iceberg and sank. Yeah, we've already talked about
00:07it. But what if this time we used ice to bring the boat back to the surface? It requires
00:14several thousand meters of grid and a lot of liquid nitrogen. Our goal is to put the
00:18Titanic in a huge block of ice that will bring the ship back to the surface. To do this,
00:23you have to wrap the wreck in the grid and cover it with liquid nitrogen. The first
00:28problem you will encounter is the impossibility of completely wrapping the ship. You have to
00:33lift the boat a little to put the grid underneath. But let's say that by miracle, you
00:38succeed. Then you have to run hundreds of large tanks of liquid nitrogen. You are
00:44under water, you open the tanks and ... it is so cold that the icy water of the Atlantic
00:49Ocean seems to boil. The nitrogen thickens and dissipates, but certainly does not create
00:54a block of ice around the grid. New attempt. Lift the Titanic with huge
01:00magnets. To do this, you will need a large ship and extremely powerful magnets. You
01:05attach large cables to the magnets and you lower them to the bottom of the water. Powerful
01:09projectors illuminate the dark depths of the ocean. Parts of the wreck are visible.
01:13The magnets go lower and cling to the iron hull of the ship. It brings the cables
01:19and magnets up. Some of them detach from the Titanic because the iron surface
01:23is covered with reefs and corals. Some parts of the wreck detach from the ship and go up.
01:28The ship's power is not enough. One of the cables tears. It is not only the weight
01:33of the different parts of the Titanic that interferes with the operation, but also the colossal
01:38pressure of the water. The sunken ship cannot be lifted completely at once, but only
01:43in small parts. In reality, there has already been an attempt to reassemble the Titanic
01:47in several parts. The operation, at a cost of 5 million dollars, had failed. Nylon
01:53cables had been attached to a large part of the wreck. The other ends of the
01:56hulls were connected to diesel engines. For the entire operation, they had used a mini-submarine.
02:02A piece of the 21-ton Titanic had been pulled up, but one of the hulls had broken
02:07due to the high pressure of the water. Then, one by one, the other cables had begun to
02:12let go and a huge piece had fallen back to the bottom of the sea. At that moment, all
02:17those involved in the rescue operation had exhausted their food reserves and were
02:22far from the nearest coast. They had therefore decided not to make a second attempt.
02:26A book was written and a film was shot about how the Titanic was
02:31reassembled using compressed air. In reality, no one has ever attempted this operation.
02:35To do this, it would take several hundred large cylinders of compressed air.
02:39First, they are installed inside the hull of the Titanic and they are waited for to pull
02:44the ship to the surface. As soon as you lower the cylinders under the water, they float
02:48immediately upwards. This complicates the operation considerably. You have to attach
02:53the cylinders with cables and pull them to the bottom using a powerful submarine,
02:58or even better, several. Due to the high pressure, the cylinders can explode.
03:04In this case, the shock wave would hit other cylinders and cause a disaster.
03:08A solution that is too expensive and not safe. The most expensive and most complex plan
03:13to reassemble the Titanic is probably the one in which scientists extract
03:18the hydrogen and oxygen from the ocean water. Then, these extracted elements must fill
03:23special containers. These containers would be attached to the ship and the Titanic would return
03:28to the surface. Even if you managed to extract the oxygen and hydrogen from millions
03:32of tons of water, the rest of the ocean water would replace them. A machine that would be
03:37able to perform a filtration of this type would cost billions of dollars. Or you can
03:42imagine a chemical element that would use a chain reaction to purify all
03:46the water. In this case, all of the world's ocean would end up in its essential oxygen.
03:52Someone suggested once to blow up the Titanic. It will take a lot of boxes of
03:56dynamite to go down to the bottom of the ocean. They must be completely sealed to prevent
04:00the dynamite from getting wet. Then, you have to install several kilometers of electric current
04:05conducting wire up to it. Once all this is done, you sail at a safe distance.
04:10Now, you're going to press the button to get the current through the wire and activate
04:14the dynamite. 3, 2, 1, stop! Why do this? Even if it works, the wreck of the Titanic
04:22will be scattered in all directions on the bottom of the sea. It would be impossible
04:27to lift the Titanic from the ocean. Imagine a huge hook capable of catching the Titanic
04:32and lifting it from the bottom like a fish. This hook must be huge to be able to pick up
04:37a sinking ship. Let's say you created it. Then, you are on board a huge ship
04:41that sails to the site of the shipwreck and you lower the hook like an anchor. It falls
04:46directly on the Titanic but does not hang on to it. You need special equipment to attach
04:51a hook the size of a bus to the Titanic. For this, you would need a huge submarine
04:56equipped with mechanical arms. Building this kind of device and operating it under
05:00such high pressure is already almost impossible. But let's say you finally manage
05:05to hang the Titanic. Then you realize that the ship does not have enough power
05:10to lift the ship of more than 50 tons and the hook which adds about 10 tons more.
05:15To do your job well, you will need a few more cruisers and a few
05:20million dollars more. Hmm ... Once the hot wax cools, it hardens and floats
05:26on the surface of the water. What if we transported it to the bottom of the ocean and poured it
05:30inside the Titanic? It could work since wax is not
05:34a costly material. So we melt the wax, we pour it into solid tanks and we
05:41pull them to the bottom with the help of a submarine. The tanks can withstand
05:45a lot of pressure and the submarine has enough power to lower the wax to
05:49this depth. The containers are placed inside the Titanic. Thanks to the remote control,
05:55you open the containers but the wax does not flow. The more you go down, the cooler the water
05:59gets. While you were transporting the containers to the ship, the wax cooled
06:03and solidified inside. Several containers are pressed against the top of the ship.
06:09But this is not enough to lift the Titanic. Other containers simply float
06:13to the surface. And even if the containers were thermostatic and kept the heat inside
06:18all the time, once released, the wax would solidify in an instant. It would not have
06:23time to spread and cover the Titanic from the inside. It would therefore float
06:28to the top. You fill several large robust bags with vaseline. This substance acts
06:34like wax in the cold. It becomes solid and floats. You want to put bags everywhere
06:39in the Titanic and wait for the vaseline to bring it back up. You load the bags
06:44in the submarine and you go down to the bottom of the sea. Some parts of the ship are inaccessible
06:49because of the corals that clung to it. You decide to unload all the bags
06:53in the same place. But as soon as you take the vaseline out of the submarine, the bags
06:57tear because of the high pressure. Solid pieces of vaseline float, pushed by the
07:03waters. Mission failed. The craziest idea is to fill the Titanic with millions
07:09of ping-pong balls. Small plastic balls filled with air should push the ship
07:13to the surface. But as soon as you start to bring them down to the bottom, the plastic
07:18flattens immediately and all the air from the balls escapes. You can put the balls
07:23in a submarine, but if you put them in the Titanic, the pressure will crush them again.
07:28You can also create balls made of ultra-light and solid material, then fill them
07:33with air. In this case, you will need a lot more money. As soon as you have placed the balls
07:39inside the ship, some of them will immediately slip through the holes in the ship,
07:44and the others will not be enough to lift the wreck from the bottom, which weighs more than 50 tons.
07:49No one could have imagined that the insubmersible Titanic would collide with an iceberg.
07:55Except for one man, William Thomas Stead. Well, not like that all of a sudden, of course.
08:00It's not like he woke up in a hurry on a beautiful day, imagining the disaster of the Titanic.
08:05He rather wrote a new edifying article, entitled
08:08How the Postal Paquebo will sink in the middle of the Atlantic by a survivor on March 3, 1886,
08:15that is, 26 years before the shipwreck of the Titanic.
08:18Let's recap briefly. The Titanic was going to Southampton, New York,
08:23across the North Atlantic in April 1912. The ship hit an iceberg, and less than 3 hours later,
08:29it was completely submerged. Of the 2,208 people on board, only 706 survived,
08:36due to the limited number of lifeboats and frozen water.
08:40Another passenger ship, the Carpaccia, heard its distress call,
08:44picked up the survivors and brought them back safe and sound to New York.
08:48The news written by William Stead tells the story of Thomas, a British sailor,
08:53who boards a boat to the United States. At one point, the protagonist realizes
08:58that there are not enough lifeboats for everyone on board the ship, in case something happens.
09:03A few days later, a thick fog hides all visibility.
09:07The ship is clearly unlucky, as it collides with a missing ship,
09:11just like the Titanic hit its iceberg. Only 200 of the 916 passengers
09:15manage to reach the United States safe and sound.
09:18The main character nevertheless manages to survive by jumping into the water
09:22and climbing into one of the lifeboats.
09:25One might think that this story would have encouraged all sailors
09:28to add additional lifeboats to the ships.
09:31But unfortunately, it received very little attention during its publication.
09:35Even more tragic, William Thomas Stead was on board the Titanic when it sank,
09:40and he did not survive.
09:42Survivors who had met Stead mentioned that he was an affable man
09:46who liked to talk a lot during meals.
09:49He admired the design of the ship and praised its robustness.
09:52Witnesses also reported that he had shown himself worthy of praise
09:56while the ship was sinking, giving his life jacket to another passenger.
10:00A professional journalist, he went to New York for a ceremony.
10:04One of his most important contributions to modern journalism
10:08was the use of illustrations in each of his articles.
10:11He also introduced press interviews,
10:14which are still used today, as well as illustrations.
10:18But this story was not the only work to have predicted such a disaster.
10:22Morgan Robertson was an author and a former captain of a ship
10:26who wrote news and novels.
10:28His most remarkable work is The Shipwreck of the Titanic.
10:32It is also known as Futility.
10:34The book was written in 1898, 14 years before the Titanic.
10:39It is a fiction about the adventure of the Titan,
10:42a shipwreck similar to the Titanic, crossing the North Atlantic.
10:46By an incredible coincidence, the Titan is as fast as the Titanic
10:50and shares many other similarities with it,
10:53such as its size or design.
10:55The book describes it as insubmersible
10:57and as the largest ship ever to cross the seas.
11:00And that's also what we said about the Titanic.
11:02Another strange similarity is the limited number of lifeboats it has.
11:07The story takes place in April,
11:09and it was at this moment that the Titanic began its journey
11:12and hit an iceberg.
11:14The story of the Titan also mentions that
11:16almost no one survived the horrible accident.
11:18Unlike the story of Stead,
11:20Robertson's protagonist takes a different path.
11:23The shipwreck of the Titan takes place somewhere in the middle of the book.
11:27Thus, after the disaster, the main character continues his life.
11:31This book is back on the front of the scene after the disaster of the Titanic.
11:35How could someone describe with such precision
11:38the events that would take place almost ten years later?
11:41Many began to believe that Robertson could guess the future.
11:44But in reality, Robertson simply knew about ships.
11:48It would have been easy for him to describe the smallest details
11:51without doing additional research.
11:53In reality, one of the greatest threats to ships of the time
11:56was to hit an iceberg or collide with other ships.
12:00The following story seems a little mysterious.
12:03One day, Alex McKenzie heard a voice
12:06warning him not to board the Titanic.
12:09But when he turned around, there was no one.
12:12As he continued to walk, the voice spoke to him again.
12:16But this time, it was stronger and more distinct.
12:19He took the warning seriously
12:21and decided to cancel his trip and return to Glasgow, Scotland,
12:25his hometown.
12:27His grandparents were not very happy to find him on the boat
12:30rather than on board the Titanic.
12:32After all, the ticket was very expensive.
12:35This disappointment quickly dissipated
12:37when they learned that the ship had hit an iceberg.
12:40John Coffey was a member of the crew of the Titanic,
12:43but he decided to give up the trip
12:45when the tugboat stopped in his hometown of Queenstown, Ireland.
12:49His inner voice told him to leave the ship, which he did.
12:53He was only 23 at the time.
12:55And for someone his age,
12:57it could have been a major boost to his career
12:59and an opportunity to flourish.
13:01However, this horrible tragedy did not prevent our man
13:04from signing on board the RMS Mauritania
13:06just a few months after the shipwreck of the Titanic.
13:08You're talking about a commitment.
13:10Additional information has been revealed
13:12on what could have contributed to the Titanic disaster.
13:15The builders insisted that the ship was unsinkable.
13:18But many people then hypothesized
13:21that the ship's steel plates were too fragile
13:23for the Atlantic's icy waters.
13:25This could have blown up the shores,
13:27allowing water from the ocean to infiltrate inside.
13:30Another theory is that a fire was declared
13:33under the Titanic's deck,
13:35which would have been raging for three weeks before the trip.
13:38This fire could have softened the steel,
13:40allowing the iceberg to tear it like a knife into butter.
13:44Some photos taken before the ship left for the trip
13:47show black marks on the hull,
13:49which could have been caused by the fire.
13:51In any case, the iceberg would have caused significant damage,
13:55whether there had been a fire or not.
13:59It was the very beginning of 1912.
14:01A huge piece of ice had detached from a glacier
14:04in the southwest of Greenland.
14:06This ice had come from a snowfall
14:08about 100,000 years before the event.
14:11At that time, mammoths were still hovering over the planet.
14:15The iceberg had begun its journey.
14:17It was huge.
14:18It was more than 500 meters long
14:20and weighed about 75 million tons.
14:23It was a very peaceful piece of ice.
14:25It wandered away from the most frequent ships and roads.
14:29There weren't many of them in the region, that's true.
14:34And then it began to drift a little further south.
14:36Our iceberg was lucky.
14:38In general, these big icicles melt well before reaching their latitudes.
14:43Of the 15,000 to 30,000 icebergs drifting far from Greenland's glaciers,
14:46only 1% reach the Atlantic.
14:51That's why it's so surprising that in April 1912,
14:53our iceberg-traveller had already drifted
14:55more than 2,400 kilometers from the Arctic Circle.
15:00Even after melting for months,
15:02this block of ice weighed another 1.5 million tons.
15:06It's almost twice as heavy as the Golden Gate Bridge.
15:09The upper part of the iceberg dominated the surface of the ocean
15:12for more than 30 meters.
15:14And yet, if you had noticed it near your boat,
15:17it would have seemed harmless to you.
15:19But only at first glance,
15:21because only a very small part of our iceberg was visible.
15:24The biggest of an iceberg is always hidden under the surface.
15:27Normally, only a tenth of its mass is visible above the water.
15:31And the iceberg we're talking about was no exception.
15:34Several days before our iceberg reached the Atlantic Ocean,
15:37a magnificent ship had left the Amars.
15:40It was a luxury steamboat
15:42that carried more than 3,000 passengers and crew.
15:45At the time, it was the largest ship ever built.
15:49This steamboat was called the Titanic.
15:52It was considered unsinkable.
15:54At the very beginning of its voyage,
15:56it almost collided with another ship, the New York.
15:59Fortunately, the Titanic was only a few meters away from it.
16:03The passengers, gathered on deck,
16:05breathed a big sigh of relief.
16:07But they didn't know what to expect in the near future.
16:10Meanwhile, the iceberg was approaching the area
16:13the Titanic was going to cross on its way to New York.
16:17It happened on April 14th,
16:19when the Titanic was in the North Atlantic,
16:22600 kilometers from New York.
16:25Around 11.40 p.m., those on board the Titanic were still awake,
16:28and were pushed to the ground by a mysterious and powerful force.
16:32Those who were lying down fell violently from their beds.
16:35Passengers and crew members screamed, panicked and disoriented.
16:41A few minutes before the tumult began,
16:43an iceberg appeared right in front of the boat.
16:46It was our passenger.
16:48How did the crew not notice it earlier?
16:51There may be several reasons for this.
16:53I'll tell you about it a little later.
16:57Anyway, once the steamboat collided with the huge piece of ice,
17:01it was doomed.
17:02Unable to divert its course,
17:04the ship quickly broke at least five of its hull compartments.
17:07They began to fill up with water at an alarming rate.
17:11The Titanic's compartments were not covered in their upper part.
17:15The water spilled and filled all the compartments one after the other.
17:20The front of the ship began to sink,
17:22and the rear part rose vertically into the air.
17:25Then, in a deafening rumble,
17:27the steamboat broke in two.
17:29The rest is history.
17:32But few people know what happened to the iceberg
17:34after its collision with the ship.
17:37This brings us back to the question of why no one had noticed
17:40the mountain of floating ice before it was too late.
17:44Let's follow the events of that fateful day.
17:48Around 6 p.m., Captain Smith finally decided to change the course of the Titanic.
17:52Throughout the day, he received alerts about the presence of icebergs.
17:57The ship began to head further south,
17:59but its speed remained the same.
18:02At 9.40 p.m., another ship informed the Titanic
18:04of a vast field of ice filled with icebergs.
18:08Unfortunately, no one took notice of this message.
18:12Around 11 p.m., another steamboat contacted the Titanic by radio.
18:16They said that the ice had encircled them and forced them to stop.
18:21This message was also ignored.
18:23During this time, most of the passengers of the luxurious boat
18:26had already withdrawn to their rooms.
18:28At 11.35 p.m., the getters of the Titanic's observation post noticed the iceberg.
18:33They rang the bell three times,
18:35which meant that there was something in front of them.
18:38Then, they called the bridge.
18:40The engines were reversed,
18:42and the doors of the supposedly waterproof compartments closed.
18:45Only five minutes later,
18:47the tribord phase of the huge steamboat collided with the iceberg.
18:52The mail room began to fill with water.
18:54Soon, more reports arrived.
18:57Things are not going well.
18:59At least five other compartments are flooded.
19:01It becomes clear that the Titanic will only float for a few hours.
19:06The night is exceptionally calm,
19:08with no moonlight, no wind and no swell.
19:10And as no wave breaks against the iceberg,
19:13it is very difficult to perceive its presence.
19:15But there is also a theory
19:17that it could be a black iceberg that sank the Titanic.
19:22If you had to draw an iceberg,
19:24I bet you would make a huge piece of white ice covered with snow.
19:28But those who have visited Antarctica
19:30know that icebergs can have many aspects.
19:33They can be multicolored, patterned or striped like candy.
19:38Icebergs can also be black.
19:41There may be two reasons for the formation of an iceberg of this unusual color.
19:46First, the ice can be extremely pure,
19:48without any air bubbles or cracks.
19:50In this case, there is nothing to disperse the light.
19:54The iceberg will absorb it entirely and appear black.
19:58The second possibility is that a volcanic eruption
20:00covers a volcanic ash glacier.
20:03Then the ice that will detach from this glacier
20:05will also be dark in color.
20:08Experts do not know why the Titanic's iceberg was so dark,
20:11or if it really was.
20:13But one of the observers at the observation post
20:15said that the ice was black.
20:18Another said that it was either gray or grayish.
20:22There is nothing exciting or mysterious
20:24in the so-called black icebergs.
20:26These are icebergs that have turned over
20:28after their upper part has melted
20:30and changed the distribution of their weight.
20:33If their lower part is smooth enough to absorb the light,
20:36they will have a dark aspect.
20:38In addition, they are generally not exposed to the air for long enough
20:41for the white ash to accumulate.
20:44But let's admit that this theory is false
20:46and that the iceberg was not really black.
20:48It remains that if you see the objects,
20:50it is only because they reflect light.
20:52The less light there is,
20:54the less likely you are to notice something.
20:56The surface of the ocean
20:58will always reflect the light of the Moon and the stars.
21:01But an irregularly shaped iceberg,
21:03almost vertical, will have less chance of doing so.
21:06This is why it will look almost black on the surface of the bright water.
21:09At night, icebergs can be quite difficult to detect without a radar.
21:13Anyway, our iceberg was not noticed in time.
21:16The Titanic crashed against it and sank.
21:19End of story?
21:21Apparently not.
21:23On April 15, the German SS-Prinz Aldebar
21:26was sailing in the North Atlantic.
21:28He was a few kilometers from the place
21:30where the Titanic had sunk a few hours earlier.
21:33The captain of the German ship,
21:35who had not yet been informed of the disaster,
21:37spotted an iceberg.
21:39What caught his attention
21:41was a fairly large trail of red paint
21:43on the base of the iceberg.
21:45Surprised, the man took a picture.
21:48It is said that this trail of paint
21:50meant that a boat had hit the iceberg
21:52during the last 12 hours.
21:54The next person to see the sadly famous piece of ice,
21:56and who also photographed it,
21:58was the captain of the ship,
22:00serving to put the telecommunications cables at sea.
22:03The ship had been sent to the region
22:05where the Titanic had sunk.
22:07The captain later stated that the iceberg
22:09he had seen was the only one in this area.
22:11And then there was this red paint.
22:13It was not difficult to make the link.
22:15In 2015, one of these photos
22:17was sold at auction for more than $32,000.
22:19However, experts are not sure
22:21that the image really represents
22:23the famous block of ice.
22:25It could be an innocent iceberg
22:27floating in its waters at that moment.
22:31We know the Titanic by stories,
22:33and also by a movie.
22:35Now, we even have a scan of nature.
22:37And no, it is not one of these old models
22:39that made us wonder
22:41what the ship really looked like.
22:43This time, we obtained
22:45a digital VR eye scan.
22:47A team of experts mapped
22:49the seabed around the Titanic,
22:51as well as the ship itself.
22:53We therefore obtained a 3D image
22:55of the whole.
22:57It is as if we were diving
22:59to incredible depths
23:01to see the wreck without water all around.
23:03The history of the wreck
23:05began in 1985,
23:0773 years after the shipwreck of the Titanic.
23:09Explorer Robert Ballard
23:11discovered it hidden
23:13between two submarines
23:15that had also sunk in this area.
23:17He was in fact in charge of another mission at the time,
23:19and therefore did not have time
23:21to explore the ship properly.
23:23But during his research,
23:25he realized the influence
23:27of sea currents on wreck debris.
23:29He noticed that the heaviest objects
23:31were sinking rapidly
23:33and left a trail of debris
23:35behind them,
23:37according to the direction of the currents.
23:39Before he discovered the wreck,
23:41it was believed that the ship
23:43had sunk in one piece
23:45after hitting the iceberg.
23:47Thus, we now knew where the ship was
23:49and the adventure could begin.
23:51Or not, its exploration was very difficult.
23:53The wreck is huge
23:55and the darkness of the ocean
23:57did not allow us to see it in its entirety.
23:59So we had to settle for fragments
24:01in decomposition,
24:03and we could only speculate
24:05on what all these parts
24:07together.
24:09But in the summer of 2022,
24:11we finally had something different.
24:13A team of experts from Magellan Ltd.,
24:15a company specialized in
24:17mapping marine depths,
24:19partnered with Atlantic Productions,
24:21who were making a documentary on the project.
24:23They embarked on a mission
24:25to compose a complete image of the Titanic.
24:27They used submersibles.
24:29These are vehicles that go underwater,
24:31remotely controlled by a team
24:33of qualified explorers.
24:35The submersibles dived deep into the ocean.
24:37It was not an easy task.
24:39They spent more than 200 hours
24:41collecting information
24:43on the length and width of the wreck.
24:45A real treasure hunt.
24:47But instead of finding gold and jewels,
24:49they collected something
24:51even more precious.
24:53More than 700,000 images of the Titanic
24:55from all possible angles.
24:57Yes, they took pictures
24:59of each small part of the ship,
25:01even the less interesting ones.
25:03Identifying the parts covered with mud
25:05was important because it allowed
25:07to link the different pieces
25:09of the huge puzzle.
25:11And that allowed us to obtain
25:13a detailed reconstruction of the ship in 3D.
25:15Even if it's been more than 100 years,
25:17you can still recognize the bow of the Titanic.
25:19Covered with rust stalactites.
25:21Above the bow is the ship's deck,
25:23where a large hole gives us an overview
25:25of the space that once hosted
25:27the large staircase.
25:29A real window
25:31into the ship's past.
25:33Its deck is just a pile of twisted metal.
25:35When the Titanic sank,
25:37this part collapsed
25:39and sank into the depths.
25:41The bow and the deck were separated
25:43by about 800 meters.
25:45A vast field of debris surrounds
25:47this giant, immobilized at the bottom of the sea.
25:49These debris are like a treasure spread.
25:51Iron decorations
25:53from the ship, statues
25:55and even unopened champagne bottles.
25:57There are also personal effects
25:59that darkened at the same time as the ship.
26:01For example, dozens and dozens
26:03of shoes.
26:05It was not an easy task to get down
26:07and take all these photos.
26:09It doesn't seem so difficult at first glance
26:11since it's a robot that sank
26:13into these unimaginable depths
26:15and not people.
26:17But studying the ocean is difficult.
26:1980% of the ocean has not yet been explored,
26:21mapped or even seen.
26:23The conditions are extreme
26:25and the pressure is getting stronger
26:27and our vehicle had to dive
26:29up to almost 4,000 meters.
26:31It's like 12 Eiffel Towers stacked
26:33on top of each other.
26:35In addition, there is strong current in this area.
26:37So it was a bit like sailing
26:39in an aquatic labyrinth.
26:41And the submersibles were not supposed to touch
26:43anything.
26:45The slightest wrong step could damage the wreck
26:47already very fragile.
26:49We have the impression that the Titanic is frozen in time
26:51and that it will always be there waiting for us.
26:53But in reality, it disappears slowly.
26:55It is quite obvious that the water of the ocean
26:57damaged it, given the time it spent
26:59underneath. But that's not all.
27:01The wreck now houses a particular type of bacteria
27:03which has even received the name of the famous ship.
27:05These bacteria have a particular
27:07habit. They can survive
27:09inside rust formations
27:11known as rusticles.
27:13They look a bit like stalactites,
27:15these ice spikes
27:17that form when the water falls from a height
27:19by freezing. These bacteria are
27:21iron shards that can be found in abundance
27:23in the hull of the ship.
27:25A real buffet for these creatures.
27:27And over time,
27:29these bacteria will continue to
27:31iron the ship, little by little,
27:33until one day, the feast ends
27:35with the disappearance of the ship.
27:37It's like a slow but regular
27:39recycling process.
27:41Thus, this 3D model that we have
27:43obtained thanks to the hard work of the researchers
27:45and the technology comes at the right time.
27:47Because we don't know how much
27:49time we have left to explore the wreck.
27:51And this could allow us to better
27:53understand the collision between the Titanic
27:55and the iceberg. The movies always show us
27:57the Titanic hitting the iceberg
27:59on the right side. Well, we can't
28:01really be sure.
28:03These images could help us understand
28:05if the ship really landed on the iceberg.
28:07If it's hooked.
28:09We can study the stern
28:11and analyze the way the Titanic
28:13hit the seabed.
28:15This will also help us understand what
28:17really happened during the shipwreck.
28:19Maybe we will have the chance to discover
28:21if it's really a violent fire
28:23that sealed the fate of the Titanic.
28:25According to a theory, a fire would have
28:27raged for three weeks before
28:29the ship made its first and last
28:31voyage. This would have weakened
28:33its hull, which means
28:35that the biggest part of the work had already been done.
28:37The iceberg would have only
28:39given it thanks. And if there was
28:41even an iceberg, as some wonder.
28:43According to another theory,
28:45the Titanic would have actually hit
28:47a massive ice mass instead of an iceberg.
28:49The bank is made up of
28:51large plates of ice floating
28:53near the surface of the ocean,
28:55which can be difficult to spot.
28:57They think that this mass
28:59could have drifted into the Atlantic
29:01from the Arctic Ocean.
29:03According to a professional sailor who defends this idea,
29:05if the Titanic had hit an ordinary iceberg,
29:07the ship would have sank
29:09much faster than it did.
29:11And since the Titanic managed
29:13to stay on the surface for a relatively
29:15long time, almost three hours,
29:17it may have been a different
29:19type of collision.
29:21He also said that the testimonies of the people
29:23present were sometimes contradictory.
29:25They think these differences
29:27are due to optical illusions.
29:29When people looked at the ocean
29:31that night, the way the light
29:33reflected on the water, as well as the
29:35particular conditions at that time,
29:37could give them the impression that some objects
29:39were closer to being than they were
29:41in reality. Thus, they may have
29:43seen something other than what was really
29:45in front of them. An iceberg,
29:47or something else.
29:49Twins could have helped the crew members
29:51to spot the potential danger,
29:53but unfortunately, they did not.
29:55It seems that they were
29:57in a closet where no one
29:59apparently had the key.
30:01The night was dark and scary.
30:03A few hundred people were sitting
30:05in lifeboats, not knowing
30:07what was going to happen next,
30:09or what their lives would look like
30:11at that moment. All they knew
30:13was that the giant ship on which
30:15they were sailing a few hours earlier
30:17had disappeared before their eyes.
30:19They were alone and waiting for help.
30:21Was someone going to come?
30:23They did not know if the other ships,
30:25which were relatively close to them,
30:27had heard their call for help.
30:29There was nothing else to do but wait.
30:31The Titanic, an iceberg,
30:33is the night of April 14, 1912.
30:35It is one of the most famous
30:37stories in modern history
30:39that everyone still talks about today,
30:41more than 100 years later.
30:43The lifeboats on board
30:45could only accommodate
30:47a little more than 50%
30:49of the total number of passengers,
30:51and many of them were still half empty.
30:53In one of them, there was
30:55a two-month-old girl, Milvina Dean.
30:57She was the youngest passenger
30:59on board the giant ship.
31:01Her parents had decided to leave
31:03England because they dreamed
31:05of a better life in the United States.
31:07Her father had family in Kansas
31:09and he hoped he could create
31:11his own business there.
31:13The Dean family had not really
31:15chosen to be on board this legendary
31:17giant lifeboat, but because of a coal strike,
31:19they had been transferred there
31:21so that they embarked in St. Hampton
31:23as third-class passengers.
31:25Milvina's father felt something
31:27when the ship hit the iceberg
31:29during this cold and apparently
31:31peaceful night.
31:33He immediately went up to investigate.
31:35When he saw people panicking
31:37and crew members giving warnings
31:39about the real danger of the situation,
31:41he rushed into the cabin
31:43to find his wife.
31:45He told her to dress the children
31:47and get on the deck quickly.
31:49The crew members gave the order
31:51to prepare the lifeboats
31:53and to start transferring
31:55the women and children first.
31:57It was a chance for at least
31:59a few family members
32:01to put themselves in safety.
32:03Milvina's family was the first
32:05to leave the lifeboat
32:07among the 706 crew members
32:09who managed to escape
32:11from the sinking ship.
32:13Later, a lifeboat named Carpathia
32:15heard their call for help
32:17and came to pick up the passengers
32:19and took them to New York.
32:21Unfortunately, her father
32:23was left behind and failed
32:25to save himself.
32:27Milvina grew up in the small town
32:29of Ashhurst, England,
32:31where she worked as a secretary
32:33and assistant in small companies
32:35in St. Hampton.
32:37She never got married.
32:39Milvina always said
32:41she never talked about the Titanic
32:43because she didn't remember anything
32:45and she didn't want people
32:47to think she drew attention to her.
32:49In 1985, a Franco-American team
32:51gathered and located the wreck
32:53of the Titanic.
32:55It was located about 600 km
32:57east of Mistaken Point
32:59and more than 3 mm deep.
33:01It was then that they confirmed
33:03that the ship had split in two.
33:05For decades, people had believed
33:07that the ship had sunk in one block.
33:09They thought that the only major damage
33:11was that suffered by the hull
33:13during its contact with the iceberg.
33:15In reality, it broke in two
33:17between its third
33:19and fourth chimney.
33:21This happened shortly before
33:23the ship disappeared
33:25under the surface of the water
33:27and hit the iceberg.
33:29The whole process lasted
33:31about 2 hours and 40 minutes.
33:33People didn't pay much attention
33:35to the Titanic until this team
33:37of researchers discovered the wreck.
33:39During the last years of her life,
33:41Milvina sold some of her family's
33:43property at auction to pay
33:45for her stay in a retirement home.
33:47The objects she sold also included
33:49a suitcase full of clothes
33:51that her family had received
33:53when they arrived in the United States
33:55from the Titanic Relief Fund.
33:57Her letters of compensation
33:59described the financial aid
34:01that some passengers
34:03who had survived the loss
34:05of their loved ones would receive.
34:07Milvina would have lived
34:09until the age of 97
34:11before catching pneumonia.
34:13She was the youngest
34:15of the 705 people
34:17who survived the event.
34:19The Titanic was the largest ship
34:21in the world.
34:23The Titanic had a chimney
34:25that was purely decorative.
34:272,200 people were on board
34:29when the ship sank.
34:31There were 908 crew members
34:33and the maximum number of passengers
34:35was 3,500.
34:37As you have probably seen
34:39in the film,
34:41there were different classes
34:43of passengers.
34:45The accumulated wealth
34:47estimated by those who were
34:49in the first class
34:51that objects worth
34:536 million dollars
34:55had sunk to the bottom of the ocean
34:57with the ship.
34:59The first class
35:01was a place of great luxury.
35:03There were four restaurants,
35:05two libraries,
35:07two hair salons,
35:09reading rooms
35:11and a black room
35:13for photography.
35:15There was also
35:17a heated pool
35:19with electric heating
35:21and passengers could use it
35:23for 4 shillings.
35:25The cost of building
35:27this massive giant
35:29was 7.5 million dollars.
35:31But that was in 1912.
35:33Today it would represent
35:35about 200 million dollars.
35:37First class tickets
35:39cost 2,560 dollars at the time
35:41which is equivalent
35:43to 61,000 dollars today.
35:45What did you get
35:47for this luxury?
35:49Researchers have not yet
35:51explored many areas
35:53of the Titanic
35:55and it is still difficult
35:57to access it with submarines.
35:59A rescue boat exercise
36:01was planned the day
36:03the Titanic sank
36:05but it was cancelled
36:07for unknown reasons.
36:09The crew had only done
36:11one rescue boat exercise
36:13and it was when the ship
36:15was not properly formed
36:17that each rescue boat
36:19had been filled.
36:21The capacity was still
36:23not enough to save
36:25each passenger.
36:27The Titanic was the largest
36:29mobile object in the world
36:31at the time.
36:33On May 31, 1911
36:35its huge hull
36:37was lowered from the dry
36:39hulls and found itself
36:41on the lagging river
36:43facing a huge
36:45development dock.
36:47Thousands of workers
36:49spent most of the following year
36:51working hard to build
36:53the bridges and to build
36:55all these luxurious interiors
36:57which gave the Titanic
36:59its unique appearance.
37:01They also installed
37:03the 29 giant boilers
37:05which would supply
37:07the two main steam engines
37:09of the ship.
37:11At the time,
37:13the water was not
37:15completely sealed
37:17on the top.
37:19This allowed the water
37:21to pass from one compartment
37:23to the other
37:25which ended up
37:27flooding the deck.
37:29But the Titanic
37:31had other failures.
37:33The strong hold suffered
37:35from the cold temperatures
37:37and the high speeds
37:39which made the Titanic
37:41sink 24 times faster
37:43than expected.
37:45There are many theories
37:47about what caused
37:49the sinking of such a giant.
37:51Once a famous giant,
37:53it was the largest ship
37:55of its time.
37:57Today, there are only
37:59two large pieces
38:01lying at the bottom
38:03of the ocean
38:05about 600 meters
38:07above sea level.
38:09But we can still
38:11recognize the wreck
38:13because many interiors
38:15have been preserved.
38:17There is a particular type
38:19of bacteria on the ship's rust.
38:21Rust is a grime
38:23formed under water
38:25when the forged iron
38:27oxidizes.
38:29This means that the bacteria
38:31eat the iron
38:33from the Titanic's hull
38:35by 2030,
38:37so the wreck will disappear
38:39forever sooner than expected.
38:41It would be easier
38:43to remove the wreck
38:45from the water
38:47to preserve it,
38:49but it would crumble
38:51if we tried to do it.
38:53It has been under water
38:55for more than 110 years
38:57and it is so rusty
38:59that we could not
39:01rebuild the pieces
39:03that made the Titanic
39:05hit the bottom of the ocean.
39:07After all, the largest ship
39:09ever built
39:11literally sank under their eyes.
39:13It turns out that the sound
39:15probably did not travel
39:17from water to air.
39:19We do not hear very well in the water
39:21because our body is not designed
39:23to perceive sounds
39:25in such an environment.
39:27And although the passengers
39:29were close to the wreck,
39:31there were a lot of landslides
39:33and underwater earthquakes
39:35that we could not even hear.
39:37And yet they make a lot more noise
39:39than a simple ship
39:41crashing into the bottom of the ocean.
39:43Most of the vibrations
39:45and sounds must have spread
39:47over a vast area.
39:49In addition, the breath of water,
39:51which many think hit the Titanic
39:53after it hit the bottom of the ocean,
39:55must have repulsed
39:57most of the potential acoustic vibrations.
39:59This is the only way
40:01to produce such loud sounds.
40:03Many survivors claimed
40:05to have heard terrifying noises
40:07when the Titanic broke,
40:09but no one mentioned
40:11having heard anything
40:13after the ship disappeared
40:15under the surface of the water.
40:17Some survivors told
40:19of the chaos that reigned
40:21when passengers,
40:23mainly women and children,
40:25boarded the lifeboats.
40:27No one knew
40:29how to react
40:31in such a situation.
40:33The lifeboat landing exercise
40:35was planned for the morning
40:37before the collision of the Titanic
40:39with the iceberg,
40:41but for some unknown reason
40:43it was canceled.
40:45A giant shipwreck
40:47that everyone thinks
40:49is unsinkable
40:51crosses the ocean.
40:53On the way,
40:55a novel was published in 1898,
40:5714 years before
40:59the Titanic sank
41:01or even built.
41:03In the novel,
41:05the Titan,
41:07whose name is frightening,
41:09did not have enough life jackets,
41:11jackets and canoes
41:13for all passengers on board.
41:15It was also the largest ship
41:17of the time,
41:19almost the same size
41:21as the Titanic.
41:23Dorothy, an American actress
41:25of silent films,
41:27is one of the passengers of the Titanic.
41:29She survived the disaster.
41:31As soon as she arrived in New York,
41:33she started shooting
41:35Save the Titanic.
41:37The film was released
41:39only a month after the shipwreck.
41:41Dorothy even wore the same shoes
41:43and clothes as those she wore
41:45when she was on the boat.
41:47The film was a success,
41:49but the film was destroyed
41:51by the Titanic.
41:53The Titanic was not the only one
41:55to sail in the cold ocean
41:57near the iceberg that hit it.
41:59The California SS was relatively close.
42:01But its radar was off that night.
42:03At some point,
42:05the crew members noticed
42:07mysterious lights in the sky.
42:09They immediately went to wake up
42:11their captain to warn him,
42:13but he did not give any order.
42:15They thought it was
42:17a simple firework.
42:19But it turned out to be
42:21a call for help.
42:23The lightning rockets
42:25that the crew members
42:27had launched into the sky
42:29hoping that someone would notice them.
42:31When the California SS
42:33received the SOS messages,
42:35it was already too late.
42:37According to some,
42:39the full moon would be
42:41at the origin of the collision
42:43between the iceberg
42:45and the gigantic ship.
42:48If you watched the film,
42:50you know that the ship did not sink
42:52immediately after the meeting
42:54with the iceberg occurred.
42:56The whole process lasted
42:582 hours and 40 minutes.
43:00But the situation was delicate.
43:02There were 2,200 people
43:04to take charge,
43:06including the crew and passengers,
43:08and chaos reigned on board.
43:10Chief Engineer Thomas Andrew
43:12quickly understood
43:14that he could not stay afloat.
43:16At midnight,
43:18all the crew began
43:20to prepare the lifeboats
43:22for the inflow.
43:24They had 20 canoes
43:26with room for only 1,178 people,
43:28which represented
43:30barely more than 50%
43:32of the people on board.
43:34The order was to put
43:36the women and children
43:38in safety first.
43:40The crew members
43:42were there to row
43:44and warn the passengers
43:46that something serious
43:48was happening.
43:50They wanted to put them
43:52in a lifeboat
43:54as soon as possible.
43:56At midnight,
43:5815 crew members
44:00sent a distress signal.
44:02A steamboat called
44:04the Frankfurt was
44:06among the first
44:08to receive this message
44:10and respond.
44:12Unfortunately,
44:14they were too far away.
44:16At 8.20 p.m.,
44:18the ship Capartia
44:20from Cunard
44:22received a distress signal
44:24from the Titanic
44:26and immediately changed course.
44:28They were then
44:3058 nautical miles away,
44:32or 107 km,
44:34and it would take
44:36more than three hours
44:38to get there.
44:40While there was room
44:42for 65,
44:44many of the first
44:46lifeboats were filled
44:48well below their capacity.
44:50The crew members were worried
44:52that the cranes
44:54could not bear
44:56the weight of a fully loaded
44:58lifeboat.
45:00At first,
45:02many passengers were simply
45:04too afraid to leave the ship.
45:06They still thought
45:08they would die two hours later.
45:10The crew shot the first
45:12of the eight distress rockets,
45:14without success.
45:16No one was close enough
45:18to help them.
45:20At 1.20 p.m.,
45:22they had lowered
45:2410 lifeboats.
45:26The eighth contained
45:28only 28 people.
45:30One of the passengers
45:32of the tenth
45:34was little Milvina Dean,
45:3627 years old.
45:38Two o'clock in the morning,
45:40three foldable hulls
45:42were the last remaining
45:44lifeboats.
45:46The bow of the ship
45:48had sunk very low
45:50and had tilted
45:52far below the surface.
45:54People who were not far
45:56could now clearly see
45:58the propellers of the stern
46:00above the water.
46:02The crew members
46:04were trying to get
46:06the hull out of the water,
46:08while the bow of the ship
46:10was sinking.
46:12These 20 people were
46:14struggling because
46:16their boat was partially
46:18filled with water.
46:20While the crew members
46:22were trying to free
46:24the foldable hull B,
46:26it fell.
46:28Before they could get it up,
46:30the water carried it
46:32away.
46:34The ship decided to
46:36transmit a last distress call.
46:38A minute later,
46:40the light of the ship
46:42finally went out.
46:44The Titanic and all
46:46those who remained on board
46:48dived into the darkness.
46:50The bow continued to sink
46:52and the hull rose higher
46:54above the surface,
46:56which exerted great pressure
46:58on the central part of the ship.
47:00It broke in two
47:02between the third and
47:04the fourth chimney.
47:06According to the reports,
47:08it took about six minutes
47:10to reach the bottom of the ocean.
47:12The hull fell back on the water
47:14before rising again
47:16in a vertical position.
47:18It stayed in this position
47:20until it finally disappeared
47:22in the ocean.
47:24At 2.20 p.m.,
47:26the hull had apparently
47:28crashed while it was
47:30going down.
47:32The hull had landed
47:34about 600 meters from the surface.
47:36People considered the Titanic
47:38as the fastest boat in the world.
47:40They thought it was unsinkable
47:42because four of its compartments
47:44could have been flooded
47:46and it would still not cause
47:48a critical loss of flotability.
47:50But its life would have been
47:52problematic from the start.
47:54You know SOS, right?
47:56It was a pretty easy signal
47:58to pick up in Morse,
48:00which means
48:02Save Our Souls.
48:04The crew of the legendary Titanic
48:06desperately tried to send
48:08this signal for two hours
48:10on the night of April 14, 1912.
48:12There were other ships
48:14not far from the place
48:16where the iceberg destroyed
48:18the powerful sea titan,
48:20but the call for help
48:22seemed to have disappeared
48:24but the Titanic never received
48:26the answer.
48:28So what reduced the call for help
48:30to the ship to silence?
48:32A triangle of unknown bermudas
48:34in the North Atlantic?
48:36Consider this.
48:38Witnesses said that the sky
48:40was illuminated by a bright
48:42aurora borealis during
48:44this cold, fateful night.
48:46Magnificent, yes,
48:48but that day the aurora borealis
48:50may have sealed the fate
48:52of the Titanic.
48:54The sun itself is responsible
48:56for the magnetic fluctuations
48:58in the Earth's magnetic sphere.
49:00The magnetosphere is like
49:02a protective bubble
49:04around our planet.
49:06It prevents harmful solar rays,
49:08winds and other cosmic dangers
49:10from reaching us.
49:12Without it, life on our planet
49:14would not be possible.
49:16The Earth would look more like
49:18Mars.
49:20Recently, a researcher
49:22in meteorology, Mila Zinkova,
49:24proposed a theory that
49:26solar eruptions that caused
49:28a geomagnetic storm could play
49:30a major role in the premature
49:32disappearance of the Titanic.
49:34Solar eruptions occur on Earth
49:36all the time.
49:38Some people are particularly
49:40sensitive to the magnetic storms
49:42they cause.
49:44They may feel weakness,
49:46fatigue, headaches
49:48or even depression.
49:50The magnetosphere blocks
49:52all bad things,
49:54and we are all happy.
49:56But sometimes explosions
49:58occur in the sun.
50:00They can be massive
50:02like the size of the Earth.
50:04These eruptions project
50:06a wave of charged particles
50:08that collide with the magnetosphere
50:10at high speed.
50:12Our protective bubble
50:14then defends itself.
50:16This is called the aurora borealis.
50:18In the South, it's called the aurora australis
50:20or the lights of the South.
50:22When the magnetosphere pushes
50:24its solar and cosmic particles
50:26towards the poles,
50:28they collide with molecules
50:30of different gases.
50:32That's why you have this range of colors.
50:34For example, oxygen can be green or red
50:36depending on the distance,
50:38and nitrogen is blue or purple.
50:40What several people,
50:42including the second officer
50:44noticed in the newspaper
50:46before receiving the distress call
50:48from the Titanic.
50:50The auroras are a visible sign
50:52of a geomagnetic storm.
50:54Now let's talk about navigation equipment.
50:56This applies to satellites
50:58and radio frequencies.
51:00Let's remember that at the time of the Titanic
51:02there was no iPhone,
51:04so the average citizen could not notice
51:06that his gadgets were out of order.
51:08But the navigation and telegraph devices
51:10were actively used.
51:12It was the Middle Ages,
51:14when sailors noticed that their compass
51:16was out of order.
51:18The arrows were turning in all directions
51:20and people did not know why.
51:22It was only in the 18th century
51:24that French scientists discovered
51:26that these problematic days occurred
51:28at the same time as the appearance
51:30of black spots on the sun.
51:32The solar eruptions.
51:34The mystery was solved.
51:36But the Titanic had the most advanced
51:38and most famous radio equipment of the time.
51:40The Titanic was able to do all the tests.
51:42On April 10, 1912,
51:44the huge boat left Sossumton
51:46and set sail for New York.
51:48The next day,
51:50the crew began to receive the first reports
51:52on icebergs and drifting ice fields.
51:54They put dots on the map
51:56to mark the coordinates
51:58and breathed a sigh of relief.
52:00All the problematic points were
52:02north of the route planned for the Titanic.
52:04But after a few days,
52:06the warnings began to move more and more
52:08towards the majestic ship.
52:10On April 14, 1912,
52:12Captain Edward Smith decided
52:14to change course to the south
52:16in the hope of bypassing the ice.
52:18This turned out to be a huge mistake
52:20penetrating directly into the magnetic storm.
52:22If the navigation equipment was out of order,
52:24if only by a small error of half a degree,
52:26the captain could be wrong
52:28by bringing the ship straight to an iceberg.
52:30Even worse,
52:32radio operators ignored the warnings
52:34coming from other ships.
52:36They simply forgot to transmit them to the captain.
52:38As a contractor,
52:40hired by the radio company,
52:42they were more interested in the telegram transmission
52:44paid by the passengers of the luxurious ship.
52:46The radio transmitter was left out of service
52:48that night, probably because
52:50of all this little private traffic.
52:52When it was finally reactivated,
52:54the operator Jack Phillips
52:56received another message from the California SS
52:58at 10.30 p.m.
53:00Their operator tried to warn
53:02Phillips of the iceberg coordinates
53:04but he did not pay attention.
53:06He was nervous and in a hurry.
53:08Was the magnetic storm responsible
53:10for his fragile nerves and bad mood?
53:12We can only speculate.
53:14But as you know, some people are more sensitive
53:16to this kind of thing.
53:18The weather was pleasant.
53:20The ocean was calm. The water was perfectly smooth.
53:22Despite all the warnings,
53:24the ship continued to sail at a maximum speed
53:26of more than 40 km per hour.
53:28An hour later, the Titanic collided
53:30with the infamous iceberg.
53:32On April 15,
53:34at midnight,
53:36in the middle of the night,
53:38Titanic operators began to transmit
53:40the first emergency signals.
53:42The California SS was sailing
53:44only 32 km from the Titanic.
53:46It could have easily come to its rescue.
53:48But 10 minutes before the disaster,
53:50the California radio operator
53:52had gone to bed.
53:54He was the only one on the ship
53:56to understand the Morse code.
53:58According to this new theory,
54:00the Morse code could have been
54:02a signal from the Titanic to other ships.
54:04For example, the steam ship
54:06SS La Provence
54:08did not receive any signal
54:10from the ship in distress.
54:12However, it was still receiving
54:14transmissions from another giant,
54:16the Olympic,
54:18which was 800 km from the Titanic.
54:20That night, the signals were strange.
54:22They simply got lost somewhere in space.
54:24Or they were like a complex puzzle,
54:26impossible to solve.
54:28Fate wanted the rescue ship
54:30to be stuck in the ice.
54:32It arrived at the last known coordinates
54:34of the Titanic, but the luxurious deck
54:36was not visible.
54:38Were the coordinates correct?
54:40The steam ship Carpathia
54:42was about 100 km away.
54:44At 12.30, their radio operator
54:46told the crew of the Titanic
54:48that he was hurrying to help him.
54:50The Carpathia, the ship famous
54:52for coming to its rescue,
54:54was sailing at full speed.
54:56The magnetic field could have disturbed
54:58the equipment.
55:00The good news is that the ship
55:02ended up in the right place
55:04when they saw the rescue boats
55:06full of passengers.
55:08It is interesting to note that
55:10once back at the port,
55:12no problem was detected
55:14with the equipment of the Carpathia.
55:16The breakdown occurred
55:18just around the wreck site.
55:20The investigation that followed
55:22accused amateur radio operators
55:24that the sun influenced the Earth.
55:26No one could have guessed
55:28that the sun could alter
55:30the navigation equipment
55:32of these huge ships,
55:34especially the one that had
55:36the most ultra neck of its time.
55:38There is another theory
55:40according to which the Moon
55:42could have played a role.
55:44Some researchers claim that
55:46in January 1912,
55:48our natural satellite was
55:50closer to Earth than normal.
55:52But not that year.
55:54The increase in water flow
55:56pushed them further for three months.
55:58In April, they found themselves
56:00on the path of transatlantic ships.
56:02Unfortunately, it was a set
56:04of disastrous circumstances
56:06for the Titanic.