Imaginez nager dans l'océan et vous retrouver face à face avec des créatures qui semblent tout droit sorties d'un film de science-fiction. Prenez le mégalodon, par exemple, un énorme requin préhistorique qui pourrait facilement avaler un petit bateau—heureusement, il est éteint ! Ensuite, il y a le calmar colossal, avec des yeux de la taille de plats à dîner et des tentacules pouvant atteindre jusqu'à 14 mètres de long. Les marins ont raconté des histoires du Kraken, un monstre marin légendaire qui pouvait soi-disant entraîner des navires entiers sous l'eau. Voyons lesquels d'entre eux sont réels, et lesquels - pas tellement. Animation créée par Sympa.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
Category
😹
FunTranscript
00:00It is the largest and fiercest predator to have ever haunted the oceans.
00:05The Megalodon shark dominated the seas for centuries, before vanishing millions of years ago.
00:11However, scientists have managed to discover very little of the giant shark's remains.
00:15All we know about the great monster of the seas,
00:18we have learned thanks to the fossils of these giant teeth,
00:21which are about the size of an average human hand.
00:23Scientists have estimated the size of the prehistoric shark
00:26using calculations based on the length of a Megalodon tooth.
00:30On average, the length of a Megalodon was 10 meters.
00:33The largest specimens could reach up to 17 meters long.
00:37However, these giant sharks were perhaps even bigger than we think.
00:42At the Museum of Natural History of Florida,
00:44a group of students examined replicas of Megalodon teeth,
00:47printed in 3D, to calculate the size of the shark using the tooth length method.
00:52But something was wrong.
00:54Each student calculated a different size for the same shark.
00:58Their estimates ranged from 12 meters to 55 meters.
01:02The paleontologist in charge of the project took a look at the students' equations.
01:06He realized that the method they had used to calculate the size of the Megalodon
01:10for decades was not at all accurate.
01:13They therefore invented a new method to calculate the size of the Megalodon,
01:17based on the width of the tooth instead of its length.
01:20It turned out that the average Megalodon would have measured about 20 meters long.
01:25It is almost twice the size that scientists had previously estimated,
01:29and this would mean that the average Megalodon had the length of two school buses.
01:33We have never discovered such a Megalodon skeleton.
01:36Shark skeletons are mainly made up of cartilage,
01:39which means that they break down quickly.
01:42Fortunately, shark teeth fall and grow back constantly throughout their life.
01:46A shark can have 40,000 teeth in a single life.
01:49Scientists have therefore succeeded in studying different types of sharks
01:53based solely on their teeth.
01:55The Megalodon had about 276 teeth.
01:59When it fell, its teeth landed in the seabed,
02:02where they remained for millions of years, fossilizing.
02:05Scientists found its teeth,
02:07and they are the only real trace we have of the existence of the monster.
02:11The word Megalodon also means giant tooth.
02:14Its tooth is about 18 centimeters long.
02:17For comparison, the largest tooth of a white shark is only 7 centimeters long.
02:22To find a larger set of teeth,
02:25it would take 65 million years to find the great Tyrannosaurus rex,
02:29whose teeth were an impressive size of 30 centimeters.
02:33Megalodon teeth have been discovered all over the world.
02:37This means that, unlike other marine animals of its time,
02:40the Megalodon was intercontinental.
02:43Even today, most sharks and marine animals
02:47tend to stay in one sea or one ocean.
02:50On the contrary, the Megalodon swam freely around the world,
02:54moving between tropical and subtropical waters.
02:57Megalodon teeth have been found all over the world,
03:00except for the Antarctic glacial waters.
03:03When a Megalodon appears in a film or TV show,
03:07it is depicted as a giant version of a large white shark.
03:11Scientists used to think that the Megalodon and the large white shark
03:15came from a common ancestor.
03:17But this is not the case.
03:19In fact, it is more likely that the Megalodon
03:21was the half-sister of the ancestor of the large white shark,
03:24the Maco shark, with large teeth.
03:26This means that the Megalodon
03:28was perhaps not so similar to the large white shark after all.
03:31In reality, the Megalodon would have had a shorter muzzle than the large white shark,
03:35as well as longer pectoral fins
03:38which gave it a sharper and more menacing carcass.
03:41Not only was the Megalodon the largest shark in the world,
03:44but it was also one of the largest fish ever to exist.
03:48A super predator of this size
03:50must have needed a huge diet to stay in motion.
03:54The Megalodon would have eaten 1,150 kg of food every day.
03:59The Megalodon diet consisted of larger species of fish,
04:03dolphins and even other species of sharks.
04:06Scientists have discovered old fossilized whale bones
04:09with Megalodon teeth marks.
04:11This means that the Megalodon was not intimidated by their size
04:14and would have tried to feed on giant whales from the past.
04:18Scientists have carried out computer simulations
04:21to try to determine the hunting style of the old shark.
04:24Thanks to this technology,
04:26they have discovered that the Megalodon's attack style
04:29was very different from that of modern sharks.
04:32The Megalodon's teeth marked the most vulnerable part of their prey.
04:35For example, the soft belly of a seal.
04:37The Megalodon's teeth were particularly suitable
04:40for biting through more resistant cartilage areas.
04:43This suggests that the Megalodon
04:46started by chewing the most robust fins of its prey,
04:49making it unable to swim away
04:51before launching its final attack.
04:53The mouth of a Megalodon
04:55was about 3 meters wide and 2.7 meters high,
04:58which is big enough for you to swim in it
05:01without touching any teeth.
05:03But this would be a bad idea.
05:05Its mouth was so big
05:07that the Megalodon could swallow a small car
05:10without even having to bite into it.
05:12Research teams from Australia and the United States
05:15have collaborated to determine the bite force of the Megalodon
05:18using computer simulations.
05:20The results are terrifying.
05:22While the great modern white shark
05:24has a bite force of 1.8 tons,
05:26the Megalodon could easily bite its prey
05:29with a bite force of 18.2 tons.
05:32The Stonefish
05:35Stonefish don't win beauty contests,
05:38unless the contest is the one
05:40with the best rock appearance.
05:42Their small, non-reflective eyes
05:44and rough skin blend perfectly
05:46into their environment.
05:48A big head, an even bigger mouth,
05:50and a house full of...
05:52Yes, these are stones.
05:54And it's not because you're on the beach
05:56that you're safe.
05:58Stonefish can survive for 24 hours
06:00out of the water.
06:02Walking on one of them, or even manipulating it,
06:04wouldn't be very fun.
06:06The spines of their dorsal fins
06:08contain an extremely powerful venom.
06:10It's released when you walk on them
06:12and can cause paralysis
06:14or even a cardiac arrest.
06:16You'll need help, and quickly.
06:18No wonder it's one of the most dangerous creatures
06:21in the water or elsewhere.
06:23Be careful when you sneak into rocky areas.
06:26They love to play hide-and-seek.
06:29The Deep Sea Dragonfish
06:31If there was a price for the most
06:33horrible fish in the ocean,
06:35the Deep Sea Dragonfish would win.
06:37With its glowing skin,
06:39no scales, its huge teeth,
06:41and a face that only a mother could love,
06:43this nasty boy from the seas
06:45has nothing to fear.
06:47It likes to swim between 213m and 1829m
06:49under the surface of the ocean,
06:51where the waters are the darkest
06:53and the coldest.
06:55Like other creatures on this list,
06:57the Deep Sea Dragonfish uses
06:59the bioluminescent parts of its body
07:01to catch its prey.
07:03It also uses its appendix,
07:05which has a small red light
07:07at its end and comes out
07:09of its lower jaw.
07:11Many fish use this small light
07:13for a prey, which attracts them
07:15directly into the jaws of the Deep Sea Dragonfish.
07:17Very clever, dear Deep Sea Dragonfish,
07:19very clever indeed.
07:21The Ogre Fish
07:23The Deep Sea Dragonfish
07:25is an underwater pit
07:27with a depth of 10,668m,
07:29which is about 11km
07:31under the surface of the ocean.
07:33Let yourself sink.
07:35Scientists know that the Deep Sea Dragonfish
07:37exists, but it is one of the least explored
07:39places on the planet.
07:41It is also the deepest area
07:43of the oceans on Earth.
07:45And although many creatures
07:47have probably not yet been seen by man,
07:49scientists had the frightening pleasure
07:51of discovering it with the Ogre Fish.
07:53The Ogre Fish
07:55bears its name.
07:57Just look at this thing.
07:59This fish is a carnivore
08:01and feeds on about everything it can find
08:03and that is found in its mouth
08:05with pointy teeth.
08:07These fish rely on their chemical
08:09reception by contact to find their prey.
08:11In other words, they can feel
08:13the chemical residues from other living organisms
08:15in the deep waters.
08:17Indeed, they do not have
08:19a light inducer on their body,
08:21unlike many other deep-sea fish.
08:23In addition,
08:25it is rather dark there,
08:27so everything that crosses their path,
08:29they devour it.
08:31Although they look scary,
08:33they are not a threat to humans.
08:35They are only 18cm long.
08:37Nevertheless, I would not want to
08:39fall on one of them during a pleasant
08:41swim in the ocean.
08:43The Dinkleosteus
08:45Curiously,
08:47this prehistoric fish,
08:49nicknamed the Sea T-Rex,
08:51did not have teeth.
08:53It was replaced by bone plates
08:55that allowed it to have the strongest bite
08:57among the other monsters
08:59of its size.
09:01The Shark
09:03If you thought
09:05shark movies were scary,
09:07the next creature of the depths
09:09will make you swear
09:11never to dive in the ocean again.
09:13However, it lives at 914 meters
09:15under the water,
09:17and you will probably never see it face to face.
09:19The Goblin Shark
09:21looks like a cross between a shark
09:23and a creature from your worst nightmare.
09:25These sharks are endowed with a
09:27pro-eminent muzzle in the shape of a sword
09:29and a jaw that moves forward to adapt.
09:31Unlike other sharks
09:33that have a rather gray shade,
09:35this scary thing is not very pretty in pink.
09:37Apart from their scary behavior,
09:39what do scientists really know
09:41about the Goblin Shark?
09:43Well, not much,
09:45except that it can reach 5 meters long.
09:47It looks like there is still a lot
09:49to learn about these guys,
09:51if you dare to dive.
09:53By the way,
09:55did you know that sharks don't sleep?
09:57Many species have to let water flow
09:59through their gills to get oxygen.
10:01So they can't fall into a deep sleep
10:03like we do.
10:05That's why they stay half awake
10:07during their rest.
10:09Sharks don't even close their eyes.
10:15This shark is a living horror,
10:17with large and pointy lower teeth,
10:19while the upper teeth
10:21are much smaller.
10:23When its teeth fall,
10:25the shark eats them to get its calcium level.
10:27A rather smart solution
10:29for a shark.
10:31The Lizard Shark
10:33Studying the Lizard Shark
10:35is like looking through a portal
10:37to prehistoric times.
10:39Indeed, scientists think
10:41that these sharks,
10:43which look like eels,
10:45haven't changed much
10:47since their most ancient ancestors
10:49explored deep waters,
10:51so they are sometimes called
10:53living fossils.
10:55The mouth of these animals
10:57is filled with 25 terrifying rows
10:59of pointy teeth,
11:01oriented backwards.
11:03300 in total.
11:05According to the first studies on the shark,
11:07made in 1884,
11:09and published in the Essex Institute's
11:11bulletin,
11:13fortunately for swimmers,
11:15these animals live between 119m and 1280m
11:17under the surface of the ocean,
11:19so they will probably never meet them.
11:21Everything is in the
11:23probably.
11:25It's probably the worst nightmare
11:27of all dentists.
11:29The Astroscopus Guttatus
11:31Look at this little piece of shoe.
11:33The Astroscopus Guttatus
11:35is certainly not a creature
11:37you want to see at the bottom of the ocean.
11:39This horrible creature hides
11:41its body under the sand
11:43and leaves its face above
11:45to wait for its prey.
11:47Do you want to give a high-five
11:49to a marine creature?
11:51Well, raise your fins,
11:53or rather your hand,
11:55for the Tasmanian red-handed fish.
11:57This fish doesn't swim,
11:59it walks.
12:01And it is very often disturbed
12:03by swimmers and boats.
12:05Some people even want to
12:07bring them back as pets,
12:09but it is better to give them a simple sign
12:11of the hand and continue to swim.
12:13The Abyss Vampire
12:15Its scientific name is
12:17Vampirotetis Infernalis,
12:19which translates to
12:21Hell's Vampire Calamary.
12:23This calamary seems to aim
12:25to terrify everyone with its name,
12:27its dark red color,
12:29and the scary fact that it can
12:31turn inside like a sock.
12:33It loves to show off,
12:35but it is as harmless
12:37as a kitten for humans.
12:39It's as if Dracula was scaring you,
12:41but he didn't have a tail to suck blood.
12:43The Abyss Vampire
12:45feeds on food particles
12:47from plants and animal
12:49matter floating near the surface of the ocean.
12:51As it is not a predator,
12:53it needs an effective
12:55defensive strategy,
12:57the Vampire Calamary is designed
12:59to ward off large creatures
13:01that want to eat it.
13:03This retractor is also
13:05a defensive mechanism
13:07because the iridescent areas
13:09of the inner skin are more intimidating.
13:11It also expels a substance
13:13that has no color,
13:15but which is filled with
13:17bioluminescent particles
13:19to distract predators.
13:21The Pacific Seabird
13:23Going on a cruise
13:25The most menaced sea creature
13:27Wait, what?
13:29The Pacific Seabird is not dangerous,
13:31but don't expect it to stay in the dock
13:33to say hello or sign autographs.
13:35It is incredibly shy.
13:37This little cow,
13:39which is the meaning
13:41of its name in Spanish,
13:43is a tiny marine mammal.
13:45With its black marks around its eyes,
13:47it looks like a sea panda.
13:49Seeing one is a good luck,
13:51they are on the verge of extinction,
13:53especially because they accidentally get caught in the fishing nets.
13:57It is estimated that there are only 10 left in the wild.
14:01The blue dragon.
14:02This little creature seems to come out of a fantasy film for children.
14:06It is the Atlantic glocus, also called the blue dragon or sea hyrondale,
14:11which can be found in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.
14:16It is a kind of mollusk and it is only 3 cm long.
14:20What you think is its back is in fact the shiny belly of the mollusk.
14:24It floats regularly on its back so that its blue colors help it to camouflage in the waves.
14:29The blue dragon is not only pretty, it is also intelligent.
14:33It usually feeds on the Portuguese gallery, also known as Fisali.
14:38The blue dragon stores the urticaria cells of the latter to use them later.
14:43In a way, they thus steal these defensive mechanisms.
14:47When the blue dragon is threatened, it releases the urticaria cells it has stored
14:52and directs them towards the enemy to sting it with a power superior to that of the Fisali.
14:57As it can store a huge amount of urticaria cells, it can be a threat to humans.
15:03So if you see one, don't pick it up. It is preferable to admire it from afar.
15:09The returning one lives in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.
15:13You may be wondering why a fish has a transparent head.
15:16That's a good question.
15:18Since the species was discovered in 1939,
15:21it was believed that this fish had such eyes to see straight ahead of it without being able to make any movement.
15:27It was therefore assumed that its vision was a tunnel.
15:30But scientists Bruce Robinson and Kim Reisenbichler
15:34from the Aquarium Research Institute in Monterey Bay
15:37have recently discovered that the fish can move its eyes vertically through the top of its translucent head
15:43and thus notice if there are predators or prey nearby.
15:47The transparent head also allows for more light to enter so that it can better detect prey.
15:53It is thought that the returning one feeds on jellyfish and small species of fish.
15:58If you dive in the ocean at night,
16:00you may have the chance to see how the coralimorph orange ball flourishes in the dark.
16:06But make sure to be quick because as soon as you turn on your flashlight to look at it,
16:10it will retract its tubes inside.
16:14Megalodon
16:15The whale shark is not the largest known human shark.
16:18If all species of sharks formed a kingdom,
16:21the prehistoric megalodon would be the undisputed sovereign.
16:25The megalodon crossed the ocean a long time ago.
16:28About 15.9 to 2.6 million years ago,
16:32between the beginning of the Miocene and the end of the Pliocene.
16:35Although it has disappeared for a long time,
16:37people are still surprised to learn about the existence of these gigantic marine creatures.
16:42The megalodon could reach a length of 14 to 18 meters
16:46and its jaws more than 1.8 meters wide.
16:49A fossil of a tooth belonging to a megalodon measured 18 centimeters.
16:54It is reassuring to know that these animals have disappeared for a long time.
16:58But there are still adventurers who hope to meet this monster one day.
17:03The Dumbo Peacock
17:05This adorable creature, or scary creature,
17:08it all depends on the way you see it,
17:10is officially called Grimpotitis.
17:13More simply, it is called the Dumbo Peacock,
17:16the name of the Disney character.